A motor completely no-load starting device and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of magnetic coupling drive transmission equipment, and in particular to a completely no-load starting device for a motor and a method for using the same. The completely no-load starting device for a motor comprises a permanent magnet disk and a rotor disk of magnetic transmission, wherein the permanent magnet disk is sleeved on the main shaft and can slide along the axial guide of the main shaft, an axial hole is provided at one end of the center of the main shaft, a first push rod is slidably provided in the axial hole, a first radial connecting rod is radially provided at the center of the permanent magnet disk, one end of the first push rod is connected to a hydraulic drive mechanism, and the other end is connected to the first radial connecting rod. The present invention has a compact structure, occupies little space, realizes a lightweight design, and is suitable for adopting a no-load starting method, so that the motor first drives the rotor disk to rotate at no load, and the permanent magnet disk gradually starts to rotate in the process of steadily approaching the rotor disk, and finally enters a working state, which not only effectively protects the motor, but also ensures the safe and stable operation of the load side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of magnetic coupling drive transmission technology, and in particular to a motor complete no-load starting device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The magnetic coupler, also known as the magnetic coupling, is mainly composed of three parts: a rotor disk, a permanent magnet disk and a controller. There is an air gap (i.e., air gap) between the rotor disk and the permanent magnet disk. There is no mechanical connection to transmit torque. A soft connection is formed between the motor and the working machine. The air gap is adjusted to achieve changes in the torque and speed of the working machine shaft. Its excellent performance is being recognized by a large number of users and is being used more and more widely.

[0003] In the prior art, under the working condition of high power and constant torque, the overall volume of the magnetic coupler is large, and the load starting method is usually adopted when it is used, that is, before the motor (connected to the rotor disk) is started, the permanent magnetic disk (connected to the shaft on the load side) is controlled to move to the working air gap, and then the motor is started. While the motor drives the rotor disk to rotate, the permanent magnetic disk rotates accordingly under the action of the magnetic field. With the above operation mode, the motor needs to drive the load side to rotate when it starts, the instantaneous starting current is large, and the slip between the rotor disk and the permanent magnetic disk is large. The disadvantages of the above problems are particularly prominent under the working condition of high power and constant torque. For example, in the working occasion where a large load is transported by a conveyor belt, the output power required by the motor is large. With the traditional load starting method, the huge instantaneous starting current will cause a large amount of heat generation in the motor, seriously damaging the service life of the motor or even burning the motor. In addition, due to the large slip between the rotor disk and the permanent magnetic disk at the start, the transmission torque fluctuates greatly. Under the dual effects of the gravity of the load and the unstable transmission torque, the conveyor belt cannot start to transmit smoothly, and is prone to pulling or even tearing, which seriously affects the production safety and stability. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a starting method that can effectively protect the operation of the motor and the load side, and a compact and lightweight starting device that is compatible with the starting method. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a motor completely no-load starting device, including a permanent magnet disk and a rotor disk of magnetic transmission, the permanent magnet disk is sleeved on the main shaft and can slide along the axial guide of the main shaft, an axial hole is provided at one end of the center of the main shaft, a first push rod is slidably provided in the axial hole, a first radial connecting rod is radially provided at the center of the permanent magnet disk, one end of the first push rod is connected to a hydraulic drive mechanism, and the other end is connected to the first radial connecting rod.

[0005] Preferably, the rotor disk is connected to the shaft sleeve, the permanent magnet disk and the rotor disk are both double-disc structures, the first radial connecting rod is arranged on the permanent magnet disk close to the load side, the main shaft is provided with a first long radial hole, the first radial connecting rod passes through the first long radial hole and can move axially along the first long radial hole, and the main shaft is rotatably arranged on the main shaft support frame.

[0006] Preferably, a vertical plate assembly is rotatably mounted on the main shaft, and the vertical plate assembly includes a first vertical plate and a second vertical plate arranged at an interval, the first vertical plate is fixed on the main shaft support frame, the second vertical plate is rotatably connected to one end of the rotor disk close to the load side, and the hydraulic drive mechanism is fixedly installed between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate.

[0007] Preferably, the hydraulic drive mechanism is an internal hydraulic drive, including an oil inlet assembly arranged between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate and a first hydraulic cylinder axially arranged inside the main shaft, a piston is provided in the first hydraulic cylinder, the piston is connected to the first push rod, and a main shaft oil inlet hole connecting the first hydraulic cylinder oil chamber and the oil inlet assembly is provided on the main shaft, and the oil inlet assembly is externally connected to a pressure oil source.

[0008] Preferably, the oil inlet assembly includes a first bearing seat fixed between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, the first bearing seat is provided with a first oil inlet hole, a first bearing is provided near one end of the first vertical plate, a second bearing is provided near one end of the second vertical plate, an outer bearing retaining ring and an inner bearing retaining ring are provided at the center, the outer bearing retaining ring is provided with a second oil inlet hole sealed and connected to the first oil inlet hole, and an annular oil groove connected to the second oil inlet hole, the inner bearing retaining ring is provided with a third oil inlet hole, and the third oil inlet hole is sealed and connected to the main shaft oil inlet hole and the annular oil groove respectively.

