Ultrahigh temperature friction and wear plate specimen heating apparatus with support and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of with support's ultra-high temperature friction wear plate-shaped sample heating device and method, belong to material performance test field.Heating module is by the way of electromagnetic induction heating graphite heating body to plate-shaped sample radiation heating, graphite heating body can reach 2600 ℃ ultra-high temperature.Graphite heating body is designed as hollow, so that support module passes through and is assisted to support, for improving the rigidity of plate-shaped test piece, can offset the thermal deformation and stress deformation of plate-shaped sample, ensure that constant during the process of friction and wear test positive pressure, simultaneously, it can shorten the distance between graphite heating body and plate-shaped sample and increase radiation heat, and protect graphite heating body from wearing during the test process.The advantages are: simple structure, high safety, expand the range of testable materials, improve the heating temperature, protect graphite heating body from wearing, ensure the constant of positive pressure during the test process, so that the measured friction force data is more stable, accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material performance testing, and particularly to a support and heating method for conducting friction and wear tests on materials under extreme working conditions, especially a heating device and method for ultra-high temperature friction and wear plate-shaped samples with support. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's aerospace, chemical, and nuclear power industries, the performance requirements of materials are constantly improving. Many components fail due to friction and wear at high temperatures. Therefore, an ultra-high temperature friction and wear testing device is needed to study the friction and wear properties of materials under ultra-high temperature conditions. This device simulates the extreme environments of high temperature, high speed, and high load that materials experience under actual use conditions in a laboratory setting, further investigating the wear resistance, friction characteristics, and lubrication properties of the materials.

[0003] Currently available high-temperature friction and wear testing devices generally suffer from problems such as limited types of heating materials, low temperature loading, low loading rate, uneven loading, and easy deformation of samples. These issues lead to instability of various parameters during the test, resulting in poor stability and accuracy of the experimental results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heating device and method for ultra-high temperature friction and wear plate-shaped specimens with support, which solves the problems of difficulty in ultra-high temperature loading, limited types of heatable materials, and difficulty in maintaining constant normal pressure due to easy deformation of plate-shaped specimens during the test.

[0005] The above-mentioned objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A heating device for ultra-high temperature friction and wear plate-shaped specimens with support includes a heating module 1 and a support module 2. The heating module 1 radiates heat to the plate-shaped specimen by electromagnetic induction heating of a graphite heating element. This heating method breaks the limitation of traditional electromagnetic induction heating, which can only heat conductive materials. At the same time, the hollow graphite heating element 102 can reach an ultra-high temperature of 2600℃. Another advantage of designing the graphite heating element 102 as hollow is that the support module 2 can pass through to provide auxiliary support, which can improve the rigidity of the plate-shaped specimen, offset the thermal deformation and stress deformation of the plate-shaped specimen, and ensure that the normal pressure remains constant during the friction and wear test. At the same time, it can shorten the distance between the graphite heating element 102 and the plate-shaped specimen to increase the radiant heat and protect the graphite heating element 102 from wear during the test.

[0007] The heating module 1 includes an electromagnetic induction coil 101, a graphite heating element 102, a heat insulation layer 103, a wear-resistant wrapping layer 104, a disc-shaped support base 105, a locking ring I 106, a locking ring II 107, a graphite heating element heat insulation pad 108, a heat insulation interlayer 109, a base heat insulation pad 110, a small L-shaped connector 111, a base 112, and a large L-shaped connector 113. The electromagnetic induction coil 101 is wound around the wear-resistant coating layer 104 and energized with an alternating high-frequency current to generate an alternating magnetic field. The graphite heating element 102 is a hollow cylinder through which the corundum hollow water-cooling shaft 204 of the supporting module 2 passes. The graphite heating element 102 is wrapped with a thermal insulation layer 103, which is then wrapped with a wear-resistant coating layer 104. The bottom of the graphite heating element 102 rests on a graphite heating element insulation pad 108. The insulation interlayer 109 is disc-shaped with a circular groove in the center. The graphite heating element insulation pad 109 is placed in the circular groove of the insulation interlayer 109. The insulation interlayer 109 rests on a base insulation pad 110. 110 is placed on the base 112 and fixed to the base 112 through a small L-shaped connector 111. The base 112 is fixed to the disc-shaped support 105 through a large L-shaped connector 113. A threaded shaft is machined on the upper part of the disc-shaped support 105, and a threaded hole is machined at the bottom of the cavity of the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204. The two are connected by threads. The bottom of the disc-shaped support 105 has a section of optical shaft and a section of threaded shaft. The optical shaft is used to place locking ring I 106 and locking ring II 107. The contact surface between locking ring I 106 and locking ring II 107 is a spiral inclined surface. The support module 2 can be raised and lowered by adjusting the angle of locking rings I and II to provide auxiliary support for the plate-shaped specimen.

