A self-powered marine environment monitoring network system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a self-powered marine environment monitoring network system, including a data acquisition unit, a mid-end data processing unit and a remote receiving end; the mid-end data processing unit is arranged on the top of the ship for wireless communication to receive the collected data of several data acquisition units scattered on the sea surface and to summarize the collected data in the form of Beidou short message and send it to the remote receiving end; the data acquisition unit includes a friction nanogenerator, an energy storage module, a first single-chip microcomputer, a temperature sensor, a water quality sensor, a GPS positioning module, and a first wireless transmission module; the friction nanogenerator converts wave energy into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage module; the temperature sensor, the water quality sensor, the GPS positioning module and the first wireless transmission module are electrically connected to the first single-chip microcomputer. The main innovation of the present invention is that the friction nanogenerator is used to power the data acquisition unit, which can realize sustainable and long-term power supply, and there is no need to consider the power supply problem during drifting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine environment monitoring, in particular to a self-powered marine environment monitoring network system. Background Art

[0002] In the sea area far from the land, there is a lack of network signals, and it is difficult to transmit the information collected by the sensor to the distant land surface. In the past, marine environmental monitoring could only carry out wireless communication in a small range. It was difficult to communicate this information with the distant land surface on the sea surface with poor network signals. In addition, the collection devices placed on the sea surface have the disadvantages of unstable power supply, high power consumption, poor network signal, and poor data transmission efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a self-powered marine environment monitoring network system. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a self-powered marine environment monitoring network system, which uses friction nanogenerators to power distributed monitoring sensors, realizes self-powering and long-term continuous marine environment monitoring within the distributed network, and solves the problems of poor endurance, small monitoring range and short data transmission distance of marine environment monitoring sensors in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A self-powered marine environment monitoring network system comprises a data acquisition unit, a mid-end data processing unit and a remote receiving end; the mid-end data processing unit is arranged on the top of a ship and is used for wireless communication to receive the collected data of a plurality of data acquisition units scattered on the sea surface and to summarize the collected data and send it to the remote receiving end in the form of Beidou short messages; the data acquisition unit comprises a friction nanogenerator, an energy storage module, a first single-chip microcomputer, a temperature sensor, a water quality sensor, a GPS positioning module and a first wireless transmission module; the friction nanogenerator converts wave energy into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage module, and the energy storage module supplies power to the first single-chip microcomputer, the temperature sensor, the water quality sensor, the GPS positioning module and the first wireless transmission module; the temperature sensor, the water quality sensor, the GPS positioning module and the first wireless transmission module are electrically connected to the first single-chip microcomputer.

[0006] The main innovation of the present invention is that a friction nanogenerator is used to power the data acquisition unit, which can achieve sustainable and long-term power supply, and there is no need to consider the power supply problem during the drifting process.

[0007] The friction nanogenerator includes a hollow base, an axis, a bearing, a pendulum, a counterweight, a power generation unit, a folding connecting membrane, an adjustment block, an electric wire, a rectifier bridge and a transparent cover. A cavity is provided in a recessed middle position on the top surface of the base, and the axis is fixedly arranged in the cavity; the pendulum is movably mounted on the axis through a bearing; a counterweight is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the pendulum; an adjustment block is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the pendulum, and the adjustment blocks are fixedly arranged on both sides of the cavity; multiple groups of power generation units are provided on the left and right sides of the pendulum, and the multiple groups of power generation units are connected together through a folding connecting membrane; one side of the folding connecting membrane is fixedly attached to the pendulum, and the other side of the folding connecting membrane is fixedly attached to the adjustment block; the power generation unit is connected to the rectifier bridge through electric wires; the rectifier bridge is connected to the energy storage module; and a transparent cover is sealed and fixedly arranged on the base.

[0008] Furthermore, the power generation unit is composed of two spring steel sheets and one contact membrane, and one spring steel sheet is fixedly arranged on each opposite surface of the folded inner cavity of the folded connecting membrane, and a contact film is pasted on the surface of one spring steel sheet that is not in contact with the folded connecting membrane; the spring steel sheet pasted with the contact film is one electrode, and a single spring steel sheet is another electrode, that is, there are two types of electrodes in the power generation unit; the bottom of the spring steel sheet is connected to an electric wire, and the wires on the same type of electrodes are connected in parallel when the charge is output.

