Cutting tools with replaceable cutting heads and methods for fixing replaceable cutting heads

Abstract

A cutting tool with a replaceable cutting head and a method for securing the replaceable cutting head are disclosed. The rotary cutting tool includes a tool shank, a replaceable cutting head mounted on the tool shank, a coupling pin, and an actuating member. In one embodiment, the coupling pin has a cylindrical portion with a reduced diameter portion defined by a pair of angled sidewalls separated by a bottom surface for cooperating with a non-threaded portion at one end of the actuating member. In another embodiment, the coupling pin has a cylindrical portion with a notch having a pair of sidewalls for cooperating with a truncated conical member at one end of the actuating member. During assembly, a pair of V-shaped contact surfaces on the cutting head engage a pair of opposing V-shaped contact surfaces on the tool shank to provide stability against momentum generated by cutting forces in two different directions and to securely hold the cutting head in place during machining operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] In general, this disclosure relates to cutting tools for performing machining operations on workpieces, and more specifically, to a modular rotary cutting tool having a replaceable cutting head and a method for securing the replaceable cutting head to the tool shank. Background Technology

[0002] Conventional cutting tools can be either single-part or multi-part designs. Cutting tools utilizing a retainer section or tool body along with separate replaceable cutting sections or inserts are particularly common and are referred to as modular cutting tools. Such modular cutting tools can have a wide variety of shapes and include, for example, drilling tools, milling tools, threading tools, etc.

[0003] A fundamental problem with modular rotary cutting tools, such as drilling rigs, is providing support to overcome the cutting forces that attempt to rotate the cutting head and pull it out of the tool shank. To address this fundamental problem, numerous solutions have been proposed in the field of modular drilling rigs. Some of these use a rotational principle to lock the cutting head (i.e., a replaceable cutting tip) in the tool shank. A major problem with these solutions is that the cutting head is held in the tool shank solely by forces generated by deformation of the tool shank walls. Therefore, high cutting forces in machining operations such as drilling, or some vibrations, can cause the cutting head to accidentally detach from the tool shank. Furthermore, the relatively low clamping force can shorten the lifespan of the cutting head.

[0004] A better solution would seem to be to hold the cutting head with screws. However, one problem with this solution is that the screw mechanism is complex, expensive, and requires a significant amount of space to assemble the screws, which reduces the rigidity of the cutting head and limits the application of the cutting tool, especially in small modular drilling rigs. Additionally, modular cutting tools may need to be removed from the machine to change the cutting head, increasing operating costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure describes a solution that more effectively supports the cutting forces generated during cutting operations to more safely retain the cutting head in the tool shank, while simplifying manufacturing and reducing costs. Another advantage is avoiding removal of the cutting tool from the machine when replacing the cutting head. Yet another advantage is reducing stress in the cutting tool during machining operations, which increases the tool's lifespan.

[0006] On one hand, a rotary cutting tool includes a tool shank having a recess and at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces. A cutting head is alternatively mounted in the recess of the tool shank. The cutting head includes at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces. A connecting pin is at least partially received within an opening in the tool shank. An actuating member engages the connecting pin and moves the cutting head relative to the tool shank. The at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank engages the at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the cutting head to distribute cutting forces in two different directions during machining operations.

[0007] On the other hand, the rotary cutting tool includes a tool shank having a recess and at least a pair of V-shaped contact surfaces formed relative to each other at a third angle A3. A cutting head is alternatively mounted in the recess of the tool shank, the cutting head further including at least a pair of V-shaped contact surfaces formed relative to each other at a fourth angle A4. A connecting pin is at least partially received within an opening in the tool shank. The connecting pin includes a threaded portion at one end and a cylindrical portion. The cylindrical portion includes a reduced diameter portion defined by a first angled sidewall, a second angled sidewall, and a bottom surface therebetween. An actuating member engages the connecting pin and moves the cutting head relative to the tool shank, the actuating member having a threaded portion at one end and a non-threaded portion at the opposite end. When the actuating member rotates in a first direction, the non-threaded portion of the actuating member engages one of the pair of angled sidewalls, and when the actuating member rotates in the first direction, at least a pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank engage at least a pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the cutting head.

[0008] On another front, the rotary cutting tool includes a tool shank having a recess and at least a pair of V-shaped contact surfaces formed relative to each other at a third angle A3. A cutting head is alternatively mounted in the recess of the tool shank, the cutting head further including at least a pair of V-shaped contact surfaces formed relative to each other at a fourth angle A4. A connecting pin is at least partially received within an opening in the tool shank. The connecting pin includes a threaded portion at one end, a reduced-diameter portion at the opposite end, a cylindrical portion disposed between the threaded portion and the reduced-diameter portion, and a recess formed in the cylindrical portion, the recess being defined by a first sidewall, a second sidewall, and a bottom surface therebetween. An actuating member engages the connecting pin and moves the cutting head relative to the tool shank, the actuating member having a threaded portion at one end and a truncated conical front portion at the opposite end, the truncated conical front portion having a first angled surface and a second angled surface. When the actuating member rotates in a first direction, the first angled surface of the actuating member engages the first sidewall of the recess. When the actuating member rotates in the second direction, the second angled surface of the actuating member engages with the second sidewall of the notch, the second direction being opposite to the first direction. When the actuating member rotates in the first direction, at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank engage with at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the cutting head. When the actuating member rotates in the second direction, at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank do not engage with at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the cutting head. Attached Figure Description

