A test bench for testing mechanical properties of rice seed materials

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rice seed material mechanical property detection test bench, comprising a test instrument operating table, a pneumatic system, a high-speed camera mechanism, a material mechanical property measurement system, and a test data processing terminal; the pneumatic system provides positive and negative pressure airflows, the high-speed camera mechanism records the movement characteristics of the seeds at the moment of adsorption or blowing in real time, the material mechanical property measurement system records the numerical force of the seeds at the moment of adsorption or blowing in real time, and the data of the high-speed camera mechanism and the material mechanical property measurement system are processed after the test through the test data processing terminal; the material mechanical property measurement system adopts a rotary lever structure. The present invention can realize the direct measurement of material mechanical properties such as negative pressure adsorption force and positive pressure blowing force when different varieties of rice seeds are operated with pneumatic seeding devices of different structural parameters, so as to reduce the simulation result error of the numerical simulation test, and belongs to the field of agricultural materials science.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural materials science, and in particular relates to a rice seed material mechanical property detection test bench. Background Art

[0002] Rice is one of the three major staple foods in my country. Nowadays, with the transfer of rural working-age population, the implementation of land transfer policies and the development of direct seeding technology of rice, mechanized planting has become the main mode of large-scale rice production. Pneumatic seed metering device is an important carrier for realizing mechanized rice planting. Compared with the direct seeding operation process of mechanical seed metering device, its negative pressure seed suction, positive pressure seed blowing operation mode and low seed damage rate have become the main research content for realizing precision rice planting.

