A method and system for treating garbage by dry distillation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for treating garbage by dry distillation, comprising the following steps: S1. a wood vinegar spray deodorization device is arranged on a garbage pretreatment pool to deodorize and sterilize the garbage; S2. the garbage is transported to a plurality of hot oil dry distillation kilns, and a heat-conducting oil boiler is used to heat the heat-conducting oil pipe in the hot oil dry distillation kiln; S3. in step S2, the heating of the plurality of hot oil dry distillation kilns is divided into three stages: low-temperature heating, medium-high-temperature heating, and high-temperature cracking heating, and an auxiliary heating chamber is arranged outside the plurality of hot oil dry distillation kilns, and the hot gas of the hot oil dry distillation kiln in the high-temperature cracking stage can be used through the auxiliary heating chamber to perform auxiliary heating on the hot oil dry distillation kiln in the low-temperature heating stage; S4. a condenser is arranged to condense the generated gas in each hot oil dry distillation kiln and separate and extract wood vinegar and tar. The present invention also discloses a garbage dry distillation treatment system. The garbage dry distillation treatment method and system of the present invention belong to the technical field of garbage treatment, have no waste gas emission, and save energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to garbage disposal technology, and more specifically, to a garbage dry distillation disposal method and system. Background Art

[0002] In existing garbage disposal devices, garbage is usually transported to a garbage incineration plant for incineration. Since garbage incineration produces a large amount of harmful gases, the harmful gases need to be treated secondary, otherwise it will pollute the environment. The organic matter, metals, etc. in the garbage will turn into ashes after high-temperature combustion and cannot be reused, resulting in a waste of resources. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a method for treating garbage by dry distillation without exhaust gas emission and saving energy.

[0004] A second object of the present invention is to provide a garbage dry distillation treatment system.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose 1, the present invention provides a method for treating garbage by dry distillation, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. A wood vinegar spray deodorization device is set on the garbage pretreatment pool to deodorize and sterilize the garbage;

[0007] S2. The garbage is transported to multiple hot oil distillation kilns, and the heat transfer oil pipes in the hot oil distillation kilns are heated using a heat transfer oil boiler;

[0008] S3. In step S2, the heating of the multiple hot oil retort kilns is divided into three stages, which are a low-temperature heating stage, a medium-high temperature heating stage, and a high-temperature cracking stage, and an auxiliary heating chamber is arranged outside the multiple hot oil retort kilns, a heat exchange oil pipe that can be communicated with the heat transfer oil pipes in the multiple hot oil retort kilns is arranged in the auxiliary heating chamber, and a hot gas circulation system that is communicated with the multiple hot oil retort kilns is arranged in the auxiliary heating chamber, and the hot gas circulation system is used to circulate the auxiliary heating chamber and the hot oil retort kiln in the high-temperature cracking stage, and the hot gas of the heat exchange oil pipe in the auxiliary heating chamber is connected to the heat transfer oil pipe in the hot oil retort kiln in the low-temperature heating stage, so as to heat the hot oil retort kiln in the low-temperature heating stage;

[0009] S4. A condenser is provided to condense and separate the generated gases in each hot oil distillation kiln to obtain condensed water, wood vinegar, tar and non-condensable gases. An exhaust gas supply pipeline is provided to connect the condenser with the combustion chamber of the thermal oil boiler to burn the non-condensable gases.

[0010] Furthermore, during the low-temperature heating stage and the medium-high temperature heating stage, the generated gas in the corresponding hot oil distillation kiln is condensed and separated through a condenser to obtain condensed water, wood vinegar and non-condensable gas, and an exhaust gas supply pipeline is set to be connected to the condenser to transport the non-condensable gas to the combustion chamber of the thermal oil boiler for combustion treatment; during the high-temperature cracking stage, the generated gas in the corresponding hot oil distillation kiln is condensed and separated through a condenser to obtain tar for recovery, and the generated non-liquefiable cracking gas is transported to the combustion chamber of the thermal oil boiler through the exhaust gas supply pipeline for combustion treatment.