[0009] While various embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown, the specific embodiments illustrated should not be construed as limiting the claims. Various changes and modifications are expected without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0010] Figure 1 This is an exploded side view of a rotary cutting tool (e.g., a modular drilling rig) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0011] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An enlarged side view of the tool shank and cutting head;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a side perspective view of the tool shank and cutting head when the V-shaped contact surfaces are aligned with each other, according to an aspect of this disclosure;

[0013] Figure 4 This is another side perspective view of the tool shank and cutting head when the V-shaped contact surfaces are aligned with each other, according to an aspect of this disclosure;

[0014] Figure 5 This is a rear perspective view of a cutting head according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 6 This is a front perspective view of the tool handle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 7 According to an embodiment of this disclosure, along the central longitudinal axis C L The captured non-actuated position Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a cutting tool, showing the actuating element engaging the connecting pin to move the cutting head relative to the tool shank;

[0017] Figure 8 This is an exploded side view of a rotary cutting tool (e.g., a modular drilling rig) according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, which has the same characteristics as... Figure 1 Compared to different connecting pins and actuating components, the rotary cutting tool in the middle;

[0018] Figure 9 According to an embodiment of this disclosure, along the central longitudinal axis C L Cut off Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of a cutting tool, showing an actuating member engaging a connecting pin to move the cutting head relative to the tool shank; and

[0019] Figure 10 According to an embodiment of this disclosure, along the central longitudinal axis C L Cut off Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of a cutting tool, showing an actuating element engaging a connecting pin to move the cutting head in the opposite direction relative to the tool shank. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Now see Figure 1-7 This illustration shows a rotary cutting tool 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In general, the rotary cutting tool 10 includes a modular drill rig, which includes a tool shank 12 and a replaceable cutting head 14, the replaceable cutting head engaging the tool shank 12 when the modular drill 10 is assembled. While the cutting tool 10 in the illustrated embodiment includes a modular drill rig, it should be recognized that the principles of this disclosure can be applied to any rotary cutting tool with replaceable cutting tips in metal cutting operations, such as milling tools or other types of rotary tools, such as reamers, taps, etc. Furthermore, the description of specific applications herein should not limit the scope and extent of the use of rotary cutting tools.

[0021] Directional phrases used herein, such as left, right, front, back, top, bottom, and their derivatives, relate to the orientation of the elements shown in the accompanying drawings and do not limit the claims unless expressly stated herein. In all the drawings, the same parts have the same reference numerals.

[0022] As used herein and throughout the claims, approximate language may be applied to modify any quantitative expression that may be varied in manner without altering its associated essential function. Therefore, values ​​modified by words such as “about,” “approximately,” and “generally” are not limited to the specified exact values. In at least some cases, approximate terms may correspond to the precision of the instrument used to measure said value. Scope limitations may be combined and / or interchanged herein and throughout the specification and claims, and unless otherwise indicated by context or language, such scopes are determined and include all subscopes contained herein.

[0023] Throughout the text and claims, the use of the word “about” in relation to ranges of values ​​(e.g., “about 22 wt% to 35 wt%”) is intended to modify both the high and low values ​​listed and to reflect the degree of ambiguity associated with variations in measurement, significant figures, and interchangeability, all of which should be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0024] For the purposes of this specification (except in operational examples), unless otherwise stated, all numerical values ​​representing quantities and ranges of components, process conditions, etc., should in all cases be understood to be modified by the term "about". Therefore, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters listed in this specification and the appended claims are approximations, which may vary depending on the desired results sought to be obtained by this disclosure. To a minimum, and without attempting to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalence to the scope of the claims, each numerical parameter should be interpreted at least according to the number of significant figures reported and by applying general rounding techniques. Furthermore, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "described" are intended to include plural indicators unless explicitly and unambiguously limited to a single indicator.

[0025] While the numerical ranges and parameters described in this disclosure are approximate, the numerical values ​​illustrated in specific examples are reported as precisely as possible. However, any numerical value inherently contains some error, which must be caused by the standard deviation found in their respective test measurements (including the standard deviation found in the measuring instrument). Similarly, it should be understood that any numerical range listed herein is intended to include all subranges contained therein. For example, the range "1 to 10" is intended to include all subranges between the listed minimum value 1 and the listed maximum value 10, and to include both said minimum and maximum values; that is, the range having a minimum value equal to or greater than 1 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10. Because the disclosed numerical ranges are continuous, they include every value between the minimum and maximum values. Unless otherwise expressly stated, the various numerical ranges specified in this application are approximate.