[0009] Furthermore, the energy storage module, the first single-chip microcomputer, the GPS positioning module and the first wireless transmission module are fixedly arranged inside the base; and the temperature sensor and the water quality sensor are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the base.

[0010] Furthermore, the mid-end data processing unit includes a Beidou module, a second single-chip microcomputer, a solar panel, a battery and a second wireless transmission module; the solar panel charges the battery, and the battery supplies power to the second single-chip microcomputer, the second wireless transmission module and the Beidou module; the second wireless transmission module receives the collected data from the data acquisition unit and sends it to the second single-chip microcomputer for processing; the second single-chip microcomputer summarizes the processed collected data and sends it to the Beidou module, and the Beidou module communicates with the remote receiving end using the Beidou satellite in the form of Beidou short messages; the mid-end data processing unit acts as a transfer station, summarizing the data transmitted back by the large-volume data acquisition unit and transmitting it over ultra-long distances in the form of Beidou short messages.

[0011] Furthermore, the remote receiving end includes a Beidou short message receiving module and a PC; the Beidou short message receiving module is connected to the PC, and the PC is used to view the data information received by the Beidou short message receiving module to realize remote marine environment monitoring.

[0012] Furthermore, the first single-chip microcomputer is a low-power single-chip microcomputer, and the first wireless transmission module is a low-power wireless communication module. The main power consumers in the data acquisition unit are the single-chip microcomputer and the wireless transmission module. The single-chip microcomputer only needs to receive data and transmit it through the wireless transmission module. There is no need to use a high-computation and high-power single-chip microcomputer. The wireless transmission module transmits data over a short distance and does not need to use a high-power wireless transmission module, thereby reducing the power consumption of the data acquisition unit as a whole, to ensure that the power consumption of the data acquisition unit does not exceed the standard over a long distance in the ocean.

[0013] Furthermore, the second single-chip microcomputer is a low-power single-chip microcomputer, and the second wireless transmission module is a high-power wireless communication module. The second wireless transmission module is used to simultaneously receive data transmitted back by multiple data acquisition units, and a high-power transmission module is required to avoid signal reception congestion; and the second single-chip microcomputer adopts a low-power single-chip microcomputer, which can reduce energy consumption and ensure that the battery can continuously and stably output power.

[0014] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: the technical solution of the present invention adopts a friction nanogenerator to convert wave energy into electrical energy to power a data acquisition unit in terms of self-power supply, and a solar panel to power a mid-end data processing unit, so that no external power supply is required during the entire process of ocean monitoring data collection and transmission; in terms of data signal transmission, the short message communication technology based on the Beidou system is adopted to summarize the data of several distributed data acquisition units within a certain range, and the summarized data is remotely communicated in the form of short messages through the Beidou module, and wireless transmission is used as the main transmission method to realize remote monitoring of the ocean environment, solving the communication problem between the ocean and the inland. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A block diagram of a self-powered marine environment monitoring network system of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of a data acquisition unit of a self-powered marine environment monitoring network system of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a mid-end data processing unit of a self-powered marine environment monitoring network system of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a remote receiving end of a self-powered marine environment monitoring network system of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of a friction nanogenerator in a self-powered marine environment monitoring network system of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6A front view of a friction nanogenerator in a self-powered marine environment monitoring network system of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a bottom view of a power generation unit and a folded connection membrane in a normal state in a friction nanogenerator in a self-powered marine environment monitoring network system of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional diagram of an internal pendulum of a friction nanogenerator in a self-powered marine environment monitoring network system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a self-powered marine environment monitoring network system includes a data acquisition unit, a mid-end data processing unit and a remote receiving end; a plurality of data acquisition units are placed at a certain distance on the sea surface to form a distributed marine environment monitoring network. The data acquisition unit mainly collects marine environment data and location data. The mid-end data processing unit is installed on the top of the ship, and is used to receive and summarize the data sent by a plurality of data acquisition units within the range of the distributed network, and use the Beidou module to send the summarized data to the remote receiving end in the form of Beidou short messages.

