Gravity-supported bottom-type universal foundation for deep-sea aquaculture and its construction and installation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gravity bottom-seated deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation and its construction and installation method, which belongs to the field of deep-sea aquaculture technology. Its technical scheme is: including a ballast tank, a base and a central supporting independent column; the construction method includes the casting of the base, the casting of the barrel, the casting of the arch, the casting of the central supporting independent column and the transition platform; the offshore installation method includes: S1. The gravity bottom-seated deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation is dragged onto the barge as a whole; S2. The barge travels to the predetermined area, ballasts and sinks, and the gravity bottom-seated deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation floats and is launched into the water; S3. The barge withdraws, and the gravity bottom-seated deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation is moved to the designated location, ballasted, and sunk to the bottom; S4. Aquaculture cages or other functional platforms are installed. The large-area concrete base of the present invention can meet the bearing capacity of most seabed mud surfaces while taking into account the stability of the overall foundation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea aquaculture, and in particular to a gravity-based bottom-supported deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation and a construction and installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Deep-sea aquaculture usually refers to a comprehensive fishery production system that integrates industrial green aquaculture, fish catch loading and material replenishment, marine processing and logistics of aquatic products, and digital management in sea areas far away from the mainland and with a water depth of less than 20 meters, relying on aquaculture vessels or large floating aquaculture platforms and other equipment, supporting deep-sea cage facilities, fishing vessels, energy supply networks, logistics supply ships and land-based support facilities. It is a new model of fishery production in the whole industry chain that combines "raising-catching-processing". This new aquaculture model has high requirements for marine equipment and technology, and the economic benefits are also considerable. However, my country's deep-sea aquaculture started late, with simple facilities and backward equipment. The general foundation of aquaculture cannot withstand strong winds and waves and harsh sea conditions. In the offshore areas where wind, waves, currents and other environmental forces are extremely strong, it is also necessary to take into account the impact of construction costs, installation costs, environmental protection and other aspects. To maintain the stability of aquaculture cages and other aquaculture platforms, it is crucial to design a reasonable general foundation for aquaculture. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a gravity bottom-sitting type universal foundation for deep-sea aquaculture and a construction and installation method thereof.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0005] In a first aspect, a general foundation for deep-sea aquaculture of a gravity-based bottom-sitting type is provided, comprising a ballast tank, a base and a central supporting independent column; the base is composed of a central base unit and a plurality of edge base units, the central base unit and the plurality of edge base units are interconnected and cast into a whole by reinforced concrete, and a ballast tank with a hollow structure is provided on the edge base unit and the central base unit; the ballast tank comprises a barrel body of a cylindrical hollow reinforced concrete structure, the barrel body comprises a first barrel body placed on the central base unit and a second barrel body placed on the edge base unit, and an inlet / outlet is provided at the connection between the first barrel body and the second barrel body; an arch is provided on the second barrel body, and a transition platform is provided on the first barrel body, the transition platform is composed of an upper plane, a lower plane and a connecting surface, the diameter of the upper plane is smaller than that of the lower plane, the connecting surface is a circular arc structure, the lower plane is connected to the top of the barrel body by casting reinforced concrete, the upper end of the upper plane is connected to the central supporting independent column, the central supporting independent column is a hollow cylindrical structure cast by reinforced concrete, and the central supporting independent column is provided with an interface connected to the aquaculture platform.

[0006] Preferably, the central base unit and the plurality of edge base units are all cylindrical, and the number of edge base units is 6.

[0007] Preferably, towing points are arranged around the edge base unit, which is conducive to the towing and installation of the entire universal foundation in the ocean, thereby saving manpower and material resources and reducing costs.

[0008] Preferably, a reinforcing plate or reinforcing ribs are provided inside the central supporting independent column to enhance the stability of the central supporting independent column and extend its service life.

[0009] In a second aspect, a method for constructing a gravity-based bottom-supported deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation is provided, comprising:

[0010] S1. Casting of the base: a. Level the site and set baffles according to the outer contour of the base; b. Tie the steel bars, set the corresponding embedded parts, and set process cement pads at the bottom according to the thickness of the outer layer of cement; c. Cast the base as a whole, fully vibrate and level it; d. Concrete curing to prepare for the casting of the barrel.

[0011] S2. Casting of the barrel: a. Build concrete formwork according to design requirements; b. Tie steel bars, set up hauling points, inlet / outlet, and manholes; c. Cast the concrete barrel in layers; d. Curing the concrete, dismantling the barrel formwork, and preparing for casting the ballast tank vault and central supporting independent column;

[0012] S3. Casting of the vault: a. Build the vault formwork according to the design requirements; b. Tie the steel bars and set the process cement pads at the bottom according to the thickness of the inner layer of cement; c. Cast the vault in layers and fully vibrate; d. Curing the concrete, dismantling the vault formwork, and completing the casting of the vault;

[0013] S4. Casting of central supporting independent columns and transition platform; a. Build formwork according to design requirements; b. Tie steel bars, set corresponding embedded parts, and set corresponding process cement pads; c. Cast in layers and vibrate fully; d. Concrete curing, remove formwork, and the construction of the entire universal foundation can be completed.

