Portable, single-use device for accessing a restricted access area, associated access key generation system and associated access control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (4) for accessing a restricted access area or a controlled access area, comprising a support (8) comprising a disposable part (24) and a retainable part (26), a sensor (10) carried by the disposable part (24) and configured to measure at least one health parameter of a subject and to deliver a detection signal representative of the measured value of each health parameter, an access control stage (18) carried by the retainable part (26) and configured to store access information dependent on the detection signal delivered by the sensor (10), the retainable part (26) being mechanically separable from the disposable part (24) so as to form an access key allowing access or otherwise entering the restricted access area or the controlled access area dependent on the access information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a portable, single-use device for accessing restricted access areas. The invention also relates to an access key generation system including such an access device, and a method for controlling access to restricted access areas.

[0002] This invention is applicable to the measurement of health parameters of humans or animals, especially the analysis of biological samples, particularly biological samples obtained from humans or animals that are susceptible to pathogens, in order to authorize or deauthorize their access to restricted areas that attempt to limit the risk of contamination. Background Technology

[0003] It is known to seek to determine whether the health status of subjects (i.e., organisms such as humans or animals) meets the criteria for their access to restricted areas. Such assessments are meaningful, for example, in controlling infectious disease outbreaks that can lead to real health-related, humanitarian, and economic catastrophes, sometimes on a global scale, and whose harmful effects can be long-lasting. The COVID-19 pandemic is a prime example.

[0004] Current solutions typically involve testing biological samples taken from subjects who wish to determine whether they are permitted access to restricted areas. Alternatively, or in combination, such testing could be performed directly on the subjects.

[0005] The term "restricted access" is understood to refer to areas that are strictly reserved for a certain type of people or animals, or areas where access is to be controlled.

[0006] In the context of this invention, the term "health parameter" is understood to refer to biological, physiological, or chemical parameters that can identify and / or quantify conditions related to the health of a person or animal.

[0007] In the context of this invention, the term "biological sample" is understood to mean a liquid, gas, or solid sample taken from a subject and for which it is desired to determine whether it contains at least one predetermined analyte. Biological samples can be from any biological source, such as physiological fluids, including blood, saliva, eye discharge, cerebrospinal fluid, sweat, urine, feces, semen, breast milk, ascites, mucous membranes, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid, amniotic fluid, tissues, cultured cells, etc.

[0008] The collected biological material can be used as a biological sample directly in the form obtained at the time of collection or at the end of pretreatment performed to alter its properties. For example, the initial solid or semi-solid biological material can be made into a liquid by dissolving or suspending it in a suitable liquid medium.

[0009] In the context of this invention, the term "analyte" is understood to refer to a biologically derived compound, which may be a nucleic acid or a protein (particularly derived from contaminating microorganisms, possibly infectious microorganisms), with the aim of determining the presence and / or concentration of such analytes in a biological sample. In particular, this invention is very useful for detecting specific proteins of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid) chains, or those involving infectious contaminants such as coronaviruses from bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, including, for example, SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), influenza, Ebola virus, dengue fever, chikungunya, or Zika. Other types of analytes may include hormones, enzymes, glucose, exogenous compounds (ethanol, pharmaceutical or anesthetic compounds and / or their metabolites), coagulation parameters (particularly factors VII, V, X, II, and fibrinogen present in plasma), endogenous proteins (e.g., proteins released from the myocardium), metabolites, nucleic acids, etc., with the aim of determining the presence and / or concentration of such analytes in a biological sample.

[0010] In addition, these biological, physiological or physical parameters include body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen level, pH, etc.

[0011] Traditionally, biological samples are collected and analyzed in a laboratory. Afterward, biologists draft an analysis report, and depending on the report's content, the subjects from whom the samples were collected are authorized or not authorized to enter restricted access areas.

[0012] However, such a process is not entirely satisfactory.

[0013] In fact, such a process can be difficult to automate and is time-consuming, especially in terms of the logistics associated with processing the collected samples. Therefore, it is not applicable to entrances to enclosed vehicles (airplanes, trains, ships, etc.) where the health status or level of contamination of each person who has booked a ticket is considered when determining their eligibility to board. However, such vehicles are particularly sensitive to the health effects of visitors or staff, especially since they may endanger the safety of users or introduce contamination.

[0014] Similarly, this process cannot be applied on a large scale, for example, to test potential participants and staff at sporting, cultural, or religious gatherings, or to screen visitors or staff at social, medical, or health facilities (such as residential facilities for cared-for seniors).