[0025] like Figure 2As shown, the data acquisition unit includes a friction nanogenerator, an energy storage module, a first single-chip microcomputer, a temperature sensor, a water quality sensor, a GPS positioning module, and a first wireless transmission module; the friction nanogenerator is connected to the energy storage module, and the friction nanogenerator mainly converts ocean wave energy into electrical energy and stores the electrical energy in the energy storage module; the electrical energy stored in the energy storage module is used to power the first single-chip microcomputer, the temperature sensor, the water quality sensor, the GPS positioning module, and the first wireless transmission module. The first single-chip microcomputer is connected to the temperature sensor, the water quality sensor, the GPS positioning module, and the first wireless transmission module respectively. The first single-chip microcomputer uses a low-power single-chip microcomputer and is the main control system of the data acquisition unit; the temperature sensor collects the temperature data of the ocean at the location and sends it to the first single-chip microcomputer. The water quality sensor collects the water quality data of the ocean at the location and sends it to the first single-chip microcomputer. The GPS positioning module sends its location information to the first single-chip microcomputer by receiving GPS satellite signals; the first wireless transmission module sends the temperature, water quality, and location information received by the first single-chip microcomputer to the mid-end data processing unit. The first wireless transmission module is a low-power wireless transmission module, which has the characteristics of strong short-distance transmission capability and low power consumption. The first single-chip microcomputer and the first wireless transmission module both use low-power consumption devices to reduce the power consumption of the data acquisition unit as a whole.

[0026] The friction nanogenerator is a multi-layer folding friction nanogenerator, which adopts the contact separation form. Since the middle brass block has inertia, the brass block can swing left and right under the action of waves, driving the stacking of friction nanogenerators on the left and right sides of the brass block to expand and close, forming the contact and separation of the generator, and generating electrical output. The specific structure of the friction nanogenerator is as follows Figure 5-8As shown, it includes a hollow base 1, a shaft 2, a bearing 3, a pendulum 4, a counterweight 5, a power generation unit 6, a folding connection membrane 7, an adjustment block 8, a wire 9, a rectifier bridge 10 and a transparent cover 11. A cavity 12 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the base 1, and the cavity 12 is in the shape of a square pool. The shaft 2 is fixedly arranged in the cavity 12 across, that is, the shaft 2 is arranged between the two opposite surfaces of the cavity 12 and is located in the middle position (including the vertical direction and the horizontal direction), providing space for the installation of the pendulum later. The pendulum 4 is movably installed on the shaft 2 through the bearing 3. The pendulum 4 is composed of a through pipe and two vertical plates. The two vertical plates are fixed on the through pipe and arranged parallel to the axis of the through pipe. The specific installation method is that the through pipe is connected and installed with the shaft 2 through the bearings 3 installed at both ends, so that the swing resistance of the pendulum 4 is very small. A counterweight 5 is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the pendulum 4. The counterweight 5 is arranged in the gap between the upper parts of the two vertical plates. The main function of the counterweight 5 is to increase the swing amplitude of the pendulum 4. An adjusting block 8 is provided on each of the left and right sides of the ornament 4. The adjusting block 8 is fixedly provided on both sides of the cavity 12. The adjusting block 8 is a rectangular block with an upper surface that is an inclined surface, and the inclined surface faces the ornament 4. A plurality of power generation units 6 are provided on the left and right sides of the ornament 4, with 8 groups provided on each side; the 8 groups of power generation units 6 are connected together by a folding connecting membrane 7; the folding method of the folding connecting membrane 7 is fan-shaped folding, and the membrane adopts a membrane with a certain shape and thickness, and its main function is to maintain a certain shape when stretched or contracted. The power generation unit 6 is composed of 2 spring steel sheets 61 and 1 contact membrane 62. The thickness of the spring steel sheet 61 is less than 0.5 mm, the width is 5.0 cm, and the height is 5.0-10.0 cm. The contact membrane 62 adopts an 80-micron PTFE membrane, and the size is the same as that of the spring steel sheet 61. Figure 7 As shown, one spring steel sheet 61 is fixedly arranged on each opposite surface of the folding inner cavity (folding overlap area) of the folding connection membrane 7, and two spring steel sheets 61 are arranged oppositely, and a contact membrane 62 is pasted on the surface of one spring steel sheet 61 that is not in contact with the folding connection membrane 7; an electric wire 9 is arranged at the bottom of the spring steel sheet 61. One side of the folding connection membrane 7 is fixedly pasted on the ornament 4, and the other side of the folding connection membrane 7 is fixedly pasted on the adjustment block 8. During the swinging process of the ornament 4, the folding connection membrane 7 will be stretched or contracted. During the stretching or contraction process of the folding connection membrane 7, the spring steel sheet 61 and the contact membrane 62 are separated or contacted. During the separation or contact process, electric charges will be generated on the spring steel sheet 61, and the electric charges will be transferred along the electric wire 9 at the bottom of the spring steel sheet 61.