[0003] Due to the differences in rice varieties in different regions, it is essential to study the material properties of rice seeds before designing a pneumatic precision seed metering device. In traditional research methods, researchers use the suspension speed of rice seeds as an important basis for research. The critical values ​​of the negative pressure adsorption force and the seed-clearing airflow force required for the pneumatic seed metering device's negative pressure seed suction and positive pressure seed blowing can be calculated through theoretical formulas. However, in the actual operation of the seed metering device, there is still no unified standard to measure and identify the negative pressure adsorption force of seeds during the seed carrying process, the specific adsorption force values ​​at different positions of the negative pressure suction holes of the seed metering device's disc, and the specific blowing force values ​​during the seed cleaning process. In existing research, the determination of actual values ​​is often based on the coupling data of numerical simulation software. Different model calibrations often cause differences in various values. The specific error standards from the actual values ​​are often unable to be given due to the lack of specific measurement tools.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned practical technical problems, the present invention provides a rice seed material mechanical properties detection test bench based on the principle of lever mechanics amplification, so as to realize the direct measurement of the negative pressure adsorption force and the positive pressure blowing force of different varieties of rice seeds when pneumatic seeding devices with different structural parameters are operating, so as to save the test cost and the simulation result error of the numerical simulation test, shorten the test cycle and improve the test accuracy, so as to facilitate the subsequent structural design optimization of the seeding device. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rice seed material mechanical property detection test bench which has a high degree of simulation and can correct numerical values ​​so as to have a higher accuracy.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A test bench for detecting mechanical properties of rice seed materials, including a test instrument operating table, a pneumatic system, a high-speed camera mechanism, a material mechanical property measurement system, and a test data processing terminal. The pneumatic system provides positive and negative pressure airflows, the high-speed camera mechanism records the movement characteristics of the seeds at the moment of adsorption or blowing in real time, the material mechanical property measurement system records the numerical force of the seeds at the moment of adsorption or blowing in real time, and the data of the high-speed camera mechanism and the material mechanical property measurement system are processed after the test through the test data processing terminal. The material mechanical property measurement system includes a negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of a seed metering device, a working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of a seed metering device, a positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of a seed metering device, a working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of a seed metering device, a lever fixing frame, a bearing, a long arm lever, a short arm lever, a cross bracket, a rice seed posture adjustment fixing frame, and a pressure sensor; the long arm lever is installed on the upper end of the cross bracket, the short arm lever is installed on the lower end of the cross bracket, the left and right ends of the cross bracket are rotatably connected to the lever fixing frame through bearings, the lever fixing frame is installed on the test instrument operating table, the upper end of the long arm lever and the short arm lever are ... A rice seed posture adjustment fixing frame is arranged at the lower end of the arm lever; a pressure sensor is arranged on one side of the lower end of the short arm lever; the end of the pneumatic system is connected to the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device or the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device is the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device is directly opposite to the upper end of the long arm lever with a gap left, the end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device is the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device is directly opposite to the upper end of the long arm lever with a gap left.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, in the material mechanical property measurement system, a cylindrical notch is provided on the lever fixing frame, the outer ring of the bearing is embedded in the cylindrical notch, and the inner ring of the bearing is sleeved on the cross bracket; the upper and lower ends of the cross bracket are both tubular, the upper end is sleeved on the lower end of the long arm lever, and the lower end is sleeved on the upper end of the short arm lever; the lever fixing frame includes an intermediate plate, and the pressure sensor is installed on the inner side of the intermediate plate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, in the material mechanical properties measurement system, when the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device is located in front of the upper end of the long arm lever, the pressure sensor is located behind the lower end of the short arm lever; when the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device is located in front of the upper end of the long arm lever, the pressure sensor is located in front of the lower end of the short arm lever.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, in the material mechanical properties measurement system, there are multiple models of rice seed posture adjustment fixing frames, corresponding to various postures of seeds, so as to measure the numerical values ​​of negative pressure adsorption force and positive pressure blowing force of rice seeds in different postures; the seeds are embedded in the rice seed posture adjustment fixing frame.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, in the material mechanical property measurement system, the lever fixing frame is adjustably connected to the test instrument operating table; the length ratio of the long arm lever and the short arm lever is determined according to the mass of the rice seeds and the actual accuracy of the pressure sensor.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, in the material mechanical properties measurement system, the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device, and the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device are all processed by 3D printing technology; according to the needs of actual experiments, the inner diameter of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device and the circular tube interface connected to the pneumatic system are changed, the shape of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device and the inner diameter of the circular tube interface connected to the pneumatic system are changed, the suction hole diameter and the suction hole chamfer value of the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber are changed, and the suction hole diameter and the suction hole chamfer value of the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device are changed.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the pneumatic system includes a DC fan circuit I, a DC fan circuit II, a DC fan flow regulator, a DC fan, an airflow conveying pipe, an airflow flowmeter, a DC fan bracket, and an airflow flowmeter bracket; the DC fan, the airflow conveying pipe, and the airflow flowmeter are connected in sequence, and then connected to the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed meter or the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed meter; the DC fan is installed on the test instrument operating table through the DC fan bracket, and the airflow flowmeter is installed on the test instrument operating table through the airflow flowmeter bracket; the DC fan regulator contains a DC power supply; the DC fan flow regulator is connected to the DC fan through the DC fan circuit I and the DC fan circuit II connected in parallel, and the DC fan circuit I or the DC fan circuit II is switched by the button of the DC fan flow regulator to control the DC fan to provide positive pressure or negative pressure airflow; the DC fan flow regulator is also provided with a knob for adjusting the DC fan airflow, and the DC fan airflow is calibrated by the real-time data displayed on the airflow flowmeter.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, in the pneumatic system, the DC fan bracket and the airflow flowmeter bracket are both installed on the test instrument operating table and are height-adjustable. By adjusting the height of the DC fan bracket and the airflow flowmeter bracket, the adsorption force values ​​of the suction holes at different positions on the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device are measured.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the high-speed camera mechanism includes a high-speed camera and a high-speed camera bracket; the height-adjustable high-speed camera bracket is placed on the same level as the test instrument operating table, the high-speed camera is fixed on the upper side of the high-speed camera bracket, and the high-speed camera is connected to the test data processing terminal through a line.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the test data processing terminal includes a signal line, a pressure sensor control board, a data line, and a computer terminal; the pressure sensor, the signal line, the pressure sensor control board, the data line, and the computer terminal are connected in sequence to realize the real-time transmission of the numerical force of the seeds at the moment of adsorption and blowing; the adsorption force or the blowing force F1 exerted on the rice seeds is obtained by the material mechanical property measurement system, and the adsorption force or the blowing force F1' exerted on the rice seeds is obtained by the high-speed camera mechanism, and the value of the seed adsorption force or the blowing force is determined by comparing the correction of the F1' and F1 values.

