A system and method for accelerating combustion wave attenuation

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of detonation experiments, and in particular, relates to a system and method for accelerating the attenuation of a combustion wave. The system for accelerating the attenuation of a combustion wave of the present invention comprises a high-energy igniter, an air charging module, a detonation tube and a rapid attenuator of a combustion wave, wherein the air charging module is used to supply explosion source gas into the detonation tube, the high-energy igniter is fixedly arranged on the first end of the detonation tube, and the rapid attenuator of the combustion wave comprises an attenuation tube, an explosion venting plate, a cooling module, a buffer plate, a pressure relief valve and a gas buffer tube. When in use, the detonation wave can be weakened by the explosion venting plate and the cooling material, and the detonation wave can be rapidly attenuated into a combustion wave during the whole process, and the combustion wave can be rapidly attenuated and extinguished, thereby helping to more accurately reveal the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation, and providing more real and reliable experimental data for further improving the research on the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of detonation experiments, and in particular relates to a system and method for accelerating the attenuation of combustion waves. Background Art

[0002] The gas phase detonation method refers to a method for preparing nanomaterials by using high-energy ignition of a combustible mixed gas (i.e., the explosion source gas) in a confined space to produce an explosion, thereby quickly obtaining a nanomaterial. It has the characteristics of easy operation, high efficiency, and high product purity. The gas explosion process is violent and complex, making it difficult to study the growth process of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation. Luo Ning et al. introduced the Kruis growth model using a numerical calculation method to explain the influencing factors of gas phase detonation preparation of TiO2 and predicted its particle size distribution, but ignored the effect of the combustion wave on the particle size and physical and chemical properties of TiO2. Zhao Tiejun et al. obtained the TiO2 particles generated in the detonation reaction by designing an interception and collection device, and found the effect of the detonation wave on the morphology and size of TiO2 after it decayed into a combustion wave. Nano carbon spheres, carbon nanotubes, carbon quantum dots and other materials can also be prepared by changing the explosion source mixed gas. Yan Honghao et al. found that the wall of carbon nanotubes will break to form carbon sheets under the action of the detonation wave, and the graphite structure will be destroyed.

[0003] It is generally believed that nanomaterials complete the nucleation and growth process at the detonation wave front, and their physical and chemical properties are only affected by the pressure and temperature of the detonation CJ surface. Since the detonation wave will decay into a combustion wave after the detonation chemical reaction in the detonation tube is completed, the combustion wave will continue to affect the growth of nanomaterials, making it difficult for existing experimental devices to accurately reveal the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing experimental technology for preparing nanomaterials by gas phase detonation, a system and method for accelerating the attenuation of the combustion wave are provided, so as to realize the rapid separation of the detonation wave and the combustion wave after the gas phase detonation reaction, and accelerate the attenuation of the combustion wave, thereby helping to more accurately reveal the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation, and providing more real and reliable experimental data for further improving the research on the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation method.

[0005] The above purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A system for accelerating the attenuation of a combustion wave comprises a high-energy igniter, an inflation module, a detonation tube and a rapid attenuator for the combustion wave, wherein the inflation module is used for supplying explosion source gas into the detonation tube, the high-energy igniter is fixedly arranged on the first end of the detonation tube, the rapid attenuator for the combustion wave comprises an attenuation tube, an explosion venting plate, a cooling module, a buffer plate, a pressure relief valve and a gas buffer tube, the first end of the attenuation tube is fixedly connected to the second end of the detonation tube, the explosion venting plate is arranged at the first end of the attenuation tube, the buffer plate is arranged at the second end of the attenuation tube, the cooling module is arranged between the explosion venting plate and the buffer plate, the cooling module comprises a containing container and a cooling substance in the containing container, the cooling substance is used for absorbing the heat of the detonation wave, the pressure relief valve is arranged at the air outlet of the attenuation tube, and the gas buffer tube is connected to the pressure relief valve.

[0007] Furthermore, the cooling module also includes a hanging assembly for hanging the containing container on the inner wall of the attenuation tube, and the hanging assembly can make the cooling material in the containing container enter the attenuation tube when encountering a detonation wave.