[0011] Furthermore, during the low-temperature heating stage, the temperature in the hot oil retort kiln is set to 110-150°C, and the low-temperature heating lasts for 7-8 hours; during the medium- and high-temperature heating stage, the temperature in the hot oil retort kiln is set to 150-250°C, and the medium- and high-temperature heating lasts for 6-8 hours; during the high-temperature heating stage, the temperature in the hot oil retort kiln is set to above 300°C, and the high-temperature heating lasts for 5-6 hours.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat-conducting oil pipe in the hot oil retort kiln during the medium and high temperature heating stage and the high temperature heating stage is connected to the oil pipe of the heat-conducting oil boiler, and the oil temperature is set to above 300°C; the heat-conducting oil pipe in the hot oil retort kiln during the low temperature heating stage is not connected to the oil pipe of the heat-conducting oil boiler, the heat-conducting oil pipe in the hot oil retort kiln is connected through a heat exchange oil pipe, and the auxiliary heating chamber is connected to the hot oil retort kiln in the medium and high temperature heating stage through a hot gas circulation system, and the heat exchange oil pipe is heated by heat exchange, thereby heating the heat-conducting oil pipe in the hot oil retort kiln in the low temperature heating stage.

[0013] As a further improvement, the hot gas circulation system includes an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe in the auxiliary heating chamber, which are respectively connected to each of the hot oil distillation kilns, the air inlet pipe is provided with an exhaust fan, the air outlet pipe is provided with a condenser connecting pipe connected to the condenser, and the air inlet pipe, the air outlet pipe and the condenser connecting pipe are provided with air valves.

[0014] Furthermore, by controlling the opening and closing of the gas valve and the operation of the exhaust fan, the temperature of the hot oil distillation kiln in the low-temperature heating stage is increased to 100-150°C at a heating rate of 1-5°C / min.

[0015] Furthermore, the heat exchange oil pipe is provided with an oil inlet branch pipe and an oil outlet branch pipe connected with the heat transfer oil pipes in each of the hot oil distillation kilns, the oil inlet branch pipe and the oil outlet branch pipe are provided with electromagnetic oil valves, and the oil inlet branch pipe is provided with an oil pump.

[0016] Furthermore, the condenser is provided with a liquid collecting device, and the liquid collecting device is provided with a distillation device to separate the wood vinegar into a wood vinegar storage tank.

[0017] To achieve the above-mentioned second purpose, the present invention also provides a system for implementing a garbage distillation treatment method, comprising a garbage pretreatment pool, a wood vinegar spray deodorization device arranged on the garbage pretreatment pool, a thermal oil boiler, multiple hot oil distillation kilns, a condenser and an exhaust gas supply pipeline, wherein the exhaust gas supply pipeline connects the condenser and the combustion chamber of the thermal oil boiler, and the hot oil distillation kiln is connected to the oil pipe of the thermal oil boiler through an oil pipe; and also includes an auxiliary heating chamber arranged on one side of the multiple hot oil distillation kilns, wherein the auxiliary heating chamber is provided with heat exchange oil pipes respectively connected to the heat oil pipes in the hot oil distillation kiln, and the auxiliary heating chamber is provided with a hot gas circulation system connected to the inner cavity of the hot oil distillation kiln.

[0018] Furthermore, the hot gas circulation system includes an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe which are respectively connected to each of the hot oil distillation kilns in the auxiliary heating chamber, the air inlet pipe is provided with an exhaust fan, the air outlet pipe is provided with a condenser connecting pipe connected to the condenser, and the air inlet pipe, the air outlet pipe and the condenser connecting pipe are provided with air valves; the heat exchange oil pipe is provided with an oil inlet branch pipe and an oil outlet branch pipe which are connected to the heat transfer oil pipes in each of the hot oil distillation kilns, the oil inlet branch pipe and the oil outlet branch pipe are provided with electromagnetic oil valves, and the oil inlet branch pipe is provided with an oil pump; the condenser is provided with a liquid collecting device, and the liquid collecting device is provided with a distillation device to separate the wood vinegar into a wood vinegar storage tank.