[0009] Preferably, a mounting cavity and a first limit member are axially provided at one end of the main shaft facing the load side, the first hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the mounting cavity, and the first limit member abuts against the first hydraulic cylinder and is fixed to the opening end of the mounting cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the hydraulic drive mechanism is an external hydraulic drive, including a cover plate fixed between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, a second hydraulic cylinder connected to a pressure oil source is horizontally arranged on the cover plate, a piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to an axial sliding member, an end of the first push rod facing the load side is connected to a second radial connecting rod, a second long radial hole for axial sliding of the second radial connecting rod is provided on the main shaft, and both ends of the second radial connecting rod extend out of the second long radial hole and are connected to the axial sliding member.

[0011] Preferably, a steel sleeve is fixedly provided on the main shaft, and a third long radial hole corresponding to the second long radial hole is provided on the steel sleeve, and the axial sliding member includes a sliding sleeve which slides along the axial guide of the steel sleeve, and the sliding sleeve connects the second radial connecting rod and the third bearing, the third bearing is connected to the second bearing seat, the second bearing seat is connected to the third radial connecting rod, and the third radial connecting rod is connected to the piston rod, and a long through hole for axial sliding of the third radial connecting rod is provided on the cover plate.

[0012] Preferably, a minimum air gap adjustment mechanism is provided in the first long radial hole, and the minimum air gap adjustment mechanism includes a connected second limit member and an electrically-controlled telescopic member, the electrically-controlled telescopic member is connected to a conductive member via a wire, and the conductive member is connected to a power supply, and mounting grooves are provided on both sides of the first long radial hole close to one end of the vertical plate assembly, and the second limit member and the electrically-controlled telescopic member are provided in the mounting grooves, and the second limit member can extend out of the mounting groove under the control of the electrically-controlled telescopic member to limit the displacement of the first radial connecting rod.

[0013] Preferably, the second limiting member comprises a U-shaped frame facing the opening of the first push rod, a second push rod is provided at the center of the U-shaped frame, and the second push rod is connected to the electrically-controlled telescopic member.

[0014] Preferably, the electrically controlled telescopic member includes a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, the permanent magnet is fixed to the free end of the second push rod, the electromagnet is fixed to the inside of the main shaft through a mounting seat and is connected to the conductive member, the electromagnet and the permanent magnet repel each other when power is turned on, and the electromagnet and the permanent magnet attract each other when power is turned off.

[0015] Preferably, the electrically controlled telescopic part includes a bidirectional memory spring, one end of the bidirectional memory spring is connected to the second push rod, and the other end is connected to a spring fixing seat. The bidirectional memory spring is fixed inside the main shaft through the spring fixing seat and is connected to the conductive part. The bidirectional memory spring extends when powered on and heated, and contracts when powered off.

[0016] Preferably, the conductive part includes a fixed ring, a conductive ring and a conductive block. The fixed ring can be rotatably mounted on the main shaft and fixed to one end of the vertical plate assembly. The inner ring wall is provided with a conductive ring track, and a conductive ring is provided inside the conductive ring track. The conductive block is fixed on the main shaft, one end of which slides against the conductive ring, and the other end is connected to the electrically controlled telescopic part through a wire.

[0017] Preferably, the mounting groove includes a first sliding groove for accommodating the U-shaped frame, a second sliding groove for accommodating the second push rod, and a fixed groove for accommodating the electrically controlled telescopic part. A wire channel and a conductive block mounting hole connected to the wire channel are axially provided in the main shaft, and a wire hole connected to the wire channel is provided in the fixed groove.

[0018] The present invention provides a method for using a motor completely no-load starting device, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step S100: Installation: Connect the main shaft to the rotating shaft on the load side, and connect the sleeve to the rotating shaft of the motor;

[0020] Step S200. No-load start: drive the first push rod to move axially through the hydraulic drive mechanism, so that the permanent magnet disk moves away from the rotor disk, and start the motor after entering the maximum air gap state. At this time, the motor drives the rotor disk to rotate without load, and the permanent magnet disk is stationary;

[0021] Step S300. Air gap adjustment: After the motor speed stabilizes, the first push rod is driven to move slowly axially through the hydraulic drive mechanism, so that the permanent magnetic disk gradually approaches the rotor disk until it enters the working air gap. The permanent magnetic disk gradually starts to rotate in the process of approaching the rotor disk until it enters a stable rotation state.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention arranges a first push rod at the center of the main shaft, and pushes the first push rod through a hydraulic drive mechanism to adjust the air gap, thereby dividing the drive structure in the prior art into two parts, one part being arranged outside the main shaft and the other part being arranged inside the main shaft, thereby reducing the overall space occupied by the drive structure and achieving a lightweight design, so that the permanent magnet disk can gradually start to rotate in the process of steadily approaching the rotor disk and finally enter a working state;

[0024] 2. The present invention adopts a lightweight structural design and a no-load starting mode, so that the motor first drives the rotor disk to rotate at no-load. At this time, a large starting current is not required, which effectively protects the motor and prolongs its service life. In addition, the permanent magnet disk slowly starts to rotate in the process of gradually approaching the rotor disk, which plays a buffering and protective role, avoids the distortion and tearing of the conveyor belt, and ensures the smooth and safe operation of the load side.