[0008] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a first lifting rope, a second lifting rope and a third lifting rope. The first ends of the first lifting rope, the second lifting rope and the third lifting rope are fixed on the inner wall of the attenuation tube, and the second ends are fixed on the outer wall of the lifting container. The container is cylindrical. The distance between the second lifting rope and the third lifting rope is smaller than the diameter of the container. The first lifting rope will melt when encountering a detonation wave. After the first lifting rope melts, the container deflects to inject the cooling material into the attenuation tube.

[0009] Furthermore, the cooling module also includes a container cover for sealing the opening of the containing container, and the outer wall of the container cover is fixedly connected to the second hanging rope and the third hanging rope. When the first hanging rope melts, the second hanging rope and the third hanging rope drive the container cover to open the containing container.

[0010] Furthermore, magnets are fixed to the ends of the first hanging rope, the second hanging rope and the third hanging rope, and the magnets are adsorbed on the inner wall of the attenuation tube to hang the container.

[0011] Furthermore, a vacuum monitoring module is connected to the detonation tube, and the vacuum monitoring module is used to adjust the pressure in the detonation tube.

[0012] Furthermore, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are connected to the detonation tube. The pressure sensor is used to record the pressure in the detonation tube, and the temperature sensor is used to record the temperature in the detonation tube.

[0013] Furthermore, a visual window is provided on the detonation tube, and the system for accelerating the attenuation of the combustion wave also includes a high-speed photography module facing the visual window to record the propagation trajectory of the detonation wave.

[0014] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that when in use, the explosion source gas is first introduced into the detonation tube by using the inflation module, and then the explosion source gas is detonated by using the high-energy igniter. The explosion source gas explodes to generate a detonation wave, and the detonation wave diffuses into the combustion wave rapid attenuator. When the pressure of the detonation wave on the explosion relief plate is greater than the bearing pressure of the explosion relief plate, the explosion relief plate ruptures. In this process, the detonation wave is weakened for the first time, and then the detonation wave enters the attenuation tube and acts on the cooling module. The cooling material absorbs the heat of the detonation wave and sublimates or vaporizes, thereby weakening the detonation wave for the second time. After that, the high-pressure gas in the attenuation tube is discharged after passing through the buffer plate, the pressure relief valve and the gas buffer tube in sequence. In this process, the pressure of the high-pressure gas is weakened, and the whole process can quickly decay the detonation wave into a combustion wave, and quickly decay and extinguish the combustion wave, thereby helping to more accurately reveal the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation, and providing more real and reliable experimental data for further improving the research on the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation method.

[0015] A method for accelerating the attenuation of a combustion wave, after the detonation wave is generated, the detonation wave is vented and cooled.

[0016] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that after the detonation wave is generated, the detonation wave is vented and cooled, so that the detonation wave is quickly decayed into a combustion wave, and the combustion wave is quickly decayed and extinguished, which helps to more accurately reveal the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation, and provides more real and reliable experimental data for further improving the research on the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a system for accelerating combustion wave attenuation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the combustion wave fast attenuator;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cooling module.

[0020] in:

[0021] 1. High-energy igniter; 2. Vacuum monitoring module; 3. Inflation module; 4. Pressure test module; 5. Pressure sensor; 6. Temperature sensor; 7. Temperature test module; 8. Rapid attenuator of combustion wave; 9. Pressure relief valve; 10. Gas buffer tube; 11. Visual window; 12. High-speed camera; 131. First flange; 132. Second flange; 133. Third flange; 14. Detonation tube; 15. Buffer plate; 16. Cooling module; 17. Lifting assembly; 171. First lifting rope; 172. Second lifting rope; 173. Third lifting rope; 18. Explosion relief plate; 19. Magnet; 20. Container cover; 21. Attenuation tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0023] The serial numbers of the components herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0024] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0025] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 3 , describing a system for accelerating combustion wave attenuation provided by an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention:

