A method for efficiently removing chlorine ions in waste acid by using high-acid cuprous chloride precipitation method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of industrial acid wastewater treatment and resource, and relates to a method for efficiently removing chlorine ions in waste acid by using cuprous chloride precipitation method under high acidity. In order to overcome the shortcomings of long reaction time, large amount of divalent copper used, and poor dechlorination effect caused by weak reduction capacity of the partial reducing agent in the high acid (low pH) environment in the traditional cuprous chloride method dechlorination technology, the present application provides a method for efficiently removing chlorine ions in waste acid by using cuprous chloride precipitation method under high acidity, which has short reaction time, low amount of divalent copper used and no copper powder used, is suitable for acid waste acid wastewater including pH < 0 and pH = 0-7 (wide application range), the removal effect can reach more than 97%, and can be reused in industrial flue gas pollutant elution process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of industrial acidic wastewater treatment and resource utilization, specifically relating to a method for efficiently removing chloride ions from waste acid by using a cuprous chloride precipitation method based on glucose reduction under high acidity. Background Technology

[0002] The washing and purification process of copper smelting flue gas accumulates a large amount of acidic wastewater, which is characterized by containing a certain concentration of H2SO4 (approximately 150 g / L) and Cl. - (concentration reaches 14g / L), As, Cu 2+ And other heavy metal ions, which are extremely difficult to treat. Their easy discharge poses a serious threat to the environment, wastes dilute acid resources, and even hinders the sustainable development of non-ferrous metal smelting enterprises. In recent years, some scholars have proposed, starting with the resource-based treatment of acidic wastewater, to deeply purify pollutants in acidic wastewater and efficiently reuse the dilute sulfuric acid, thereby avoiding the environmental harm caused by pollutant discharge while conserving resources. Compared to As, Cu... 2+ And other heavy metal ions, efficiently removing Cl from acidic environments. - It is still very difficult at present.

[0003] Currently, the most common industrial method for removing Cl from acidic wastewater is... - The method involves reacting cuprous ions and chloride ions to generate cuprous chloride precipitate for removal. This can be further subdivided into: 1) simultaneously adding copper powder and divalent copper salt to generate Cu. + ;2) Direct addition of cuprous oxide to generate Cu + 3) Adding divalent copper salts and reducing agents to generate Cu + .

[0004] Method 1) mentioned above is currently the most commonly used method in industry for removing Cl from acidic wastewater. - Method: Copper slag (in Cu 0 (calculated) and copper sulfate (in Cu) 2+ (Calculation) method. The principle is through Cu 2+ and Cu 0 A disproportionation reaction occurs to produce Cu + Then through Cu + With Cl - A precipitation reaction occurs to form CuCl precipitate, thus achieving the purpose of dechlorination in acidic wastewater. However, this method alone is not effective for removing Cl... - The removal efficiency is limited (only about 60%), and it requires the addition of copper sulfate (in Cu). 2+ (Measurement) and copper slag quantity (in Cu) 0 All (including) Cl in wastewater - The method requires five times the amount of water and a 4-5 hour reaction time, which are drawbacks in its application.

[0005] For method 2) above, directly adding cuprous oxide to generate cuprous ions results in a very slow reaction rate because it is added in solid form. At the same time, the uneven and incomplete reaction will lead to low dechlorination effect and unnecessary waste of resources.

[0006] Regarding method 3) above, some scholars have studied the reduction of divalent copper ions in copper sulfate to monovalent copper using ascorbic acid or hydroxylamine sulfate as reducing agents. This method is only effective for removing chloride ions from wastewater within a limited pH range: when using ascorbic acid as a reducing agent for divalent copper, the effect is better at pH 2.4-4.0; when using hydroxylamine sulfate as a reducing agent for divalent copper, the effect is better at pH 4.4-4.8. However, when treating acidic wastewater (sulfuric acid concentration 10%-20%, pH < 0), which is known for its strong acidity, the reducing power of ascorbic acid and hydroxylamine sulfate decreases significantly with increasing solution acidity (ascorbic acid and hydroxylamine sulfate are mainly used for reduction in alkaline and weakly acidic environments), leading to a significant decrease in chloride ion removal rate (often less than 80%) in highly acidic wastewater. Therefore, it is not suitable for removing chloride ions from acidic wastewater.

