A method and device for measuring large-caliber heavy oil mixed phase flow

Abstract

The present application discloses a large-caliber heavy oil mixed phase flow measurement method and device, the method comprising: heavy oil mixed phase fluid flows out from an oil and gas well through a pipeline, the heavy oil mixed phase fluid comprising at least two fluid media; measuring the total flow of the throttling differential pressure of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid passing through a streamlined spindle; performing at least four-level photon measurement on the heavy oil mixed phase fluid through a multi-level photon phase analyzer to obtain the linear mass of each fluid medium; obtaining the fluid medium flow of each fluid medium according to the total throttling differential pressure flow and the linear mass of each fluid medium. The present application does not require sampling and separation and testing of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid, and can measure the fluid medium flow corresponding to all fluid media, thus realizing online measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of industrial mixed-phase fluid measurement, and in particular to a method and device for measuring large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow. Background Art

[0002] The scientific definition of heavy oil is crude oil with a viscosity of less than 50mPa·s under reservoir conditions or a viscosity greater than 100mPa·s after degassing. The formation of heavy oil is very complex. The biggest difference between heavy oil and ordinary crude oil lies in the degree of biodegradation. The higher the degree of degradation, the easier it is to form heavy oil.

[0003] Commonly used heavy oil single well metering methods are separation metering and tipping bucket oil metering. Separation metering generally uses a traditional test separator to separate the heavy oil into three phases of oil, gas and water or two phases of gas and water before metering. Tipping bucket oil metering is a mechanical method with moving parts.

[0004] However, due to the characteristics of heavy oil itself, the separator has a relatively poor separation effect on heavy oil. The gas remaining in the water body after separation will cause a large error in measuring the flow rate using a water phase flow meter or a volume flow meter. In addition, the oil and water in the water phase of heavy oil are not easy to separate. It is difficult to completely separate the three phases of oil, gas and water. It is also a challenge to separate the two phases of gas and water and determine the water content in the water phase. Therefore, the offline sampling and analysis method is generally used to determine the water content in the heavy oil, but this cannot achieve real-time online measurement of the water content. The tipping bucket oil metering method has a large measurement error for heavy oil with high viscosity, unsatisfactory effect, high failure rate, and requires offline sampling and analysis to determine the water content in the heavy oil to calculate the oil-water flow rate, which fails to truly achieve real-time online measurement of water content and real-time online measurement of oil, gas and water. Therefore, neither the separation metering method nor the tipping bucket oil metering method can meet the online measurement of the flow of each fluid medium in the heavy oil mixed phase fluid. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to achieve online flow measurement of each fluid medium in a heavy oil mixed-phase fluid, the present application provides a large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow measurement method and device.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a method for measuring the flow rate of large-caliber heavy oil mixed phase, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for measuring large-caliber heavy oil mixed phase flow rate, comprising:

[0008] A heavy oil miscible fluid flows out from an oil and gas well through the pipeline, wherein the heavy oil miscible fluid comprises at least two fluid media;

[0009] measuring the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid passing through the streamlined spindle;

[0010] The multi-energy-level photon phase analyzer is used to measure at least four energy-level photons of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid to obtain the linear quality of each fluid medium;

[0011] According to the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure and the linear mass of each fluid medium, the fluid medium flow rate of each fluid medium is obtained.

[0012] Optionally, the measuring of the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid passing through the streamlined spindle comprises:

[0013] Measuring and obtaining the temperature value of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid passing through the streamlined spindle;

[0014] Obtaining the throttling parameters, throttling pressure difference value and throttling density value of the streamlined spindle, wherein the throttling pressure difference value is the pressure difference value between the upstream inlet pressure taking port and the equivalent throat diameter of the throttling device of the streamlined spindle, and the throttling density value is the mixed density value of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid at the equivalent throat diameter pressure taking port of the throttling device;

[0015] The total throttling differential pressure flow is calculated based on the temperature value, the throttling parameter, the throttling pressure difference value, the throttling density and the preset throttling pressure difference flow calculation formula.

[0016] Optionally, the total throttling differential pressure flow is calculated according to the temperature value, the throttling parameter, the throttling pressure difference value, the throttling density value and a preset throttling pressure difference flow calculation formula, including:

[0017] According to the temperature value and the preset heavy oil dynamic viscosity prediction formula, the heavy oil dynamic viscosity value is obtained;

[0018] Obtaining the inner diameter value of the pipeline;

[0019] Determining a first relationship between the Reynolds number and the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure according to a preset Reynolds number calculation formula, the heavy oil dynamic viscosity value and the inner diameter value;

[0020] Determine a second relationship between the Reynolds number and the outflow coefficient according to a preset outflow coefficient calculation formula, wherein the outflow coefficient is a ratio of an actual flow rate of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid passing through to a theoretical flow rate;

[0021] Verify whether the second relationship is correct according to a preset throttling pressure difference flow calculation formula, the throttling parameter, the throttling pressure difference value and the throttling density value;

[0022] If the second relationship is correct, then based on the preset throttling pressure differential flow calculation formula, an iterative calculation is performed according to the Newton iteration method to obtain the throttling pressure differential total flow.