[0019] Beneficial Effects

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the garbage dry distillation treatment method and system of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The garbage dry distillation treatment system of the present invention has no chimney in the garbage dry distillation treatment link and does not discharge waste gas and dioxins. Secondly, there is no waste gas emission and no other pollution.

[0022] In this garbage distillation treatment system, organic matter in the garbage distillation is decomposed by heat to generate combustible gas, which is collected and utilized completely, so there is no waste gas emission and other pollution at all. Again, the investment, operation and maintenance costs are low;

[0023] This garbage distillation treatment system has no waste gas emissions during garbage distillation, no need to build a large chimney, no need to deal with smoke and dust; no fly ash, no need to deal with fly ash; no dioxin toxicity, no need to deal with ash; raw garbage is put into the furnace for distillation, no garbage pre-treatment is required, less heat is consumed, and no combustion aid is required;

[0024] This garbage distillation treatment system solves the problems of large investment, high operation cost and high maintenance cost of garbage incineration, without changing the habit of garbage treatment in my country: the selection of garbage treatment sites is not restricted, and garbage can be digested on site;

[0025] This garbage distillation treatment system not only saves energy and time, but also improves the speed and efficiency of garbage treatment;

[0026] This garbage distillation treatment system can handle a variety of garbage. Since garbage distillation has no waste gas emissions and no pollution, it can not only handle mixed domestic garbage, but also industrial garbage, such as waste plastics, waste tires, kitchen waste, and even medical waste, etc., making garbage treatment without waste gas emissions and dioxin pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Attached Figure 1 It is a connection block diagram of the garbage dry distillation treatment system of the present invention;

[0028] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure connection block diagram of the hot oil retorting kiln and the auxiliary heating chamber of the present invention;

[0029] Attached Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the garbage dry distillation treatment system of the present invention.

[0030] Among them: 1. Garbage pretreatment pool; 2. Wood vinegar spray deodorization device; 3. Garbage basket; 4. Hot oil distillation kiln; 5. Thermal oil boiler; 6. Thermal oil pipe; 7. Condenser; 8. Waste gas supply pipeline; 9. Auxiliary heating chamber; 10. Heat exchange oil pipe; 11. Hot gas circulation system; 12. Air inlet pipe; 13. Air outlet pipe; 14. Exhaust fan; 15. Oil inlet branch pipe; 16. Oil outlet branch pipe; 17. Liquid collecting device; 18. Distillation device; 19. Wood vinegar storage tank; 20. Condenser connecting pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation modes.

[0032] The specific implementation of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1-3 As shown, a method for treating garbage by dry distillation comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1. A wood vinegar spray deodorizing device 2 is provided on the garbage pretreatment pool 1 to deodorize and sterilize the garbage, which can promote the fermentation of the garbage, prevent the fermentation of the garbage from producing toxic gases, and ensure the quality of the surrounding working environment;

[0034] S2. The garbage is transported to a plurality of hot oil distillation kilns 4, and the thermal oil boiler 5 is used to heat the thermal oil pipe 6 in the hot oil distillation kiln 4;

[0035] S3. In step S2, the heating of the plurality of hot oil retort kilns 4 is divided into three stages: low-temperature heating, medium-high temperature heating, and high-temperature cracking heating. The heating stage of each hot oil retort kiln 4 can be changed according to the heating time, and an auxiliary heating chamber 9 capable of being communicated with each hot oil retort kiln is provided on the outer side of the plurality of hot oil retort kilns 4. The hot gas of the hot oil retort kiln 4 in the high-temperature cracking stage can be used to auxiliary heat the hot oil retort kiln 4 in the low-temperature heating stage through the auxiliary heating chamber 9;

[0036] S4. A condenser 7 is provided to condense and separate the generated gases in each hot oil retorting kiln 4 to obtain condensed water, wood vinegar, tar and non-condensable gases, and an exhaust gas supply pipeline 8 is provided to connect the condenser 7 with the combustion chamber of the thermal oil boiler 5 to burn the non-condensable gases.