[0026] The system for accelerating the attenuation of combustion waves in the present embodiment is used in gas phase detonation experiments. The system for accelerating the attenuation of combustion waves in the present embodiment includes a high-energy igniter 1, an inflation module 3, a detonation tube 14 and a combustion wave rapid attenuator 8. The detonation tube 14 is a pipeline for supplying explosion source gas for explosion. The inflation module 3 is used to supply explosion source gas into the detonation tube 14. The high-energy igniter 1 is fixedly arranged on the first end of the detonation tube 14 through a first flange 131. After the inflation module 3 passes the explosion source gas into the detonation tube 14, the high-energy igniter 1 can be used to detonate the explosion source gas, thereby generating a detonation wave. The combustion wave rapid attenuator 8 includes an attenuation tube 21, an explosion-proof plate 18, a cooling module 16, a buffer plate 15, a pressure relief valve 9 and a gas buffer tube 10. The first end of the attenuation tube 21 is fixedly connected to the second end of the detonation tube 14 through a second flange 132. The explosion-proof plate 18 is arranged at the first end of the attenuation tube 21 to prevent the detonation tube 14 and the attenuation tube 21 from being connected. The explosion-proof plate 18 is a passive explosion-proof plate 18. In this embodiment, the explosion-proof plate 18 is made of a high-temperature resistant material with a pressure resistance value of one standard atmospheric pressure. When the pressure exceeds the bearing pressure of the explosion-proof plate 18, the explosion-proof plate 18 ruptures and the detonation wave enters the attenuation tube 21. The buffer sheet 15 is arranged at the second end of the attenuation tube 21. In the present embodiment, the buffer sheet 15 is made of a high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant breathable material (such as mesoporous ceramics, titanium wire mesh, etc.). The buffer sheet 15 has a large number of gaps, so that while allowing the high-pressure gas to pass through, the pressure of the high-pressure gas will be weakened. The cooling module 16 is arranged between the explosion relief sheet 18 and the buffer sheet 15. The cooling module 16 includes a container and a cooling substance located in the container. The cooling substance is used to absorb heat. The cooling substance can be a liquid, solid or solid-liquid mixture (such as liquid nitrogen, dry ice, etc.) with flame retardant properties and easy to sublimate or vaporize. When the cooling substance encounters a detonation wave, it will absorb the heat of the detonation wave. A third flange 133 is arranged at the outlet of the second end of the attenuation tube 21. The pressure relief valve 9 is arranged on the third flange 133. The gas buffer tube 10 is connected to the pressure relief valve 9.

[0027] When in use, the explosion source gas is first introduced into the detonation tube 14 using the inflation module 3, and then the explosion source gas is detonated by the high-energy igniter 1. The explosion source gas explodes to generate a detonation wave, which diffuses into the combustion wave rapid attenuator 8. When the pressure of the detonation wave on the explosion venting plate 18 is greater than the bearing pressure of the explosion venting plate 18, the explosion venting plate 18 ruptures. In this process, the detonation wave is weakened for the first time, and then the detonation wave enters the attenuation tube 21 and acts on the cooling module 16. The cooling material absorbs the heat of the detonation wave and sublimates or vaporizes, thereby weakening the detonation wave for the second time. After that, the high-pressure gas in the attenuation tube 21 is discharged after passing through the buffer plate 15, the pressure relief valve 9 and the gas buffer tube 10 in sequence. In this process, the pressure of the high-pressure gas is weakened, and the whole process can quickly decay the detonation wave into a combustion wave, and quickly decay and extinguish the combustion wave, which helps to more accurately reveal the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation, and provides more real and reliable experimental data for further improving the research on the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation method.

[0028] In one of the embodiments, the container is made of a low-temperature resistant, high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant material, and the cooling module 16 also includes a hanging assembly 17 for hanging the container on the inner wall of the attenuation tube 21. When encountering a detonation wave, the hanging assembly 17 can allow the cooling material in the container to enter the attenuation tube 21, thereby fully absorbing the heat of the detonation wave.

[0029] In one embodiment, the lifting assembly 17 includes a first lifting rope 171, a second lifting rope 172 and a third lifting rope 173, wherein the first ends of the first lifting rope 171, the second lifting rope 172 and the third lifting rope 173 are fixed on the inner wall of the attenuation tube 21, and the second ends are fixed on the outer wall of the lifting container, wherein the first lifting rope 171 has a smaller diameter and is easy to break at high temperatures. Specifically, the first lifting rope 171 can be made of flammable nylon material, and the second lifting rope 172 and the third lifting rope 173 are made of high temperature resistant material, such as steel wire rope or fire-resistant fiber rope. The container is cylindrical, and the distance between the second hanging rope 172 and the third hanging rope 173 is smaller than the diameter of the container, so that the plane where the second hanging rope 172 and the third hanging rope 173 are located deviates from the axis of the container. The first hanging rope 171 is closer to the explosion-relief plate 18 than the second hanging rope 172 and the third hanging rope 173. The first hanging rope 171 will melt when encountering a detonation wave. After the first hanging rope 171 melts, since the plane where the second hanging rope 172 and the third hanging rope 173 are located deviates from the axis of the container, the container will be deflected, thereby injecting the cooling material into the attenuation tube 21. In other embodiments, the container can be a rectangular parallelepiped, and the second ends of the second hanging rope and the third hanging rope are fixed on two adjacent edges of the container, and the second end of the first hanging rope is fixed on one of the side walls of the hanging container. When the first hanging rope melts, the container deflects.