[0015] The current limitations on its use are particularly the shortest time to obtain test results (usually more than ten minutes), the low reliability of the test (with a significant false negative rate), and the difficulty in traceability of samples, which may lead to delays, errors, or fraud.

[0016] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an access device that enables the generation of access keys in a simple, fast and automated manner, thereby allowing screening of subjects based on their health status. Summary of the Invention

[0017] Therefore, the present invention relates to an access device of the aforementioned type, comprising a support, a sensor, and an access control level. The support includes a disposable portion and a reusable portion. The sensor, carried by the disposable portion of the support, is configured to measure at least one health parameter of a subject and deliver a detection signal representing a measurement value for each health parameter. The access control level, carried by the reusable portion of the support, is configured to preferably store access information dependent on the detection signal delivered by the sensor in encrypted form. The reusable portion of the support is mechanically separable from the disposable portion to form an access key that allows or prohibits access to the restricted access area based on the access information. The reusable portion is thus configured to form a functional unit independent of the disposable portion. After separation from the disposable portion, the reusable portion forms a key that can be used independently of the disposable portion. Separation is understood to mean explicit disconnection or disconnection, allowing the key portion to be reconnected to a new disposable sensor portion, which would allow the key to be reused later.

[0018] In fact, such access devices combine:

[0019] - A sensor designed to autonomously and onboard measure each health parameter of a subject, such as the presence of at least one predetermined analyte in a biological sample taken from the subject; and

[0020] - Access control level, which is designed to store information that depends on such detection, regardless of whether that information is coupled with biometric data.

[0021] By separating the reusable portion (which has an access control level) from the disposable portion (which contains used biosensors), an access key that can be used as an access license is obtained.

[0022] In this way, no intervention from biologists is required, and subjects can quickly and automatically obtain access keys. Furthermore, potentially contaminated (or even in the process of contamination) single-use portions can simply be disposed of, for example, in a secure container provided at the testing site, and / or immersed in a disinfectant solution to neutralize any potential hazards they may pose.

[0023] Depending on the access information stored on the access key, such as access information read by a reader set up at the entrance to the restricted access area, a subject may or may not be authorized to access the area.

[0024] Therefore, the access device according to the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] - Ergonomics and Hygiene: The test may be non-invasive (e.g., when it is based on using the subject's saliva as a biological sample), allowing human subjects to perform it themselves. Potentially contaminated sensors are removed and discarded. Additionally, screening of test subjects can be conducted without any human intervention, such as via automated gantry;

[0026] - Manufacturing cost: Such equipment is simple to produce due to its structure, and therefore has low manufacturing cost;

[0027] - Testing speed: The sensor can be optimized to deliver a detection signal in just a few minutes. Furthermore, in jurisdictions where legislation permits, testing can be performed without biologist intervention, enabling rapid acquisition of access keys.

[0028] According to other advantageous aspects of the invention, the access device has one or more of the following features, individually or in any technically possible combination:

[0029] - The sensor is designed to contact a biological sample taken from a subject, and the sensor is further configured to deliver a detection signal representing the presence or absence of at least one predetermined analyte in the biological sample, the detection signal also representing the presence or absence of at least one predetermined analyte in the biological sample;

[0030] - The access information includes the detection signal, and / or data related to the presence or absence of at least one predetermined analyte in a biological sample taken from the subject, and / or data related to the timestamp and the validity period of the access authorization, and / or data related to the valid location of the access authorization, and preferably a unique identifier of the subject;

[0031] - This access control level is further configured to store a unique identifier for the subject from whom biological samples have been collected;

[0032] - The access control level is configured to receive a detection signal, and is further configured to establish a preferably encrypted wireless link with an external data processing unit and transmit the detection signal received from the sensor to the data processing unit via the wireless link. The access control level is also configured to receive an analysis signal based on the detection signal and including the access information from the data processing unit via the wireless link.

[0033] - The access control level is also configured to receive energy via the wireless link, the access control level is configured to acquire at least some of the received energy to generate an interrogation signal for the sensor, and the sensor is configured to deliver the detection signal after receiving the interrogation signal generated by the access control level;

[0034] - The access control level is electrically connected to the sensor via a connection bus. The retainable portion of the support is configured to be separated from the disposable portion by breaking along a predetermined break line. The connection bus is configured to preferably be cut off at the break line when the retainable portion is separated from the disposable portion.

