A buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor

Abstract

This invention discloses a buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor, comprising a housing, an end cap, an elastic component, a slider, an axial vibration module, and a lateral vibration module. The end cap is connected to the top of the housing. The lateral vibration module includes a first connecting rod, an ellipsoid, a first groove, and an annular electrode layer disposed on the sidewall of the first groove. The top of the first connecting rod is fixed to the bottom of the slider, and the ellipsoid is movably disposed within the first groove. The axial vibration module includes a second connecting rod, a ball head and a vibration column respectively connected to both ends of the second connecting rod, a second groove disposed on the bottom surface of the slider, a third groove disposed on the bottom of the housing, and an electrode layer disposed on the bottom of the third groove. The ball head is movably disposed within the second groove, and the vibration column is movably disposed within the third groove. A friction layer is provided on the bottom surface of the vibration column. This invention can improve the fault tolerance performance of the sensor, achieve vibration detection in harsh working conditions, and improve detection accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration sensor technology, and in particular to a buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor. Background Technology

[0002] The drill string plays a crucial role in transmitting drilling pressure and torque during the drilling process. Especially in deep and ultra-deep well drilling, it often encounters severe lateral, longitudinal, and torsional vibration problems. The superposition of these vibration modes makes the drill string vibration conditions more complex, seriously affecting the life of the drill string and drill bit.

[0003] Downhole measurement is an effective method for accurately obtaining the vibration characteristics of the drill string. Current vibration measurement methods involve setting up vibration sensors at measurement points, equipped with measurement circuits and power modules, and then transmitting the vibration data to the surface wirelessly or via wired means such as electromagnetic waves or mud pulses. However, placing the power module inside the drill string, especially with the limited lifespan of traditional batteries, coupled with harsh environmental factors such as vibration, can easily lead to battery damage, drill pipe corrosion, and compromised drill pipe safety, posing significant risks to the drilling project.

[0004] Existing technology uses self-powered sensors to measure vibration, eliminating the need for a power module inside the drill string and thus avoiding the problem of battery damage leading to drill string corrosion. However, existing self-powered sensors are mostly used in environmentally friendly environments; when operating conditions are too harsh, their detection accuracy is poor, and the sensors are prone to failure. Therefore, it is necessary to incorporate fault-tolerant technology into self-powered sensors to make them adaptable to even harsher environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the fault tolerance performance of the sensor, realize vibration detection in harsh working conditions, and improve detection accuracy.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] This invention provides a buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor, comprising a housing, an end cap, an elastic component, a slider, an axial vibration module, and a lateral vibration module. The end cap is connected to an opening at the top of the housing. Multiple axial vibration modules are uniformly arranged circumferentially inside the housing. The lateral vibration module is located in the middle of the housing. The slider is movably disposed inside the housing and above each of the axial and lateral vibration modules. The elastic component is disposed inside the housing and between the slider and the end cap, with its two ends connected to the slider and the end cap, respectively.

[0008] The transverse vibration module includes a first connecting rod, an ellipsoid connected to the bottom of the first connecting rod, a first groove disposed at the bottom of the inner shell, and an annular electrode layer disposed on the side wall of the first groove. The top of the first connecting rod is fixed to the bottom of the slider, and the ellipsoid is movably disposed in the first groove. The ellipsoid and the annular electrode layer are two materials with different electronegativity. After they come into contact with each other by friction, the ellipsoid becomes negatively charged and the annular electrode layer becomes positively charged.

[0009] The axial vibration module includes a second connecting rod, a ball head and a vibration column respectively connected to the top and bottom of the second connecting rod, a second groove disposed on the bottom surface of the slider, a third groove disposed on the bottom of the housing, and an electrode layer disposed on the bottom of the third groove. The ball head is movably disposed in the second groove, and the vibration column is movably disposed in the third groove. The bottom surface of the vibration column is provided with a friction layer corresponding to the electrode layer. The friction layer and the electrode layer are two materials with different electronegativity. After they come into contact with each other through friction, the friction layer carries a negative charge, and the electrode layer carries a positive charge.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic component includes a plurality of elastic elements evenly distributed along the circumference of the housing, and the two ends of each elastic element are respectively connected to the slider and the end cap.

[0011] Preferably, six axial vibration modules are uniformly arranged circumferentially inside the housing, and the elastic component includes six elastic elements corresponding to each of the axial vibration modules.