[0008] The support module 2 includes a corundum support fixture cover 201, a corundum support body 202, a corundum screw 203, a corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204, a water baffle plate 205, a cooling water connection port 206, and a sealing gasket 207. The corundum support fixture cover 201 is connected to the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204 by corundum screws 203. The corundum support fixture cover 201 and the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204 are respectively provided with grooves for placing the corundum support 202 and are clamped by corundum screws 203. In order to facilitate the connection of water pipes, the cooling water connection port 206 is located on both sides of the bottom of the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204 for passing cooling water. Since the position is relatively close to the bottom, the cooling water cannot fill the entire cavity. Therefore, a groove is made inside the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204 and a water baffle 205 is inserted to block the direct connection between the two cooling water connection ports 206. This allows the cooling water to only overflow the water baffle and pass through from the top, thereby filling the entire cavity and improving the water cooling effect. The sealing gasket 207 is installed at the bottom of the cavity to prevent the cooling water from flowing out.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for heating a supported ultra-high temperature friction and wear plate-shaped sample, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Energize the electromagnetic induction coil 101 with the electromagnetic induction heating power supply. Adjust the frequency and current value of the high-frequency alternating current through the electromagnetic induction power supply to adjust the magnitude of the alternating magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic induction coil 101, thereby controlling the magnitude of the eddy current inside the graphite heating body 102 and further controlling the temperature value of the graphite heating body 102. The high-temperature radiation of the graphite heating body 102 onto the plate-shaped sample achieves the effect of heating the plate-shaped sample.

[0011] Step 2: While heating, simultaneously turn on the water cooling system to water cool the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204 to ensure the safety of the experiment and the reliability of the device operation.

[0012] Step 3: After heating to the required test temperature, measure the temperature of the friction surface of the plate-shaped sample using a thermocouple, and maintain a constant temperature of the friction surface of the plate-shaped sample through feedback adjustment via the control system.

[0013] Step 4: After the temperature of the plate-shaped sample is kept constant, the volume will remain unchanged. At this time, adjust the angle between locking ring I 106 and locking ring II 107 so that the support module 2 rises until the corundum support 202 contacts the lower surface of the plate-shaped sample. Then apply positive pressure to start the friction and wear test.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The heating module radiates heat to the plate-shaped sample by electromagnetic induction heating of a graphite heating element. This heating method breaks the limitation of traditional electromagnetic induction heating, which can only heat conductive materials. Furthermore, the hollow graphite heating element can reach an ultra-high temperature of 2600℃. Another advantage of designing the graphite heating element as hollow is that it allows the support module to pass through for auxiliary support, improving the rigidity of the plate-shaped specimen. This counteracts thermal deformation and stress deformation of the plate-shaped specimen, ensuring a constant normal pressure during the friction and wear test. Simultaneously, it shortens the distance between the graphite heating element and the plate-shaped specimen, increasing radiant heat and protecting the graphite heating element from wear during the test. This invention has a simple structure, high safety, expands the range of testable materials, increases the heating temperature, protects the graphite heating element from wear, and ensures a constant normal pressure during the test, resulting in more stable and accurate measured friction force data. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate the invention and are used to explain it, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2This is a side view of the structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the heating module of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the support module of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of the electromagnetic induction heating effect of the solid graphite heating element of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a simulation diagram of the electromagnetic induction heating effect of the hollow graphite heating element of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a simulation diagram of the deformation of an unsupported plate-shaped specimen under a normal pressure of 1000N according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a simulation diagram of the deformation of a plate-shaped specimen with auxiliary support under a normal pressure of 1000N according to the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Heating module; 2. Support module; 101. Electromagnetic induction coil; 102. Graphite heating element; 103. Thermal insulation layer; 104. Wear-resistant wrapping layer; 105. Disc-shaped support base; 106. Locking ring I; 107. Locking ring II; 108. Graphite heating element heat insulation pad; 109. Heat insulation interlayer; 110. Base heat insulation pad; 111. Small L-shaped connector; 112. Base; 113. Large L-shaped connector; 201. Corundum support fixture cover; 202. Corundum support; 203. Corundum screw; 204. Corundum hollow water-cooled shaft; 205. Water baffle plate; 206. Cooling water connection port; 207. Sealing gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] See Figures 1 to 10As shown, the present invention discloses a heating device and method for ultra-high temperature friction and wear plate-shaped specimens with support, comprising a heating module 1 and a support module 2. The heating module radiates heat to the plate-shaped specimen by electromagnetic induction heating of a graphite heating element 102. This heating method breaks the limitation of traditional electromagnetic induction heating, which can only heat conductive materials. Furthermore, the hollow graphite heating element 102 can reach an ultra-high temperature of 2600℃. Another advantage of designing the graphite heating element 102 as hollow is that the support module can pass through it for auxiliary support, thereby increasing the rigidity of the plate-shaped specimen. This can counteract the thermal deformation and stress deformation of the plate-shaped specimen, ensuring that the normal pressure remains constant during the friction and wear test. Simultaneously, it can shorten the distance between the graphite heating element 102 and the plate-shaped specimen, increasing radiant heat and protecting the graphite heating element 102 from wear during the test. The advantages of this invention are its simple structure, high safety, expanded range of testable materials, increased heating temperature, protection of the graphite heating element 102 from wear, and constant normal pressure during the test, resulting in more stable and accurate measured friction force data.