[0035] For example, in this particular embodiment, the retainable portion may consist of several detachable portions, each containing an access control level, arranged sequentially and linked together via a connection bus to receive information from the same sample. It should be noted that once the test has been performed, a break in the connection bus will not affect information already transmitted to one or more access control levels; or

[0036] - The access control level is electrically connected to the sensor via a connection bus. The retainable portion of the support is configured to separate from the disposable portion by being peeled off at a predetermined bonding area. The electrical continuity of the connection bus in this bonding area is provided by conductive adhesive or by a through-hole configured to disconnect during peeling. It should be noted that once testing has been performed, peeling off the connection bus does not affect information already transmitted to the access control level; or

[0037] The access control level is electrically connected to the sensor via a connection bus. The reusable portion of the support is configured to separate from the disposable portion upon disconnection. These two portions are connected to each other via a multi-contact connector (e.g., a USB key system or memory card). The common portion of the connector can be contained within the reusable portion or the disposable portion. In this case, the connection bus is configured to be interrupted, preferably in the disconnection zone, during the separation of the reusable portion 26 from the disposable portion 24. In this way, the reusable PASS portion can be reused with a new disposable sensor portion once reset. It should be noted that once the test has been performed, disconnection does not affect information already transmitted to the access control level.

[0038] - This access control level forms at least a portion of a radio tag, which is preferably capable of implementing near-field communication;

[0039] - The retainable portion of the sensor and the support are spaced apart from each other, and the distance between the sensor and the retainable portion of the support is greater than a predetermined contamination limit.

[0040] In addition, the present invention relates to an access key generation system, including an access device as defined above and a data processing unit configured to receive the detection signal to generate an analysis signal including access information based on the received detection signal, and to provide the analysis signal to the access control level.

[0041] Furthermore, the present invention relates to an access control method for authorizing or deauthorizing a subject's access to a restricted access area, the method being performed using an access device as defined above and comprising the following steps:

[0042] • Measure at least one health parameter of the subject using sensors;

[0043] • Access information is generated based on the detection signal;

[0044] • Store this access information at the access control level; and

[0045] • Separate the reusable portion of the support from the disposable portion to form an access key.

[0046] According to another advantageous aspect of the invention, the access control method has one or more of the following features, individually or in any technically possible combination:

[0047] - The method also includes recording a unique identifier for the subject from whom biological samples have been collected at the access control level;

[0048] -The method also includes the following steps:

[0049] • The detection signal delivered by the sensor is transmitted to the data processing unit via a preferably encrypted wireless link;

[0050] • The data processing unit is used to analyze the detection signal delivered by the sensor to determine the value of each health parameter, and to generate the access information based on the analysis of the detection signal; and

[0051] • After the data processing unit has generated the access information, the analysis signal including the generated access information is transmitted from the data processing unit to the access control level via the wireless link;

[0052] -The method also includes the following steps:

[0053] • Present the generated access key to the reader located at the entrance of the restricted access area;

[0054] • The reader reads the access information of the access key stored in the access control level;

[0055] • Authorize or deny the subject access to the restricted access area based on the access information read;

[0056] During the period of authorized or unauthorized access to the restricted access area, access to the restricted access area is authorized if the access information indicates that at least one predetermined analyte is not present in the biological sample taken from the subject, or if the value of the health parameter falls within a predetermined range or threshold; otherwise, access is prohibited. Attached Figure Description

[0057] The invention will be better understood by the following description, given only by way of non-limiting example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0058] - Figure 1 This is a schematic representation of the access key generation system according to the present invention;

[0059] - Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic perspective view of the break line of the support member of the first embodiment of the access device of the access key generation system.

[0060] - Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic perspective view of the stripping area of ​​the support member of a second embodiment of the access device of the access key generation system; and

[0061] - Figure 4 A retainable portion of the support is shown, which is configured to separate from the disposable portion by disconnecting the connection. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The access key generation system 2 according to the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown.

[0063] For example, this generation system 2 is designed for rapid immune self-testing of viral load via electronic biodetection of saliva samples.

[0064] System 2 can provide access keys that allow determination of whether a subject is authorized to access a restricted area. As will be seen in the following description, such access keys are physical objects, not virtual ones.

[0065] The generation system 2 includes an access device 4 and a data processing unit 6, which is configured to cooperate with the access device 4 to set parameters of the access key.