[0007] Given the shortcomings of the aforementioned dechlorination methods, a more efficient method for removing Cl from acidic wastewater is needed. - Significant technical bottlenecks remain, which greatly limit the successful implementation of resource-based treatment and reuse technologies for highly acidic wastewater. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, in order to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies such as long reaction time, large amount of divalent copper used, and poor dechlorination effect caused by weak reducing ability of ascorbic acid and hydroxylamine sulfate in high acid (low pH) environment, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for efficiently removing chloride ions from waste acid by using cuprous chloride precipitation under high acid conditions.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A method for efficiently removing chloride ions from waste acid using cuprous chloride precipitation under high acid conditions involves taking waste acid wastewater, adding a dechlorination agent at 80℃-100℃ and adjusting the acidity of the waste acid, and then filtering and separating the precipitate after stirring.

[0011] The dechlorination agent is a mixture of reducing agent, oxidizing agent and complexing agent in a molar ratio of (1.5-2):(0.25-0.5):(1-10), wherein the reducing agent is glucose, the oxidizing agent is copper sulfate and the complexing agent is ammonium sulfate.

[0012] It should be noted that the dechlorination method of this invention innovates upon existing dechlorination technologies by adding ammonium sulfate as a complexing agent, which causes divalent copper ions to form copper-ammonia complex ions with lower oxidizing power. These copper-ammonia complex ions can more efficiently undergo a redox reaction with glucose in an acidic environment, achieving efficient and low-cost purification of chloride ions in acidic wastewater through redox precipitation. [Cu(NH3)] n ] 2+ It reacts more readily with glucose in an acidic environment to produce Cu. + The principle of Cl - This invention allows for more efficient CuCl precipitate formation in acidic environments, achieving dechlorination. Simultaneously, the cost of dechlorination agents (the amount of divalent copper added) is significantly reduced, and the dechlorination time and cycle are substantially shortened. The method described in this invention not only efficiently removes chloride ions from waste acid but also allows the purified waste acid solution (high acidity) to be returned to the industrial flue gas pollutant washing stage. Furthermore, the separated solids can be regenerated and reused in the dechlorination process as copper salts, resulting in a high-quality and comprehensive process. This invention solves the problem of efficient and low-cost purification of chloride ions in waste acid, achieving the goal of efficient resource utilization of waste acid.

[0013] The method described in this invention can not only efficiently remove chloride ions from waste acid, but also better wash chlorine from industrial flue gas. Furthermore, the separated solids can be regenerated and reused in the dechlorination process in the form of copper salts, resulting in a good and complete process.

[0014] In addition, the present invention makes it easy to adjust the acidity of wastewater, and the reagents used for removing chloride ions from wastewater are convenient to use, resulting in a high dechlorination efficiency of up to 98.1%.

[0015] Furthermore, the acidity of the waste acid is adjusted to reach a sulfuric acid environment with a mass concentration of no less than 50%. The purpose is to remove chlorine in the form of hydrogen chloride gas, while the liquid is the dechlorinated acid solution, which is reused in the industrial acid production flue gas washing process due to its high acidity, and can significantly remove chlorine from the flue gas.

[0016] In addition, a sulfuric acid environment with a mass concentration of 50% is more economical in terms of reagent costs and has a better effect. However, when the mass concentration is greater than 50%, chloride ions are more likely to turn into hydrogen chloride gas under high temperature and acidity conditions greater than 50%, resulting in a good chloride ion removal effect. However, this also consumes more sulfuric acid to adjust the waste acid, and the operation of adjusting the acidity of the waste acid becomes difficult. Too high acidity will cause excessive corrosion to instruments and equipment, etc.

[0017] Furthermore, the amounts of reducing agent and oxidizing agent added to the dechlorination agent are related to the Cl in the wastewater. -The molar ratios of the complexing agent and the Cl in the wastewater are (1.5-2):1 and (0.25-0.5):1, respectively. - The molar ratio is (1-10):1.

[0018] The formation of copper-ammonia complex ions reduces the amount of copper powder produced by glucose reduction, thus increasing the amount of copper in ionic form [Cu(NH3)]. n ] 2+ It reacts more efficiently with glucose in a redox reaction, with the reducing agent and oxidizing agent generating an appropriate amount of Cu. + Cu + With Cl in wastewater - The molar ratio ensures that the Cl in the wastewater - It can be fully settled.

[0019] Furthermore, the reason for selecting a temperature range of 80-100℃ for adding the reagent in the above technical solution is that HCl gas has a faster volatilization efficiency within this temperature range, which is beneficial for Cl. - It provides suitable conditions for the volatilization.

[0020] Furthermore, the stirring method is any one of magnetic stirring, mechanical stirring, or rotary mixing.

[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions is that it increases the diversity of the selection of stirring methods for the dechlorination method provided by the present invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the stirring frequency is 180-300 r / min, and the stirring time is 110-130 min.