[0012] Preferably, the elastic element is a spring.

[0013] Preferably, the projection of the friction layer onto the electrode layer is located within the range of the electrode layer.

[0014] Preferably, the ellipsoid and the friction layer are made of Kapton, PTFE, PET or PVDF, and the annular electrode layer and the electrode layer are made of copper, aluminum or silicone.

[0015] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0016] This invention provides a buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant self-powered vibration sensor. The ball head is movably positioned in the second groove on the bottom surface of the slider, which reduces the impact of lateral vibration on axial vibration. An annular electrode layer is provided on the side wall of the first groove at the bottom of the housing, which also reduces the influence of axial vibration on lateral vibration measurement. This increases the redundancy of the self-powered vibration sensor and improves its fault tolerance performance, thereby enabling vibration detection in harsh working conditions and improving detection accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor provided by the present invention used in a drilling platform.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor provided in this invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor provided in this invention.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the AA section;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the BB cross section;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the axial vibration module in this invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse vibration module in this invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 100-Buffered high redundancy fault-tolerant self-powered vibration sensor, 1-Shell, 2-End cap, 3-Elastic component, 31-Elastic element, 4-Slider, 5-Axial vibration module, 51-Second connecting rod, 52-Ball head, 53-Vibration column, 54-Second groove, 55-Third groove, 56-Electrode layer, 57-Friction layer, 6-Transverse vibration module, 61-First connecting rod, 62-Ellipsosphere, 63-First groove, 64-Annular electrode layer. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of this invention is to provide a buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the fault tolerance performance of the sensor, realize vibration detection in harsh working conditions, and improve detection accuracy.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figures 1-7 As shown, this embodiment provides a buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor 100, including a housing 1, an end cap 2, an elastic component 3, a slider 4, an axial vibration module 5, and a transverse vibration module 6. The end cap 2 is connected to the opening at the top of the housing 1. Multiple axial vibration modules 5 are uniformly arranged circumferentially inside the housing 1. The transverse vibration module 6 is located in the middle of the housing 1. The slider 4 is movably disposed inside the housing 1 and located above each axial vibration module 5 and the transverse vibration module 6. The elastic component 3 is disposed inside the housing 1 and located between the slider 4 and the end cap 2. The two ends of the elastic component 3 are respectively connected to the slider 4 and the end cap 2.

[0030] The transverse vibration module 6 includes a first connecting rod 61, an ellipsoid 62 connected to the bottom of the first connecting rod 61, a first groove 63 disposed at the bottom of the inner shell 1, and an annular electrode layer 64 disposed on the side wall of the first groove 63. The top of the first connecting rod 61 is fixed to the bottom of the slider 4, and the ellipsoid 62 is movably disposed in the first groove 63. The ellipsoid 62 and the annular electrode layer 64 are two materials with different electronegativity. After the two come into contact by friction, the ellipsoid 62 carries a negative charge, and the annular electrode layer 64 carries a positive charge.

[0031] The axial vibration module 5 includes a second connecting rod 51, a ball head 52 and a vibration column 53 connected to the top and bottom of the second connecting rod 51 respectively, a second groove 54 disposed on the bottom surface of the slider 4, a third groove 55 disposed on the bottom of the housing 1, and an electrode layer 56 disposed on the bottom of the third groove 55. The ball head 52 is movably disposed in the second groove 54, and the vibration column 53 is movably disposed in the third groove 55. The bottom surface of the vibration column 53 is provided with a friction layer 57 corresponding to the electrode layer 56. The friction layer 57 and the electrode layer 56 are two materials with different electronegativity. After the two come into contact with each other, the friction layer 57 carries a negative charge, and the electrode layer 56 carries a positive charge.

[0032] In this embodiment, the elastic component 3 includes a plurality of elastic elements 31 evenly distributed around the outer shell 1, and the two ends of each elastic element 31 are respectively connected to the slider 4 and the end cap 2.

[0033] In this embodiment, six axial vibration modules 5 are uniformly arranged circumferentially inside the outer casing 1, and the elastic component 3 includes six elastic elements 31 corresponding to each axial vibration module 5. The elastic element 31 is a spring.

[0034] In this embodiment, the projection of the friction layer 57 onto the electrode layer 56 is located within the range of the electrode layer 56.

