Antistatic polypropylene fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to an antistatic polypropylene fiber and a preparation method thereof. The antistatic polypropylene fiber of the present invention can be prepared by the following method: first, a spinning solution is prepared; second, a gas pressure-assisted electrostatic spinning process is used to spin the fiber; finally, the fiber is subjected to an oxidation doping treatment with a camphorsulfonic acid aqueous solution containing FeCl3, and then washed and dried to obtain the antistatic polypropylene fiber. The point-to-point resistance of the antistatic polypropylene fiber prepared by the present invention reaches 8.2×10 7 ~8.6×10 7 Ω, and the charged amount reaches 0.42-0.46 μC / piece; after 20 washes, the point-to-point resistance and the charged amount do not change significantly, indicating that the polypropylene fiber prepared by the present invention has a stable antistatic function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fiber preparation, and specifically relates to an antistatic polypropylene fiber and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When the sparks generated by static electricity come into contact with flammable and explosive gases, liquids, dust and other substances, the resulting safety hazards are quite serious.

[0003] With the rapid development of the electronics industry, petrochemical industry, medical and health industries, the requirements for production and working environment will become higher and higher, and individual protection awareness will gradually increase. Therefore, the development and application of anti-static textiles such as high-quality, comfortable and cost-effective anti-static fibers, anti-static fabrics and corresponding anti-static clothing have become the goal of the majority of textile scientific research workers.

[0004] Polythiophene has electrical conductivity and can be used in antistatic materials, but the strength and applicability of polythiophene fibers are poor; polypropylene is a good fiber material, but it has no electrical conductivity. Literature research shows that there are few reports on the preparation of polythiophene and polypropylene into composite fibers. This is because polythiophene and polypropylene have poor compatibility and must seek suitable dissolution and spinning processes.

[0005] Technical Solution

[0006] In view of the defects of the prior art, the first object of the present invention is to provide an antistatic polypropylene fiber, which has good antistatic function.

[0007] The antistatic polypropylene fiber described in the present invention can be prepared by the following method: first, using polythiophene, N-methylpyrrolidone, polypropylene and toluene as raw materials to prepare a spinning solution; secondly, using a gas pressure-assisted electrostatic spinning process to spin to obtain fibers; finally, using an aqueous solution of camphorsulfonic acid containing FeCl3 to oxidatively dope the fibers, and then washing and drying to obtain the antistatic polypropylene fiber.

[0008] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an antistatic polypropylene fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) Dissolve polythiophene in N-methylpyrrolidone to obtain solution a; dissolve polypropylene in toluene to obtain solution b; mix solution a and solution b to obtain a spinning solution.

[0010] Preferably, the ratio of polythiophene to N-methylpyrrolidone in the solution a is 1 g: (20-40) mL, the ratio of polypropylene to toluene in the solution b is 1 g: (20-40) mL, and the ratio of solution a to solution b is 1 mL: (10-20) mL.

[0011] (2) The spinning solution obtained in step (1) is spun using a gas pressure-assisted electrospinning process to obtain fibers. The schematic diagram of the gas pressure-assisted electrospinning process is shown in FIG. Figure 1 shown.

[0012] Preferably, the parameters of the air pressure-assisted electrospinning process are: extrusion speed 0.02-0.04 mL / h, receiving distance 16-18 cm, the receiving device is a roller receiving device, the rotation speed is 100-120 r / min, the temperature is (25±2)°C, the voltage is 9-11 kV, and the air pressure is 0.2-0.4 MPa.

[0013] (3) The fiber obtained in step (2) is subjected to an oxidative doping treatment using an aqueous solution of camphorsulfonic acid containing FeCl3, the treatment time being 1 to 3 hours at a treatment temperature of 60 to 80°C, followed by washing and drying to obtain an antistatic polypropylene fiber.

[0014] Preferably, the concentration of FeCl3 is 0.4-0.6 mol / L, and the concentration of camphorsulfonic acid is 0.4-0.6 mol / L.