[0037] In the present embodiment, in step S2, the heating of the plurality of hot oil retorting kilns 4 is divided into three stages, namely, a low-temperature heating stage, a medium-high temperature heating stage and a high-temperature cracking stage, and an auxiliary heating chamber 9 is arranged outside the plurality of hot oil retorting kilns 4, a heat exchange oil pipe 10 which can be communicated with the heat transfer oil pipe 6 in the plurality of hot oil retorting kilns 4 is arranged in the auxiliary heating chamber 9, a hot gas circulation system 11 which is communicated with the plurality of hot oil retorting kilns 4 is arranged in the auxiliary heating chamber 9, and the auxiliary heating chamber 9 is provided with a hot gas circulation system 11 which is communicated with the plurality of hot oil retorting kilns 4, and the hot gas circulation system 11 is used to circulate the auxiliary heating chamber 9 and the hot oil retorting kiln 4 in the high-temperature cracking stage, and the hot gas of the heat exchange oil pipe 10 in the auxiliary heating chamber 9 is connected to the heat transfer oil pipe 6 in the hot oil retorting kiln 4 in the low-temperature heating stage, so as to heat the hot oil retorting kiln 4 in the low-temperature heating stage;

[0038] In this embodiment, during the low-temperature heating stage and the medium-high temperature heating stage, the generated gas in the corresponding hot oil distillation kiln 4 is condensed and separated by the condenser 7 to obtain condensed water, wood vinegar and non-condensable gas, and an exhaust gas supply pipeline 8 is provided to be connected to the condenser 7 to transport the non-condensable gas to the combustion chamber of the thermal oil boiler 5 for combustion treatment; during the high-temperature cracking stage, the generated gas in the corresponding hot oil distillation kiln 4 is condensed and separated by the condenser 7 to obtain tar for recovery, and the generated non-liquefiable cracking gas is transported to the combustion chamber of the thermal oil boiler 5 through the exhaust gas supply pipeline 8 for combustion treatment.

[0039] In this embodiment, during the low-temperature heating stage, the temperature in the hot oil retort kiln 4 is set to 110-150°C, and the low-temperature heating duration is 7-8 hours; during the medium- and high-temperature heating stage, the temperature in the hot oil retort kiln 4 is set to 150-250°C, and the medium- and high-temperature heating duration is 6-8 hours; during the high-temperature heating stage, the temperature in the hot oil retort kiln 4 is set to above 300°C, and the high-temperature heating duration is 5-6 hours.

[0040] Wood vinegar can be effectively distilled out at about 100°C, and low-temperature heating for 7-8 hours can separate the moisture from the garbage.

[0041] In the present embodiment, the heat-conducting oil pipe 6 in the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 in the medium and high temperature heating stage and the high temperature heating stage is connected to the oil pipe of the thermal oil boiler 5, and the oil temperature is set to above 300°C; the heat-conducting oil pipe 6 in the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 in the low temperature heating stage is not connected to the oil pipe of the thermal oil boiler 5, the heat-conducting oil pipe 6 in the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 is connected through the heat exchange oil pipe 10, the auxiliary heating chamber 9 is connected to the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 in the medium and high temperature heating stage through the hot gas circulation system 11, and the heat exchange oil pipe 10 is heated by heat exchange, thereby heating the heat-conducting oil pipe 6 in the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 in the low temperature heating stage.

[0042] In this embodiment, the hot gas circulation system 11 includes an air inlet pipe 12 and an air outlet pipe 13 which are respectively connected to each hot oil distillation kiln 4 in the auxiliary heating chamber 9, an exhaust fan 14 is provided on the air inlet pipe 12, and a condenser pipe 20 connected to the condenser 7 is provided on the air outlet pipe 13, and air valves are provided on the air inlet pipe 12, the air outlet pipe 13 and the condenser pipe 20.

[0043] In the present embodiment, temperature probes are arranged in each hot oil dry distillation kiln 4, the heat transfer oil pipe 6 and the auxiliary heating chamber 9 to monitor the temperature in real time. By controlling the opening and closing of the gas valve and the exhaust fan 14 to work, the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 in the low temperature heating stage is heated to 100-150°C at a heating rate of 1-5°C / min; the oil temperature of the heat transfer oil pipe 6 of the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 in the high temperature heating stage is above 300°C, and the hot gas temperature in the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 is also above 300°C. By transporting the hot gas to the auxiliary heating chamber 9, the heat exchange oil pipe 10 in the auxiliary heating chamber 9 connected to the heat transfer oil pipe 6 of the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 in the low temperature heating stage is heated, the temperature of the heat exchange oil pipe 10 is increased, and then the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 in the low temperature heating stage is slowly heated, so that the garbage in the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 in the low temperature heating stage is fermented, and the fermentation time below 100°C is longer, and the garbage fermentation can produce more biogas and other combustible gases.