[0023] Optionally, the multi-level photon phase analyzer is a four-level photon phase analyzer.

[0024] The method of measuring at least four energy level groups of photons on the heavy oil mixed phase fluid by the multi-energy level group photon phase analyzer to obtain the linear quality of each fluid medium includes:

[0025] The first energy level group photon, the second energy level group photon, the third energy level group photon and the fourth energy level group photon are emitted by the multi-energy level group photon phase analyzer, the energy of the first energy level group photon is 31keV, the energy of the second energy level group photon is 81keV, the energy of the third energy level group photon is 160keV, and the energy of the fourth energy level group photon is 356keV;

[0026] Detecting and receiving the measured transmission quantity of each fluid medium corresponding to the four-level group of light quanta;

[0027] According to the characteristics of the photon source, the proportional relationship between the medium-free transmission numbers of the photons of the four energy level groups is obtained, and the medium-free transmission number is the transmission number of the photons of the corresponding energy level groups when there is no medium in the empty tube;

[0028] Obtaining the linear mass absorption coefficients of the first energy level group of light quanta, the second energy level group of light quanta, and the third energy level group of light quanta corresponding to each fluid medium, and the Compton scattering constant of the fourth energy level group of light quanta;

[0029] The linear mass of each fluid medium is calculated based on the proportional relationship between the measured transmission quantity, the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the Compton scattering constant.

[0030] Optionally, obtaining the proportional relationship between the number of medium-free transmission of the four-level group of photons according to the characteristics of the photon source includes:

[0031] According to the characteristics of the photon source, the number of photons without medium transmission in the first energy level group is determined as , the number of light quanta transmitted without medium in the second energy level group With the The proportional relationship is , the number of light quanta transmitted without medium in the third energy level group With the The proportional relationship is and the number of photons transmitted without medium in the fourth energy level group With the The proportional relationship is .

[0032] Optionally, the linear mass of each fluid medium is calculated according to the proportional relationship between the measured transmission quantity, the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the Compton scattering constant, including:

[0033] When the pipe is filled with a single fluid medium, the phase analyzer is controlled to emit the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons, the third energy level group of photons, and the fourth energy level group of photons;

[0034] Detecting the transmission quantity of a single fluid medium receiving the first energy level group of light quanta , the number of single fluid medium transmissions of the second energy level group of light quanta , the single fluid medium transmission number of the third energy level group of light quanta and the single fluid medium transmission number of the fourth energy level group photons ;

[0035] According to the photoelectric absorption equation of the single fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta and the medium-free transmission quantity , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the single fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta is calculated ;

[0036] According to the photoelectric absorption equation of the single fluid medium of the second energy level group of light quanta and the medium-free transmission quantity , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the single fluid medium of the second energy level group of light quanta is calculated ;

[0037] According to the photoelectric absorption equation of the single fluid medium of the third energy level group of light quanta and the medium-free transmission quantity , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the single fluid medium of the third energy level group of light quanta is calculated ;

[0038] The Compton scattering constant is obtained according to the Compton scattering characteristics of the fourth energy level group photons .

[0039] Optionally, the photoelectric absorption equation of the single fluid medium according to the first energy level group of light quanta and the medium-free transmission quantity , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the single fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta is calculated ,include:

[0040] The total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta is transformed into the photoelectric absorption equation of a single fluid medium

[0041] ;

[0042] The number of medium-free transmission And the transmission quantity of a single fluid medium Substitute the full oil photoelectric absorption equation to obtain the linear mass absorption coefficient of the single fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta:

[0043] .

[0044] Optionally, the linear mass of each fluid medium is calculated according to the proportional relationship between the measured transmission quantity, the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the Compton scattering constant, including:

[0045] According to the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the first energy level group of photons, the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the second energy level group of photons, the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the third energy level group of photons and the Compton absorption equation of the fourth energy level group of photons;

[0046] Substitute the proportional relationship between the measured transmission quantity, the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the Compton scattering constant into the above equations to calculate the linear mass of each fluid medium. .