[0066] structure

[0067] Access device

[0068] As can be seen from the following description, access device 6 is a portable, single-use device.

[0069] More precisely, in the context of this invention, "single-use" means that, for a given access device 4, a single subject or a single biological sample is tested, and the sensor 10 of the access device is preferably discarded (or even destroyed) after such testing. On the other hand, as will be described later, the access key itself can be presented multiple times during the examination, intended to determine whether the subject is authorized or not authorized to access one or more restricted access areas within a restricted or unrestricted time window.

[0070] Access device 4 includes a support 8, a sensor 10, and an integrated circuit 12 electrically connected to the sensor 10 via a connection bus 14.

[0071] Sensor 10 is configured to measure at least one health parameter of the subject, each health parameter representing the subject's health status.

[0072] For example, sensor 10 is configured to measure the subject's temperature or blood pressure (with or without contact with the subject), or even measure the pH of a biological sample obtained from the subject.

[0073] According to another example, sensor 10 is sensitive to at least one predetermined analyte. In this case, sensor 10 is designed to contact a test biological sample taken from a subject to measure the presence or absence of each predetermined analyte, or even its concentration in the biological sample.

[0074] For example, the predetermined analyte is a compound such as a nucleic acid or protein representing a microbial contaminant (such as a viral or bacterial contaminant), and / or an antibody specific to a given antigen, and / or an analyte representing a concentration or value of a health status alteration and / or poisoning and / or physicochemical parameter.

[0075] Furthermore, sensor 10 is configured to deliver a detection signal representing a measurement value for each predetermined health parameter. For example, sensor 10 is configured such that for each predetermined analyte, the detection signal represents the presence and / or concentration of the analyte in the biological sample.

[0076] For example, biological samples are bodily fluids, such as breath, saliva, sputum, sebum, sweat, blood, or wound exudate. For instance, biological samples are obtained from samples taken from the subject's nasopharynx or oral cavity (saliva, sputum, etc.).

[0077] For example, in cases where sensor 10 is sensitive to at least one predetermined analyte, sensor 10 includes a sensitive surface having a graphene sheet deposited on a rigid substrate (e.g., silicone) or a flexible substrate (polymer). Graphene is a particularly advantageous material in this invention because the large-scale production of graphene allows for the development of single-use precision sensors at reduced cost, and due to its applications in surface chemistry. In this case, the graphene sheet is covered with a thin layer having functional groups specific to a given analyte (e.g., DNA strands, oligonucleotides, aptamers, peptides, enzymes, or antibodies). If the biological sample includes the analyte, a biorecognition reaction occurs between the functional groups and the analyte, resulting in the immobilization of the analyte and consequently a change in the electrostatic charge induced on the surface of the graphene sheet. In particular, the greater the concentration of the analyte in the biological sample, the greater this change in electrostatic charge. This change in electrostatic charge causes a change in the conductivity of the graphene sheet, the magnitude of which reflects the concentration of the analyte. This change in conductivity can be determined from the detection signal delivered by sensor 10.

[0078] Integrated circuit 12 is configured to receive detection signals delivered by sensor 10 and transmitted via connection bus 14, which is generated, for example, via conductive rail 15.

[0079] Integrated circuit 12 is also configured to exchange signals with data processing unit 6 via wireless communication to generate an access key.

[0080] Advantageously, the wireless communication module 12 is also configured to receive energy from the data processing unit 6 wirelessly. This energy transfer is achieved, for example, through induction.

[0081] Implementing this wireless power transfer is advantageous because it eliminates the need for power storage devices at the access device 4 level.

[0082] For example, integrated circuit 12 is configured to obtain power from wireless link 20, which will be described later.

[0083] Integrated circuit 12 includes a digitization level 16 and an access control level 18 that are electrically connected to each other.

[0084] The digitization stage 16 is connected to the sensor 10 to receive the analog detection signal delivered by the sensor 10 and convert it into a digital detection signal applied to the input of the access control stage 18.

[0085] As a variant, digitization level 16 is not integrated into integrated circuit 12, but is implemented through separate electronic components. According to another variant, the digitization function is performed by access control level 18 itself.

[0086] Access control level 18 is configured to generate an interrogation signal for sensor 10. In this case, sensor 10 is configured to deliver a detection signal after receiving the interrogation signal delivered by access control level 18. Specifically, access control level 18 is configured to generate the interrogation signal from at least some energy received by integrated circuit 12 from data processing unit 6.