[0025] 3. The hydraulic drive mechanism adopts an internal hydraulic drive mode, the first hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the main shaft, and the first push rod is directly connected to the piston in the first hydraulic cylinder, which further reduces the space occupied by the present invention;

[0026] 4. The hydraulic drive mechanism adopts the external hydraulic drive mode, and the second hydraulic cylinder can directly use standard parts, which further improves the process tolerance;

[0027] 5. The minimum air gap adjustment mechanism is set on the main shaft, which can adjust the minimum working air gap according to needs and improve the control accuracy of air gap adjustment;

[0028] In summary, the motor completely no-load starting device provided by the present invention has a compact structure, occupies a small space, realizes a lightweight design, and is suitable for a no-load starting method, so that the motor first drives the rotor disk to rotate at no load, and the permanent magnet disk gradually starts to rotate in the process of steadily approaching the rotor disk, and finally enters a working state, which not only effectively protects the motor, but also ensures the safe and stable operation of the load side. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Another AA section view of;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of middle A;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly state of the main shaft, the first radial connecting rod, a permanent magnet disk, a rotor disk, a hydraulic drive mechanism and a vertical plate assembly in Example 2;

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Exploded view of;

[0035] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Example 3;

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 7 BB cross-section diagram;

[0037] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of B in the middle;

[0038] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the combined state of the main shaft, hydraulic drive mechanism and vertical plate assembly in Example 3;

[0039] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Exploded view of;

[0040] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the combined state of the main shaft, the first radial connecting rod, the minimum air gap adjustment mechanism and the vertical plate assembly in Example 4;

[0041] Fig.13 for Fig.12 Exploded view of;

[0042] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the minimum air gap adjustment mechanism;

[0043] Fig.15 A three-dimensional cross-section of the main axis;

[0044] Fig.16 Another three-dimensional cross-section view of the main axis.

[0045] Description of reference numerals:

[0046] 1. Permanent magnetic disk, 11. First radial connecting rod, 2. Main shaft, 21. Axial hole, 22. First long radial hole, 23. Main shaft oil inlet hole, 24. Mounting cavity, 25. First stopper, 26. Second long radial hole, 27. Mounting groove, 271. First slide groove, 272. Second slide groove, 273. Fixed groove, 2731. Wire hole, 28. Wire channel, 29. Conductive block mounting hole, 3. First push rod, 4. Hydraulic drive mechanism, 41. Oil inlet assembly, 411. First bearing seat, 4111. First oil inlet hole, 412. First bearing, 413. Second bearing, 414. Outer bearing retaining ring, 4141. Second oil inlet hole, 4142. Annular oil groove, 415. Inner bearing retaining ring, 4151. Third oil inlet hole, 42. First hydraulic cylinder , 43, piston, 44, cover plate, 441, long through hole, 45, second hydraulic cylinder, 451, piston rod, 46, axial sliding member, 461, third radial connecting rod, 462, sliding sleeve, 463, third bearing, 464, second bearing seat, 47, second radial connecting rod, 48, steel sleeve, 481, third long radial hole, 5, rotor disk, 6, shaft sleeve, 7, vertical plate assembly, 71, first vertical plate, 72, second vertical plate, 8, minimum air gap adjustment mechanism, 81, second limit member, 811, U-shaped frame, 812, second push rod, 82, electric control telescopic member, 821, permanent magnet, 822, electromagnet, 823, mounting seat, 83, conductive member, 831, fixing ring, 8311, conductive ring, 832, conductive ring, 833, conductive block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The specific implementation of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0048] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read them, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0049] At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships should be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] Combined with Figures 1 to 16 , this embodiment provides a completely no-load starting device for a motor, comprising a permanent magnetic disk 1 and a rotor disk 5 of magnetic transmission, wherein the permanent magnetic disk 1 is sleeved on the main shaft 2 and can slide along the axial direction of the main shaft 2, an axial hole 21 is provided at one end of the center of the main shaft 2, a first push rod 3 is slidably provided in the axial hole 21, a first radial connecting rod 11 is radially provided at the center of the permanent magnetic disk 1, one end of the first push rod 3 is connected to the hydraulic drive mechanism 4, and the other end is connected to the first radial connecting rod 11. In the above structure, the permanent magnetic disk 1 can slide along the axial direction of the main shaft 2, which means that the permanent magnetic disk 1 can both rotate with the main shaft 2 and slide along the axial direction of the main shaft 2, which is usually achieved by an axially guided sliding structure in which a polygonal shaft head matches the disk hole of the permanent magnetic disk 1, or an axially guided sliding structure of a slideway slider, which is a conventional structure in the art and will not be described in detail. The hydraulic drive mechanism 4 can be arranged at any suitable position.

[0052] In a specific structure, the rotor disk 5 is connected to the shaft sleeve 6, the permanent magnetic disk 1 and the rotor disk 5 are both double-disc structures, the first radial connecting rod 11 is arranged on the permanent magnetic disk 1 close to the load side, the main shaft 2 is provided with a first long radial hole 22, the first radial connecting rod 11 passes through the first long radial hole 22 and can move axially along the first long radial hole 22, and the main shaft 2 is rotatably arranged on the main shaft support frame (not shown in the figure). In the above structure, the double-disc structure, that is, the magnetic coupler includes two axially connected rotor disks 5 and two axially connected and relatively displaceable permanent magnetic disks 1. The double-disc structure is a commonly used structure in the field, mainly used in high-power transmission occasions, and will not be described in detail.