[0027] The specific principle of generating power generation charge is: when the power generation unit is closed and contacted, friction will form surface charges of opposite signs on the contact surfaces of the two electrodes (the spring steel sheet with the contact film attached is one electrode, and a single spring steel sheet is the other electrode); when the power generation unit is separated and expanded, a small air gap will be formed between the two electrodes, and an induced potential difference will be formed between the two poles. Electrons will flow from one electrode to the other through the load, forming a reverse potential difference to balance the electrostatic field. When the air gap between the two electrodes is closed again, the potential difference formed by the friction charge disappears, and the electrons will flow back.

[0028] The power generation unit 6 is connected to the rectifier bridge 10 through the wire 9. The wire 9 on the spring steel sheet 61 with the contact film 62 and the wire 9 on a single spring steel sheet 61 are connected in parallel and then connected to the rectifier bridge 10, that is, the wires 9 on the same type of electrodes are connected in parallel. The rectifier bridge 10 is connected to the energy storage module. After passing through the rectifier bridge 10, the alternating current generated by the power generation unit 6 will be converted into direct current to charge the energy storage module, which is a capacitor battery. A transparent cover 11 is sealed and fixed on the base 1. The transparent cover 11 covers all the parts on the base 1 to prevent seawater from entering the interior.

[0029] The energy storage module, the first single-chip microcomputer, the GPS positioning module and the first wireless transmission module are fixedly arranged inside the base 1. When designing, the weight distribution of each part of the base 1 needs to be balanced, so that the bottom is heavier and the upper part is lighter, forming a "tumbler" style, and the transparent cover 11 can be kept facing upward no matter what situation is encountered in the sea water. The temperature sensor and the water quality sensor are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the base 1, which can ensure that the temperature sensor and the water quality sensor are in real-time contact with the sea water.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the mid-end data processing unit includes a Beidou module, a second single-chip microcomputer, a solar panel, a battery, and a second wireless transmission module; the solar panel charges the battery, and the battery supplies power to the second single-chip microcomputer, the second wireless transmission module, and the Beidou module. The second single-chip microcomputer is connected to the second wireless transmission module and the Beidou module respectively; the second single-chip microcomputer adopts a low-power single-chip microcomputer, which is the main control system of the mid-end data processing unit, and can reduce energy consumption and ensure that the battery can continuously and stably output power. The second wireless transmission module receives the data transmitted by the data acquisition unit and sends it to the second single-chip microcomputer for processing; the second single-chip microcomputer sends the processed information to the Beidou module in the form of Beidou short messages, and uses Beidou satellites to communicate with the remote receiving end. The second wireless transmission module adopts a high-power wireless transmission module. Because it needs to receive data transmitted back by multiple data acquisition units at the same time, the low-power wireless transmission module will have data reception congestion, and it may also cause data loss.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, the remote receiving end includes a Beidou short message receiving module and a PC; the Beidou short message receiving module is connected to the PC to view the received data information and realize remote marine environment monitoring.

