Wine grape water and fertilizer control system and method based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses a wine grape water and fertilizer control system and method based on the Internet of Things. The system comprises a data collection module, an image acquisition module, a data analysis module and an execution module. The data collection module is used for collecting environmental data in the grape growth process; the image acquisition module is used for acquiring image data in a grape growth process; the data analysis module analyzes the growth condition of the grapes based on the environment data and the image data, and formulates a water and fertilizer supply strategy based on the growth condition; and the execution module controls the supply amount of water and fertilizer based on the water and fertilizer supply strategy and completes drip irrigation. According to the intelligent management mode, the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved, resource waste is reduced, the grape growth environment is optimized, the quality and yield of grapes are improved, sustainable development of agriculture is promoted, the influence on the environment is reduced, and meanwhile economic benefits are improved for wine grape planters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of grape planting, and in particular relates to a water and fertilizer control system and method for wine grapes based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional wine grape cultivation process, water and fertilizer management mainly relies on farmers' experience and intuition, lacking scientific data support. This management method is not only inefficient, but also difficult to achieve precise control, resulting in waste of water resources and fertilizers, while also affecting the growth quality and yield of grapes. With the development of modern agricultural technology, especially the rise of Internet of Things technology, more and more research has begun to explore how to use sensors, data analysis and automated control technology to optimize the agricultural planting process. However, most of the existing water and fertilizer control systems are designed for field crops, and there is still a lack of targeted solutions for the planting needs of specific crops such as wine grapes. These systems often cannot accurately adapt to the specific needs of grapes for water and nutrients during the growth cycle, nor can they cope well with changes in different soil types and climatic conditions. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provides the following solutions:

[0004] A wine grape water and fertilizer control system based on the Internet of Things, comprising: a data collection module, an image acquisition module, a data analysis module and an execution module;

[0005] The data collection module is used to collect environmental data during the growth of grapes;

[0006] The image acquisition module is used to collect image data during the growth of grapes;

[0007] The data analysis module analyzes the growth of the grapes based on the environmental data and the image data, and formulates a water and fertilizer supply strategy based on the growth;

[0008] The execution module controls the supply of water and fertilizer based on the water and fertilizer supply strategy and completes drip irrigation.

[0009] Preferably, the data collection module includes: a humidity detection unit, a pH value detection unit, a nutrient detection unit and a stem flow sensing unit;

[0010] The humidity detection unit is used to detect the moisture content of the soil and obtain moisture content data;

[0011] The pH value detection unit is used to detect the pH value of the soil and obtain soil pH value data;

[0012] The nutrient detection unit is used to detect the content of elements required for plant growth in the soil to obtain nutrient content data, wherein the elements required for plant growth include nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium;

[0013] The stem flow sensing unit is used to collect stem flow simulation signals during the growth of grapes.

[0014] Preferably, the image acquisition module includes several high-definition cameras;

[0015] A plurality of the high-definition cameras are evenly arranged in the vineyard to collect images of grapes at different growth stages and obtain a plurality of the image data.

[0016] Preferably, the data analysis module includes: a data analysis unit, an image analysis unit and a strategy formulation unit;

[0017] The data analysis unit analyzes soil conditions and transpiration conditions based on the environmental data;

[0018] The image analysis unit analyzes the growth stage and the growth status of the grapes based on the image data;

[0019] The strategy formulation unit formulates the water and fertilizer supply strategy based on the soil condition, the transpiration condition, the grape growth stage and the grape growth state.

[0020] Preferably, the execution module includes: a nutrient solution configuration unit and a drip irrigation tape unit;

[0021] The nutrient solution configuration unit configures the nutrient solution according to the ratio of water and fertilizer in the water-fertilizer supply strategy;

[0022] The drip irrigation belt unit is used to infiltrate the nutrient solution into the soil in a drip irrigation manner.