[0015] The relevant mechanism analysis of the present invention is as follows: polythiophene has conductive properties, and it is compounded with polypropylene to obtain a polythiophene / polypropylene composite material; FeCl3 camphorsulfonic acid aqueous solution is used to oxidize and dope the fiber, which can significantly improve the conductive properties. The present invention finds that the prepared polythiophene / polypropylene composite fiber has conductive properties. Therefore, the polythiophene / polypropylene composite fiber is used to prepare antistatic fibers, and the prepared fibers have good antistatic properties.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] (1) Polythiophene has electrical conductivity and can be used as an antistatic material, but the strength and applicability of polythiophene fibers are relatively poor; polypropylene is a very good fiber material, but it has no electrical conductivity. The present invention uses a gas pressure-assisted electrostatic spinning process to achieve the composite of polythiophene and polypropylene to obtain a composite fiber, which has an antistatic function.

[0018] (2) The present invention uses an aqueous solution of camphorsulfonic acid containing FeCl3 to perform an oxidative doping treatment on the prepared fiber, and this treatment process significantly improves the conductive properties of the fiber.

[0019] (3) According to the test method of GB 12014-2009, the point-to-point resistance of the antistatic polypropylene fiber prepared by the present invention reaches 8.2×10 7 ~8.6×10 7Ω, the electric charge reaches 0.42-0.46μC / piece, reaching the B-level technical standard; after 20 washes, the point-to-point resistance and the electric charge do not change significantly, indicating that the polypropylene fiber prepared by the present invention has a stable antistatic function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of air pressure-assisted electrospinning process DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Example 1

[0022] An antistatic polypropylene fiber is prepared by the following method:

[0023] (1) 10 g of polythiophene was dissolved in 300 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone to prepare solution a; 10 g of polypropylene was dissolved in 300 mL of toluene to prepare solution b; 10 mL of solution a was mixed with 150 mL of solution b to prepare a spinning solution.

[0024] (2) The spinning solution obtained in step (1) is spun using a gas pressure-assisted electrospinning process to obtain fibers. The schematic diagram of the gas pressure-assisted electrospinning process is shown in FIG. Figure 1 shown.

[0025] The parameters of the air pressure-assisted electrospinning process are: extrusion speed 0.03 mL / h, receiving distance 17 cm, receiving device is a roller receiving device, rotation speed is 110 r / min, temperature is (25±2)°C, voltage is 10 kV, and air pressure is 0.3 MPa.

[0026] (3) The fiber obtained in step (2) was subjected to an oxidative doping treatment using a 0.5 mol / L camphorsulfonic acid aqueous solution containing 0.5 mol / LFeCl3 for 2 h at a temperature of 70°C, followed by washing and drying to obtain an antistatic polypropylene fiber a.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] An antistatic polypropylene fiber is prepared by the following method:

[0029] (1) 10 g of polythiophene was dissolved in 200 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone to prepare solution a; 10 g of polypropylene was dissolved in 200 mL of toluene to prepare solution b; 10 mL of solution a was mixed with 100 mL of solution b to prepare a spinning solution.

[0030] (2) The spinning solution obtained in step (1) is spun using a gas pressure-assisted electrospinning process to obtain fibers. The schematic diagram of the gas pressure-assisted electrospinning process is shown in FIG. Figure 1 shown.

[0031] The parameters of the air pressure-assisted electrospinning process are: extrusion speed 0.02 mL / h, receiving distance 16 cm, receiving device is a roller receiving device, rotation speed is 100 r / min, temperature is (25±2)°C, voltage is 9 kV, and air pressure is 0.2 MPa.

[0032] (3) The fiber obtained in step (2) was subjected to an oxidative doping treatment using a 0.4 mol / L camphorsulfonic acid aqueous solution containing 0.4 mol / L FeCl3 for 1 h at a temperature of 60°C, followed by washing and drying to obtain an antistatic polypropylene fiber b.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] An antistatic polypropylene fiber is prepared by the following method:

[0035] (1) 10 g of polythiophene was dissolved in 400 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone to prepare solution a; 10 g of polypropylene was dissolved in 400 mL of toluene to prepare solution b; 10 mL of solution a was mixed with 200 mL of solution b to prepare a spinning solution.

[0036] (2) The spinning solution obtained in step (1) is spun using a gas pressure-assisted electrospinning process to obtain fibers. The schematic diagram of the gas pressure-assisted electrospinning process is shown in FIG. Figure 1 shown.