[0087] Furthermore, the access control level 18 is configured to establish a preferably encrypted wireless link 20 with the data processing unit 6. Additionally, the access control level 18 is configured to transmit detection signals received from the sensor 10 to the data processing unit 6 via the wireless link 20.

[0088] This wireless link 20 is established specifically through the antenna (not shown) of the access control level 18.

[0089] Encryption of the wireless link 20 is advantageous because such a link transmits a detection signal from which sensitive data, such as confidential data, related to the subject from whom biological samples have been collected can be extracted.

[0090] Preferably, the access control level 18 is also configured to transmit information related to the sensor 10 to the data processing unit 6 via the wireless link 20. This information related to the sensor 10 is registered in the access control level 18, for example, during the manufacture of the access device 4, and can be used by the data processing unit 6 during the analysis of the detection signal, as will be described later.

[0091] Access control level 18 is also configured to receive, via wireless link 20, an analysis signal established based on the detection signal and including access information from the data processing unit.

[0092] Advantageously, access control level 18 is further configured to store a unique identifier for the subject whose health parameters(s) are measured. For example, the unique identifier is transmitted from data processing unit 6 to access control level 18 via wireless link 20.

[0093] Advantageously, the access control level 18 forms at least a portion of the radio tag, also known as an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag. In this case, the radio tag is preferably capable of implementing near-field communication (NFC). As a variant, the radio tag is capable of implementing wireless communication with a carrier frequency belonging to the ultra-high frequency domain, particularly between 860 MHz and 960 MHz, such as wireless communication defined by standards EPCglobal or ISO 18000-6C.

[0094] The use of RFID technology is particularly advantageous, especially from a manufacturing cost perspective. In fact, this characteristic makes the manufacture of the access device 4 (particularly the wireless communication module 12) very simple. Therefore, the access device 4 according to the invention can be manufactured through mass production at a very low cost, since radio tags are generally very inexpensive.

[0095] Furthermore, the use of RFID technology can encrypt stored data and signals exchanged over the air. In this way, the results of multiple biosample tests can be immutable and confidential.

[0096] The support member 8 preferably has an elongated shape. For example, the support member 8 may be in the form of a strip, a rod, a cotton swab, a label, etc.

[0097] The support member 8 includes a disposable part 24 and a retainable part 26 that are mechanically connected to each other.

[0098] More accurately, such as Figure 1 As shown, the disposable portion 24 is equipped with the sensor 10. Additionally, the reusable portion 26 is equipped with the access control level 18. Furthermore, when the digitization level 16 is not included in the integrated circuit 12, it is carried by the disposable portion 24 or by the reusable portion 26 of the support 8.

[0099] The retainable portion 26 of the support member 8 can be mechanically separated from the disposable portion 24 to form an access key that allows or prohibits access to restricted access areas depending on access information.

[0100] Of course, the access key itself is not for one-time use, but can be presented in multiple checks, each check being designed to authorize or disauthorize the subject associated with the key to access the same restricted access area or different restricted access areas.

[0101] More precisely, the retainable portion 26 of the support 8 is configured to be mechanically separated from the disposable portion 24 by disconnection, cutting, tearing, or peeling. Additionally, the connecting bus 14 is configured to disconnect during such separation, particularly in a manner that allows easy separation of the disposable portion 24 and the retainable portion 26.

[0102] according to Figure 2 In the example shown, the retainable portion 26 of the support 8 is configured to be separated from the disposable portion 24 by disconnection, more precisely by disconnection along a predetermined break line 28. In this case, the connecting bus 14 is configured to be cut off, particularly at the break lines 28.

[0103] In this configuration, the support 8 is, for example, a component made of molded polymer plastic with a notch defining a break line 28 to allow it to break during mechanical torsion applied to the support 8. The track 15 is, for example, made of an easily breakable conductive material, such as a conductive polymer incorporating silver particles embedded in the plastic channels of the support 8. In this way, the access key can be used like a door access badge or a pre-cut credit card.

[0104] According to another example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the retainable portion 26 of the support 8 is configured to separate from the disposable portion 24 by peeling at a predetermined bonding region 30. In this case, when the disposable portion 24 and the retainable portion 26 of the support 8 are not mechanically separated, the electrical continuity of the connection bus 14 at the bonding region 30 is provided by a conductive adhesive (e.g., a conductive adhesive with silver microparticles) and / or a via 32. Such a via 32 is configured to disconnect during the peeling of the retainable portion 26. In the same manner, the conductive adhesive is configured to no longer provide electrical continuity of the connection bus 14 after the retainable portion 26 has been peeled off.