[0026] In the following description and claims, several terms with the following meanings are referenced.

[0027] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “a,” and “the” contain plural references.

[0028] "Optional" or "optionally" means that the event or situation described below may or may not occur, and the description includes instances where the event occurs and instances where the event does not occur.

[0029] As used in this article, the terms “elongated” or “slender” are defined as something that is longer than its width. In other words, its width is less than its length.

[0030] As used herein, the term "circle" is defined as an object having a circular shape, that is, an object with a simple closed shape. It is the set of points in a plane at a given distance from a given point and from the center; equivalently, it is the curve drawn by points moving in the plane such that their distance from the given point remains constant. The distance between any point and the center is called the radius.

[0031] As used in this article, a “pair of angled surfaces” is defined as any two surfaces that are not parallel to each other, that is, that they form a positive angle.

[0032] As used in this article, a screw is defined as a threaded fastener having a tapered or non-tapered shank with helical threads and being driven by rotating the shank with a tool.

[0033] Now for reference Figure 1 and 2 The modular drilling rig 10 has four basic components:

[0034] 1) Tool handle 12;

[0035] 2) Cutting head 14;

[0036] 3) Connecting pin 16; and

[0037] 4) Actuating component 18.

[0038] It should be noted that the connecting pin 16 can be integrally formed with the cutting head 14, and therefore the modular drilling rig 10 can consist of only three basic components.

[0039] Now for reference Figure 1-7 The cutting head 14 provides two grooves with opposite diameters, although only one groove is visible in some figures. The visible groove has a lateral recess forming part of the groove formed in the cutting head 14 or a portion of the cutting head groove portion 20. Corresponding or complementary lateral recesses or shank groove portions 22 are formed in the shank 12.

[0040] exist Figure 1-4In the depiction, the cutting head groove portion 20 appears at the front end 30 of the cutting tool 10. The front end 30 is defined semantically and is the end that engages the workpiece (not shown) during the cutting operation. During the cutting operation, the cutting tool 10 is mounted in a rotating cutting tool, rotates as the cutting progresses, and gradually advances into the workpiece (not shown). The end of the cutting head 14 opposite the front end 30 is called the rear end 32. The terms "front end" and "rear end" are the same semantic device applied to both the shaft 12 and the cutting head 14, as they indicate relative to the central longitudinal axis C. L The orientation is not specific to any particular structure. The front end 30 is the end that penetrates the workpiece (not shown), and the rear end 32 is the end opposite to the front end 30.

[0041] The portion of the shank 12 that connects to and rotates the cutting head 14 is referred to as the recess 34. The main elements of the recess 34 include two generally symmetrical and similar crenellated wall sections 36, 38. Wall section 36 will be described, and it should be understood that wall section 38 is its generally symmetrical counterpart. Each wall section 36, 38 is essentially a continuous portion of the body of the shank 12, projecting upwards from the central base plate portion 40 of the shank 12 along its outer periphery. Each wall section 36, 38 has a smooth outer surface 42 that conforms to and generally extends in common with the generally cylindrical outer surface of the cutting tool 10. An opening 44 extends downwards from the central base plate portion 40 of the tool shank 12 to accommodate a portion of the connecting pin 16.

[0042] Each wall section 36, 38 has a planar vertically angled retaining surface 46, 48 and undercuts 50, 52 respectively between the vertically angled retaining surface 46, 48 and the central base plate portion 40. The term "vertically angled" is defined relative to the central longitudinal axis C of the cutting tool 10. L It is formed at a non-zero angle A1 (i.e., non-parallel). In other words, the angle A1 of the vertically angled retaining surfaces 46 and 48 is not equal to 90 degrees relative to the center base plate portion 40 of the tool shank 12 (i.e., non-perpendicular). Figure 2 As shown, the angle A1 of the retaining surfaces 46, 48 can be between approximately 92 degrees and approximately 95 degrees relative to the central base plate portion 40 of the tool shank 12. The undercuts 50, 52 located between the central base plate portion 40 and the retaining surfaces 46, 48 provide a smooth transition between the central base plate portion 40 and the retaining surfaces 46, 48, thereby reducing stress caused by the interference fit between the tool shank 12 and the cutting head 12 and reducing the force applied to the cutting tool 10 during machining operations. In the illustrated embodiment, the undercuts 50, 52 have an arcuate profile. However, it should be appreciated that the undercuts 50, 52 can have any desired profile to reduce stress and force to provide breakage or release between the central base plate portion 40 and the retaining surfaces 46, 48.

[0043] On one hand, each wall segment 36, 38 has a pair of V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56 separated by an undercut 58. One pair of V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56 is positioned relative to (i.e., 180 degrees from) another pair of V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56. As described in more detail below, each pair of V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56 is complementary in shape to the V-shaped contact surface of the cutting head 14. Although two pairs of V-shaped contact surfaces are shown in the illustrated embodiment, it should be appreciated that this disclosure can be practiced with any desired number of V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56.