[0053] In a specific structure, the main shaft 2 is rotatably mounted with a vertical plate assembly 7, the vertical plate assembly 7 includes a first vertical plate 71 and a second vertical plate 72 arranged at intervals, the first vertical plate 71 is fixed to the main shaft support frame, the second vertical plate 72 is rotatably connected to one end of the rotor disk 5 close to the load side, and the hydraulic drive mechanism 4 is fixedly installed between the first vertical plate 71 and the second vertical plate 72. In the above structure, the hydraulic drive mechanism 4 is fixed between the first vertical plate 71 and the second vertical plate 72, and plays the role of axial connection, so that the second vertical plate 72 and the first vertical plate 71 are fixed to the main shaft support frame together.

[0054] The working principle and working process of this embodiment are as follows: 1. Installation: connect the main shaft 2 to the rotating shaft on the load side, and connect the sleeve 6 to the rotating shaft of the motor; 2. No-load starting: drive the first push rod 3 to move axially through the hydraulic drive mechanism 4, so that the permanent magnetic disk 1 is away from the rotor disk 5, and start the motor after entering the maximum air gap state. At this time, the motor drives the rotor disk 5 to rotate at no load, and the permanent magnetic disk 1 is stationary; 3. Air gap adjustment: after the motor speed is stable, drive the first push rod 3 to move axially slowly through the hydraulic drive mechanism 4, so that the permanent magnetic disk 1 gradually approaches the rotor disk 5 until it enters the working air gap. The permanent magnetic disk 1 gradually starts to rotate in the process of approaching the rotor disk 5 until it enters a stable rotation state.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, this embodiment has the following advantages: First, in the prior art, the spindle 2 is usually a solid structure, and the driving structure for driving the axial movement of the permanent magnetic disk 1 is arranged outside the spindle 2, which increases the space occupied and weight of the cantilever side (that is, the cantilever between the spindle support frame and the permanent magnetic disk 1). The overall length of the double-disc magnetic coupler in the prior art is about 1.6m. This embodiment arranges a first push rod 3 at the inner center of the spindle 2, and pushes the first push rod 3 through the hydraulic drive mechanism 4 to achieve air gap adjustment, thereby dividing the driving structure in the prior art into two parts, one part is arranged outside the spindle 2, and the other part is arranged inside the spindle 2, thereby reducing the overall space occupied by the driving structure, and can reduce the overall length of the magnetic coupler to about 0.8m, thereby achieving the magnetic coupler structure. The lightweight design greatly reduces the vibration caused by the axial movement of the permanent magnetic disk 1 when it is rotating; secondly, in the prior art, the magnetic coupler is load-started, that is, the permanent magnetic disk 1 is first pushed to the working air gap through the driving structure, and then the motor is started. The motor drives the rotor disk 5 to rotate while driving the permanent magnetic disk 1 to rotate through the magnetic field. Since the permanent magnetic disk 1 is connected to the load, in occasions with heavy loads (for example, conveying heavy materials such as coal or gravel through a conveyor belt), in order to drive the load to rotate, the instantaneous starting current of the motor is very large, which in turn generates a large amount of heat, seriously affecting the service life of the motor. At the same time, due to the large slip between the permanent magnetic disk 1 and the rotor disk 5 when the load is started, the start is not smooth, and the conveyor belt is easily twisted and torn under the combined influence of the weight of the load and the unstable torque force of the permanent magnetic disk 1. This embodiment adopts a lightweight structural design and a no-load starting method, so that the motor first drives the rotor disk 5 to rotate at no-load. At this time, a large starting current is not required, which effectively protects the motor and extends its service life. In addition, the permanent magnet disk 1 slowly starts to rotate in the process of gradually approaching the rotor disk 5, which plays a buffering and protective role, avoids twisting and tearing of the conveyor belt, and ensures safe and smooth operation of the load side.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] Combined with Figures 1 to 16This embodiment provides a motor completely no-load starting device. On the basis of Embodiment 1, the structure of the hydraulic drive mechanism 4 is optimized to further reduce the space occupied by the present invention. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0058] The hydraulic drive mechanism 4 is an internal hydraulic drive, including an oil inlet assembly 41 disposed between the first vertical plate 71 and the second vertical plate 72 and a first hydraulic cylinder 42 axially disposed inside the main shaft 2, a piston 43 is disposed inside the first hydraulic cylinder 42, the piston 43 is connected to the first push rod 3, the main shaft 2 is provided with a main shaft oil inlet hole 23 connecting the oil chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder 42 and the oil inlet assembly 41, and the oil inlet assembly 41 is externally connected to a pressure oil source. In the above technical solution, the first hydraulic cylinder 42 is a single-acting hydraulic cylinder, the first push rod 3 is directly connected to the piston 43, and a spring is preferably disposed in the piston chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder 42.

[0059] In a specific structure, the oil inlet assembly 41 includes a first bearing seat 411 fixed between the first vertical plate 71 and the second vertical plate 72, the first bearing seat 411 is provided with a first oil inlet hole 4111, a first bearing 412 is provided near one end of the first vertical plate 71, a second bearing 413 is provided near one end of the second vertical plate 72, an outer bearing retaining ring 414 and an inner bearing retaining ring 415 are provided at the center, the outer bearing retaining ring 414 is provided with a second oil inlet hole 4141 sealed and connected to the first oil inlet hole 4111, and an annular oil groove 4142 connected to the second oil inlet hole 4141, the inner bearing retaining ring is provided with a third oil inlet hole 4151, and the third oil inlet hole 4151 is sealed and connected to the main shaft oil inlet hole 23 and the annular oil groove 4142 respectively. In the above structure, the outer bearing retaining ring 414 is a retaining ring connected to the fixed ends of the first bearing 412 and the second bearing 413, and the inner bearing retaining ring 415 is a retaining ring connected to the rotating ends of the first bearing 412 and the second bearing 413. When the main shaft 2 rotates, the outer bearing retaining ring 414, the fixed ends of the first bearing 412 and the second bearing 413 and the first bearing seat 411 remain stationary, and the inner bearing retaining ring 415, the rotating ends of the first bearing 412 and the second bearing 413 rotate together with the main shaft 2.