[0047] Optionally, obtaining the fluid medium flow rate of each fluid medium according to the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure and the linear mass of each fluid medium includes:

[0048] Dividing the linear mass of each fluid medium by the sum of the linear masses of all fluid media, respectively, to obtain the mass phase fraction of each fluid medium;

[0049] The mass phase fraction of each fluid medium is multiplied by the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure to obtain the fluid medium flow rate corresponding to each fluid medium.

[0050] In the second aspect, the present application provides a large-caliber heavy oil mixed phase flow measurement device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0051] A large-caliber heavy oil mixed phase flow measurement device, installed on a pipeline, comprising:

[0052] Streamlined spindle and multi-level group photon phase analyzer, heavy oil mixed phase fluid flows out from the oil and gas well through the pipeline;

[0053] Used to execute the large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow measurement method described in the first aspect to obtain the fluid medium flow of each fluid medium of the heavy oil mixed-phase fluid.

[0054] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0055] Since the large-diameter heavy oil mixed phase flow measurement device is arranged on the pipeline, the heavy oil mixed phase fluid flows out from the oil and gas well, and the throttling differential pressure total flow of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid in the streamlined spindle is measured, and then at least four energy level groups of photons are measured on the heavy oil mixed phase fluid by a multi-energy level group photon phase analyzer to obtain the linear mass of each fluid medium, and the fluid medium flow corresponding to all fluid media is calculated based on the linear mass of all fluid media and the total throttling differential pressure flow. The fluid medium flow corresponding to all fluid media can be measured without sampling and separation and testing the heavy oil mixed phase fluid, thereby realizing online measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow measurement method of the present application.

[0057] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow measurement device of the present application.

[0058] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of measuring the total flow of throttling differential pressure in the present application.

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the flow chart of calculating the linear mass of each fluid medium in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0061] The embodiment of the present application discloses a method for measuring large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow rate.

[0062] Reference Figure 1 , the execution steps of the method include:

[0063] 101. Heavy oil miscible fluid flows out from oil and gas wells through pipelines.

[0064] Among them, large-diameter heavy oil mixed phase flow measurement devices such as Figure 2 As shown, it is installed on the pipeline 201. During the oil production process, after the oil and gas well is completed, the heavy oil mixed phase fluid flows out of the oil and gas well through the pipeline 201. The large-caliber heavy oil mixed phase flow measurement device includes a streamlined spindle 202 and a multi-energy level group photon phase analyzer 203. The heavy oil mixed phase fluid includes at least two fluid media, which can be oil, gas and water.

[0065] 102, measuring the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure of a heavy oil mixed phase fluid passing through a streamlined spindle.

[0066] The streamlined spindle 202 is arranged in the middle of the large-diameter heavy oil mixed-phase flow measurement device, thus forming a throttling structure. When the heavy oil mixed-phase fluid passes through the throttling structure, the total flow of the throttling differential pressure can be obtained by measuring multiple parameters.

[0067] 103. Perform at least four-level photon measurements on the heavy oil mixed phase fluid by using a multi-level photon phase analyzer to obtain the linear quality of each fluid medium.

[0068] Among them, the multi-energy-level photon phase analyzer can perform multi-energy-level photon measurements on the mixed-phase fluid in the pipeline by emitting at least four-energy-level photons to obtain the linear quality of each fluid medium.

[0069] Specifically, light quanta are referred to as photons, which are the basic particles that transmit electromagnetic interactions and are a kind of gauge boson. Photons are the carriers of electromagnetic radiation, and in quantum field theory, photons are considered to be the mediators of electromagnetic interactions. Compared with most basic particles, photons have a rest mass of zero, which means that their propagation speed in a vacuum is the speed of light. Like other quanta, photons have the dual nature of wave and particle: photons can exhibit the properties of refraction, interference and diffraction of classical waves; and the particle nature of photons can be proved by the photoelectric effect. Photons can only transmit quantized energy, are lattice particles, and are the mass-energy phase of loop quantum particles. The amount of energy of a photon is proportional to the frequency of the light wave. The higher the frequency, the higher the energy. When a photon is absorbed by an atom, an electron gains enough energy to jump from the inner orbit to the outer orbit, and the atom with electron transition changes from the ground state to the excited state.

[0070] A Ba-133 photon source is used in a multi-energy-level photon phase analyzer. Taking four groups of multi-energy-level photons as an example, the energy of the first energy-level photon group is 31keV, the energy of the second energy-level photon group is 81keV, the energy of the third energy-level photon group is 160keV, and the energy of the fourth energy-level photon group is 356keV. The known Ba-133 photon source has a radioactivity of 25 microcuries and can emit nearly one million single photons of 31keV, 81keV, 160keV and 356keV energy groups per second. By measuring the energy of each photon, the phase fraction of the heavy oil miscible fluid is measured based on the photoelectric cross section of the matter and the photon group of 31keV, 81keV, and 160keV energies, and the Compton cross section of the matter and the photon group of 356keV energy.