[0044] like Figure 3 and 7 As shown, a pair of V-shaped contact surfaces 54 and 56 intersect at axis 84, which is located in the axial direction parallel to the central longitudinal axis C. L On the vertical plane PV. However, the vertical plane PV is located from the central longitudinal axis C. L An offset of a certain distance D is made to optimize axial support and the transmission of torque generated during cutting operations. Furthermore, axis 84 is not perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis C in the radial direction. L This improves the centering of the cutting head 14 relative to the tool shank 12 when the cutting head 14 is mounted on the tool shank 12.

[0045] like Figure 6 As shown, the V-shaped contact surfaces 54 and 56 are formed at an angle A3 ranging from approximately 50 degrees to approximately 130 degrees. Figure 3 As shown, contact surface 54 is positioned at an upward angle A6 relative to the horizontal plane PH, ranging from approximately 45 degrees to approximately 85 degrees. In other words, contact surface 54 is angled upward toward the front conical surface 64 of the cutting head 14. In contrast, contact surface 56 is positioned at an upward angle A7 relative to the horizontal plane PH, ranging from approximately 95 degrees to approximately 135 degrees. It should be noted that the horizontal plane PH is substantially perpendicular to the vertical plane PV. Undercut 58 provides a continuous and smooth transition between contact surfaces 54 and 56, which allows for reduced stress during machining operations. Additionally, when mounted on the tool shank 12, undercut 58 provides clearance for the cutting head 14. In the illustrated embodiment, undercut 58 has an arcuate profile. However, it should be appreciated that undercut 58 can have any desired profile to provide a smooth transition between contact surfaces 54 and 56.

[0046] The cutting head 14 has at least two main cutting edges 60 (in Figure 1 The outer surface 62 is generally cylindrical, with only one main cutting edge visible in the middle, and the front conical surface 64 is interrupted or incomplete due to the presence of the groove 20.

[0047] The cutting head 14 has a shank connection portion opposite to, or in other words, facing the rear end 32 of the cutting head 14, which is in the form of an interlocking member arranged to retain the cutting head 14 within a recess 34 of the shank 12. Figure 1-7 In one embodiment, the interlocking member includes a generally truncated conical member 66, which extends along the central longitudinal axis C. L Centered.

[0048] The truncated conical member 66 provides an interlocking member corresponding to and engaging with the recess 34, which acts as an interlocking member for the shank 12. The truncated conical member 66 is so named because of its characteristic truncated conical surface 68 formed at an angle A2 relative to the bottom surface 70 of the cutting head 14. Figure 2 As shown, the angle A2 of the truncated conical surface 68 can be between approximately 92 degrees and approximately 95 degrees relative to the central base plate portion 40 of the tool shank 12. Figure 2 As shown, angle A2 may be different from angle A1 between the center base plate portion 40 and the retaining surfaces 46, 48. For example, angle A1 may be approximately 92 degrees, and angle A2 may be approximately 93 degrees.

[0049] When the cutting head 14 is assembled into the shank 12, the dimensional difference between the two truncated conical components 66 and 68 causes an interference fit and relative to the central longitudinal axis C. L This ensures that the cutting head 14 is accurately centered. As a result, when the conical surfaces 46 and 48 make initial contact before achieving final clamping, the V-shaped contact surfaces 54 and 56, which are complementary in shape to the V-shaped contact surfaces 76 and 78 of the cutting head 14, are separated by a distance “d” (measured in the axial direction). Once the distance “d” closes, the truncated conical components 66 and 68 will form an interference fit.

[0050] The truncated conical member 66 includes a chamfer 72 extending between the truncated conical surface 68 and the bottom surface 70 of the cylindrical member 66. The chamfer 72 provides clearance for the cutting head when the cutting head 14 is mounted on the shaft 12. The truncated conical member 66 also includes a lateral recess 74 that modifies the truncated conical surface 68 and forms part of the cutting head recess portion 20.

[0051] On the other hand, the cutting head 14 has two pairs of V-shaped contact surfaces 76, 78 separated by a radial surface 80. Figure 4 (Only one pair is visible). A pair of V-shaped contact surfaces 76, 78 are positioned opposite (i.e., 180 degrees) to another pair of V-shaped contact surfaces 76, 78. The V-shaped contact surfaces 76, 78 of the cutting head 14 and the V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56 of the tool shank 12 are complementary in shape and cooperate. Although two pairs of V-shaped contact surfaces are shown in the illustrated embodiment, it should be appreciated that this disclosure can be practiced with a single pair of V-shaped contact surfaces 76, 78.