[0060] In a specific structure, the main shaft 2 is axially provided with a mounting cavity 24 and a first limiter 25 at one end facing the load side, the first hydraulic cylinder 42 is arranged in the mounting cavity 24, and the first limiter 25 abuts against the first hydraulic cylinder 42 and is fixed to the open end of the mounting cavity 24.

[0061] The working principle and working process of this embodiment are as follows: in the initial state, hydraulic oil is injected from the pressure oil source into the first oil inlet hole 4111, and the hydraulic oil enters the oil chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder 43 through the first oil inlet hole 4111, the second oil inlet hole 4141, the annular oil groove 4142, the third oil inlet hole 4151 and the main shaft oil inlet hole 23 in sequence, pushing the piston 43 and the first push rod 3 to move axially in the positive direction to the maximum air gap (that is, the first long radial hole 22 is far away from the end of the rotor disk 5); starting the motor, the motor drives the rotor disk 5 to rotate without load, and after the speed stabilizes, the pressure oil in the oil chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder 42 is pumped out, and the piston 43 and the first push rod 3 move axially in the reverse direction to the working air gap (usually the minimum air gap, that is, the first long radial hole 22 is close to the end of the rotor disk 5) under the action of negative pressure. During the movement, the permanent magnet disk 1 gradually starts to rotate, driving the main shaft 2 and the shaft on the load side connected to the main shaft 2 to rotate.

[0062] This embodiment adopts an internal hydraulic drive structure, installs the first hydraulic cylinder 42 inside the main shaft 2, and directly connects the first push rod 3 to the piston 43 in the first hydraulic cylinder 42, further reducing the space occupied by the present invention.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] Combined with Figures 1 to 16 This embodiment provides a motor completely no-load starting device. On the basis of Embodiment 1, the structure of the hydraulic drive mechanism 4 is optimized to further improve the process tolerance. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0065] The hydraulic drive mechanism 4 is an external hydraulic drive, including a cover plate 44 fixed between the first vertical plate 71 and the second vertical plate 72, a second hydraulic cylinder 45 connected to the pressure oil source is horizontally arranged on the cover plate 44, a piston rod 451 of the second hydraulic cylinder 45 is connected to an axial sliding member 46, the first push rod 3 is connected to a second radial connecting rod 47 at one end facing the load side, a second long radial hole 26 for axial sliding of the second radial connecting rod 47 is arranged on the main shaft 2, and both ends of the second radial connecting rod 47 extend out of the second long radial hole 26 and are connected to the axial sliding member 46. In the above technical solution, the second hydraulic cylinder 45 can directly adopt a commercially available product, preferably a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, which can improve the displacement control accuracy.

[0066] In a specific structure, a steel sleeve 48 is fixedly provided on the main shaft 2, and a third long radial hole 481 corresponding to the second long radial hole 26 is provided on the steel sleeve 48, and the axial sliding member 46 includes a sliding sleeve 462 that slides along the axial direction of the steel sleeve 48, and the sliding sleeve 462 connects the second radial connecting rod 47 and the third bearing 463, and the third bearing 463 connects the second bearing seat 464, and the second bearing seat 464 connects the third radial connecting rod 461, and the third radial connecting rod 461 connects the piston rod 451, and the cover plate 44 is provided with a long through hole 441 for the axial sliding of the third radial connecting rod 461. In the above structure, the sliding sleeve 462 is provided on the steel sleeve 48 for axial guiding sliding, which means that the sliding sleeve 462 can rotate with the steel sleeve 48 and can slide along the axial direction of the steel sleeve 48, and the specific principle is the same as before, which will not be repeated.

[0067] The working principle and working process of this embodiment are as follows: the second hydraulic cylinder 45 controls the sliding member 46, the second radial connecting rod 47 and the first push rod 3 to move axially in the positive direction to the maximum air gap; the motor is started, and the motor drives the rotor disk 5 to rotate at no load. After the speed stabilizes, the second hydraulic cylinder 45 controls the sliding member 46, the second radial connecting rod 47 and the first push rod 3 to move axially in the reverse direction to the working air gap. During the movement, the permanent magnet disk 1 gradually starts to rotate, driving the main shaft 2 and the rotating shaft on the load side connected to the main shaft 2 to rotate, and the steel sleeve 48, the sliding sleeve 462 and the rotating end of the third bearing 463 rotate with the main shaft 2.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] Combined with Figures 1 to 16 This embodiment provides a completely no-load starting device for a motor. Based on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3, the structure of the main shaft 2 is optimized so that the minimum working air gap of the present invention is adjustable. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0070] A minimum air gap adjustment mechanism 8 is provided in the first long radial hole 22, and the minimum air gap adjustment mechanism 8 includes a second limiter 81 and an electrically controlled telescopic member 82 connected to each other, the electrically controlled telescopic member 82 is connected to a conductive member 83 through a wire (not shown in the figure), and the conductive member 83 is connected to a power supply. The first long radial hole 22 is provided with mounting grooves 27 on both sides near one end of the vertical plate assembly 7, and the mounting grooves 27 are provided with the second limiter 81 and the electrically controlled telescopic member 82. The second limiter 81 can extend out of the mounting groove 27 under the control of the electrically controlled telescopic member 82 to limit the displacement of the first radial connecting rod 11. In the above technical solution, the electrically controlled telescopic member 82 is a component whose telescopic length is controlled by electric current, such as an electric push rod. The conductive member 83 can adopt a conventional brush slip ring.