[0071] 104 , obtaining the fluid medium flow rate of each fluid medium according to the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure and the linear mass of each fluid medium.

[0072] The linear mass of each fluid medium is divided by the sum of the linear masses of all fluid media to obtain the mass phase fraction of each fluid medium, and then the mass phase fraction of each fluid medium is multiplied by the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure to obtain the fluid medium flow rate corresponding to each fluid medium.

[0073] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: since the large-diameter heavy oil mixed phase flow measurement device is arranged on the pipeline, the heavy oil mixed phase fluid flows out from the oil and gas well, the throttling differential pressure total flow of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid in the streamlined spindle is measured, and then at least four energy level groups of photons are measured on the heavy oil mixed phase fluid by a multi-energy level group photon phase analyzer to obtain the linear mass of each fluid medium, and the fluid medium flow corresponding to all fluid media is calculated based on the linear mass of all fluid media and the throttling differential pressure total flow, and the fluid medium flow corresponding to all fluid media can be measured without sampling and separation and testing the heavy oil mixed phase fluid, thereby realizing online measurement.

[0074] In the above Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the method of measuring the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure in step 102 is as follows:

[0075] Reference Figure 3 The steps for measuring the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid passing through the streamlined spindle are as follows:

[0076] 301, the temperature value of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid passing through the streamlined spindle is measured.

[0077] Specifically, the temperature value t of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid can be obtained by setting a temperature sensor for measurement.

[0078] 302, obtaining a throttling parameter, a throttling pressure difference value, and a throttling density value of a streamlined spindle.

[0079] The throttling parameters of the streamlined spindle are determined by the production process, including the equivalent throat diameter d, which is the equivalent diameter of the annular flow area of ​​the throttling structure of the streamlined spindle; the diameter ratio is the ratio of the equivalent throat diameter to the straight pipe diameter; expansion coefficient ;Throttling pressure difference The differential pressure between the upstream inlet pressure tapping port and the equivalent throat diameter of the streamlined spindle throttling device; the throttling density value It is the mixed density value of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid at the equivalent throat diameter pressure port of the throttling device.

[0080] 303, obtaining the heavy oil dynamic viscosity value according to the temperature value and a preset heavy oil dynamic viscosity prediction formula.

[0081] Among them, the preset heavy oil dynamic viscosity prediction formula is:

[0082]

[0083] The dynamic viscosity of heavy oil at 50 degrees Celsius, T is degrees Celsius, under standard atmospheric pressure, the freezing point of water is 0 degrees, the boiling point of water is 100 degrees, and the dynamic viscosity of heavy oil is t when the mixed phase fluid is at temperature value t. , the unit is ,

[0084] ;

[0085] represents the cross-sectional air content, represents the moisture content of the cross section, Indicates the oil content of the cross section, is the aerodynamic viscosity, is the hydrodynamic viscosity, The dynamic viscosity of oil. According to experience and common sense, the viscosity of the three media, gas, water and oil, obviously varies. , then the actual dynamic viscosity of heavy oil is = .

[0086] 304, obtaining the inner diameter value of the pipeline.

[0087] Among them, the inner diameter value D of the pipeline can be obtained through the pipeline manufacturer and production markings.

[0088] 305 , determining a first relationship between the Reynolds number and the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure according to a preset Reynolds number calculation formula, the heavy oil dynamic viscosity value and the inner diameter value.

[0089] Among them, the preset Reynolds number calculation formula is: , dynamic viscosity of heavy oil It has been calculated, and the inner diameter value D has also been obtained, so the Reynolds number and throttling differential pressure total flow The first relationship between them is determined.

[0090] 306 , determining a second relationship between the Reynolds number and the outflow coefficient according to a preset outflow coefficient calculation formula.

[0091] Among them, the calculation formula of the preset outflow coefficient is: , outflow coefficient is the ratio of the actual flow rate of the heavy oil miscible fluid to the theoretical flow rate, is the first coefficient, is the second coefficient, Reynolds number The value range of is relatively large. According to different value ranges, and The coefficient values ​​are also different, specifically:

[0092] If Re <= 2000, b = 0.0785, e = 0.2945;

[0093] If 2000 < Re <= 100000, b = 0.017, e = 0.7859;

[0094] If Re>100000, b=0, e = 0.995.

[0095] 307, verify whether the second relationship is correct according to the preset throttling pressure difference flow calculation formula, throttling parameters, throttling pressure difference value and throttling density value.