[0017] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The use of a rotating lever structure, on the one hand, the lever structure can play a role in amplifying the force, and the result obtained is more accurate. On the other hand, the rotating structure is closer to the actual movement trajectory of the seeds and better simulates the movement state of the seeds.

[0019] 2. Using high-speed camera mechanism, the adsorption force or blowing force on rice seeds can be calculated through images, and the numerical value can be corrected to obtain more accurate results.

[0020] 3. The height and position of multiple parts are adjustable, which is convenient for obtaining different test parameters and facilitating the design of pneumatic seed metering devices.

[0021] 4. The parts are processed by 3D printing technology, and the model is easy to make, which is convenient for the design of pneumatic seed metering device.

[0022] 5. The material mechanical properties measurement system structure with a cross bracket is convenient for replacing the long arm lever and the short arm lever to obtain the optimal test parameters.

[0023] 6. Use a rice seed posture adjustment bracket. Since rice seeds are slender rather than round, they will have a variety of postures when sown in the field. Replacing the rice seed posture adjustment bracket can simulate different postures of seeds, which is more in line with actual application scenarios.

[0024] 7. The wind direction of the DC fan can be adjusted through the external circuit of the DC fan flow controller. The adjustment is convenient and there is no need to reinstall or disassemble the fan.

[0025] 8. The present invention is not limited to the measurement of mechanical properties of related materials of a specific type of rice seeds, and is applicable to a wide range of varieties. The mechanical properties of related materials of special-shaped seeds such as coated rice seeds, wheat seeds, and broad bean seeds can also be studied within a certain range.

[0026] 9. It can realize direct measurement of material mechanical properties such as negative pressure adsorption force and positive pressure blowing force of different varieties of rice seeds when pneumatic seeding devices with different structural parameters are operating, so as to reduce the simulation result error of numerical simulation test, shorten the test cycle and improve the test accuracy, which is convenient for researchers to select different test factors to design the seeding device structure and select different airflow working parameters according to the requirements of their theoretical design, and provides convenience for the optimization process of seeding device structure design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is an axonometric schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is an axonometric diagram of the working mechanism when measuring negative pressure adsorption force of rice seeds of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of the material mechanical properties measurement system.

[0030] Figure 4 This is an axonometric diagram of the working mechanism when measuring the positive pressure blowing force of rice seeds of the present invention.