[0105] In this case, the retainable portion 26 is, for example, a paper or polymer support that includes an antenna for access control, which is in the form of a flexible printed structure made of conductive ink or a thin etched metal layer, commonly referred to as an RFID inlay. Advantageously, to facilitate the removal of the retainable portion 26, the disposable portion 24 has a suitable non-stick layer at the bonding area 30.

[0106] Advantageously, the access key has an adhesive surface. In this way, the access key can be used as a sticker, for example, it can be affixed to identification documents, boarding passes, etc.

[0107] according to Figure 4 In the example shown, the reusable portion 26 of the support 8 is configured to separate from the disposable portion 24 by disconnection; more precisely, the two portions are connected to each other via a multi-contact connector 50 (e.g., a USB key system or a memory card). The male portion of the connector may be contained on the reusable portion 26 or on the disposable portion 24. In this case, the connection bus is configured to preferably break at the disconnection area during the separation of the reusable portion 26 from the disposable portion 24. The reusable portion 26, thus disconnected from the disposable portion 24, can then be used to cooperate with the processing unit 6.

[0108] According to all exemplary embodiments, the reservable portion 26 is configured to perform key functions independently of the one-time portion. The aforementioned functional elements (e.g., integrated circuits, energy storage, information storage) are thus distributed between the one-time portion and the reservable portion in such a way that the reservable portion is allowed to perform its key functions independently.

[0109] Preferably, the access device 4 is configured such that the sensor 10 and the retainable portion 26 of the support 8 are spaced apart from each other before the disposable portion 24 is separated from the retainable portion 26 of the support 8, with the distance between the sensor 10 and the retainable portion 26 of the support 8 being greater than a predetermined contamination limit. This is advantageous because contamination of the retainable portion 26 may be avoided during the testing of biological samples using the access device 4.

[0110] Data processing unit

[0111] As mentioned above, Figure 1 The data processing unit 6 shown is configured to receive and analyze detection signals from the access control level 18 via a wireless link 20. Specifically, the data processing unit 6 is capable of analyzing the detection signals, preferably in correspondence with the sensor 10 that generated the detection signals, to determine health parameters, such as the presence and / or concentration of each corresponding predetermined analyte in a biological sample.

[0112] For example, the data processing unit 6 is a smartphone that runs a dedicated application for processing detection signals delivered by the predetermined sensor 10.

[0113] The data processing unit 6 is also configured to generate corresponding access information from such analysis of the received detection signal.

[0114] Preferably, the access information includes data relating to the presence or absence of each predetermined analyte in the biological sample, or even data relating to its concentration in the biological sample, or data relating to the values ​​of predetermined physical, physiological or biological parameters.

[0115] More preferably, the access information includes data related to timestamps and the validity period of the access authorization and / or data related to the valid location of the access authorization. This is advantageous because the validity of the results of tests performed on subjects and / or biological samples taken from said subjects by generating system 2 is thus limited to a given spatiotemporal window. Such a spatiotemporal window may be associated, for example, with a given event, such as, but not limited to, the boarding phase of a given commercial flight. Of course, such a spatiotemporal window can be associated with any event requiring monitoring of the subjects in order to provide them with the possibility of accessing restricted access areas.

[0116] Furthermore, the data processing unit 6 is configured to transmit an analysis signal, including the generated access information, to the access control level 18 via the wireless link 20. Therefore, the analysis signal depends on the detection signal delivered by the sensor 10.

[0117] Advantageously, the access information also includes a unique identifier of the subject whose health parameters have been measured (e.g., using a biological sample taken from the subject). This feature is advantageous because it enhances the traceability of the access key and reduces the risk of fraud.

[0118] For example, in the latter case, data processing unit 6 is configured to provide the subject with the possibility of identifying himself through a secure portal. Of course, any other means of explicitly identifying the subject can be envisioned.

[0119] Operation

[0120] The operation of generation system 2 will now be described.

[0121] To determine whether a subject is authorized to access a restricted area, sensors 10 of the access device 4 of the generation system 2 measure each predetermined health parameter of the subject. For example, a biological sample is collected from the subject, and then the sensor 10 is brought into contact with the collected biological sample.