[0014] In a third aspect, a method for installing a gravity-based deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation offshore is provided, comprising:

[0015] S1. After the wharf is built, the gravity-supported deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation is towed as a whole onto the barge;

[0016] S2. The barge sails to the designated area, sinks with ballast, and floats and launches on the gravity-seated deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation;

[0017] S3. The barge is withdrawn, and the gravity-seated deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation is moved to the designated location and ballasted and sunk into place;

[0018] S4. Install aquaculture cages or other functional platforms.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The installation method of the present invention is simple, low-cost and highly applicable. The large-area concrete base is designed to meet the bearing capacity of most seabed mud surfaces while taking into account the stability of the overall foundation; the cylindrical hollow reinforced concrete barrel has multiple independent buoyancy storage spaces, which can be ballasted separately to achieve the purpose of regulating the snorkeling depth and angle; the central support independent column bears the main wave flow load, and the aquaculture cage or upper platform also transmits the force to the bottom structure through the central support independent column, on which a variety of interfaces can be set for aquaculture-related fixation, control, and storage. At the same time, it has a high-strength, corrosion-resistant appearance such as epoxy resin and high-strength cement, which can adapt to repeated floating body impacts and marine organisms and marine corrosion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the submarine installation process of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure, 11-central base unit; 12-edge base unit; 21-first barrel body; 22-second barrel body; 3-central supporting independent column; 4-transition platform; 5-vault; 6-inlet / outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a gravity-based bottom-supported deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation, including a ballast tank, a base, and a central supporting independent column 3;

[0026] The base is composed of a central base unit 11 and six edge base units 12, which are connected to each other and cast into a petal-shaped integral structure by reinforced concrete. Towing points are arranged around the edge base unit 12, and the towing points are connected to the embedded parts reserved when the edge base unit 12 is cast in concrete, and are connected to the hanging points arranged on the embedded parts. Both the edge base unit 12 and the central base unit 11 are provided with ballast tanks with hollow structures;

[0027] The ballast tank includes a barrel body of a cylindrical hollow reinforced concrete structure, which includes a first barrel body 21 placed on a central base unit 11 and a second barrel body 22 placed on an edge base unit 12, and an inlet / outlet 6 is arranged at the connection between the first barrel body 21 and the second barrel body 22; a vault 5 is arranged on the second barrel body 22, and a transition platform 4 is arranged on the first barrel body 21, and the transition platform 4 is composed of an upper plane, a lower plane and a connecting surface. The diameter of the upper plane is smaller than that of the lower plane, and the connecting surface is an arc structure. The lower plane is connected to the top of the barrel body by casting reinforced concrete, and the upper end of the upper plane is connected to a central support independent column 3, which is a hollow cylindrical structure cast with reinforced concrete. A reinforcing plate or reinforcing ribs are arranged inside the central support independent column 3, and an interface connected to the breeding platform is arranged on the central support independent column 3.

[0028] The construction method of gravity bottom-supported deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation includes:

[0029] S1. Casting of the base: a. Level the site and set the baffle according to the outer contour of the base; b. Tie the steel bars, set the corresponding embedded parts, and set the process cement pad at the bottom according to the thickness of the outer cement layer; c. Cast the base as a whole, fully vibrate and level it; d. Concrete curing to prepare for the casting of the barrel 2;

[0030] S2. Casting of the barrel: a. Build concrete formwork according to design requirements; b. Tie steel bars, set up pre-embedded parts such as drag points, inlet / outlet 6, and manholes; c. Cast the concrete barrel in layers, and the upper layer can only be cast after the lower layer of concrete is completely hardened; d. Concrete curing, remove the barrel formwork, and prepare for the casting of the ballast tank vault 55 and the central supporting independent column 3;

[0031] S3. Casting of the vault 5: a. Build the vault 5 formwork according to the design requirements; b. Tie the steel bars and set the process cement pad at the bottom according to the thickness of the inner cement layer; c. Cast the vault 5 in layers, use a vibrator to fully vibrate, the vibrator is commercially available for existing structures, such as model ZN70G-1.8KW, etc., which will not be repeated here; d. Concrete curing, remove the vault 5 formwork, and complete the casting of the vault 5;

[0032] S4. Casting of the central supporting independent column 3 and the transition platform 4; a. Build the formwork according to the design requirements; b. Tie the steel bars and set the corresponding embedded parts to achieve the connection with the top breeding platform, depending on the functional requirements of the upper platform, such as the dragging point, and set the corresponding process cement pads; c. Layered casting and sufficient tamping and vibration; d. Concrete curing, remove the formwork, and the construction of the entire universal foundation can be completed.