[0029] See Figure 5 As shown, the heating module 1 of the present invention includes an electromagnetic induction coil 101, a graphite heating element 102, a heat insulation layer 103, a wear-resistant wrapping layer 104, a disc-shaped support base 105, a locking ring I 106, a locking ring II 107, a graphite heating element heat insulation pad 108, a heat insulation interlayer 109, a base heat insulation pad 110, a small L-shaped connector 111, a base 112, and a large L-shaped connector 113. An electromagnetic induction coil 101 is wound around a wear-resistant coating layer 104 and energized with an alternating high-frequency current to generate an alternating magnetic field. The graphite heating element 102 is a hollow cylinder through which a hollow corundum water-cooling shaft 204 passes. A thermal insulation layer 103 is wrapped around the outside of the graphite heating element 102, and a wear-resistant coating layer 104 is wrapped around the outside of the thermal insulation layer 103. The bottom of the graphite heating element 102 rests on a graphite heating element insulation pad 108. A heat insulation interlayer 109 is disc-shaped with a circular groove in the center. The graphite heating element insulation pad 108 is placed within the circular groove of the heat insulation interlayer 109. The heat insulation interlayer 109 rests on a base heat insulation pad 110. The base heat insulation pad 110 is placed on... The support module 2 is fixed to the base 112 via a small L-shaped connector 111. The base 112 is fixed to the disc-shaped support 105 via a large L-shaped connector 113. A threaded shaft is machined on the upper part of the disc-shaped support 105, and a threaded hole is machined at the bottom of the cavity of the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204. The two are connected by threads. The bottom of the disc-shaped support 105 has a section of optical shaft and a section of threaded shaft. The optical shaft is used to place locking ring I 106 and locking ring II 107. The surfaces that lock ring I 106 and locking ring II 107 want to contact are spiral inclined surfaces. The support module 2 can be raised and lowered by adjusting the angle of the two locking rings to provide auxiliary support for the plate-shaped specimen.

[0030] See Figure 6 As shown, the support module 2 of the present invention includes a corundum support fixture cover 201, a corundum support body 202, a corundum screw 203, a corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204, a water baffle plate 205, a cooling water connection port 206, and a sealing gasket 207. The corundum support fixture cover 201 is connected to the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204 by corundum screws 203. The corundum support fixture cover 201 and the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204 are respectively provided with grooves for placing the corundum support 202 and are clamped by corundum screws 203. In order to facilitate the connection of water pipes, the cooling water connection port 206 is located on both sides of the bottom of the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204 for passing cooling water. Since the position is relatively close to the bottom, the cooling water cannot fill the entire cavity. Therefore, a groove is made inside the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204 and a water baffle 205 is inserted to block the direct connection between the two cooling water connection ports 206. The cooling water can only overflow the water baffle 205 and pass through from the top, thereby filling the entire cavity and improving the water cooling effect. The sealing gasket 207 is installed at the bottom of the cavity to prevent the cooling water from flowing out.