[0052] Similar to the V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56 of the shank 12, the V-shaped contact surfaces 76, 78 of the cutting head 14 are formed at an angle A4 relative to each other, ranging from approximately 50 degrees to approximately 130 degrees. The radial surface 80 provides a continuous and smooth transition between the contact surfaces 76, 78, which allows for reduced stress generated during machining operations. Additionally, the radial surface 80 cooperates with the undercut 58 of the tool shank 12.

[0053] One benefit and advantage of the cutting tool 10 disclosed herein is that when the cutting head 14 is mounted on the tool shank 12, the V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56 of the tool shank 12 contact the V-shaped contact surfaces 76, 78 of the cutting head 14. For example... Figure 3 As shown, during machining operations, cutting forces are generated in both the x and y directions. Compared to conventional cutting tools, the contact between the V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56, 76, and 78 provides greater stability against the cutting forces generated during machining operations. This is because, unlike conventional cutting tools where the force is only in one direction, the V-shaped support of the contact surfaces 54, 56, 76, and 78 of the cutting tool 10 is supported by the momentum generated by the cutting forces in both the x and y directions. When the cutting head is driven toward the workpiece, the contact force between surfaces 78 and 54 keeps the surface 76 of the cutting head engaged with the surface 56 of the tool shank, thus preventing relative movement between the cutting head and the tool shank. This is especially important when the tool initially engages with the workpiece and the torque is low (only the tip of the cutting insert is cutting).

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, a threaded opening 82 is formed in the bottom surface 70 of the cutting head 14. Therefore, when assembling the cutting tool 10, the cutting head 14 and the connecting pin 16 are screwed together. Both the cutting head 14 and the connecting pin 16 can be supplied together for assembly because the manufacturing cost of the connecting pin 16 is very low compared to the cutting head 14.

[0055] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in 5 and 7, a chamfered surface 86 may be formed between the truncated conical surface 68 and the downward-facing V-shaped contact surfaces 76, 78 to provide a smooth transition therebetween and to provide crack resistance.

[0056] like Figure 1As shown, the actuating member 18 includes a threaded member, such as a screw or bolt, and has a threaded portion 88 at one end and a non-threaded portion 90 at the opposite end. Additionally, the connecting pin 16 has a threaded portion 24 at one end, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 26 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the opening 44 in the tool shank 12, allowing the cylindrical portion 26 to be at least partially disposed therein. The cylindrical portion 26 has a recessed portion 28 with a pair of angled sidewalls 28a, 28b and a bottom surface or base surface 28c therebetween.

[0057] like Figure 1 and 7 As shown, the threaded portion 24 can be received in the threaded opening 82 of the cutting head 14. Once the connecting pin 16 is properly screwed into the cutting head 14, the cutting head 14 can be assembled to the tool shank 12. To assemble the cutting head 14 to the tool shank 12, the operator can hold the cutting head 14 with one hand and move it along... Figure 3 The arrow in the diagram points downwards towards the tool shank 12, moving the cutting head 14 downwards. (Example:) Figure 3 and 4 As shown, during movement, the V-shaped contact surfaces 76 and 78 of the cutting head 14 align the cutting head 14 with the corresponding V-shaped contact surfaces 54 and 56 of the tool shank 12.

[0058] Once the V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56, 76, and 78 are aligned with each other, the operator screws the actuating component 18 into the threaded opening 92 in the tool shank 12. Figure 7 As shown, rotating the actuating member 18 in a first direction, such as clockwise, causes the actuating member 18 to move in the direction of arrow 94. Conversely, rotating the actuating member 18 in a second opposite direction, such as counterclockwise, causes the actuating member 18 to move in the direction opposite to that of arrow 94.

[0059] As the actuating member 18 moves in the direction of arrow 94, the non-threaded portion 90 of the actuating member 18 eventually engages one of the angled sidewalls 28a, 28b of the connecting pin 16. This causes the cutting head 14 to move downward relative to the tool shank 12 in the direction of arrow 96, thereby reducing the distance "d" between the bottom surface 70 of the cutting head 14 and the central base plate portion 40 of the tool shank 12. The actuating member 18 is screwed into the tool shank 12 until any or all of the bottom surfaces 70 and any or all of the central base plate portions 40 are abutted against each other. Simultaneously, any or all of the V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56, 76, 78 are abutted against each other. At this point, the cutting tool 10 is positioned in the actuated position and is thus properly and securely mounted on the tool shank 12, ready for operation.

[0060] Due to reasons such as wear, the removal of the cutting head 14 from the tool shank 12 can be achieved in the following manner. First, the actuating member 18 rotates in a second direction (opposite to arrow 94) to move the cutting head 14 relative to the tool shank 12 to place the cutting tool 10 in a non-actuated position. Then, as... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the cutting head 14 is rotated counterclockwise using a wrench (not shown), which engages a pair of tool recesses or notches 98 on opposite sides of the cutting head 14. Thus, the cutting head 14 and the connecting pin 16 eventually translate away from the tool shank 12. However, each rotation of the cutting head 14 causes wear on the tool shank 12. Furthermore, depending on the interference fit between the tool shank 12 and the cutting head 14, excessive torque may be required to rotate the cutting head 12, which can cause some difficulty for the operator.