[0031] The reference numerals in the figure are: test instrument operating table 1, DC fan circuit I 2, DC fan circuit II 3, DC fan flow controller 4, DC fan 5, air flow conveying pipe 6, air flow meter 7, high-speed camera 8, high-speed camera fixing bracket 9, seed metering device negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber 10, long arm lever 11, lever fixing bracket 12, signal line 13, pressure sensor control board 14, data line 15, computer terminal 16, seed metering device negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber working end 17, rice seeds 18, rice seed posture adjustment bracket 19, DC fan bracket 20, cross bracket 21, short arm lever 22, pressure sensor 23, bearing 24, seed metering device positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber 25, seed metering device positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber working end 26, air flow meter bracket 27. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0033] A test bench for detecting mechanical properties of rice seed materials, including a test instrument operating table, a pneumatic system, a high-speed camera mechanism, a material mechanical property measurement system, and a test data processing terminal. The pneumatic system provides positive and negative pressure airflows, the high-speed camera mechanism records the movement characteristics of the seeds at the moment of adsorption or blowing in real time, the material mechanical property measurement system records the numerical force of the seeds at the moment of adsorption or blowing in real time, and the data of the high-speed camera mechanism and the material mechanical property measurement system are processed after the test through the test data processing terminal. The material mechanical property measurement system includes a negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of a seed metering device, a working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of a seed metering device, a positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of a seed metering device, a working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of a seed metering device, a lever fixing frame, a bearing, a long arm lever, a short arm lever, a cross bracket, a rice seed posture adjustment fixing frame, and a pressure sensor; the long arm lever is installed on the upper end of the cross bracket, the short arm lever is installed on the lower end of the cross bracket, the left and right ends of the cross bracket are rotatably connected to the lever fixing frame through bearings, the lever fixing frame is installed on the test instrument operating table, the upper end of the long arm lever and the short arm lever are ... A rice seed posture adjustment fixing frame is arranged at the lower end of the arm lever; a pressure sensor is arranged on one side of the lower end of the short arm lever; the end of the pneumatic system is connected to the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device or the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device is the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device is directly opposite to the upper end of the long arm lever with a gap left, the end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device is the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device is directly opposite to the upper end of the long arm lever with a gap left.

[0034] In the material mechanical property measurement system, a lever fixing frame is provided with a cylindrical notch, the outer ring of the bearing is embedded in the cylindrical notch, and the inner ring of the bearing is sleeved on the cross bracket; the upper and lower ends of the cross bracket are both tubular, the upper end is sleeved on the lower end of the long arm lever, and the lower end is sleeved on the upper end of the short arm lever; the lever fixing frame includes an intermediate plate, and the pressure sensor is installed on the inner side of the intermediate plate.

[0035] In the material mechanical properties measurement system, when the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device is located in front of the upper end of the long arm lever, the pressure sensor is located behind the lower end of the short arm lever; when the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device is located in front of the upper end of the long arm lever, the pressure sensor is located in front of the lower end of the short arm lever.

[0036] In the material mechanical property measurement system, there are multiple models of rice seed posture adjustment fixing frames, corresponding to various postures of seeds, to measure the numerical values ​​of negative pressure adsorption force and positive pressure blowing force of rice seeds under different postures; the seeds are embedded in the rice seed posture adjustment fixing frames.

[0037] In the material mechanical property measurement system, the lever fixing frame is adjustably connected to the test instrument operating table; the length ratio of the long arm lever and the short arm lever is determined according to the mass of the rice seeds and the actual accuracy of the pressure sensor.

[0038] In the material mechanical properties measurement system, the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device, and the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device are all processed by 3D printing technology; according to the needs of actual experiments, the inner diameter of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device and the inner diameter of the circular tube interface connected to the pneumatic system are changed, the shape of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device and the inner diameter of the circular tube interface connected to the pneumatic system are changed, the suction hole diameter and the suction hole chamfer value of the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber are changed, and the suction hole diameter and the suction hole chamfer value of the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device are changed.

[0039] The pneumatic system includes a DC fan circuit I, a DC fan circuit II, a DC fan flow controller, a DC fan, an airflow conveying pipe, an airflow flowmeter, a DC fan bracket, and an airflow flowmeter bracket; the DC fan, the airflow conveying pipe, and the airflow flowmeter are connected in sequence, and then connected to the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed meter or the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed meter; the DC fan is installed on the test instrument operating table through the DC fan bracket, and the airflow flowmeter is installed on the test instrument operating table through the airflow flowmeter bracket; the DC fan controller contains a DC power supply; the DC fan flow controller is connected to the DC fan through the DC fan circuit I and the DC fan circuit II connected in parallel, and the DC fan circuit I or the DC fan circuit II is switched by the button of the DC fan flow controller to control the DC fan to provide positive pressure or negative pressure airflow; the DC fan flow controller is also provided with a knob for adjusting the DC fan airflow, and the DC fan airflow is calibrated by the real-time data displayed on the airflow flowmeter.