[0044] In this embodiment, both ends of the heat exchange oil pipe 10 are provided with an oil inlet branch pipe 15 and an oil outlet branch pipe 16 connected to the heat transfer oil pipe 6 in each hot oil distillation kiln 4, and each oil inlet branch pipe 15 and the oil outlet branch pipe 16 is provided with an electromagnetic oil valve, and the heat exchange oil pipe 10 is provided with an oil pump. The control cabinet in the factory controls the opening or closing of each electromagnetic oil valve according to the heating stage of each hot oil distillation kiln 4 to control the heat exchange oil pipe 10 to be connected with the heat transfer oil pipe 6 in the hot oil distillation kiln 4.

[0045] In this embodiment, a liquid collecting device 17 is provided on the condenser 7, and a distillation device 18 is provided on the liquid collecting device 17 to separate the wood vinegar into a wood vinegar storage tank 19. The liquid collecting device 17 is a conventional liquid storage tank structure in the prior art, and the distillation device 18 is a conventional distillation device in the prior art.

[0046] A garbage dry distillation treatment system comprises a garbage pretreatment pool 1, a wood vinegar spray deodorization device 2 arranged on the garbage pretreatment pool 1, a thermal oil boiler 5, a plurality of thermal oil dry distillation kilns 4, a condenser 7 and an exhaust gas supply pipeline 8, and also comprises a garbage basket 3, the garbage basket 3 frames the garbage in the garbage pretreatment pool 1 and then transports it to the thermal oil dry distillation kiln 4, the garbage basket 3 moves to the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 through a track, the exhaust gas supply pipeline 8 connects the condenser 7 and the combustion chamber of the thermal oil boiler 5, and the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 is connected to the oil pipe of the thermal oil boiler 5 through an oil pipe; and also comprises an auxiliary heating chamber 9 arranged on one side of the plurality of hot oil dry distillation kilns 4, the auxiliary heating chamber 9 is provided with a heat exchange oil pipe 10 respectively connected with the thermal oil pipe 6 in the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4, and the auxiliary heating chamber 9 is provided with a hot gas circulation system 11 connected with the inner cavity of the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4.

[0047] The wood vinegar spray deodorizing device 2 is a conventional spraying device in the prior art.

[0048] In this embodiment, the hot gas circulation system 11 includes an air inlet pipe 12 and an air outlet pipe 13 respectively connected to each hot oil distillation kiln 4 in the auxiliary heating chamber 9, the air inlet pipe 12 is provided with an exhaust fan 14, the air outlet pipe 13 is provided with a condenser pipe 20 connected to the condenser 7, and the air inlet pipe 12, the air outlet pipe 13 and the condenser pipe 20 are provided with air valves; both ends of the heat exchange oil pipe 10 are provided with an oil inlet branch pipe 15 and an oil outlet branch pipe 16 connected to the heat transfer oil pipe 6 in each hot oil distillation kiln 4, the oil inlet branch pipe 15 and the oil outlet branch pipe 16 are provided with electromagnetic oil valves, and the oil inlet branch pipe 15 is provided with an oil pump; the condenser 7 is provided with a liquid collecting device 17, and the liquid collecting device 17 is provided with a distillation device 18 to separate the wood vinegar into the wood vinegar storage tank 19.