[0061] In addition to providing high stability against cutting forces during machining operations, the V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56, 76, and 78 also act as ramps to increase mechanical advantages compared to conventional cutting tools, and help to push the cutting head 14 with less rotation during removal of the cutting head 14 from the tool shank 12. For example, it may only require rotating the cutting head 14 about 60 degrees to remove it from the tool shank 12.

[0062] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited by the design of the connecting pin 16 and the actuating member 18, and that this disclosure can be used with any design practice, provided that the connecting pin 16 cooperates with the actuating member 18 to achieve downward movement of the cutting head 14 relative to the tool shank 12. For example, Figure 8-10 It shows Figure 1-7 An alternative embodiment of the cutting tool 10.

[0063] Now see Figure 8-10 This illustrates a cutting tool 100 according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure, such as a modular drilling rig. Similar to the first embodiment, the second embodiment includes four basic components:

[0064] 1) Tool handle 12;

[0065] 2) Cutting head 14;

[0066] 3) Connecting pin 116; and

[0067] 4) Actuating component 118.

[0068] The second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, but the pin 116 and actuating member 118 in the second embodiment are different from the pin 16 and actuating member 18 in the first embodiment.

[0069] Similar to pin 16, pin 116 has a threaded portion 124 at one end, a cylindrical portion 126, and a reduced diameter portion 128. However, the notch portion 28 of the first embodiment has angled sidewalls 28a, 28b that are absent in the second embodiment. Conversely, the cylindrical portion 126 and the reduced diameter portion 128 of pin 116 in the second embodiment are generally elongated to increase rigidity to support clamping forces. Additionally, the reduced diameter portion 128 facilitates movement along the central longitudinal axis C of the cutting tool 100. L Align the cutting head 14 and the tool shank 12.

[0070] The cylindrical portion 126 of pin 116 includes a recess 130 defined by a pair of sidewalls 130a, 130b and a bottom surface or base surface 130c therebetween. The sidewalls 130a, 130b may be parallel or non-parallel to each other. Additionally, the sidewalls 130a, 130b may be perpendicular or not perpendicular to the bottom surface 130c. In the illustrated embodiment, the sidewalls 130a, 130b are not parallel to each other, i.e., the sidewalls 130a, 130b form a non-zero angle relative to each other. Furthermore, the sidewalls 130a, 130b are not perpendicular to the bottom surface 130c, i.e., the sidewalls 130a, 130b form an angle not equal to 90 degrees relative to the bottom surface 130c. In the illustrated embodiment, each of the sidewalls 130a, 130b forms an angle greater than 90 degrees relative to the bottom surface 130c. Therefore, the sidewalls 130a, 130b diverge from each other as they move away from the bottom surface 130c.

[0071] Similar to actuating member 18, actuating member 118 has a threaded portion 188 at one end. Unlike actuating member 18, which has a non-threaded portion 90 at the opposite end, actuating member 118 has a spherical front portion 190 defined by a pair of truncated conical surfaces 190a, 190b. Specifically, the truncated conical surfaces 190a, 190b are arranged adjacent to each other and, in an embodiment, are separated by a thin cylindrical strip with a diameter equal to the maximum diameter of each of the truncated conical surfaces 190a, 190b (as shown). It should be noted that the truncated conical surface 190b is positioned closer to the threaded portion 188 than the truncated conical surface 190a.

[0072] Similar to the threaded portion 24 of the connecting pin 16, the threaded portion 124 of the connecting pin 116 can be received in the threaded hole 82 of the cutting head 14, such as... Figure 8-10 As shown in the diagram. Once the connecting pin 116 is properly screwed into the cutting head 14, the cutting head 14 can be assembled to the tool shank 12. Similar to the previous embodiment, once the V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56, 76, 78 are aligned with each other, the operator moves the actuating member 18 along... Figure 9 Screw it into the threaded opening 92 in the tool handle 12 in the direction of arrow 94.

[0073] Rotation of the actuating member 118 in a first direction, such as clockwise, causes the actuating member 118 to move relative to the tool shank 12 in the direction of arrow 94. As the actuating member 118 moves in the direction of arrow 94, the truncated conical front portion 190 of the actuating member 118 ultimately engages one of the sidewalls 130a, 130b of the connecting pin 116, causing the cutting head 14 to move downward in the direction of arrow 96. Due to the downward movement of the cutting head 14 relative to the tool shank 12, the distance d between the bottom surface 70 of the cutting head 14 and the central base plate portion 40 of the tool shank 12 decreases. Specifically, the angled surface 190a of the truncated conical front portion 190 of the actuating member 118 engages the sidewall 130a of the connecting pin 116. Figure 10 As shown, the actuating member 118 is screwed into the tool shank 12 until any or all of the bottom surfaces 70 and any or all of the central base plate portions 40 are adjacent to each other. Simultaneously, any or all of the V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56, 76, and 78 are adjacent to each other. At this point, the cutting head 14 is positioned in the actuated position and thus securely mounted on the tool shank 12, ready for operation.