[0031] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, where Figure 7 This is a simulation image showing the effect of electromagnetic induction heating using a solid graphite heating element. Figure 8 This is a simulation of electromagnetic induction heating using a hollow graphite heating element. Comparing the two images, it can be seen that when using a solid graphite heating element, the highest temperature reaches approximately 1100℃, and the highest temperature is near the electromagnetic induction coil 101, making it difficult to achieve uniform heating of the specimen. In contrast, when using a hollow graphite heating element, the highest temperature reaches approximately 2600℃, and the highest temperature is near the graphite heating element, achieving uniform heating of the specimen and reaching higher temperatures, enabling friction and wear tests under ultra-high temperature environments.

[0032] See Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, where Figure 9 This is a simulation diagram of the deformation of an unsupported plate-shaped specimen under a normal pressure of 1000N. At this time, the maximum deformation of the plate-shaped specimen reaches 1.124mm. The large deformation will lead to large fluctuations in the normal pressure during the test. Figure 10 The image shows a simulation of the deformation of a plate-shaped specimen with auxiliary support under a normal pressure of 1000N. The maximum deformation of the plate-shaped specimen is only 0.200mm. Comparing the two images, it can be seen that with the auxiliary support, the deformation is reduced to 17.79% of that without support, which reduces the fluctuation range of the normal pressure by 5.62 times and ensures the stability of the normal pressure.

[0033] See Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the working process of this invention is as follows:

[0034] The electromagnetic induction coil 101 is energized by an electromagnetic induction heating power supply. The frequency and current value of the high-frequency alternating current are adjusted by the electromagnetic induction power supply, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the alternating magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic induction coil 101. This controls the magnitude of the eddy current inside the graphite heating body 102, and further controls the temperature value of the graphite heating body 102. The high-temperature radiation of the graphite heating body 102 onto the plate-shaped sample achieves the effect of heating the plate-shaped sample. Meanwhile, a heat insulation layer 103 and a wear-resistant wrapping layer 104 separate the graphite heating element 102 from the electromagnetic induction coil 101, reducing heat transfer between them and ensuring the reliability of the electromagnetic induction coil 101. Similarly, a graphite heating element heat insulation pad 108, a heat insulation interlayer 109, and a base heat insulation pad 110 separate the graphite heating element 102 from the base 112, reducing heat transfer between them and ensuring the reliability of the supporting and connecting components such as the disc-shaped support 105, the small L-shaped connector 111, and the base 112 and large L-shaped connector 113. Except for its exposed upper surface, the other surfaces of the graphite heating element 102 are covered with insulation material, which reduces energy loss to a certain extent and ensures heating efficiency.

[0035] While heating, the water cooling system is turned on to cool the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft 204, ensuring the safety of the experiment and the reliability of the equipment operation.

[0036] During the heating process to ultra-high temperature, the plate-shaped sample undergoes thermal expansion. After reaching the required test temperature, the temperature of the friction surface of the plate-shaped sample is measured by thermocouples, and the control system provides feedback adjustment to maintain a constant temperature. Once the temperature of the plate-shaped sample is maintained constant, its volume remains unchanged. At this point, the angle between locking ring I 106 and locking ring II 107 is adjusted so that the support module 2 rises until the corundum support 202 contacts the lower surface of the plate-shaped sample. Then, a normal pressure is applied. With the auxiliary support of the corundum support 202, the deformation of the plate-shaped sample under the normal pressure is reduced, thus ensuring that the graphite heating element 102 does not wear against the plate-shaped sample during the ultra-high temperature friction and wear test. Simultaneously, the stability of the normal pressure is ensured, thereby guaranteeing the stability and accuracy of the test data.