[0096] Among them, the preset throttling pressure differential flow calculation formula is , where the constant , equivalent throat diameter d, diameter ratio , Expansion coefficient , Throttling pressure difference , throttling density value All are known, verify whether the second relationship is correct, that is, only the outflow coefficient The correlation with the Reynolds number is verified to be correct. The calculation will be correct;

[0097] Consider first > 100000, b=0, heavy oil outflow coefficient =e=0.995, calculated ,pass , calculate the Reynolds number , if the value is greater than 100000, then the current calculation is correct;

[0098] 2000 < ≤ 100000, if the calculated If the value is in this range, then the current calculation is correct. = 0.017 + 0.7859 Calculated heavy oil outflow coefficient ;

[0099] ≤ 2000, if the calculated If the value is in this range, then the current calculation is correct. = 0.0785 + 0.2945 Calculated heavy oil outflow coefficient ;

[0100] After the above verification is passed, step 308 is executed. If it fails, there may be data errors and subsequent calculations will not be performed.

[0101] 308. Based on the preset throttling pressure differential flow calculation formula, an iterative calculation is performed according to the Newton iteration method to obtain the throttling pressure differential total flow.

[0102] Among them, when the step verification in step 307 is passed, the iterative calculation according to the Newton iteration method mainly includes:

[0103] The preset throttling pressure differential flow calculation formula is transformed into To simplify the expression, we define , , the formula becomes

[0104] ;

[0105] Thus, it was determined ;

[0106] make , then after taking the derivative, we get ;

[0107] According to Newton's iteration method, it can be iteratively calculated The value of:

[0108] The outflow coefficient is =0.995, calculated

[0109] ;

[0110] According to the previously calculated Substitute the value into the iteration expression and calculate , ,…,according to and The degree of closeness (whether the difference is less than 1%) determines whether to proceed to the next iteration. Specifically, if Greater than 0.01, continue iterative calculation, when When it is less than or equal to 0.01, the calculation ends and the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid is obtained. .

[0111] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: for the throttling device formed by the streamlined spindle, the dynamic viscosity value of the heavy oil can be derived from the temperature value, and the flow calculation can be performed through the relationship between the Reynolds number and the total flow of the throttling differential pressure, and the relationship between the Reynolds number and the outflow coefficient. After the relationship between the flow calculation and the Reynolds number is determined and verified, the Newton iteration method can be used for iterative calculation, which ensures that the calculation result of the total flow of the throttling differential pressure is more accurate.

[0112] In the above Figure 1 In step 103 of the embodiment shown, the multi-energy-level photon phase analyzer emits photons from a Ba-133 photon source. Taking four groups of photons as an example, the energy of the first energy-level group of photons is 31keV, the energy of the second energy-level group of photons is 81keV, the energy of the third energy-level group of photons is 160keV, and the energy of the fourth energy-level group of photons is 356keV. Then the specific calculation of the linear mass of each fluid medium is as follows:

[0113] Reference Figure 4 , the steps for calculating the linear mass of each fluid medium include:

[0114] 401. Emitting a first energy level group of photons, a second energy level group of photons, a third energy level group of photons, and a fourth energy level group of photons through a multi-energy level group photon phase separator.

[0115] 402, detecting and receiving the measured transmission quantity of each fluid medium corresponding to the four-level group of light quanta.

[0116] Among them, the measured transmission number of the four-level group of photons passing through the heavy oil mixed phase fluid is detected by the photon probe.

[0117] 403. According to the characteristics of the photon source, a proportional relationship between the medium-free transmission quantities of the four-level group photons is obtained.

[0118] Among them, the inherent characteristics of the Ba-133 photon source, the number of photons with different energy levels transmitted without a medium , , and There is a proportional relationship, , , in is a known proportionality coefficient, which is a naturally constant coefficient and does not change with any measurement conditions. Due to the existence of the proportionality coefficient, the three unknown quantities , , and In fact, it can be regarded as an unknown quantity , thereby eliminating the need for The need for measurement or calibration, since no calibration is required , fundamentally avoiding the influence of temperature drift in the photon probe on the measurement, so there is no need to set up a constant temperature device in the photon probe, saving equipment expenses and eliminating the calibration of the non-medium transmission quantity.

[0119] 404, obtaining the linear mass absorption coefficients of the first energy level group of light quanta, the second energy level group of light quanta, and the third energy level group of light quanta corresponding to each fluid medium, and the Compton scattering constant of the fourth energy level group of light quanta.