[0040] In the pneumatic system, the DC fan bracket and the airflow flowmeter bracket are both installed on the test instrument operating table and are height-adjustable. By adjusting the height of the DC fan bracket and the airflow flowmeter bracket, the adsorption force values ​​of the suction holes at different positions on the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device are measured.

[0041] The high-speed camera mechanism includes a high-speed camera and a high-speed camera bracket; the height-adjustable high-speed camera bracket is placed on the ground at the same level as the test instrument operating table, the high-speed camera is fixed on the upper side of the high-speed camera bracket, and the high-speed camera is connected to the test data processing terminal through a line.

[0042] The test data processing terminal includes a signal line, a pressure sensor control board, a data line, and a computer terminal; the pressure sensor, the signal line, the pressure sensor control board, the data line, and the computer terminal are connected in sequence to realize the real-time transmission of the numerical force of the seeds at the moment of adsorption and blowing; the adsorption force or the blowing force F1 exerted on the rice seeds is obtained through the material mechanical property measurement system, and the adsorption force or the blowing force F1' exerted on the rice seeds is obtained through the high-speed camera structure, and the determination of the numerical value of the seed adsorption force or the blowing force is realized through the correction and comparison of the F1' and F1 values.

[0043] The operation process of the present invention is:

[0044] Before the test, a suitable rice seed posture adjustment bracket is selected, and the seeds are embedded and fixed in the rice seed posture adjustment bracket. The DC fan bracket 20 and the airflow flowmeter bracket 27 are adjusted so that the airflow outlet of the DC fan 5 and the inlet of the airflow flowmeter 7 are located at the same horizontal plane, and then the airflow conveying pipe 6 is placed in the middle position. Subsequently, the working end 17 of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device is installed at the arc-shaped mouth at the end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber 10 of the seed metering device, and the round tube interface at the front end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber 10 of the seed metering device is connected to the end of the airflow flowmeter 7, and the rice seed posture adjustment bracket 19 is adjusted so that the rice seeds 18 are level with the suction hole end; the high-speed camera bracket 9 is adjusted so that the high-speed camera 8 and the rice seeds 18 are kept at the same level. The position of the lever bracket can be adjusted according to the needs of the actual test to meet the test and measurement requirements of the negative pressure adsorption force and the positive pressure blowing force of the rice seeds.

[0045] After the test starts, the knob of the DC fan flow controller 4 is rotated to adjust the speed of the DC fan 5 to a certain appropriate level according to the digital display value of the airflow flowmeter 7, and then the airflow flowing out of the circular tube interface on the front side of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber 10 of the seed planter flows to the DC fan 5 through the airflow conveying pipe 6. At this time, the rice seeds 18 fixed on the rice seed posture adjustment fixing frame at the upper end of the long arm lever 11 are adsorbed by the working suction holes 17 of the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed planter under the action of the negative pressure adsorption force, and then the rice seeds 18 fixed on the rice seed posture adjustment fixing frame of the short arm lever 22 rotate along the opposite direction of movement and collide with the pressure sensor fixed on the lever fixing frame 12 (there is a reserved gap between the pressure sensor and the seeds below), generating instantaneous force and transmitting the generated electrical signal to the pressure sensor control board 14 via the signal line 13, and then transmitted to the computer terminal 16 by the data line 15 after processing and recorded in real time.

[0046] At the same time, the high-speed camera 8 records the image of the rice seed 18 being sucked by the suction hole and transmits it to the computer terminal 16 for recording, thus completing one test process.

[0047] Then, according to the test requirements, the posture of the rice seeds 18 is adjusted and the geometric structure of the negative pressure simulation chamber of the seed metering device is changed, and the test is carried out according to the above steps.