[0032] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described and illustrated in detail above, it should be noted that various changes and modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A self-powered marine environment monitoring network system, characterized in that: It includes a data acquisition unit, a mid-end data processing unit and a remote receiving end; The mid-end data processing unit is arranged on the top of the ship for wireless communication to receive the collected data from a number of data collection units scattered on the sea surface and to summarize the collected data in the form of Beidou short messages and send them to the remote receiving end; The data acquisition unit includes a friction nanogenerator, an energy storage module, a first single-chip microcomputer, a temperature sensor, a water quality sensor, a GPS positioning module, and a first wireless transmission module; the friction nanogenerator converts wave energy into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage module, and the energy storage module supplies power to the first single-chip microcomputer, the temperature sensor, the water quality sensor, the GPS positioning module, and the first wireless transmission module; the temperature sensor, the water quality sensor, the GPS positioning module, and the first wireless transmission module are electrically connected to the first single-chip microcomputer; The friction nanogenerator comprises a hollow base (1), a shaft (2), a bearing (3), a pendulum (4), a counterweight (5), a power generation unit (6), a folding connection membrane (7), an adjustment block (8), an electric wire (9), a rectifier bridge (10) and a transparent cover (11); a cavity (12) is provided in a recessed position in the middle of the top surface of the base (1); the shaft (2) is fixedly arranged in the cavity (12); the pendulum (4) is movably mounted on the shaft (2) via the bearing (3); a counterweight (5) is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the pendulum (4); and a left and right side of the pendulum (4) are provided respectively. There is an adjustment block (8), which is fixedly arranged on both sides of the cavity (12); a plurality of groups of power generation units (6) are arranged on the left and right sides of the ornament (4), and the plurality of groups of power generation units (6) are connected together through a folding connection film (7); one side of the folding connection film (7) is fixedly attached to the ornament (4), and the other side of the folding connection film (7) is fixedly attached to the adjustment block (8); the power generation unit (6) is connected to a rectifier bridge (10) through an electric wire (9); the rectifier bridge (10) is connected to an energy storage module; a transparent cover (11) is sealed and fixedly arranged on the base (1); The power generation unit (6) is composed of two spring steel sheets (61) and one contact membrane (62); one spring steel sheet (61) is fixedly disposed on each of the opposite surfaces of the folded inner cavity of the folded connection membrane (7); the contact membrane (62) is adhered to the surface of one of the spring steel sheets (61) that is not in contact with the folded connection membrane (7); and the bottom of the spring steel sheet (61) is connected to an electric wire (9).

2. A self-powered marine environment monitoring network system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage module, the first single-chip microcomputer, the GPS positioning module and the first wireless transmission module are fixedly arranged inside the base (1); and the temperature sensor and the water quality sensor are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the base (1).

3. A self-powered marine environment monitoring network system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mid-end data processing unit includes a Beidou module, a second single-chip microcomputer, a solar panel, a battery and a second wireless transmission module; the solar panel charges the battery, and the battery supplies power to the second single-chip microcomputer, the second wireless transmission module and the Beidou module; the second wireless transmission module receives the collected data from the data acquisition unit and sends it to the second single-chip microcomputer for processing; the second single-chip microcomputer summarizes the processed collected data and sends it to the Beidou module, and the Beidou module communicates with the remote receiving end using the Beidou satellite in the form of Beidou short messages.

4. A self-powered marine environment monitoring network system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The remote receiving end includes a Beidou short message receiving module and a PC; the Beidou short message receiving module is connected to the PC, and the PC is used to view the data information received by the Beidou short message receiving module to realize remote marine environment monitoring.

5. A self-powered marine environment monitoring network system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first single-chip microcomputer is a low-power single-chip microcomputer, and the first wireless transmission module is a low-power wireless communication module.

6. A self-powered marine environment monitoring network system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second single-chip microcomputer is a low-power single-chip microcomputer, and the second wireless transmission module is a high-power wireless communication module.

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