[0071] In a specific structure, the second limiting member 81 includes a U-shaped frame 811 opening toward the first push rod 3 , a second push rod 812 is provided at the center of the U-shaped frame 811 , and the second push rod 812 is connected to the electric-controlled telescopic member 82 .

[0072] In a specific structure, the electric control telescopic member 82 includes a permanent magnet 821 and an electromagnet 822, wherein the permanent magnet 821 is fixed to the free end of the second push rod 812, and the electromagnet 822 is fixed to the inside of the main shaft 2 through a mounting seat 823 and connected to the conductive member 83. After power is turned on, the electromagnet 822 repels the permanent magnet 821, and after power is turned off, the electromagnet 822 attracts the permanent magnet 821. In the above structure, a plurality of U-shaped frames 811 can be provided, and each U-shaped frame 811 defines a minimum air gap. When a plurality of U-shaped frames 811 are provided, a plurality of second push rods 812, permanent magnets 821 and electromagnets 822 are provided accordingly. In the non-powered state, the iron core of the electromagnet 822 attracts the permanent magnet 821, and in the powered state, the magnetic poles of the electromagnet 822 change, and the electromagnet 822 repels the permanent magnet 821.

[0073] In a specific structure, the conductive member 83 includes a fixed ring 831, a conductive ring 832 and a conductive block 833. The fixed ring 831 can be rotatably sleeved on the main shaft 2 and fixed to one end of the vertical plate assembly 7. The inner ring wall is provided with a conductive ring 8311. The conductive ring 832 is provided inside the conductive ring 8311. The conductive block 833 is fixed on the main shaft 2, one end of which slides against the conductive ring 832, and the other end is connected to the electric control telescopic member 82 through a wire. In the above structure, when multiple electromagnets 822 are provided, multiple conductive blocks 833 are provided accordingly, and multiple independent conductive rings 8311 are also provided on the fixed ring 831. The conductive rings 832 in each conductive ring 8311 are not electrically connected to each other, and are respectively connected to the power supply through wires. It should be noted that, according to common knowledge, the two ends of the energized coil of the electromagnet 822 are connected to wires respectively, so the conductive block 833 has two independent and electrically non-interconnected conductive sub-blocks, and the conductive ring 832 has two independent and electrically non-interconnected conductive sub-rings, respectively. The two conductive sub-rings are connected to the power supply through wires, and the wire at one end of the energized coil is connected to a conductive sub-block, and the conductive sub-block slides against one conductive sub-ring, and the wire at the other end is connected to another conductive sub-block, and the conductive sub-block slides against another conductive sub-ring. The specific internal structure is not the object of protection of the present invention, and can be arranged according to electrical common sense, and will not be repeated.

[0074] In a specific structure, the mounting groove 27 includes a first slide groove 271 for accommodating the U-shaped frame 811, a second slide groove 272 for accommodating the second push rod 812, and a fixed groove 273 for accommodating the electric control telescopic part 82. A wire channel 28 and a conductive block mounting hole 29 connected to the wire channel 28 are axially provided in the main shaft 2, and a wire hole 2731 connected to the wire channel 28 is provided in the fixed groove 273.

[0075] The working principle and working process of this embodiment are as follows: Taking the structure with three U-shaped frames 811 in this embodiment as an example, in the initial state, Fig.13 As shown, the first radial connecting rod 11 is located on the left side of the first long radial hole 22 (i.e., the position where the air gap is the largest), and the three U-shaped frames 811 are completely received in the three first sliding grooves 271. When the minimum working air gap needs to be slightly increased, Fig.14 The rightmost conductive ring 832 is energized, and the current flows into the rightmost two electromagnets 822 through the rightmost two conductive blocks 833. The magnetic poles of the electromagnets 822 are changed, and under the action of repulsion, the two rightmost permanent magnets 821 are pushed to move radially, so that the rightmost two U-shaped frames 811 are disengaged from the first slide groove 271, limiting the displacement of the first radial connecting rod 11 to the right, and the second push rod 812 freely passes through the opening of the two U-shaped frames 811. When the minimum air gap needs to be increased by a larger or maximum amount, the two U-shaped frames 811 in the middle position or on the leftmost are driven to disengage from the first slide groove 217, and the operating principle is the same as before. If it is necessary to restore the initial state, just stop energizing the conductive ring 832.