[0037] The parameters of the air pressure-assisted electrospinning process are: extrusion speed 0.04 mL / h, receiving distance 18 cm, receiving device is a roller receiving device, rotation speed is 120 r / min, temperature is (25±2)°C, voltage is 11 kV, and air pressure is 0.4 MPa.

[0038] (3) The fiber obtained in step (2) was subjected to an oxidative doping treatment using a 0.6 mol / L camphorsulfonic acid aqueous solution containing 0.6 mol / LFeCl3 for 3 h at a temperature of 80°C, followed by washing and drying to obtain an antistatic polypropylene fiber c.

[0039] Comparative Example A

[0040] Taking Example 1 as a comparison, in this comparative example A, the amount of polythiophene is reduced, that is, the step (1) of "dissolving 10 g of polythiophene in 300 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone" is adjusted to "dissolving 1 g of polythiophene in 300 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone", and the other preparation methods are implemented according to the preparation method of Example 1 to obtain antistatic polypropylene fiber d.

[0041] Comparative Example B

[0042] Taking Example 1 as a comparison, in this comparative example B, the dissolving solvent of polythiophene is changed, that is, "dissolving 10 g of polythiophene in 300 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone" in step (1) is adjusted to "dissolving 10 g of polythiophene in 300 mL of chloroform", and the other preparation methods are implemented according to the preparation method of Example 1 to obtain antistatic polypropylene fiber e.

[0043] Comparative Example C

[0044] Taking Example 1 as a comparison, in this comparative example C, the fiber is not subjected to oxidative doping treatment, that is, step (3) is not implemented, and the other preparation methods are implemented according to the preparation method of Example 1 to obtain antistatic polypropylene fiber f.

[0045] Performance evaluation test:

[0046] The antistatic polypropylene fibers a, b, c, d, e and f prepared in the above-mentioned specific embodiments 1 to 3 and comparative examples A to C of the present invention are selected. The antistatic function test refers to GB 12014-2009 "Antistatic Clothing", and the point-to-point resistance and the amount of electric charge are used as antistatic function evaluation indicators. Among them, the point-to-point resistance refers to the test method of Appendix A of GB 12014-2009, and the amount of electric charge refers to the test method of Appendix B of GB 12014-2009, and the test conditions are: temperature: (20±5)℃, relative humidity: (35±5)%. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] As can be seen from Table 1, the point-to-point resistance and the amount of charge of the antistatic polypropylene fibers a, b, c, d, e and f prepared by Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples A to C are compared, and it can be seen that Examples 1 to 3 are significantly better than Comparative Examples A to C in terms of antistatic indicators. The performance evaluation test results show that the amount of polythiophene, the dissolving solvent of polythiophene and the oxidation doping treatment of the fiber all have an important influence on the antistatic function of the polypropylene fiber.

Claims

1. A method for preparing antistatic polypropylene fiber, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving polythiophene in N-methylpyrrolidone to obtain solution a; dissolving polypropylene in toluene to obtain solution b; mixing solution a and solution b to obtain a spinning solution; (2) spinning the spinning solution obtained in step (1) by using a gas pressure-assisted electrospinning process to obtain fibers; (3) subjecting the fiber obtained in step (2) to an oxidative doping treatment with an aqueous solution of camphorsulfonic acid containing FeCl3 for 1 to 3 hours at a temperature of 60 to 80°C, followed by washing and drying to obtain an antistatic polypropylene fiber; In step (1), the amount ratio of polythiophene to N-methylpyrrolidone in solution a is 1 g: (20-40) mL, the amount ratio of polypropylene to toluene in solution b is 1 g: (20-40) mL, and the amount ratio of solution a to solution b is 1 mL: (10-20) mL.

2. The method for preparing an antistatic polypropylene fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameters of the air pressure-assisted electrospinning process in step (2) are: extrusion speed 0.02-0.04 mL / h, receiving distance 16-18 cm, receiving device is a roller receiving device, rotation speed is 100-120 r / min, temperature is (25±2)°C, voltage is 9-11 kV, and air pressure is 0.2-0.4 MPa.

3. The method for preparing an antistatic polypropylene fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of FeCl3 in step (3) is 0.4-0.6 mol / L, and the concentration of camphorsulfonic acid is 0.4-0.6 mol / L.

4. An antistatic polypropylene fiber, characterized in that: The invention is prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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