[0048] The test steps and principles of the positive pressure seed blowing force test are as follows: After the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber 10 of the seed metering device is replaced with the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber 26 of the seed metering device, the test process is the same as above.

[0049] Combined with the test process, the device will eventually determine the negative pressure adsorption force and positive pressure blowing force of the rice seeds 18 by the following equation, namely:

[0050]

[0051] Wherein, F1 is the adsorption force or blowing force on rice seeds obtained by the material mechanical properties measurement system, F1' is the adsorption force or blowing force on rice seeds obtained by the high-speed camera structure, L1 is the length of the long arm lever, F2 is the value transmitted to the computer terminal by the pressure sensor, L2 is the length of the short arm lever, m is the mass of rice seeds (obtained according to the actual value of the thousand-grain weight of a certain variety of rice seeds), Δs is the distance between the rice seeds and the suction hole, a is the acceleration of the rice seeds during the adsorption to the suction process, and Δt is the time required for the adsorption process recorded by the high-speed camera.

[0052] The seed adsorption force or seed blowing force value can be determined by comparing the F1' and F1 values ​​determined by the theoretical formula.

[0053] The present invention provides a test bench for testing the mechanical properties of rice seed materials. The negative pressure adsorption force and airflow blowing force exerted on the seeds are converted into direct data through the lever amplification principle, so that researchers can make timely improvements and optimization adjustments to the structure of the seed meter during the design and development cycle of the seed meter. The following parameter relationships can be established based on the actual measurement data of the present invention:

[0054] F=Cρ α μ β Q γ d δ D θ V ω

[0055] In the formula: F is the negative pressure adsorption force or the positive pressure blowing force, C is the constant on the right side of the equation, ρ is the air density, μ is the air dynamic viscosity, Q is the air flow entering or flowing out of the positive and negative pressure ports of the seed metering device, d is the diameter of the suction hole of the seed metering device disc, D is the diameter of the outlet of the negative pressure chamber of the seed metering device or the inlet of the positive pressure chamber, and V is the volume of the negative pressure chamber or the positive pressure chamber of the seed metering device.

[0056] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rice seed material mechanical properties testing bench, characterized by: It includes test instrument operating table, pneumatic system, high-speed camera mechanism, material mechanical property measurement system, and test data processing terminal; The pneumatic system provides positive and negative pressure airflow, the high-speed camera mechanism records the movement characteristics of the seeds at the moment of adsorption or blowing in real time, and the material mechanical property measurement system records the numerical force of the seeds at the moment of adsorption or blowing in real time. The data of the high-speed camera mechanism and the material mechanical property measurement system are processed after the test through the test data processing terminal; The material mechanical property measurement system includes a negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of a seed metering device, a working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device, a positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device, a working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device, a lever fixing frame, a bearing, a long arm lever, a short arm lever, a cross bracket, a rice seed posture adjustment fixing frame, and a pressure sensor; the long arm lever is installed at the upper end of the cross bracket, the short arm lever is installed at the lower end of the cross bracket, the left and right ends of the cross bracket are rotatably connected to the lever fixing frame through bearings, the lever fixing frame is installed on the operating table of the test instrument, the upper end of the long arm lever and the short arm lever are connected to the left and right ends of the cross bracket. The lower end of the arm lever is provided with a rice seed posture adjustment fixing frame; a pressure sensor is provided on one side of the lower end of the short arm lever; the end of the pneumatic system is connected to the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device or the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device is the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device is directly opposite to the upper end of the long arm lever with a gap, the end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device is the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device is directly opposite to the upper end of the long arm lever with a gap; In the material mechanical property measurement system, a cylindrical notch is provided on the lever fixing frame, the outer ring of the bearing is embedded in the cylindrical notch, and the inner ring of the bearing is sleeved on the cross bracket; the upper and lower ends of the cross bracket are both in the shape of a circular tube, the upper end is sleeved on the lower end of the long arm lever, and the lower end is sleeved on the upper end of the short arm lever; the lever fixing frame includes an intermediate plate, and the pressure sensor is installed on the inner side of the intermediate plate; The pneumatic system includes a DC fan circuit I, a DC fan circuit II, a DC fan flow controller, a DC fan, an air flow conveying pipe, an air flow meter, a DC fan bracket, and an air flow meter bracket; The DC fan, the air flow conveying pipe and the air flow meter are connected in sequence, and then connected to the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device or the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device; The DC fan is installed on the test instrument operating table through a DC fan bracket, and the air flow meter is installed on the test instrument operating table through an air flow meter bracket; The DC fan controller contains a DC power supply inside; the DC fan flow controller is connected to the DC fan through the DC fan circuit I and the DC fan circuit II which are connected in parallel, and the DC fan circuit I or the DC fan circuit II is switched by pressing the button of the DC fan flow controller to control the DC fan to provide positive pressure or negative pressure airflow; The DC fan flow controller is also provided with a knob for adjusting the air flow of the DC fan. The air flow of the DC fan is calibrated by real-time data displayed on the air flow meter.

