A soil body deposition consolidation and bidirectional permeability coefficient testing device

Abstract

The application provides a soil body deposition consolidation and bidirectional permeability coefficient testing device, which comprises a soil sample cylinder for layered soil sample loading of tailing materials; a vertical loading system controlled by a measurement and control system, which is used for applying a vertical loading force to the soil sample in the soil sample cylinder, so that the axial force reaches a predetermined value to perform drainage consolidation of the soil sample; a water supply and water head control system; a vertical permeation water collecting and flow measuring device, which is used for receiving the water seeping out of the soil sample cylinder; a horizontal permeation test rotating system, which is used for cutting the soil sample in the soil sample cylinder to measure the horizontal permeability coefficient of the soil sample; and a horizontal permeation water collecting and flow measuring device, which is used for receiving the water seeping out of the soil sample in the horizontal permeation test rotating system. The application can realize one-dimensional deposition consolidation test of soil in the soil sample cylinder, realize simulation test of the deposition consolidation process of soil under the conditions of lateral stress state and different overburden loads, and simultaneously perform vertical and horizontal permeation tests, so as to provide more accurate parameters for stability analysis of tailing dams.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, mineral processing technology engineering, and belongs to the technical field of soil indoor test, and more particularly to a soil deposition consolidation and bidirectional permeability coefficient testing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The physical and mechanical characteristics of tailings materials and the deposition law of tailings dams are basic issues for studying the performance evolution of tailings dams and the safety evaluation of dam bodies. However, the stacking process of tailings reservoirs is complex, and understanding and predicting the deposition characteristics of tailings are current challenges.

[0003] During the stacking process of tailings reservoirs, the solid particles in the slurry fall and settle under gravity after the slurry is discharged into the reservoir, gradually forming a newly deposited cover layer and consolidating under the action of gravity. This settlement-consolidation process under gravity is called self-weight deposition. In analyzing the deposition characteristics of soil, a settlement column is usually used for testing.

[0004] During the stacking process and the entire service period of the tailings dam, the performance of the dam body is always evolving. Since the consolidation and strength of the tailings material are always under the action of its own weight and the load of the newly deposited tailings above, its permeability characteristics also change with the void ratio and soil structure.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a testing device for measuring the bidirectional permeability coefficient of tailings soil during the deposition process. SUMMARY

[0006] According to the above, the stacking process of tailings reservoirs is complex, and it is difficult to measure the deposition characteristics of tailings. Therefore, a soil deposition consolidation and bidirectional permeability coefficient testing device is provided. The present application mainly improves the traditional settlement column, measures the bidirectional permeability coefficient during the deposition and consolidation of soil, reveals the changes of the permeability coefficient during the deposition and consolidation of soil, and provides more accurate parameters for the stability analysis of tailings dams.

[0007] The technical means adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0008] A soil deposition consolidation and bidirectional permeability coefficient testing device, comprising:

[0009] A soil sample cylinder for layered sampling of tailings material, which is an open-ended cylinder at the upper end and a sealed cylinder at the lower end, and a connecting flange I is arranged at the opposite position of the soil sample cylinder across the center;

[0010] A vertical loading system controlled by a measurement and control system for applying a vertical loading force to the soil sample in the soil sample cylinder to achieve a predetermined axial force for the drainage consolidation of the soil sample;

[0011] Water supply and head control system for providing water source for test, comprising water supply tank and marshall bottle, connected with said soil sample cylinder through pipe valve;

[0012] Vertical permeation water collecting and flow measuring device for collecting water permeated from said soil sample cylinder, arranged at the bottom of said soil sample cylinder, comprising water measuring cylinder I and balance I;

[0013] Horizontal permeation test rotating system for cutting sample of soil sample in said soil sample cylinder for horizontal permeation coefficient;

[0014] Horizontal permeation water collecting and flow measuring device for collecting water permeated from soil sample in said horizontal permeation test rotating system, arranged at one side of said horizontal permeation test rotating system, comprising water measuring cylinder II and balance II.