[0076] Example 5

[0077] Combined with Figures 1 to 16 This embodiment provides a motor completely no-load starting device. On the basis of Embodiment 4, another electrically controlled telescopic member 82 is provided. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0078] The electrically controlled telescopic member 82 includes a bidirectional memory spring (not shown in the figure), one end of which is connected to the second push rod 812, and the other end is connected to a spring fixing seat (not shown in the figure). The bidirectional memory spring is fixed inside the main shaft 2 through the spring fixing seat and is connected to the conductive member 83. The bidirectional memory spring is extended when powered on and heated, and is contracted when powered off.

[0079] In this embodiment, the power-on control process of the bidirectional memory spring is referred to Example 4.

[0080] Example 6

[0081] Combined with Figures 1 to 16 This embodiment provides a method for using a motor completely no-load starting device, comprising the following steps:

[0082] Step S100: Installation: Connect the main shaft 2 to the rotating shaft on the load side, and connect the sleeve 6 to the rotating shaft of the motor;

[0083] Step S200. No-load start: The first push rod 3 is driven to move axially by the hydraulic drive mechanism 4, so that the permanent magnet disk 1 is away from the rotor disk 5, and the motor is started after entering the maximum air gap state. At this time, the motor drives the rotor disk 5 to rotate without load, and the permanent magnet disk 1 is stationary;

[0084] Step S300. Air gap adjustment: After the motor speed is stable, the first push rod 3 is driven to move slowly axially through the hydraulic drive mechanism 4, so that the permanent magnetic disk 1 gradually approaches the rotor disk 5 until it enters the working air gap. The permanent magnetic disk 1 gradually starts to rotate in the process of approaching the rotor disk 5 until it enters a stable rotation state.

[0085] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be equivalent replacement modes and shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A completely no-load starting device for a motor, comprising a permanent magnet disk (1) and a rotor disk (5) of magnetic transmission, characterized in that: The permanent magnetic disk (1) is sleeved on the main shaft (2) and can slide along the axial guide of the main shaft (2); an axial hole (21) is provided at one end of the center of the main shaft (2); a first push rod (3) is slidably provided in the axial hole (21); a first radial connecting rod (11) is radially provided at the center of the permanent magnetic disk (1); one end of the first push rod (3) is connected to the hydraulic drive mechanism (4), and the other end is connected to the first radial connecting rod (11); A vertical plate assembly (7) is rotatably mounted on the main shaft (2), the vertical plate assembly (7) comprising a first vertical plate (71) and a second vertical plate (72) which are arranged at intervals, the first vertical plate (71) being fixed to the main shaft support frame, and the second vertical plate (72) being rotatably connected to one end of the rotor disk (5) close to the load side; The hydraulic drive mechanism (4) is an internal hydraulic drive, comprising an oil inlet assembly (41) arranged between the first vertical plate (71) and the second vertical plate (72), and a first hydraulic cylinder (42) axially arranged inside the main shaft (2), a piston (43) being arranged inside the first hydraulic cylinder (42), the piston (43) being connected to the first push rod (3), a main shaft oil inlet hole (23) being arranged on the main shaft (2) and connecting the oil chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder (42) and the oil inlet assembly (41), and the oil inlet assembly (41) being externally connected to a pressure oil source.

2. A motor completely no-load starting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil inlet assembly (41) comprises a first bearing seat (411) fixed between the first vertical plate (71) and the second vertical plate (72); a first oil inlet hole (4111) is provided on the first bearing seat (411); a first bearing (412) is provided at one end close to the first vertical plate (71); a second bearing (413) is provided at one end close to the second vertical plate (72); an outer bearing retaining ring (414) and an inner bearing retaining ring (415) are provided at the center; a second oil inlet hole (4141) sealingly connected to the first oil inlet hole (4111) and an annular oil groove (4142) connecting to the second oil inlet hole (4141) are provided on the outer bearing retaining ring (414); a third oil inlet hole (4151) is provided on the inner bearing retaining ring; the third oil inlet hole (4151) is sealingly connected to the main shaft oil inlet hole (23) and the annular oil groove (4142), respectively.

3. A motor completely no-load starting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An installation cavity (24) and a first stopper (25) are axially provided at one end of the main shaft (2) facing the load side, the first hydraulic cylinder (42) is arranged in the installation cavity (24), and the first stopper (25) abuts against the first hydraulic cylinder (42) and is fixed to an open end of the installation cavity (24).

4. A completely no-load starting device for a motor, comprising a permanent magnet disk (1) and a rotor disk (5) of magnetic transmission, characterized in that: The permanent magnetic disk (1) is sleeved on the main shaft (2) and can slide along the axial guide of the main shaft (2); an axial hole (21) is provided at one end of the center of the main shaft (2); a first push rod (3) is slidably provided in the axial hole (21); a first radial connecting rod (11) is radially provided at the center of the permanent magnetic disk (1); one end of the first push rod (3) is connected to the hydraulic drive mechanism (4), and the other end is connected to the first radial connecting rod (11); A vertical plate assembly (7) is rotatably mounted on the main shaft (2), the vertical plate assembly (7) comprising a first vertical plate (71) and a second vertical plate (72) which are arranged at intervals, the first vertical plate (71) being fixed to the main shaft support frame, and the second vertical plate (72) being rotatably connected to one end of the rotor disk (5) close to the load side; The hydraulic drive mechanism (4) is an external hydraulic drive, comprising a cover plate (44) fixed between the first vertical plate (71) and the second vertical plate (72); a second hydraulic cylinder (45) connected to a pressure oil source is horizontally arranged on the cover plate (44); a piston rod (451) of the second hydraulic cylinder (45) is connected to an axial sliding member (46); an end of the first push rod (3) facing the load side is connected to a second radial connecting rod (47); a second long radial hole (26) for axial sliding of the second radial connecting rod (47) is arranged on the main shaft (2); and both ends of the second radial connecting rod (47) extend out of the second long radial hole (26) and are connected to the axial sliding member (46).