2. A rice seed material mechanical property testing bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the material mechanical properties measurement system, When the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device is located in front of the upper end of the long arm lever, the pressure sensor is located behind the lower end of the short arm lever; When the working end of the positive-pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device is located in front of the upper end of the long-arm lever, the pressure sensor is located in front of the lower end of the short-arm lever.

3. A rice seed material mechanical property testing bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the material mechanical property measurement system, there are multiple models of rice seed posture adjustment fixing frames, corresponding to various postures of seeds, to measure the numerical values ​​of negative pressure adsorption force and positive pressure blowing force of rice seeds under different postures; the seeds are embedded in the rice seed posture adjustment fixing frames.

4. A rice seed material mechanical property testing bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the material mechanical property measurement system, the lever fixing frame is adjustably connected to the test instrument operating table; the length ratio of the long arm lever and the short arm lever is determined according to the mass of the rice seeds and the actual accuracy of the pressure sensor.

5. A rice seed material mechanical property testing bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the material mechanical properties measurement system, the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device, the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device, and the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device are all processed by 3D printing technology; according to the needs of actual experiments, the inner diameter of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device and the inner diameter of the circular tube interface connected to the pneumatic system are changed, the shape of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device and the inner diameter of the circular tube interface connected to the pneumatic system are changed, the suction hole diameter and the suction hole chamfer value of the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber are changed, and the suction hole diameter and the suction hole chamfer value of the working end of the positive pressure seed blowing simulation chamber of the seed metering device are changed.

6. A rice seed material mechanical property testing bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the pneumatic system, the DC fan bracket and the airflow flowmeter bracket are both installed on the test instrument operating table and are height-adjustable. By adjusting the height of the DC fan bracket and the airflow flowmeter bracket, the adsorption force values ​​of the suction holes at different positions on the working end of the negative pressure seed suction simulation chamber of the seed metering device are measured.

7. A rice seed material mechanical property testing bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-speed camera mechanism includes a high-speed camera and a high-speed camera bracket; the height-adjustable high-speed camera bracket is placed on the ground at the same level as the test instrument operating table, the high-speed camera is fixed on the upper side of the high-speed camera bracket, and the high-speed camera is connected to the test data processing terminal through a line.

8. A rice seed material mechanical property testing bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test data processing terminal includes a signal line, a pressure sensor control board, a data line, and a computer terminal; the pressure sensor, the signal line, the pressure sensor control board, the data line, and the computer terminal are connected in sequence to realize the real-time transmission of the numerical force of the seeds at the moment of adsorption and blowing; The adsorption force or blowing force on rice seeds is obtained through the material mechanical properties measurement system F 1. Obtain the adsorption force or blowing force on rice seeds through high-speed camera F 1 ’ ,pass F 1 ’ and F 1 value correction comparison can then be used to determine the seed adsorption force or seed blowing force value.

Images