[0033] The offshore installation method of gravity-based deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation includes:

[0034] S1. After the wharf is built, the gravity-supported deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation is towed as a whole onto the barge;

[0035] S2. The barge travels to the predetermined area, pumps water into the cavity of the central support independent column 3 to achieve ballast sinking, and the gravity-based deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation floats into the water;

[0036] S3. The barge is withdrawn, and the gravity-based deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation is moved to the designated location. The inlet / outlet 6 is opened to allow seawater to enter the hollow structure of the barrel to increase the overall gravity and sink to the bottom;

[0037] S4. Install aquaculture cages or other functional platforms on the central supporting independent column 3 of the gravity-based deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation through the connection interface.

[0038] The construction method of this embodiment is simple and the installation is convenient. The large-area concrete base can meet the bearing capacity of most seabed mud surfaces while taking into account the stability of the overall foundation. The cylindrical hollow reinforced concrete barrel 2 also has multiple independent buoyancy storage spaces, which can be ballasted separately to achieve the purpose of regulating the snorkeling depth and angle. The central supporting independent column 3 bears the main wave flow load, and the aquaculture cage or the upper platform also transmits the force to the bottom structure through the independent column. Various interfaces can be set on it for aquaculture-related fixation, control, and storage. At the same time, it has a high-strength and corrosion-resistant appearance such as epoxy resin and high-strength cement, and can adapt to repeated floating body impacts and marine organisms and marine corrosion.

[0039] Although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions shall be within the scope of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and all of these shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. Gravity-based bottom-sit type universal foundation for deep-sea aquaculture, characterized by: It includes a ballast tank, a base and a central supporting independent column (3); The base is composed of a central base unit (11) and a plurality of edge base units (12); the central base unit (11) and the plurality of edge base units (12) are connected to each other and cast into a whole by reinforced concrete; and hollow ballast tanks are provided on the edge base units (12) and the central base unit (11); The ballast tank comprises a cylindrical hollow reinforced concrete structure barrel body, the barrel body comprises a first barrel body (21) placed on a central base unit (11) and a second barrel body (22) placed on an edge base unit (12), an inlet / outlet (6) is arranged at the connection between the first barrel body (21) and the second barrel body (22); a vault (5) is arranged on the second barrel body (22), a transition platform (4) is arranged on the first barrel body (21), the transition platform (4) comprises an upper plane, a lower plane and a connection surface, the diameter of the upper plane is smaller than that of the lower plane, the connection surface is an arc structure, the lower plane is connected to the top of the barrel body by reinforced concrete casting, the upper end of the upper plane is connected to a central support independent column (3), the central support independent column (3) is a hollow cylindrical structure cast by reinforced concrete, and an interface for connecting to the breeding platform is arranged on the central support independent column (3); The edge base unit (12) is provided with towing points around its periphery; A reinforcing plate or reinforcing rib is arranged inside the central supporting independent column (3); The construction method of the gravity bottom-supported deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation, S1. Casting of the base: a. Level the site and set the baffle according to the outer contour of the base; b. Tie the steel bars, set the corresponding embedded parts, and set the process cement pad at the bottom according to the thickness of the outer layer of cement; c. Cast the base as a whole, fully vibrate and level it; d. Concrete curing, preparing for barrel pouring; S2. Casting of the barrel: a. Build concrete formwork according to design requirements; b. Tie steel bars, set up towing points, inlet / outlet (6), and manholes; c. Cast the concrete barrel in layers; d. Curing the concrete, dismantling the barrel formwork, and preparing for the casting of the ballast tank vault (5) and the central supporting independent column (3); S3. Casting of the vault (5): a. Building the vault (5) formwork according to the design requirements; b. Binding the steel bars and setting the process cement pad at the bottom according to the thickness of the inner layer of cement; c. Cast the vault (5) in layers and fully vibrate it; d. Curing the concrete, removing the vault (5) formwork, and completing the casting of the vault (5); S4. Casting of the central supporting independent column (3) and the transition platform (4); a. Build the formwork according to the design requirements; b. Tie the steel bars, set the corresponding embedded parts, and set the corresponding process cement pads; c. Pour in layers and vibrate thoroughly; d. Concrete curing and formwork removal complete the construction of the entire universal foundation; The offshore installation method of the gravity-based bottom-supported deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation, S1. After the wharf is built, the gravity-supported deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation is towed as a whole onto the barge; S2. The barge sails to the designated area, sinks with ballast, and floats and launches on the gravity-seated deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation; S3. The barge is withdrawn, and the gravity-seated deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation is moved to the designated location, ballasted, and sunk into place; S4. Install aquaculture cages or other functional platforms.

2. The gravity bottom-supported deep-sea aquaculture universal foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central base unit (11) and the plurality of edge base units (12) are all cylindrical, and the number of edge base units (12) is 6.

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