5. A motor completely no-load starting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A steel sleeve (48) is fixedly provided on the main shaft (2), and a third long radial hole (481) corresponding to the second long radial hole (26) is provided on the steel sleeve (48). The axial sliding member (46) comprises a sliding sleeve (462) which slides along the axial guide of the steel sleeve (48), and the sliding sleeve (462) is connected to the second radial connecting rod (47) and the third bearing (463). The third bearing (463) is connected to the second bearing seat (464), and the second bearing seat (464) is connected to the third radial connecting rod (461). The third radial connecting rod (461) is connected to the piston rod (451), and a long through hole (441) is provided on the cover plate (44) for the axial sliding of the third radial connecting rod (461).

6. A motor completely no-load starting device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The rotor disk (5) is connected to the shaft sleeve (6); the permanent magnet disk (1) and the rotor disk (5) are both double-disc structures; the first radial connecting rod (11) is arranged on the permanent magnet disk (1) close to the load side; a first long radial hole (22) is provided on the main shaft (2); the first radial connecting rod (11) passes through the first long radial hole (22) and can move axially along the first long radial hole (22); and the main shaft (2) is rotatably arranged on a main shaft support frame.

7. A motor completely no-load starting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A minimum air gap adjustment mechanism (8) is provided in the first long radial hole (22), the minimum air gap adjustment mechanism (8) comprising a second position-limiting member (81) and an electrically controlled telescopic member (82) connected to each other, the electrically controlled telescopic member (82) being connected to a conductive member (83) via a wire, the conductive member (83) being connected to a power source, mounting grooves (27) are provided on both sides of the first long radial hole (22) close to one end of the vertical plate assembly (7), the second position-limiting member (81) and the electrically controlled telescopic member (82) are provided in the mounting grooves (27), the second position-limiting member (81) being able to extend out of the mounting groove (27) under the control of the electrically controlled telescopic member (82) to limit the displacement of the first radial connecting rod (11).

8. A motor completely no-load starting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second position-limiting member (81) comprises a U-shaped frame (811) with an opening facing the first push rod (3), a second push rod (812) being provided at the center of the U-shaped frame (811), and the second push rod (812) being connected to the electrically controlled telescopic member (82).

9. A motor completely no-load starting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electrically controlled telescopic member (82) comprises a permanent magnet (821) and an electromagnet (822); the permanent magnet (821) is fixed to the free end of the second push rod (812); the electromagnet (822) is fixed to the inside of the main shaft (2) via a mounting seat (823) and is connected to the conductive member (83); when power is turned on, the electromagnet (822) repels the permanent magnet (821); when power is turned off, the electromagnet (822) attracts the permanent magnet (821).

10. The motor completely no-load starting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electrically controlled telescopic member (82) comprises a bidirectional memory spring, one end of the bidirectional memory spring being connected to the second push rod (812) and the other end being connected to a spring fixing seat. The bidirectional memory spring is fixed inside the main shaft (2) via the spring fixing seat and is connected to the conductive member (83). When powered on and heated, the bidirectional memory spring is extended, and when powered off, the bidirectional memory spring is contracted.

11. A motor completely no-load starting device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The conductive member (83) comprises a fixed ring (831), a conductive ring (832) and a conductive block (833); the fixed ring (831) is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft (2) and fixed to one end of the vertical plate assembly (7); a conductive ring track (8311) is provided on the inner ring wall; a conductive ring (832) is provided inside the conductive ring track (8311); the conductive block (833) is fixed on the main shaft (2); one end of the conductive block (833) is slidably abutted against the conductive ring (832); and the other end is connected to the electrically controlled telescopic member (82) via a wire.

12. A motor completely no-load starting device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The mounting groove (27) comprises a first sliding groove (271) for accommodating the U-shaped frame (811), a second sliding groove (272) for accommodating the second push rod (812), and a fixing groove (273) for accommodating the electric-controlled telescopic member (82); a wire channel (28) and a conductive block mounting hole (29) connected to the wire channel (28) are axially provided in the main shaft (2); and a wire hole (2731) connected to the wire channel (28) is provided in the fixing groove (273).

13. A method for using a motor completely no-load starting device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S100: Installation: Connect the main shaft (2) to the rotating shaft on the load side, and connect the sleeve (6) to the rotating shaft of the motor; Step S200. No-load start: The first push rod (3) is driven to move axially by the hydraulic drive mechanism (4) so ​​that the permanent magnetic disk (1) moves away from the rotor disk (5), and the motor is started after the maximum air gap state is reached. At this time, the motor drives the rotor disk (5) to rotate at no load, and the permanent magnetic disk (1) is stationary; Step S300. Air gap adjustment: After the motor speed stabilizes, the hydraulic drive mechanism (4) drives the first push rod (3) to slowly move axially, so that the permanent magnetic disk (1) gradually approaches the rotor disk (5) until it enters the working air gap. The permanent magnetic disk (1) gradually starts to rotate in the process of approaching the rotor disk (5) until it enters a stable rotation state.

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