[0030] In one embodiment, the cooling module 16 further includes a container cover 20 for blocking the opening of the container, and the container cover 20 and the container are connected by a connecting plate, wherein one end of the connecting plate is fixed on the container cover 20, and the other end of the connecting plate is hinged on the side wall of the container, and the container cover 20 is used to block the container when the first hanging rope 171 is not melted by the detonation wave to reduce the leakage of the cooling material, and the side wall of the container cover 20 is fixedly connected to the second hanging rope 172 and the third hanging rope 173. When the first hanging rope 171 is melted, the container deflects, and the second hanging rope 172 and the third hanging rope 173 drive the container cover 20 to open the opening of the container, so that the cooling material can smoothly enter the attenuation tube 21. In other embodiments, the connecting plate may not be provided, and the container cover 20 is buckled at the opening of the container, and it is only necessary to ensure that when the container deflects, the second hanging rope and the third hanging rope can drive the container cover to open the opening of the container.

[0031] In one embodiment, in order to facilitate the installation of the lifting assembly 17, magnets 19 are fixed to the ends of the first lifting rope 171, the second lifting rope 172 and the third lifting rope 173, and the magnets 19 are adsorbed on the inner wall of the attenuation tube 21 to lift the container. In other embodiments, three lifting ears can also be set on the inner wall of the attenuation tube, and the first lifting rope, the second lifting rope and the third lifting rope are tied to the corresponding lifting ears.

[0032] In one of the embodiments, a vacuum monitoring module 2 is connected to the detonation tube 14, and the vacuum monitoring module 2 is used to monitor the pressure in the detonation tube 14, so as to reasonably control the initial gas pressure in the detonation tube 14 as needed, so as to accurately calculate the molar amount of the explosion source gas that needs to be injected into the detonation tube 14.

[0033] In one of the embodiments, a pressure sensor 5 and a temperature sensor 6 are connected to the detonation tube 14, wherein the pressure sensor 5 is also connected to the pressure test module 4, and the temperature sensor 6 is also connected to the temperature test module 7. The pressure sensor 5 is used to record the pressure in the detonation tube 14, and upload the recorded pressure data to the pressure test module 4, and the pressure test module 4 analyzes the pressure data. The temperature sensor 6 is used to record the temperature in the detonation tube 14, and upload the recorded temperature data to the temperature test module 7, and the temperature test module 7 analyzes the temperature data.

[0034] In one of the embodiments, a visual window 11 is provided on the detonation tube 14 . The system for accelerating the attenuation of the combustion wave in this embodiment further includes a high-speed photography module facing the visual window 11 to record the propagation trajectory of the detonation wave. The high-speed camera module is specifically a high-speed camera 12 .

[0035] The working process of the system for accelerating the attenuation of the combustion wave in this embodiment is as follows:

[0036] When in use, the explosion source gas is first introduced into the detonation tube 14 using the inflation module 3, and then the explosion source gas is detonated using the high-energy igniter 1. The explosion source gas explodes to generate a detonation wave, and the detonation wave diffuses into the combustion wave rapid attenuator 8. During this process, the pressure sensor 5 records the pressure in the detonation tube 14, and uploads the recorded pressure data to the pressure test module 4, which analyzes the pressure data. The temperature sensor 6 records the temperature in the detonation tube 14, and uploads the recorded temperature data to the temperature test module 7, which analyzes the temperature data. At the same time, the high-speed camera 12 also records the propagation trajectory of the detonation wave through the visual window 11.