[0023] The present invention also provides a wine grape water and fertilizer control method based on the Internet of Things, and the control method is applied to any of the control systems described above, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Collect environmental data during grape growing;

[0025] Collect image data of grapes during their growth process;

[0026] Analyzing the growth of grapes based on the environmental data and the image data, and formulating a water and fertilizer supply strategy based on the growth;

[0027] The supply of water and fertilizer is controlled based on the water and fertilizer supply strategy, and drip irrigation is completed.

[0028] Preferably, the method for collecting the environmental data during the growth of grapes comprises:

[0029] A plurality of humidity sensors are arranged in the soil, and the moisture content of the soil is detected by using the humidity sensors to obtain moisture content data;

[0030] A plurality of pH sensors are arranged in the soil, and the pH value of the soil is detected by using the pH sensors to obtain soil pH value data;

[0031] A plurality of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensors are arranged in the soil, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensors are used to detect the content of elements required for plant growth in the soil sample to obtain nutrient content data, wherein the elements required for plant growth include nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium;

[0032] A number of grape plants are randomly selected, and plant stem flow sensors are set at the stem bases of the grape plants. The plant stem flow sensors are used to collect stem flow simulation signals during the growth of the grapes.

[0033] Preferably, the method for collecting the image data during the growth of grapes includes: arranging a plurality of high-definition cameras in the vineyard, and using the high-definition cameras to collect images of grapes at different growth stages to obtain the plurality of image data.

[0034] Preferably, the method for formulating the water and fertilizer supply strategy includes:

[0035] Analyzing soil conditions and transpiration conditions based on the environmental data;

[0036] Analyzing the growth stage and the growth status of the grapes based on the image data;

[0037] The water and fertilizer supply strategy is formulated based on the soil conditions, the transpiration conditions, the grape growth stage and the grape growth status.

[0038] Preferably, the drip irrigation method comprises:

[0039] Prepare nutrient solution according to the ratio of water and fertilizer in the water and fertilizer supply strategy;

[0040] The nutrient solution is infiltrated into the soil by drip irrigation.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] The present invention integrates advanced sensor technology, data analysis algorithms and automated control equipment to monitor key parameters such as soil moisture, pH value, nutrient content, etc. in real time, and automatically adjusts irrigation and fertilization strategies based on these data to ensure that grapes obtain suitable water and fertilizer conditions during the growth process, thereby achieving precise management of water and fertilizer supply during the cultivation of wine grapes.

[0043] The intelligent management method of the present invention not only improves the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization and reduces resource waste, but also helps to improve the quality and yield of grapes by optimizing the growth environment of grapes, promotes the sustainable development of agriculture, reduces the impact on the environment, and also brings improved economic benefits to wine grape growers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0045] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the system structure of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, a wine grape water and fertilizer control system based on the Internet of Things includes: a data collection module, an image acquisition module, a data analysis module and an execution module.

[0050] The data collection module is used to collect environmental data during the grape growth process.

[0051] The data collection module includes: humidity detection unit, pH detection unit, nutrient detection unit and stem flow sensing unit. The humidity detection unit is used to detect the moisture content of the soil and obtain moisture content data; the pH detection unit is used to detect the pH value of the soil and obtain soil pH value data; the nutrient detection unit is used to detect the content of elements required for plant growth in the soil and obtain nutrient content data. The elements required for growth include: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; the stem flow sensing unit is used to collect stem flow simulation signals during the growth of grapes.

[0052] In this embodiment, the humidity detection unit can use several humidity sensors of model HM1500LF, evenly set the humidity sensors in the soil of the vineyard, use the humidity sensors to detect the moisture content of the soil, and obtain moisture content data. The pH value detection unit can use several pH value sensors of model pH-2000, evenly set the pH value sensors in the soil of the vineyard, use the pH value sensors to detect the pH value of the soil, and obtain soil pH value data. The nutrient detection unit can use several soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensors of model FDS-150, evenly set the soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensors in the soil of the vineyard, use the soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensors to detect the content of elements required for plant growth in the soil, and obtain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content, that is, nutrient content data. The stem flow sensing unit can use the SGDC skin-wrapped stem flow sensor, randomly select several grape plants, set the stem flow sensor at the stem base of the grape plant, and use the stem flow sensor to collect the stem flow simulation signal during the growth of the grape.