[0015] Further, said soil sample cylinder is a plexiglass cylinder with height more than five times of diameter, a circular hole with diameter less than that of the cylinder is cut at the opposite position of the center of the side of the cylinder, and a connecting flange I is arranged at the circular hole, said connecting flange I is connected with a sealing flange when simulating soil sample consolidation deposition process and testing vertical permeation coefficient of soil sample.

[0016] Further, said vertical loading system comprises air cylinder, piston, loading rod, air source, air pressure controller, axial force sensor, axial displacement sensor, support frame and loading plate, said loading plate is connected with said loading rod, water inlet hole is arranged on said loading plate, said piston in said air cylinder is driven to move by said air pressure controller, said loading rod is driven to move downward, said loading plate is driven to press the soil sample in said soil sample cylinder, axial force reaches predetermined value to drain and consolidate the soil sample.

[0017] Further, said measuring and controlling system is connected with said air pressure controller and said axial force sensor respectively, and controls and adjusts the gas output of said air pressure controller by receiving the signal of said axial force sensor.

[0018] Further, said horizontal permeation test rotating system comprises rotating handle, clamping shaft, sleeve, rotating joint, connecting flange II, internal thread, water inlet pipe, connecting flange III connected with water outlet pipe, and the sample cylinder for horizontal permeation test is arranged in said sleeve and is screwed with the internal thread on the inner surface of said sleeve.

[0019] Further, after the test of vertical permeation coefficient of soil sample is finished, the sealing flange is replaced by the horizontal permeation test rotating system, said connecting flange II is connected with said connecting flange I on the soil sample cylinder, said rotating handle is fixed on said rotating joint by said clamping shaft, said sample cylinder is rotated into the sample by twisting said rotating handle, when said sample cylinder completely penetrates into the soil sample and extends from the edge of the other end, the cutting process of horizontal permeation coefficient of soil sample is completed.

[0020] Further, after the sample cutting is completed, the rotating handle is removed, the water inlet pipe is connected to the marie bottle, the right side connecting flange I is connected with the connecting flange III provided with the water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is connected with the horizontal permeation and flow measurement device.

[0021] Further, the water filter plate is arranged on the lower side of the loading plate, the bottom of the soil sample cylinder and the inner side of the cylinder wall of the two side connecting flanges I.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0023] The present application provides a cylindrical organic glass as the experimental main body, which is hollow and sealed at the bottom, and the tailing material is layered and loaded, and the loading main body structure is simple and convenient to operate.

[0024] The vertical loading system provided by the present application is controlled by the measurement and control system, and the pressure is applied through the gas source. The measurement and control system controls the gas output of the pressure adjusting controller by receiving the signal of the axial force sensor, determines the overburden load of the soil sample according to the actual tailing deposition depth, applies a vertical loading force to the soil sample in the soil sample cylinder, and makes the axial force reach a predetermined value to drain and consolidate the soil sample.

[0025] The horizontal permeation test rotation system provided by the present application rotates the sample cylinder into the sample through the torsion of the rotating handle, and when the sample cylinder completely penetrates into the soil sample and extends out from the edge of the filter plate at the other end, the sample cutting process of the horizontal permeation coefficient of the soil sample is completed, and the sampling soil quality is uniform and controllable.

[0026] In summary, the present application can realize one-dimensional deposition and consolidation test of soil in the cylindrical organic glass, realize simulation test of the deposition and consolidation process of soil under the conditions of lateral stress state and different overburden load, and can also carry out permeation test in vertical and horizontal directions, so as to provide more accurate parameters for stability analysis of tailing dam.

[0027] Based on the above reasons, the present application can be widely popularized in the field of soil laboratory test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a whole structure diagram of the soil sample cylinder of the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a top view of the present application. Figure 1 ​

[0031] Figure 3 The overall structural diagram of the soil body deposition consolidation and bidirectional permeation instrument.