[0120] Among them, the calculation principle of the calibration value of the linear mass absorption coefficient of each fluid medium is:

[0121] (1) When the pipe is filled with a single fluid medium, the first energy level group of light quanta, the second energy level group of light quanta, the third energy level group of light quanta and the fourth energy level group of light quanta are emitted;

[0122] (2) Detect the number of single fluid medium transmissions that receive the first energy level group of photons , the number of single fluid medium transmissions of the second energy level group of light quanta , the number of single fluid medium transmissions of the third energy level group of light quanta and the number of single fluid medium transmissions of the fourth energy level group of photons ;

[0123] (3) Based on the photoelectric absorption equation of a single fluid medium and the number of medium-free transmission of the first energy level group of photons , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the single fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta is calculated ;

[0124] Assume that the fluid medium in the mixed phase fluid includes gas, water, and oil. Indicates the gas phase, subscript Indicates the aqueous phase, subscript Represents the oil phase, is the gas linear mass absorption coefficient, is the water linear mass absorption coefficient, is the oil linear mass absorption coefficient, is the linear quality of the gas, is the water linear quality, is the linear mass of oil, and the photoelectric absorption equation of the first energy level group of light quanta is: , the single fluid medium is gas phase, the photoelectric absorption equation of the single fluid medium becomes , after transformation, we get , similarly, we get and .

[0125] (4) Based on the photoelectric absorption equation of a single fluid medium and the number of medium-free transmission of the second energy level group of photons , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the single fluid medium of the second energy level group of light quanta is calculated ; Same as the description in (3).

[0126] (5) Photoelectric absorption equation of a single fluid medium and the number of medium-free transmission based on the third energy level group of photons , the linear mass absorption coefficient of the single fluid medium of the third energy level group of light quanta is calculated ; Same as the description in (3).

[0127] (6) The Compton scattering constant is obtained based on the Compton scattering characteristics of the fourth energy level group photons .

[0128] Since Compton scattering is independent of the material of the scatterer, the Compton scattering characteristic of the fourth energy group photon with an energy of 356 keV is the Compton scattering constant , and the Compton absorption equation of each fluid medium of the fourth energy level group light quantum (energy 356keV) mixed phase fluid is:

[0129] .

[0130] 405, the linear mass of each fluid medium is calculated based on the proportional relationship between the measured transmission quantity and the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the Compton scattering constant.

[0131] Among them, the total equation of photoelectric absorption of each fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta is , the total equation for photoelectric absorption of each fluid medium of the second energy level group of light quanta is , the total equation for photoelectric absorption of each fluid medium of the third energy level group of light quanta is And the Compton absorption equation of the fourth energy level group photon is ;

[0132] because , , ,So

[0133] ,

[0134] ,

[0135] ,

[0136] The calculation can be obtained .

[0137] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: by taking the mixed phase fluid including gas, water and oil as an example, the linear mass of the fluid medium in the mixed phase fluid is measured. In the calculation process, the required linear mass absorption coefficient and Compton scattering constant are calibration values, which can be calibrated and calculated respectively by the pipeline states of full water, full gas and full oil, and the proportional relationship between the measured transmission quantity and the medium-free transmission quantity can be realized by the photoelectric absorption equation and Compton absorption equation of light quanta of four different energy levels, and the gas linear mass, water linear mass and oil linear mass of the mixed phase fluid can be realized.

[0138] In the above Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the calculation is Afterwards, the fluid medium flow rate of each fluid medium is obtained according to the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure and the linear mass of each fluid medium, including:

[0139] The linear mass of each fluid medium is divided by the sum of the linear masses of all fluid media to obtain the mass phase fraction of each fluid medium. The calculation method is:

[0140] The mass fraction of the gas phase, ,

[0141] Mass fraction of aqueous phase ,

[0142] The mass fraction of the oil phase, ,

[0143] Then, the mass phase fraction of each fluid medium is multiplied by the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure to obtain the fluid medium flow rate corresponding to each fluid medium, and the calculation method is:

[0144] Fluid medium flow rate of oil phase, ,

[0145] Fluid medium flow rate in gas phase, ,

[0146] Fluid medium flow rate of water phase, .

[0147] like Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow measurement device, comprising:

[0148] Streamlined spindle 202 and multi-level group photon phase analyzer 203, heavy oil mixed phase fluid flows out from oil and gas wells through pipeline 201;

[0149] The method for measuring the large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow rate in the above embodiment is used to obtain the fluid medium flow rate of each fluid medium of the heavy oil mixed-phase fluid.