[0023] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that, by determining the stirring frequency and stirring time, the reducing agent, oxidizing agent, complexing agent, and corresponding reactants can be brought into more complete contact, and sufficient reaction time is provided to ensure a more thorough removal of Cl from the wastewater. - This avoids the oxidation of the precipitate and the loss of economic costs caused by excessively long reaction times.

[0024] Furthermore, the filtration method is suction filtration or atmospheric pressure filtration.

[0025] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are that the above-mentioned filtration method has a fast filtration speed, high efficiency and low cost.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] This invention relates to a method for efficiently removing chloride ions from waste acid using cuprous chloride precipitation under high acid conditions, belonging to the field of industrial acidic wastewater treatment and resource utilization. To overcome the shortcomings of traditional cuprous chloride dechlorination technology, such as long reaction time, large consumption of divalent copper, and poor dechlorination effect due to the weak reducing ability of some reducing agents in high acid (low pH) environments, this invention provides a method for efficiently removing chloride ions from waste acid using cuprous chloride precipitation by glucose reduction under high acidity. This method has a short reaction time, low consumption of divalent copper, and does not use copper powder. It is suitable for acidic wastewater including those with pH < 0 and pH = 0-7 (wide applicability), achieving a removal efficiency of over 97%, and can be reused in industrial flue gas pollutant washing processes. Specifically,

[0028] 1) This invention adds sulfuric acid to achieve a certain sulfuric acid concentration in the wastewater, while using copper sulfate, ammonium sulfate and glucose to generate cuprous chloride precipitate to reduce chloride ions in the wastewater.

[0029] 2) This invention employs ammonium sulfate complexation to generate [Cu(NH3)] from divalent copper. n ] 2+ This reduces the oxidizing power of divalent copper, preventing a decrease in reaction rate due to copper powder formation. Simultaneously, the use of glucose, a reducing agent with stronger reducing properties than ascorbic acid and thiourea, ensures a better dechlorination effect in highly acidic wastewater.

[0030] 3) This invention generates [Cu(NH3)] n ] 2+ Using glucose as a reducing agent, the chloride ion removal rate is relatively high after the reaction. Because the adjusted waste acid is highly acidic, the purified waste acid solution after dechlorination can be reused in the absorption and elution stage of pollutants in industrial flue gas, laying a good foundation for the recycling of sulfuric acid resources.

[0031] 4) This invention can efficiently remove chloride ions from waste acid while retaining sulfuric acid, thus achieving the purpose of enriching and recovering sulfuric acid resources from waste acid. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 The dechlorination agent provided by this invention removes Cl from acidic wastewater. - A schematic diagram illustrating the principle. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The term "embodiment" used herein, as an example, is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. Performance testing in the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, employs conventional testing methods in the art. It should be understood that the terminology used in this application is merely for describing particular implementations and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0036] Unless otherwise stated, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; other experimental methods and technical means not specifically mentioned herein refer to experimental methods and technical means commonly used by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "rise", "fall", "vertical", "surface", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] To better illustrate the content of this application, numerous specific details are provided in the following detailed embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application can be implemented even without certain specific details. In the embodiments, some methods, means, instruments, and devices well-known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this application.

[0039] Without conflict, the technical features disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be combined arbitrarily, and the resulting technical solution belongs to the content disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0040] To better understand the present invention, the following embodiments are provided for further detailed description of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described invention are also considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A method for removing Cl from simulated acidic wastewater- The methods include:

[0043] To Cl - In 500 ml of simulated acidic wastewater with a concentration of 2000 mg / L, sulfuric acid was added to adjust the acidity of the wastewater to an H2SO4 mass concentration of 50%. The concentrations were then adjusted according to the reaction of sulfuric acid with Cl in the wastewater. - Glucose, copper sulfate, and ammonium sulfate were added simultaneously in molar ratios of 1.5:1, 0.25:1, and 10:1. The mixture was magnetically stirred at 240 r / min at 80°C for 120 min. After cooling, the precipitate was separated by suction filtration. The remaining Cl in the wastewater... - The concentration of Cu was 44 mg / L, the removal efficiency of Cl- was 97.8%, and the remaining Cu in the wastewater... 2+ The concentration is very low, with a remaining sulfuric acid mass concentration of 49%, which is recycled in the industrial flue gas pollutant washing process. The precipitate formed is CuCl precipitate, which is recycled as copper salt in the dechlorination process after regeneration.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] A method for removing Cl from simulated acidic wastewater - The methods include:

[0046] Add sulfuric acid to 500 ml of simulated acidic wastewater with a Cl- concentration of 1900 mg / L to adjust the acidity of the wastewater to an H2SO4 mass concentration of 50%. Then, according to the Cl- concentration in the wastewater... - Glucose, copper sulfate, and ammonium sulfate were added simultaneously in molar ratios of 1.5:1, 0.25:1, and 1:1. The mixture was magnetically stirred at 300 r / min at 90°C for 120 min. After cooling, the precipitate was separated by suction filtration. The remaining Cl in the wastewater... - The concentration was 56.7 mg / L, Cl - The removal efficiency was 97.0%, and the remaining Cu in the wastewater 2+ The concentration was low, with a remaining sulfuric acid mass concentration of 49.1%, which was recycled in the industrial flue gas pollutant washing process. The precipitate formed was CuCl precipitate, which was regenerated and recycled as copper salt in the dechlorination process.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] A method for removing Cl from actual acidic wastewater - The methods include:

[0049] To Cl - In 500 ml of actual acidic wastewater with a concentration of 2100 mg / L, sulfuric acid was added to adjust the acidity of the wastewater to an H2SO4 mass concentration of 50%. The concentrations were then adjusted according to the reaction of sulfuric acid with Cl in the wastewater. -Glucose, copper sulfate, and ammonium sulfate were added simultaneously in molar ratios of 1.5:1, 0.5:1, and 5:1. The mixture was magnetically stirred at 180 r / min at 100°C for 120 min. After cooling, the precipitate was separated by suction filtration. The remaining Cl in the wastewater... - The concentration of Cu was 39.9 mg / L, the removal efficiency of Cl- was 98.1%, and the remaining Cu in the wastewater 2+ The concentration was very low, with a remaining sulfuric acid mass concentration of 48.9%, which was recycled in the industrial flue gas pollutant washing process. The precipitate formed was CuCl precipitate, which was regenerated and recycled as copper salt in the dechlorination process.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] A method for removing Cl from actual acidic wastewater - The methods include:

[0052] To Cl - In 500 ml of actual acidic wastewater with a concentration of 3000 mg / L, sulfuric acid was added to adjust the acidity of the wastewater to an H2SO4 mass concentration of 50%. The concentrations were then adjusted according to the reaction of sulfuric acid with Cl in the wastewater. - Glucose, copper sulfate, and ammonium sulfate were added simultaneously in molar ratios of 2:1, 0.25:1, and 8:1. The mixture was magnetically stirred at 240 r / min at 80°C for 120 min. After cooling, the precipitate was separated by suction filtration. The remaining Cl in the wastewater... - The concentration was 75 mg / L, Cl - The removal efficiency was 97.5%, and the remaining Cu in the wastewater 2+ The concentration was very low, with a remaining sulfuric acid mass concentration of 48.6%, which was recycled in the industrial flue gas pollutant washing process. The precipitate formed was CuCl precipitate, which was regenerated and recycled as copper salt in the dechlorination process.

[0053] To further demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention and to better understand it, the technical features disclosed in the present invention are further illustrated by the following comparative examples, but these should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Other improvements made by those skilled in the art based on the above description of the invention, without inventive effort, are also considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] A method for removing Cl from simulated acidic wastewater - The methods include:

[0056] Add sulfuric acid to 500 ml of simulated acidic wastewater with a Cl- concentration of 2000 mg / L, adjust the acidity to an H2SO4 concentration of 50%, without adding glucose, copper sulfate, or ammonium sulfate. Stir magnetically at 80°C for 240 rpm for 120 min. After cooling, separate the precipitate by suction filtration. The remaining Cl- in the wastewater... - The concentration was 1060 mg / L, Cl - The removal efficiency was 47%.

[0057] It is evident that simply increasing the acidity of the reaction is not an effective method for chlorine removal; the Cl- content in the treated acidic wastewater remains high. - The concentration does not meet the reuse standards.

[0058] Comparative Example 2

[0059] A method for removing Cl from simulated acidic wastewater - The methods include:

[0060] To Cl - In 500 ml of simulated acidic wastewater with a concentration of 2000 mg / L, without adding additional sulfuric acid to adjust the wastewater acidity (initial sulfuric acid mass acidity 13%), the solutions were mixed with the Cl- in the wastewater according to... - Glucose, copper sulfate, and ammonium sulfate were added simultaneously in molar ratios of 1.5:1, 0.5:1, and 5:1. The mixture was magnetically stirred at 80°C with a stirring frequency of 240 r / min for 120 min. After the mixture was allowed to stand and cool, the precipitate was separated by suction filtration. The concentration of residual Cl- in the wastewater was 663 mg / L, and the Cl- removal efficiency was 66.85%.