[0032] Figure 4 The horizontal permeation test rotation system diagram (position before the sample cylinder is rotated in).

[0033] Figure 5 The horizontal permeation test rotation system diagram (position after the sample cylinder is rotated in).

[0034] In the figure: 1. soil sample cylinder; 5. sealing flange; 8. water filter plate; 9. pipe valve; 10. measurement and control system; 11. connecting flange I; 12. horizontal permeation test sample cylinder; 21. air cylinder; 22. piston; 23. loading rod; 24. air source; 25. air pressure controller; 26. axial force sensor; 27. axial displacement sensor; 28. support frame; 29. loading plate; 31. water supply tank; 32. marshall bottle; 41. water measuring cylinder I; 42. balance I; 61. rotation handle; 62. clamping shaft; 63. sleeve; 64. rotation joint; 65. connecting flange II; 66. internal thread; 67. water inlet pipe; 68. water outlet pipe; 69. connecting flange III; 71. water measuring cylinder II; 72. balance II. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0036] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The description of the at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not intended to limit the present application and its application or use in any way. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in the specification, there is a feature, step, operation, device, component and / or combination thereof.

[0038] The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the application. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the application to the exact construction and operation described. Accordingly, all such variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present application as defined in the claims. The application is also not limited to the details of the foregoing embodiment.

[0039] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientation terms such as "front", "back", "up", "down", "left", "right", "transverse", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", and the like are generally intended to convey a relative position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings and are for the purpose of assisting in understanding the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. The orientation terms "inner", "outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the contour of the components themselves.

[0040] For the purpose of the description, spatially relative terms, such as "over", "above", "top", "up", "down", "bottom", and the like, can be used herein for describing the spatial relationship between one device or feature to another device or feature as shown in the drawings. It is to be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientations depicted in the figures. For example, if a device is inverted in the figures, a device described as "above" or "over" another device or structure would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other device or structure. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The devices can be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly. The devices can be oriented in any orientation and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

[0041] A soil deposit consolidation and bidirectional permeability coefficient testing device of the present application is described in conjunction with the attached drawings.

[0042] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the soil sample cylinder 1 is a plexiglass cylinder with an open upper end and a sealed lower end, and the height is more than five times the diameter. A circular hole with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the cylinder is cut at a position opposite the center of the side of the soil sample cylinder, and a connecting flange I 11 is installed. A water filter plate 8 is provided between the connecting flange I 11 and the soil sample cylinder 1.

[0043] As shown in the drawings, Figure 3 The vertical loading system mainly includes an air cylinder 21, a piston 22, a loading rod 23, an air source 24, an air pressure controller 25, an axial force sensor 26, an axial displacement sensor 27, a support frame 28, and a loading plate 29. The loading plate 29 is connected to the loading rod 23, the axial force sensor 26 is sleeved on the loading rod 23, the loading plate 29 is provided with a water inlet hole, the water filter plate 8 is provided between the loading plate 29 and the soil sample cylinder 1, the overburden load of the soil sample is determined according to the actual tailings deposition depth, the air source 24 provides a power source, the piston 22 in the air cylinder 21 is driven to move by the air pressure controller 25, the loading rod 23 is driven to move downward, the loading plate 29 is driven to press the soil sample in the soil sample cylinder 1 downward, and the axial force reaches a predetermined value to perform drainage consolidation of the soil sample.

[0044] The water supply and water head control system mainly includes a water supply tank 31 and a marshall bottle 32, which are connected by a pipeline to deliver water into the soil sample cylinder 1 or to the water inlet pipe of the horizontal rotary system.

[0045] The vertical permeation water collection and flow measurement device mainly includes a water collection cylinder I 41 and a balance I 42, which are used to collect water permeated from the soil sample cylinder 1, and the balance I 42 is used to weigh the amount of water permeated during the vertical permeability test.