[0049] The specific work is as follows:

[0050] 1. The garbage entering the garbage pretreatment pool 1 is first deodorized and sterilized with wood vinegar to remove the garbage odor and inhibit the growth of miscellaneous bacteria;

[0051] 2. The treated garbage is pressed into packaging frames, and the squeezed water can be further utilized after fermentation;

[0052] 3. Load the framed garbage into the dry distillation kiln for dry distillation cracking, wherein: ① The water condensed below 150°C in the low-temperature drying stage is treated harmlessly and then recycled; ② A small amount of water and vinegar produced in the medium-temperature stage of 150-250°C are condensed, collected and processed and can be used for tree planting, and the non-condensable gas enters the combustion chamber of the thermal oil boiler 5 and is burned; ③ The combustible gas and part of the tar cracked in the high-temperature stage above 250°C are directly sent to the combustion chamber of the thermal oil boiler 5 as fuel;

[0053] 4. The remaining garbage after distillation and cooling is sorted and processed. The remaining garbage after drying is already in a loose state without smell, which is more conducive to sorting and processing. The sorted metal and glass can be recycled, the carbonized material can be used as fuel, and the remaining carbon-containing soil can be used as soil for plant cultivation.

[0054] After the garbage has undergone three stages of dry distillation in the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4, it can be sorted by a conventional sorting mechanism, and non-carbonizable materials (such as metals, etc.) can be selected for classification, while the remaining carbides can be recycled and used directly as soil without pollution.

[0055] A wood vinegar spraying and deodorizing device 2 is arranged above the garbage pretreatment pool 1. After each truck of garbage is poured into the garbage pool, the wood vinegar spraying device sprays the wood vinegar once.

[0056] During the low-temperature heating stage, a liquid collecting device 17 is provided on the condenser 7, and a distillation device 18 is provided on the liquid collecting device 17 to separate the wood vinegar into a wood vinegar storage tank 19. The distillation device 18 separates the water vapor and flue gas generated in the hot oil dry distillation kiln 4 into wood vinegar, and the wood vinegar is diluted and then transported to the wood vinegar spray deodorization device 2.

[0057] Compared with other garbage treatment technologies, this garbage distillation scheme has many advantages: first, there is no chimney in the garbage distillation process, and no waste gas and dioxins are discharged. Secondly, there is no waste gas emission and no other pollution. According to estimates, each ton of garbage incineration emits about 4,000-7,000 cubic meters of waste gas, all of which are greenhouse gases, causing climate change on the earth. A large amount of waste gas is also mixed with NOX, SOX, etc., which will constitute atmospheric pollution. The organic matter in the garbage distillation is decomposed by heat to generate combustible gases, which will be collected and utilized, so there is no waste gas emission and other pollution at all. Thirdly, the investment, operation and maintenance costs are low. There is no waste gas emission in garbage distillation, no need to build a large chimney, no need for smoke treatment; no fly ash, no need for fly ash treatment; no dioxin poisoning, no need for ash treatment; raw garbage is put into the furnace for distillation, no garbage pre-treatment is required, less heat is consumed, and no combustion aid is added. This solves the problem of large investment, high operating cost and high maintenance cost of garbage incineration. Finally, there is no need to change our country's garbage disposal habits, the garbage disposal site selection is not restricted, and the garbage can be digested on the spot. Therefore, this treatment method not only saves energy and time, but also improves the speed and efficiency of garbage disposal. In addition, garbage distillation can digest a variety of garbage. Since garbage distillation has no exhaust gas emissions and no pollution, it can not only treat mixed domestic garbage, but also industrial garbage, such as waste plastics, waste tires, kitchen waste, and even medical waste. Because garbage distillation has so many advantages, it will open up a garbage disposal without exhaust gas emissions and dioxin pollution.