[0150] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any feature disclosed in this specification (including the abstract and drawings), unless otherwise specified, can be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features with similar purposes. That is, unless otherwise specified, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

Claims

1. A method for measuring large-caliber heavy oil mixed phase flow, characterized in that: Applied to a large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow measurement device, the large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow measurement device is installed on a pipeline, comprises a streamlined spindle and a multi-level group optical quantum phase analyzer, and the method comprises: A heavy oil miscible fluid flows out from an oil and gas well through the pipeline, wherein the heavy oil miscible fluid comprises at least two fluid media; measuring the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid passing through the streamlined spindle; The multi-energy-level photon phase analyzer is used to measure at least four energy-level photons of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid to obtain the linear quality of each fluid medium; Obtaining the fluid medium flow rate of each fluid medium according to the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure and the linear mass of each fluid medium; The method of measuring the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid passing through the streamlined spindle comprises: Measuring and obtaining the temperature value of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid passing through the streamlined spindle; Obtaining the throttling parameters, throttling pressure difference value and throttling density value of the streamlined spindle, wherein the throttling pressure difference value is the pressure difference value between the upstream inlet pressure taking port and the equivalent throat diameter of the throttling device of the streamlined spindle, and the throttling density value is the mixed density value of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid at the equivalent throat diameter pressure taking port of the throttling device; The total throttling differential pressure flow is calculated according to the temperature value, the throttling parameter, the throttling pressure difference value, the throttling density and the preset throttling pressure difference flow calculation formula; The total throttling differential pressure flow is calculated based on the temperature value, the throttling parameter, the throttling pressure difference value, the throttling density value and the preset throttling pressure difference flow calculation formula, including: According to the temperature value and the preset heavy oil dynamic viscosity prediction formula, the heavy oil dynamic viscosity value is obtained; Obtaining the inner diameter value of the pipeline; Determining a first relationship between the Reynolds number and the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure according to a preset Reynolds number calculation formula, the heavy oil dynamic viscosity value and the inner diameter value; The preset Reynolds number calculation formula is: , Among them, the dynamic viscosity of heavy oil is μ mix =μ O OVF, unit is mPa·s, μ O =μ t =(0.0148lnt+0.9421)·μ 50 (3.1613-0.5525lnt) ,μ O is the oil dynamic viscosity, μ t is the dynamic viscosity of pure oil at temperature t, μ 50 is the dynamic viscosity of heavy oil at 50 degrees Celsius; OVF represents the oil content of the cross section; D is the inner diameter of the pipeline; Determine a second relationship between the Reynolds number and the outflow coefficient according to a preset outflow coefficient calculation formula, wherein the outflow coefficient is a ratio of an actual flow rate of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid passing through to a theoretical flow rate; Among them, the preset outflow coefficient calculation formula is C=blnRe+e, the outflow coefficient C is the ratio of the actual flow rate of the heavy oil mixed phase fluid to the theoretical flow rate, b is the first coefficient, e is the second coefficient, according to the different value ranges of the Reynolds number Re, the coefficient values ​​of b and e are as follows: If Re≤2000, b=0.0785, e=0.2945; If 2000<Re≤100000, b=0.017, e=0.7859; If Re>100000, b=0, e=0.995; Verify whether the second relationship is correct according to a preset throttling pressure difference flow calculation formula, the throttling parameter, the throttling pressure difference value and the throttling density value; Among them, the calculation formula for preset throttling pressure difference flow is , where the constant , d is the equivalent throat diameter, β is the diameter ratio, ε is the expansion coefficient, ΔP is the throttling pressure difference value, ρ is the throttling density value; First consider the case of Re>100000, at this time b=0, heavy oil outflow coefficient c=e=0.995, calculate Qm, through , calculate the Reynolds number Re, if the value is greater than 100000, then the current calculation is correct; In the case of 2000<Re≤100000, if the calculated Re value is within this range, then the current calculation is correct, and the heavy oil outflow coefficient C is calculated by C=0.017lnRe+0.7859; In the case of Re≤2000, if the calculated Re value is within this range, then the current calculation is correct, and the heavy oil outflow coefficient C is calculated by C=0.0785lnRe+0.2945; If the second relationship is correct, then based on the preset throttling pressure differential flow calculation formula, an iterative calculation is performed according to the Newton iteration method to obtain the throttling pressure differential total flow.

2. The large-caliber heavy oil mixed phase flow measurement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-level photon phase analyzer is a four-level photon phase analyzer. The method of measuring at least four energy level groups of photons on the heavy oil mixed phase fluid by the multi-energy level group photon phase analyzer to obtain the linear quality of each fluid medium includes: The first energy level group photon, the second energy level group photon, the third energy level group photon and the fourth energy level group photon are emitted by the multi-energy level group photon phase analyzer, the energy of the first energy level group photon is 31keV, the energy of the second energy level group photon is 81keV, the energy of the third energy level group photon is 160keV, and the energy of the fourth energy level group photon is 356keV; Detecting and receiving the measured transmission quantity of each fluid medium corresponding to the four-level group of light quanta; According to the characteristics of the photon source, the proportional relationship between the medium-free transmission numbers of the photons of the four energy level groups is obtained, and the medium-free transmission number is the transmission number of the photons of the corresponding energy level groups when there is no medium in the empty tube; Obtaining the linear mass absorption coefficients of the first energy level group of light quanta, the second energy level group of light quanta, and the third energy level group of light quanta corresponding to each fluid medium, and the Compton scattering constant of the fourth energy level group of light quanta; The linear mass of each fluid medium is calculated based on the proportional relationship between the measured transmission quantity, the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the Compton scattering constant.