[0046] As shown in the drawings, Figure 4 and Figure 5 The horizontal permeation test rotary system mainly includes a rotary handle 61, a shaft clamp 62, a sleeve 63, a rotary joint 64, a connecting flange II 65, an internal thread 66, a water inlet pipe 67, and a connecting flange III 69 connected to a water outlet pipe 68.

[0047] The sample cylinder 12 for horizontal permeation test is in the sleeve 63 and is rotated in and out through the internal thread 66 on the inner surface of the sleeve.

[0048] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 When simulating the consolidation and deposition process of the soil sample and testing the vertical permeability of the soil sample, the connecting flange I 11 is connected to the sealing flange 5, so as to ensure that the soil sample deposition and consolidation and the pore water flow are in the vertical direction. As shown in the drawings, Figure 4After the vertical permeability test is completed, the sealing flange 5 is replaced with a horizontal permeability test rotating system. The rotating handle 61 is fixed to the rotating joint 64 by the connecting flange II 65 and the connecting flange I 11 on the soil sample cylinder 1. The rotating handle 61 is twisted to rotate the sample cylinder 12 into the sleeve 63. When the sample cylinder is completely inserted into the soil sample and extends from the edge of the filter plate 8 (permeable stone) on the other end, the cutting process of the horizontal permeability coefficient of the soil sample is completed. The rotating handle 61 is removed, the water inlet pipe 67 is connected to the Mariotte bottle 32, the right connecting flange I 11 is connected to the connecting flange III 69 provided with the water outlet pipe 68, and the water outlet pipe 68 is connected to the horizontal permeability and flow measurement device.

[0049] The horizontal permeability water collecting and flow measurement device mainly includes a water collecting cylinder II 71 for collecting the seepage water and a balance II 72 for weighing the seepage water during the horizontal permeability test.

[0050] The filter plate 8 (permeable stone) is arranged below the loading plate 29, at the bottom of the soil sample cylinder 1, and in the cylinder wall of the connecting flange I 11.

[0051] According to the structure and composition of the drawings, the test process is briefly described as follows.

[0052] Example 1 - Soil vertical permeability coefficient test

[0053] First, the tailings are layered and loaded, the vertical loading system is assembled, and the bottom drain valve of the soil sample cylinder 1 is opened.

[0054] Then, the overburden load of the soil sample is determined according to the actual tailings deposition depth. The piston 22 in the air cylinder 21 is pushed by the air pressure controller 25 to make the axial force reach the predetermined value for the drainage consolidation of the soil sample.

[0055] After the soil sample is consolidated, the upper pipe valve 9 of the soil sample cylinder 1 is opened, the vertical permeability water head height of the soil sample is controlled by the Mariotte bottle 32, the weight of the water collecting cylinder 41 at the bottom of the soil sample cylinder 1 is recorded after the test, and the vertical permeability coefficient of the soil sample is calculated.

[0056] Example 2 - Soil horizontal saturation coefficient test

[0057] After the vertical permeability coefficient of the soil sample is tested, the pipe valves 9 on the top and bottom of the soil sample cylinder 1 are closed, the sealing flanges 5 on both sides of the soil sample cylinder 1 are replaced by a horizontal permeability test rotating system, the connecting flange II 65 of the rotating system is connected with the connecting flange I 11 on the soil sample cylinder 1, the rotating handle 61 is fixed on the rotating joint 64 by the clamping shaft 62, the rotating handle 61 is twisted, the sample cylinder 12 is rotated into the sample from the sleeve 63, the sample cylinder 12 is completely penetrated into the soil sample and extends from the edge of the filter plate 8 (permeable stone) on the other end, and the cutting sample process of the horizontal permeability coefficient of the soil sample is completed.