[0074] Due to reasons such as wear, the removal of the cutting head 14 from the tool shank 12 can be achieved in the following manner: The actuating member 118 rotates in a second direction opposite to the first direction, such as counterclockwise, causing the actuating member 118 to rotate along... Figure 10 The actuating member 118 moves in the direction of arrow 194. When the actuating member 118 moves in the direction of arrow 194, the truncated conical front portion 190 of the actuating member 118 engages the connecting pin 116, causing the connecting pin 116 to move in the upward direction indicated by arrow 196. Specifically, the angled surface 190b of the truncated conical front portion 190 of the actuating member 118 engages the sidewall 130b of the notch 130 in the connecting pin 116, thereby causing the cutting head 14 to move relative to the tool shank 12 in the direction of arrow 196. In this embodiment, with Figure 1-7 Unlike the previous embodiment shown, no wrench is required to rotate the cutting head 14 relative to the tool handle 12.

[0075] In addition to providing high stability against cutting forces in different directions (i.e., the x and y directions) during machining operations, the V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56, 76, and 78 also act as guides for positioning the cutting head before final clamping. Unlike conventional modular cutting tools, rotation of the cutting head 14 is unnecessary for clamping. Figure 8-10 In the embodiment shown, rotation of the cutting head 14 is not required to completely remove the cutting head 14 from the tool shank 12.

[0076] As described above, the cutting tools 10 and 100 of this disclosure have the following benefits and advantages:

[0077] 1) The V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56, 76, and 78 provide high stability against the cutting forces generated during machining operations.

[0078] 2) Cutting tools 10 and 100 are easy to manufacture, thereby reducing manufacturing costs.

[0079] 3) The V-shaped contact surfaces 54, 56, 76, and 78 serve as guide surfaces during the mounting of the cutting head 14 to the tool shank 12.

[0080] 4) When the tool shank may deform due to the cutting forces generated during machining operations, the interference fit between the cutting head 14 and the tool shank 12 helps to maintain their contact during machining operations.

[0081] 5) The torque generated during the movement of the actuating components 18 and 118 can be controlled by a torque wrench.

[0082] 6) Due to damage, removing the cutting head 14 does not require rotation of the cutting head 14.

[0083] 7) Finite element analysis (FEA) simulations show that, compared with conventional cutting tools, the tool shank 12 and cutting head 14 exhibit lower stress during machining operations, thereby extending tool life.

[0084] Although the present preferred embodiments have been described, this disclosure may be practiced in other ways within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A rotary cutting tool, comprising: A tool handle having a recess and at least a pair of V-shaped contact surfaces; A cutting head, which is alternatively mounted in a recess of the tool shank, further comprising at least a pair of V-shaped contact surfaces; A connecting pin, which is at least partially received within an opening in the tool handle; as well as An actuating member for engaging the connecting pin and moving the cutting head relative to the tool shank. The tool shank has at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces that engage with at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the cutting head to distribute cutting forces in two different directions during machining operations.

2. The rotary cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank are formed relative to each other at a third angle A3, and wherein at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the cutting head are formed relative to each other at a fourth angle A4.

3. The rotary cutting tool according to claim 2, wherein the third angle A3 is in the range of 50 degrees to 130 degrees, and wherein the fourth angle A4 is in the range of 50 degrees to 130 degrees.

4. The rotary cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein one of the at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank is formed at an upward angle A6 relative to the horizontal plane PH, and wherein the other surface of the at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank is formed at an upward angle A7 relative to the horizontal plane PH, the angle A7 being different from the angle A6.

5. The rotary cutting tool according to claim 4, wherein the angle A6 is in the range of 45 degrees to 85 degrees, and wherein the angle A7 is in the range of 95 degrees to 135 degrees.

6. The rotary cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the connecting pin includes a threaded portion at one end and a cylindrical portion, the cylindrical portion including a reduced diameter portion defined by a first angled sidewall, a second angled sidewall, and a bottom surface between the two sidewalls.

7. The rotary cutting tool according to claim 6, wherein the actuating member has a threaded portion at one end and a non-threaded portion at the opposite end.

8. The rotary cutting tool of claim 7, wherein when the actuating member rotates in a first direction, the non-threaded portion of the actuating member engages one of the first angled sidewall and the second angled sidewall.

9. The rotary cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the connecting pin includes a threaded portion at one end, a reduced diameter portion at the opposite end, a cylindrical portion disposed between the threaded portion and the reduced diameter portion, and a recess formed in the cylindrical portion, the recess being defined by a first sidewall, a second sidewall, and a bottom surface between the first sidewall and the second sidewall.