[0122] Sensor 10 then delivers a corresponding detection signal, which is digitized by digitization stage 16 and applied to the input of access control stage 18. The detection signal delivered by sensor 10 is then analyzed to determine each health parameter, such as the presence or absence of at least one analyte in the biological sample, and access information is generated based on the results of the analysis of the detection signal.

[0123] Specifically, a preferably encrypted wireless link 20 is established between the access control level 18 and the data processing unit 6. In this case, the detection signal received by the access control level 18 from the sensor 10 is transmitted to the data processing unit 6 via the wireless link 20, so that the analysis of the detection signal and the generation of access information are performed by the data processing unit 6.

[0124] The access information is then stored in access control level 18. Preferably, the access information is stored in encrypted form in access control level 18. In this way, the access information stored in access control level 18 can only be read by a reader specifically configured to decrypt the access information. This improves the security of the access key and reduces the chance that the information contained therein can be overwritten by a malicious third party.

[0125] In particular, in order to allow such storage of access information, the data processing unit 6 sends an analysis signal including the access information to the access control level 18 via the wireless link 20.

[0126] Finally, the retainable portion 26 of the support 4 is separated from the disposable portion 24 to form an access key.

[0127] Preferably, the analysis signal further includes a unique identifier of the subject from whom a biological sample has been collected. In this case, the data processing unit 6 also transmits the unique identifier for storage at the access control level.

[0128] Once the access key has been removed from the disposable portion 24 of the support 8, the access key is presented to the reader at the entrance of the restricted access area.

[0129] The reader then reads the access information of the access key stored in access control level 18, and then, depending on the access information read, the subject is authorized or not authorized to access the restricted access area.

[0130] For example, if the access information indicates that at least one analyte is not present in the biological sample, or if the value of a health parameter falls within a predetermined range or threshold, then access to the restricted access area is authorized; otherwise, access is denied.

[0131] Furthermore, the disposable portion 24 of the support 8, which has been separated from the retainable portion 26 of the support 8, is preferably sent to the biological waste treatment stream and / or immersed in a disinfectant solution to neutralize its potential hazards.

[0132] As a variant, the data processing unit is integrated into a reader designed to authorize or deny subjects access to restricted areas, and the reader then performs analysis of the detection signals.

[0133] In this configuration, the detection signal stored in access control level 18 forms at least a portion of the access information. In this variant, a wireless link is established directly with the reader to transmit the detection signal.

[0134] In addition, in this case, the access device 4 is preferably equipped with an energy storage component designed to provide the access control level with the energy required for its operation.

[0135] This energy storage component is charged, for example, during the manufacture of access device 4. According to another example, the energy storage component is charged via a wireless link, which is established, for example, to transmit the subject's unique identifier to access control level 18 before the subject's health parameters are measured by sensor 10.

[0136] According to another variant, the access key generation system 2 does not have a data processing unit, and the access control level 18 is configured to analyze detection signals to establish access information.

[0137] In this case, it is advantageous to also provide an energy storage component in the access device 4 in order to provide the energy required for the operation of the access control level 18.

Claims

1. A portable access device (4) for accessing restricted access areas, characterized in that, The device is for single use and includes a support (8), a sensor (10), and an access control level (18). The portable access device is for single use because the sensor (10) is designed to come into contact with biological samples taken from the subject. The support member (8) includes a disposable part (24) and a retainable part (26). The sensor (10) is carried by a disposable portion (24) of the support (8) and is configured to measure at least one health parameter of the subject and deliver a detection signal representing the measurement value of each health parameter. The access control level (18) is carried by a reservable portion (26) of the support (8) and is configured to store access information dependent on the detection signal delivered by the sensor (10). The retainable portion (26) of the support member (8) is mechanically separable from the disposable portion (24) to form an access key that allows or prohibits access to the restricted access area depending on the access information, wherein the retainable portion (26) is configured to perform key functions independently of the disposable portion (24), and wherein functional elements are distributed between the disposable portion (24) and the retainable portion (26) in a manner that allows the retainable portion (26) to independently perform the key functions of the retainable portion (26).

2. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The access control level (18) is configured to store access information in an encrypted manner that depends on the detection signal delivered by the sensor (10).

3. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The sensor (10) is configured to deliver a detection signal representing the presence or absence of at least one predetermined analyte in the biological sample, the detection signal also representing the presence or absence of at least one predetermined analyte in the biological sample.

4. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The sensor (10) is made of a graphene sheet covered with a thin layer having functional groups specifically for a given analyte.

5. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The access information includes the detection signal, and / or data relating to the presence or absence of at least one predetermined analyte in a biological sample taken from the subject, and / or data relating to timestamps and the validity period of the access authorization, and / or data relating to the valid location of the access authorization.

6. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The access information includes the subject's unique identifier.

7. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The access control level (18) is further configured to store the subject's unique identifier.

8. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The access control level (18) is configured to receive the detection signal. The access control level (18) is further configured to establish a wireless link (20) with the external data processing unit (6) and transmit the detection signal received from the sensor (10) to the data processing unit (6) via the wireless link (20). The access control level (18) is also configured to receive, via the wireless link (20), an analysis signal based on the detection signal and including the access information from the data processing unit (6).

9. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 8, wherein, The access control level (18) is also configured to receive energy via the wireless link (20), the access control level is configured to acquire at least some of the received energy to generate an interrogation signal for the sensor (10), and the sensor (10) is configured to deliver the detection signal after receiving the interrogation signal generated by the access control level (18).

10. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The access control level (18) is electrically connected to the sensor (10) via a connection bus (14), and the retainable portion (26) of the support (8) is configured to be separated from the disposable portion (24) by disconnection along a predetermined break line (28), and the connection bus (14) is configured to be cut off at the break line (28) when the retainable portion (26) is separated from the disposable portion (24).

11. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The access control level (18) is electrically connected to the sensor (10) via a connection bus (14), and the retainable portion (26) of the support (8) is configured to be separated from the disposable portion (24) by being peeled off at a predetermined bonding area (30), the electrical continuity of the connection bus (14) in the bonding area (30) being provided by a conductive adhesive or by a through-hole configured to be disconnected during peeling.

12. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The access control level (18) is electrically connected to the sensor (10) via a connection bus (14). The reusable portion (26) of the support (8) is connected to the disposable portion (24) via a multi-contact connector (50), and the reusable portion (26) is configured to be disconnected from the disposable portion (24). The connection bus (14) is configured to be interrupted when the reusable portion (26) is disconnected from the disposable portion (24). The male portion of the connector (50) can be included on the reusable portion (26) or on the disposable portion (24).

13. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The access control level (18) forms at least a portion of the radio tag.

14. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 13, wherein, The radio tag is capable of near-field communication.

15. The portable access device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The retainable portion (26) of the sensor (10) and the support (8) is spaced apart from each other, and the distance between the sensor (10) and the retainable portion (26) of the support (8) is greater than a predetermined pollution limit.

16. An access key generation system (2) comprising a portable access device (4) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15, and a data processing unit (6) configured to receive the detection signal to generate an analysis signal including access information based on the received detection signal, and to provide the analysis signal to an access control level (18).

17. An access control method for authorizing or deauthorizing a subject's access to a restricted access area, said method being performed using a portable access device (4) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15 and comprising the following steps: -Measure at least one health parameter of the subject by means of the sensor (10); - Generate the access information based on the detection signal; - Store the access information in the access control level (18); as well as - Separate the retainable portion (26) of the support (8) from the disposable portion (24) to form the access key, and record the subject's unique identifier in the access control level (18).

18. The access control method as described in claim 17, further comprising: - The detection signal delivered by the sensor (10) is transmitted to the data processing unit (6) via a wireless link (20). - The data processing unit (6) analyzes the detection signal delivered by the sensor (10) to determine the value of each health parameter, and generates the access information based on the analysis of the detection signal; as well as - After the data processing unit (6) has generated the access information, the analysis signal including the generated access information is transmitted from the data processing unit (6) to the access control level (18) via the wireless link.

19. The access control method of claim 18, wherein the detection signal delivered by the sensor (10) is transmitted to the data processing unit (6) via an encrypted wireless link (20).

20. The access control method according to any one of claims 17-19, further comprising the following steps: - The generated access key is presented to the reader at the entrance of the restricted access area; - Access information of the access key stored in the access control level (18) is read by the reader; - Authorize or deny the subject access to the restricted access area based on the access information read.

21. The access control method as described in claim 20, wherein, During the period of authorized or unauthorized access to the restricted access area, if the access information indicates that at least one predetermined analyte is not present in the biological sample taken from the subject, or if the value of the health parameter falls within a predetermined range, then access to the restricted access area is authorized; otherwise, access is prohibited.

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