[0061] It is evident that the method of adding glucose, copper sulfate, and ammonium sulfate alone to generate cuprous chloride for dechlorination is not ideal, and the Cl- concentration in the treated acidic wastewater cannot meet the reuse standard.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] A method for removing Cl from simulated acidic wastewater - The methods include:

[0064] To Cl - In 500 ml of simulated acidic wastewater with a concentration of 2000 mg / L, sulfuric acid was added to adjust the acidity of the wastewater to an H2SO4 mass concentration of 30%. The concentrations were then adjusted according to the reaction of sulfuric acid with the Cl- in the wastewater. -Glucose, copper sulfate, and ammonium sulfate were added simultaneously in molar ratios of 1.5:1, 0.5:1, and 5:1. The mixture was magnetically stirred at 80°C with a stirring frequency of 180 r / min for 120 min. After the mixture was allowed to stand and cool, the precipitate was separated by suction filtration. The concentration of residual Cl- in the wastewater was 486 mg / L, and the Cl- removal efficiency was 75.7%.

[0065] It is evident that when the reaction acidity used is outside the protection range of this invention, the dechlorination effect is not good, and the Cl in the treated acidic wastewater is high. - The concentration does not meet the reuse standards.

[0066] Comparative Example 4

[0067] A method for removing Cl from simulated acidic wastewater - The methods include:

[0068] To Cl - In 500 ml of simulated acidic wastewater with a concentration of 2000 mg / L, sulfuric acid was added to adjust the acidity of the wastewater to an H2SO4 mass concentration of 50%. The concentrations were then adjusted according to the reaction of sulfuric acid with Cl in the wastewater. - Glucose, copper sulfate, and ammonium sulfate were added simultaneously in molar ratios of 0.5:1, 0.15:1, and 15:1. The mixture was magnetically stirred at 80°C with a stirring frequency of 240 r / min for 120 min. After the mixture was allowed to stand and cool, the precipitate was separated by suction filtration. The concentration of residual Cl- in the wastewater was 864 mg / L, and the Cl- removal efficiency was 56.8%.

[0069] It is evident that using glucose, copper sulfate, and ammonium sulfate in amounts outside the scope of this invention as dechlorination agents does not yield ideal dechlorination results, and the treated acidic wastewater still contains Cl. - The concentration does not meet the reuse standards.

[0070] Based on the above analysis, and according to the dechlorination results of Examples 1 to 4, the dechlorination method and reagents provided by this invention can achieve a chloride chlorination rate of 97% or higher, whether applied to simulated acidic wastewater dechlorination or actual acidic wastewater dechlorination. - Removal efficiency. This not only solves the problem of Cl in acidic wastewater - This method addresses the challenge of efficient chlorination removal, is simple to operate, and significantly reduces the reaction time compared to the traditional cuprous chloride method, making it a promising solution. It uses low amounts of divalent copper and eliminates the need for copper powder, making it suitable for acidic wastewater with pH < 0 and pH = 0-7 (wide applicability). Furthermore, the purified solution after chlorination can be reused in industrial flue gas pollutant elution processes.

[0071] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for efficiently removing chloride ions from polluted acid using cuprous chloride precipitation under high acid conditions, characterized in that, Take the wastewater containing acid, add a dechlorination agent at 80℃-100℃ and adjust the acidity of the wastewater, then filter and separate the precipitate after stirring. The dechlorination agent is a mixture of reducing agent, oxidizing agent and complexing agent in a molar ratio of (1.5-2):(0.25-0.5):(1-10), wherein the reducing agent is glucose, the oxidizing agent is copper sulfate and the complexing agent is ammonium sulfate; Adjust the acidity of the polluted acid to achieve a sulfuric acid environment with a mass concentration of not less than 50%; The amount of reducing agent and oxidizing agent added to the dechlorination agent is related to the amount of Cl in the acidic wastewater. - The molar ratios of the complexing agent and the Cl in the wastewater are (1.5-2):1 and (0.25-0.5):1, respectively. - The molar ratio is (1-10):

1.

2. The method for efficiently removing chloride ions from waste acid using cuprous chloride precipitation under high acid conditions, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The stirring method is any one of magnetic stirring, mechanical stirring, or rotary mixing.

3. The method for efficiently removing chloride ions from waste acid using cuprous chloride precipitation under high acid conditions, as described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that... The stirring frequency is 180-300 r / min, and the stirring time is 110-130 min.

4. The method for efficiently removing chloride ions from waste acid using cuprous chloride precipitation under high acid conditions, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The filtration method is either suction filtration or atmospheric pressure filtration.

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