[0058] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A method for treating garbage by dry distillation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. A wood vinegar spray deodorization device (2) is provided on the garbage pretreatment pool (1) to deodorize and sterilize the garbage; S2. The garbage is transported to a plurality of hot oil retorting kilns (4), and a thermal oil boiler (5) is used to heat the thermal oil pipe (6) in the hot oil retorting kiln (4); S3. In step S2, the heating of the plurality of hot oil retort kilns (4) is divided into three stages: low-temperature heating, medium-high-temperature heating, and high-temperature cracking heating, and an auxiliary heating chamber (9) capable of being connected to each of the hot oil retort kilns (4) is arranged outside the plurality of hot oil retort kilns (4), so that hot gas from the hot oil retort kiln (4) in the high-temperature cracking stage can be used through the auxiliary heating chamber (9) to perform auxiliary heating on the hot oil retort kiln (4) in the low-temperature heating stage; S4. A condenser (7) is provided to condense and separate the gases generated in each hot oil retorting kiln (4) to obtain condensed water, wood vinegar, tar and non-condensable gases, and an exhaust gas supply pipeline (8) is provided to connect the condenser (7) to the combustion chamber of the thermal oil boiler (5) to burn the non-condensable gases; A heat exchange oil pipe (10) capable of communicating with the heat transfer oil pipes (6) in the plurality of hot oil retort kilns (4) is arranged in the auxiliary heating chamber (9); a hot gas circulation system (11) communicating with the plurality of hot oil retort kilns (4) is arranged in the auxiliary heating chamber (9); the hot gas circulation system (11) is used to circulate gas between the auxiliary heating chamber (9) and the hot oil retort kilns (4) in the high-temperature cracking stage, and the hot gas in the heat exchange oil pipe (10) in the auxiliary heating chamber (9) is communicated with the heat transfer oil pipe (6) in the hot oil retort kilns (4) in the low-temperature heating stage, thereby heating the hot oil retort kilns (4) in the low-temperature heating stage; During the low-temperature heating stage, the temperature in the hot oil retort kiln (4) is set to 110-150°C, and the low-temperature heating lasts for 7-8 hours; during the medium-high temperature heating stage, the temperature in the hot oil retort kiln (4) is set to 150-250°C, and the medium-high temperature heating lasts for 6-8 hours; during the high-temperature heating stage, the temperature in the hot oil retort kiln (4) is set to above 300°C, and the high-temperature heating lasts for 5-6 hours.

2. A method for treating garbage by dry distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat transfer oil pipe (6) in the hot oil dry distillation kiln (4) during the medium and high temperature heating stage and the high temperature heating stage is connected to the oil pipe of the heat transfer oil boiler (5), and the oil temperature is set to be above 300°C; the heat transfer oil pipe (6) in the hot oil dry distillation kiln (4) during the low temperature heating stage is not connected to the oil pipe of the heat transfer oil boiler (5), the heat transfer oil pipe (6) in the hot oil dry distillation kiln (4) is connected via a heat exchange oil pipe (10), the auxiliary heating chamber (9) is connected to the hot oil dry distillation kiln (4) during the medium and high temperature heating stage via a hot gas circulation system (11), the heat exchange oil pipe (10) is heated by heat exchange, and thus the heat transfer oil pipe (6) in the hot oil dry distillation kiln (4) during the low temperature heating stage is heated.

3. A method for treating garbage by dry distillation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hot gas circulation system (11) comprises an air inlet pipe (12) and an air outlet pipe (13) provided in the auxiliary heating chamber (9) and connected to each of the hot oil retorting kilns (4), respectively; the air inlet pipe (12) is provided with an exhaust fan (14); the air outlet pipe (13) is provided with a condenser connecting pipe (20) connected to a condenser (7); and air valves are provided on the air inlet pipe (12), the air outlet pipe (13) and the condenser connecting pipe (20).

4. A method for treating garbage by dry distillation according to claim 3, characterized in that: By controlling the opening and closing of the gas valve and the operation of the exhaust fan (14), the temperature of the hot oil retorting kiln (4) in the low temperature heating stage is increased to 100-150° C. at a heating rate of 1-5° C. / min.

5. A method for treating garbage by dry distillation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat exchange oil pipe (10) is provided with an oil inlet branch pipe (15) and an oil outlet branch pipe (16) which are connected to the heat transfer oil pipes (6) in each of the hot oil retorting kilns (4); the oil inlet branch pipe (15) and the oil outlet branch pipe (16) are provided with electromagnetic oil valves; and the heat exchange oil pipe (10) is provided with an oil pump.

6. A method for treating garbage by dry distillation according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The condenser (7) is provided with a liquid collecting device (17), and the liquid collecting device (17) is provided with a distillation device (18) to separate the wood vinegar into a wood vinegar storage tank (19).

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