[0037] When the pressure of the detonation wave on the explosion venting plate 18 is greater than the bearing pressure of the explosion venting plate 18, the explosion venting plate 18 ruptures. During this process, the detonation wave is weakened for the first time, and then the detonation wave enters the attenuation tube 21 and acts on the cooling module 16. The first suspension rope 171 melts. Since the plane where the second suspension rope 172 and the third suspension rope 173 are located deviates from the axis of the container, the container will be deflected, thereby injecting the cooling material into the attenuation tube 21. The cooling material will absorb the heat of the detonation wave and sublimate or vaporize, thereby weakening the detonation wave for the second time. After that, the high-pressure gas in the attenuation tube 21 will be discharged through the buffer plate 15, the pressure relief valve 9 and the gas buffer tube 10 in turn. During this process, the high-pressure gas is weakened. The whole process can quickly decay the detonation wave into a combustion wave, and quickly decay and extinguish the combustion wave, which helps to more accurately reveal the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation, and provides more real and reliable experimental data for further improving the research on the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation method.

[0038] The method for accelerating the attenuation of the combustion wave provided by the second embodiment of the present invention is described below:

[0039] The method of accelerating the attenuation of the combustion wave in this embodiment is to vent and cool the detonation wave after the detonation wave is generated, so that the detonation wave is quickly decayed into a combustion wave, and the combustion wave is quickly decayed and extinguished, which helps to more accurately reveal the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation, and provides more real and reliable experimental data for further improving the research on the growth mechanism of nanomaterials prepared by gas phase detonation method.

[0040] In one of the embodiments, the method for accelerating the attenuation of the combustion wave can be implemented by the system for accelerating the attenuation of the combustion wave provided in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

[0041] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0042] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A system for accelerating the attenuation of a combustion wave, characterized in that: It includes a high-energy igniter, an inflation module, a detonation tube and a combustion wave rapid attenuator, the inflation module is used to supply explosion source gas into the detonation tube, the high-energy igniter is fixedly arranged on the first end of the detonation tube, the combustion wave rapid attenuator includes an attenuation tube, an explosion venting plate, a cooling module, a buffer plate, a pressure relief valve and a gas buffer tube, the first end of the attenuation tube is fixedly connected to the second end of the detonation tube, the explosion venting plate is arranged at the first end of the attenuation tube, the buffer plate is arranged at the second end of the attenuation tube, the cooling module is arranged between the explosion venting plate and the buffer plate, the cooling module includes a containing container and a cooling material located in the containing container, the cooling material is used to absorb the heat of the detonation wave, the pressure relief valve is arranged at the gas outlet of the attenuation tube, and the gas buffer tube is connected to the pressure relief valve; The cooling module also includes a hoisting assembly for hoisting the container on the inner wall of the attenuation tube, and the hoisting assembly can make the cooling material in the container enter the attenuation tube when encountering a detonation wave; The lifting assembly includes a first lifting rope, a second lifting rope and a third lifting rope. The first ends of the first lifting rope, the second lifting rope and the third lifting rope are fixed on the inner wall of the attenuation tube, and the second ends are fixed on the outer wall of the lifting container. The container is cylindrical. The distance between the second lifting rope and the third lifting rope is smaller than the diameter of the container. The first lifting rope will melt when encountering a detonation wave. After the first lifting rope melts, the container deflects to inject the cooling material into the attenuation tube.

2. The system for accelerating the attenuation of combustion waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling module also includes a container cover for sealing the opening of the containing container. The outer wall of the container cover is fixedly connected to the second hanging rope and the third hanging rope. When the first hanging rope melts, the second hanging rope and the third hanging rope drive the container cover to open the containing container.

3. The system for accelerating the attenuation of combustion waves according to claim 2, characterized in that: Magnets are fixed to the ends of the first hanging rope, the second hanging rope and the third hanging rope, and the magnets are adsorbed on the inner wall of the attenuation tube to hang the containing container.

4. The system for accelerating the attenuation of combustion waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detonation tube is connected to a vacuum monitoring module, which is used to regulate the pressure inside the detonation tube.

5. The system for accelerating the decay of combustion waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detonation tube is connected with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. The pressure sensor is used to record the pressure in the detonation tube, and the temperature sensor is used to record the temperature in the detonation tube.

6. The system for accelerating the decay of combustion waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: A visual window is arranged on the detonation tube, and the system for accelerating the attenuation of the combustion wave also includes a high-speed photography module facing the visual window to record the propagation trajectory of the detonation wave.

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