10. The rotary cutting tool of claim 9, wherein the actuating member has a threaded portion at one end and a truncated conical front portion at the opposite end, the truncated conical front portion having a first angled surface and a second angled surface.

11. The rotary cutting tool of claim 10, wherein when the actuating member rotates in a first direction, a first angled surface of the actuating member engages a first sidewall of the notch, and wherein when the actuating member rotates in a second direction, a second angled surface of the actuating member engages a second sidewall of the notch, the second direction being opposite to the first direction.

12. The rotary cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the tool shank has a plurality of retaining surfaces, each retaining surface being formed at a first angle A1 relative to the central base plate portion of the recess, and wherein the cutting head has a plurality of truncated conical surfaces, each truncated conical surface being formed at a second angle A2 different from the first angle A1.

13. The rotary cutting tool according to claim 12, wherein the first angle A1 is between 92 degrees and 93 degrees, and wherein the second angle A2 is between 92 degrees and 93 degrees.

14. The rotary cutting tool of claim 12, further comprising undercutting between each retaining surface and the central base plate portion.

15. The rotary cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the connecting pin is integrally formed with the cutting head.

16. A rotary cutting tool, comprising: A tool handle having a recess and at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces formed relative to each other at a third angle A3; A cutting head, alternatively mounted in a recess of the tool shank, the cutting head further comprising at least a pair of V-shaped contact surfaces formed relative to each other at a fourth angle A4; A connecting pin, which is at least partially received within an opening in the tool handle, the connecting pin including a threaded portion at one end and a cylindrical portion including a reduced diameter portion defined by a first angled sidewall, a second angled sidewall, and a bottom surface between the two sidewalls; as well as An actuating member for engaging the connecting pin and moving the cutting head relative to the tool shank, the actuating member having a threaded portion at one end and a non-threaded portion at the opposite end. When the actuating member rotates along the first direction, the non-threaded portion of the actuating member engages one of a pair of angled sidewalls, and When the actuating member rotates along the first direction, at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank engage at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the cutting head.

17. The rotary cutting tool of claim 16, wherein the tool shank has a plurality of retaining surfaces, each retaining surface being formed at a first angle A1 relative to the central base plate portion of the recess, and wherein the cutting head has a plurality of truncated conical surfaces, each truncated conical surface being formed at a second angle A2 different from the first angle A1 for each retaining surface.

18. The rotary cutting tool of claim 16, wherein one of the at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank is formed at an upward angle A6 relative to the horizontal plane PH, and wherein the other surface of the at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank is formed at an upward angle A7 relative to the horizontal plane PH, the angle A7 being different from the angle A6.

19. The rotary cutting tool of claim 18, wherein the angle A6 is in the range of 45 degrees to 85 degrees, and wherein the angle A7 is in the range of 95 degrees to 135 degrees.

20. A rotary cutting tool, comprising: A tool handle having a recess and at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces formed relative to each other at a third angle A3; A cutting head, alternatively mounted in a recess of the tool shank, the cutting head further comprising at least a pair of V-shaped contact surfaces formed relative to each other at a fourth angle A4; A connecting pin, which is at least partially received within an opening in the tool handle, the connecting pin including a threaded portion at one end, a reduced diameter portion at the opposite end, a cylindrical portion disposed between the threaded portion and the reduced diameter portion, and a recess formed in the cylindrical portion, the recess being defined by a first sidewall, a second sidewall, and a bottom surface between the first sidewall and the second sidewall; as well as An actuating member for engaging the connecting pin and moving the cutting head relative to the tool shank, the actuating member having a threaded portion at one end and a truncated conical front portion at the opposite end, the truncated conical front portion having a first angled surface and a second angled surface. When the actuating member rotates along the first direction, the first angled surface of the actuating member engages with the first sidewall of the recess. When the actuating member rotates along the second direction, the second angled surface of the actuating member engages with the second sidewall of the recess, the second direction being opposite to the first direction. When the actuating member rotates along the first direction, at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank engage with at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the cutting head, and When the actuating member rotates along the second direction, at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank do not engage with at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the cutting head.

21. The rotary cutting tool of claim 20, wherein the tool shank has a plurality of retaining surfaces, each retaining surface being formed at a first angle A1 relative to the central base plate portion of the recess, and wherein the cutting head has a plurality of truncated conical surfaces, each truncated conical surface being formed at a second angle A2 different from the first angle A1 for each retaining surface.

22. The rotary cutting tool of claim 20, wherein one of the at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank is formed at an upward angle A6 relative to the horizontal plane PH, and wherein the other surface of the at least one pair of V-shaped contact surfaces of the tool shank is formed at an upward angle A7 relative to the horizontal plane PH, the angle A7 being different from the angle A6.

23. The rotary cutting tool of claim 22, wherein the angle A6 is in the range of 45 degrees to 85 degrees, and wherein the angle A7 is in the range of 95 degrees to 135 degrees.

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