[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made to the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heating device for ultra-high temperature friction and wear plate-shaped samples with support, characterized in that: The test includes a heating module (1) and a support module (2). The heating module (1) radiates heat to the plate-shaped sample by electromagnetic induction heating of the graphite heating body. The graphite heating body (102) can reach an ultra-high temperature of 2600℃. The graphite heating body (102) is designed to be hollow so that the support module (2) can pass through to provide auxiliary support, thereby improving the rigidity of the plate-shaped sample to offset the thermal deformation and stress deformation of the plate-shaped sample, ensuring that the normal pressure remains constant during the friction and wear test. At the same time, shortening the distance between the graphite heating body (102) and the plate-shaped sample increases the radiant heat and protects the graphite heating body (102) from wear during the test. The heating module (1) is as follows: an electromagnetic induction coil (101) is wound around a wear-resistant wrapping layer (104), and an alternating high-frequency current is passed through it to generate an alternating magnetic field. The graphite heating body (102) is a hollow cylinder, and the corundum hollow water-cooling shaft (204) supporting the module (2) passes through its center. The graphite heating body (102) is wrapped with a heat insulation layer (103) on the outside, and the heat insulation layer (103) is wrapped with a wear-resistant wrapping layer (104) on the outside. The bottom of the graphite heating body (102) is placed on a graphite heating body heat insulation pad (108). The heat insulation interlayer (109) is disc-shaped with a circular groove in the center. The graphite heating body heat insulation pad (108) is placed in the circular groove of the heat insulation interlayer (109), and the heat insulation interlayer (109) is placed on the base heat insulation pad (110). The base heat insulation pad (110) is placed on the base (112) and fixed to the base (112) through the small L-shaped connector (111). The base (112) is fixed to the disc support seat (105) through the large L-shaped connector (113). The upper part of the disc support seat (105) is machined with a threaded shaft, and the bottom of the cavity of the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft (204) is machined with a threaded hole. The two are connected by threads. The bottom of the disc support seat (105) has a section of optical shaft and a section of threaded shaft. The optical shaft is used to place the locking ring I (106) and the locking ring II (107). The contact surface between the locking ring I (106) and the locking ring II (107) is a spiral inclined surface. The support module (2) is raised and lowered by adjusting the angle of the locking rings I and II to apply auxiliary support to the plate-shaped specimen.

2. The heating device for ultra-high temperature friction and wear plate-shaped samples with support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support module (2) is: the corundum support fixture cover (201) is connected to the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft (204) by corundum screws (203). The corundum support fixture cover (201) and the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft (204) are respectively provided with grooves for placing the corundum support (202) and clamped by corundum screws (203). The cooling water connection port (206) is located on both sides of the bottom of the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft (204) for passing cooling water. A groove is made inside the corundum hollow water-cooled shaft (204) and a water baffle plate (205) is inserted to block the direct connection between the two cooling water connection ports (206), so that the cooling water can only overflow the water baffle plate and pass through from the top, thereby filling the entire cavity and improving the water cooling effect. The sealing gasket (207) is installed at the bottom of the cavity to prevent the cooling water from flowing out.

3. A method for heating an ultra-high temperature friction and wear plate-shaped sample, using the ultra-high temperature friction and wear plate-shaped sample heating device with support as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Power the electromagnetic induction coil (101) through the electromagnetic induction heating power supply. Adjust the frequency and current value of the high-frequency AC power through the electromagnetic induction power supply to adjust the magnitude of the AC magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic induction coil (101), thereby controlling the magnitude of the eddy current inside the graphite heating body (102) and further controlling the temperature value of the graphite heating body (102). The high-temperature radiation of the graphite heating body (102) to the plate sample achieves the effect of heating the plate sample. Step 2: While heating, the water cooling system is turned on to water cool the hollow corundum water-cooled shaft (204) to ensure the safety of the test and the reliability of the device operation; Step 3: After heating to the required test temperature, the temperature of the friction surface of the plate sample is measured by thermocouple, and the control system is used to adjust the temperature of the friction surface of the plate sample to keep it constant. Step 4: After the temperature of the plate sample is kept constant, the volume will remain unchanged. At this time, adjust the angle between locking ring I (106) and locking ring II (107) so that the support module (2) rises to the point where the corundum support (202) contacts the lower surface of the plate sample. Then apply positive pressure to start the friction and wear test.

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