[0058] The water inlet pipe 67 of the horizontal rotating system is connected to the marie bottle 32, the water head height of the test process is controlled, the right connecting flange I 11 is connected with the connecting flange III 69 provided with the water outlet pipe 68, the water outlet pipe 68 is connected with the horizontal permeability and flow measurement device, the pipe valve of the marie bottle 32 is opened, and the weight of the water measuring cylinder 71 is recorded at the same time, and the horizontal saturated permeability coefficient of the soil sample is solved.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for testing soil deposition consolidation and bidirectional permeability coefficient, characterized in that, include: A soil sample tube is used for layered sampling of tailings. It is a cylindrical tube with an open top and a sealed bottom. A connecting flange I is provided on the side of the soil sample tube at a position relative to the center of the tube. The soil sample tube is a cylindrical tube with a height that is more than five times its diameter. The vertical loading system includes a pneumatic cylinder, a piston, a loading rod, an air source, a pneumatic pressure controller, an axial force sensor, an axial displacement sensor, a support frame, and a loading plate. The loading plate is connected to the loading rod and has a water inlet. It is controlled by a measurement and control system. The pneumatic pressure controller pushes the piston in the pneumatic cylinder to move, which drives the loading rod to move downward and causes the loading plate to press down on the soil sample in the soil sample cylinder. A vertical loading force is applied to the soil sample in the soil sample cylinder so that the axial force reaches a predetermined value to drain and consolidate the soil sample. A water supply and head control system, used to provide water for the test, includes a water supply tank and a Marshall bottle, which are connected to the soil sample cylinder via pipe valves; A vertical infiltration water collection and flow measurement device, used to collect water seeping out of the soil sample tube, is set at the bottom of the soil sample tube and includes a measuring cylinder I and a balance I; A horizontal permeability test spiral system is used to sample the horizontal permeability coefficient of the soil sample in the soil sample tube; A horizontal infiltration water collection and flow measurement device is used to collect the water seeping out of the soil sample in the horizontal infiltration test spiral system. It is set on one side of the horizontal infiltration test spiral system and includes a measuring cylinder II and a balance II.

2. The soil deposition consolidation and bidirectional permeability coefficient testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, At a position relative to the center of the soil sample tube, a circular hole with a diameter smaller than that of the tube is cut to install connecting flange I. When simulating the soil sample consolidation and deposition process and testing the vertical permeability coefficient of the soil sample, connecting flange I is connected to the sealing flange.

3. The soil deposition consolidation and bidirectional permeability coefficient testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement and control system is connected to the air pressure controller and the axial force sensor respectively, and controls and adjusts the gas output of the air pressure controller by receiving the signal from the axial force sensor.

4. The soil deposition consolidation and bidirectional permeability coefficient testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal permeation test screw-in system includes a rotating handle, a retaining shaft, a sleeve, a screw-in connector, a connecting flange II, an internal thread, an inlet pipe, and a connecting flange III with an outlet pipe. The sample tube for the horizontal permeation test is inside the sleeve and screwed to the internal thread on the inner surface of the sleeve.

5. The soil deposition consolidation and bidirectional permeability coefficient testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, After testing the vertical permeability coefficient of the soil sample, the sealing flange is replaced with a horizontal permeability test screw-in system. The connecting flange II is connected to the connecting flange I on the soil sample tube. The rotating handle is fixed to the screw-in joint with a clamp. By twisting the rotating handle, the sample tube is rotated from the sleeve into the sample. When the horizontal permeability test sample tube completely penetrates into the soil sample and extends from the other edge, the cutting process of the horizontal permeability coefficient of the soil sample is completed.

6. The soil deposition consolidation and bidirectional permeability coefficient testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, After the sample is cut, remove the rotating handle and connect the inlet pipe to the Marsh bottle. Connect the right-side connecting flange I to the connecting flange III, which is equipped with the outlet pipe. Connect the outlet pipe to the horizontal permeation and flow measurement device.

7. The soil deposition consolidation and bidirectional permeability coefficient testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filter plate is provided below the loading plate, at the bottom of the soil sample cylinder, and on the inner side of the cylinder wall of the connecting flange I on both sides.

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