[0035] In this embodiment, the ellipsoid 62 and the friction layer 57 are made of Kapton, PTFE, PET or PVDF, preferably Kapton, and the annular electrode layer 64 and the electrode layer 56 are made of copper, aluminum or silicone, preferably copper.

[0036] This sensor is installed near the drill bit and vibrates under external vibration excitation. For the axial vibration module 5, the friction layer 57 and electrode layer 56 are initially in contact. Due to their different electronegativity, the surface of friction layer 57 carries a negative charge, while the surface of electrode layer 56 carries a positive charge. When axial vibration occurs, the distance between them begins to increase, generating a potential difference between them. This potential difference reaches its maximum when the separation distance is at its maximum, and the output voltage reaches its peak. Afterward, the distance between them begins to decrease until it returns to its initial state of zero distance. This process constitutes one vibration cycle, and the axial vibration module 5 outputs a voltage pulse signal, based on which the vibration frequency is detected.

[0037] For the transverse vibration module 6, initially, the ellipsoid 62 is separated from the inner wall of the annular electrode layer 64. When transverse vibration occurs, the spring oscillator drives the upper end of the transverse vibration module 6 to move laterally, and the ellipsoid 62 contacts the inner wall of the annular electrode layer 64. Negative and positive charges are generated on the surface of the ellipsoid 62 and the surface of the annular electrode layer 64, respectively. Then, the upper end of the transverse vibration module 6 performs horizontal reciprocating motion, and the ellipsoid 62 contacts and separates from the inner wall of the annular electrode layer 64. The induced charges are transferred to form a current, and a corresponding voltage pulse is output, thereby realizing the detection of the transverse vibration frequency. When mixed motion occurs, the spring oscillator can still drive the axial vibration module 5 and the transverse vibration module 6 to generate corresponding output signals. At the same time, the ball joint 52 connection reduces the impact of transverse vibration on axial vibration. The integrated large-area annular electrode layer 64 attached to the side wall of the first groove 63 at the lower end of the transverse vibration module 6 also reduces the influence of axial vibration on transverse vibration measurement, thereby achieving more accurate vibration detection.

[0038] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor, characterized in that: The device includes a housing, an end cap, an elastic component, a slider, an axial vibration module, and a lateral vibration module. The end cap is connected to the opening at the top of the housing. Multiple axial vibration modules are evenly arranged circumferentially inside the housing. The lateral vibration module is located in the middle of the housing. The slider is movably disposed inside the housing and above each of the axial vibration modules and the lateral vibration module. The elastic component is disposed inside the housing and between the slider and the end cap. The two ends of the elastic component are respectively connected to the slider and the end cap. The transverse vibration module includes a first connecting rod, an ellipsoid connected to the bottom of the first connecting rod, a first groove disposed at the bottom of the inner shell, and an annular electrode layer disposed on the side wall of the first groove. The top of the first connecting rod is fixed to the bottom of the slider, and the ellipsoid is movably disposed in the first groove. The ellipsoid and the annular electrode layer are two materials with different electronegativity. After they come into contact with each other by friction, the ellipsoid becomes negatively charged and the annular electrode layer becomes positively charged. The axial vibration module includes a second connecting rod, a ball head and a vibration column respectively connected to the top and bottom of the second connecting rod, a second groove disposed on the bottom surface of the slider, a third groove disposed on the bottom of the housing, and an electrode layer disposed on the bottom of the third groove. The ball head is movably disposed in the second groove, and the vibration column is movably disposed in the third groove. The bottom surface of the vibration column is provided with a friction layer corresponding to the electrode layer. The friction layer and the electrode layer are two materials with different electronegativity. After they come into contact with each other through friction, the friction layer carries a negative charge, and the electrode layer carries a positive charge.

2. The buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component includes a plurality of elastic elements evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer shell, and the two ends of each elastic element are respectively connected to the slider and the end cap.

3. The buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer casing is uniformly provided with six axial vibration modules along its circumference, and the elastic component includes six elastic elements corresponding to each of the axial vibration modules.

4. The buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic element is a spring.

5. The buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection of the friction layer onto the electrode layer lies within the range of the electrode layer.

6. The buffered, high-redundancy, fault-tolerant, self-powered vibration sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ellipsoid and the friction layer are made of Kapton, PTFE, PET or PVDF, and the annular electrode layer and the electrode layer are made of copper, aluminum or silicone.

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