3. The large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow measurement method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step of obtaining the proportional relationship between the number of medium-free transmission of the four-level group of photons according to the characteristics of the photon source includes: According to the characteristics of the photon source, the number of photons in the first energy level group transmitted without medium is determined as N 0.1 、The number of light quanta transmitted without medium N in the second energy level group 0.2 With the N 0.1 The proportional relationship is f2, the number of light quanta in the third energy level group transmitted without medium N 0.3 With the N 0.1 The proportional relationship is f3 and the number of light quanta in the fourth energy level group transmitted without medium N 0.4 With the N 0.1 The proportional relationship is f4.

4. The large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow measurement method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The linear mass of each fluid medium is calculated based on the proportional relationship between the measured transmission quantity, the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the Compton scattering constant, including: When the pipe is filled with a single fluid medium, the phase analyzer is controlled to emit the first energy level group of photons, the second energy level group of photons, the third energy level group of photons, and the fourth energy level group of photons; Detect the number N of single fluid medium transmissions that receive the first energy level group of light quanta X.1 , the number of single fluid medium transmissions of the second energy level group of light quanta N X.2 , the single fluid medium transmission number N of the third energy level group of light quanta X.3 and the single fluid medium transmission number N of the fourth energy level group of light quanta X.4 ; According to the photoelectric absorption equation of the single fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta and the medium-free transmission number N 0.1 , the linear mass absorption coefficient α of the single fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta is calculated x.1 ; According to the photoelectric absorption equation of the single fluid medium of the second energy level group of light quanta and the medium-free transmission number N 0.2 , the linear mass absorption coefficient α of the single fluid medium of the second energy level group of light quanta is calculated x.2 ; According to the photoelectric absorption equation of the single fluid medium of the third energy level group of light quanta and the medium-free transmission number N 0.3 , the linear mass absorption coefficient α of the single fluid medium of the third energy level group of light quanta is calculated x.3 ; The Compton scattering constant K2 is obtained according to the Compton scattering characteristics of the fourth energy level group of photons.

5. The large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow measurement method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The photoelectric absorption equation of the single fluid medium according to the first energy level group of light quanta and the medium-free transmission number N 0.1 , the linear mass absorption coefficient α of the single fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta is calculated x.1 ,include: The total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta is transformed into the photoelectric absorption equation of a single fluid medium ； The number of medium-free transmissions N 0.1 and the number of transmissions of a single fluid medium N x.1 Substitute the photoelectric absorption equation of the single fluid medium to obtain the linear mass absorption coefficient of the single fluid medium of the first energy level group of light quanta: 。 6. The large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow measurement method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The linear mass of each fluid medium is calculated based on the proportional relationship between the measured transmission quantity, the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the Compton scattering constant, including: According to the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the first energy level group of photons, the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the second energy level group of photons, the total photoelectric absorption equation of each fluid medium of the third energy level group of photons and the Compton absorption equation of the fourth energy level group of photons; Substitute the proportional relationship between the measured transmission quantity, the medium-free transmission quantity, the linear mass absorption coefficient and the Compton scattering constant into the above equations to calculate the linear mass Q of each fluid medium. x .

7. The large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow measurement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of obtaining the fluid medium flow rate of each fluid medium according to the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure and the linear mass of each fluid medium comprises: Dividing the linear mass of each fluid medium by the sum of the linear masses of all fluid media, respectively, to obtain the mass phase fraction of each fluid medium; The mass phase fraction of each fluid medium is multiplied by the total flow rate of the throttling differential pressure to obtain the fluid medium flow rate corresponding to each fluid medium.

8. A large-caliber heavy oil mixed phase flow measurement device, characterized in that: Installed on a pipeline, the device comprises: Streamlined spindle and multi-level group photon phase analyzer, heavy oil mixed phase fluid flows out from the oil and gas well through the pipeline; The method for measuring the large-caliber heavy oil mixed-phase flow rate according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used to obtain the fluid medium flow rate of each fluid medium of the heavy oil mixed-phase fluid.

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