[0053] The image acquisition module is used to collect image data during the growth process of grapes.

[0054] The image acquisition module includes a plurality of high-definition cameras. The plurality of high-definition cameras are evenly arranged in the vineyard to collect images of grapes at different growth stages and obtain a plurality of image data. In this embodiment, the collected images are enhanced using image enhancement technology to obtain a plurality of enhanced images.

[0055] The data analysis module analyzes the growth of grapes based on environmental data and image data, and formulates water and fertilizer supply strategies based on the growth conditions.

[0056] The data analysis module includes: a data analysis unit, an image analysis unit and a strategy formulation unit. The data analysis module analyzes soil conditions and transpiration conditions based on environmental data; the image analysis unit analyzes grape growth stages and grape growth states based on image data; the strategy formulation unit formulates water and fertilizer supply strategies based on soil conditions, transpiration conditions, grape growth stages and grape growth states.

[0057] In this embodiment, the workflow of the data analysis unit includes: firstly, analyzing the soil conditions during grape growth based on the water content data, pH value data and nutrient content data to obtain the soil condition analysis results, and then analyzing the transpiration rate of the plant based on the water content data and the stem flow simulation signal to obtain the transpiration analysis results. The workflow of the image analysis unit includes: collecting historical data of grape growth, including berry images and leaf images, annotating the historical data with bounding boxes and categories, including growth stages and disease conditions; constructing a YOLOv5 recognition model and initializing the model, the model includes a backbone network, a neck network, a detection head, an anchor frame and a loss function; training the recognition model using the annotated historical data to obtain a trained grape recognition model; using the grape recognition model to recognize a number of enhanced images, and analyzing to obtain the grape growth stage and grape growth status of the planted grapes. The workflow of the strategy formulation unit includes: first, based on the grape growth stage and grape growth status, determine the environmental information required for grape growth at this stage; then compare the required environmental information with the obtained soil condition analysis results and transpiration analysis results, obtain the required irrigation amount and fertilizer type at this stage, and obtain the ratio of water and fertilizer to complete the formulation of the water and fertilizer supply strategy.

[0058] The execution module controls the supply of water and fertilizer based on the water and fertilizer supply strategy and completes drip irrigation.

[0059] The execution module includes: a nutrient solution configuration unit and a drip irrigation belt unit. The nutrient solution configuration unit configures the nutrient solution according to the ratio of water and fertilizer in the water and fertilizer supply strategy; the drip irrigation belt unit is used to infiltrate the nutrient solution into the soil in a drip irrigation manner.

[0060] In this embodiment, the nutrient solution configuration unit includes a nutrient solution configuration tank, and water and soluble fertilizer are added to the nutrient solution configuration tank according to the ratio of water and fertilizer and stirred to obtain nutrient solution that can be used for irrigation. The drip irrigation belt unit includes a main pipe, a branch pipe and a capillary pipe, all of which are laid on the ground of the planting area, and complete the drip irrigation of the nutrient solution according to the water and fertilizer supply strategy.

[0061] Embodiment 2

[0062] In this embodiment, a wine grape water and fertilizer control method based on the Internet of Things includes the following steps:

[0063] S1. Collect environmental data during grape growth.

[0064] The method for collecting environmental data during the growth of grapes includes: setting a number of humidity sensors in the soil, using the humidity sensors to detect the moisture content of the soil, and obtaining moisture content data; setting a number of pH sensors in the soil, using the pH sensors to detect the pH value of the soil, and obtaining soil pH value data; setting a number of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensors in the soil, using the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensors to detect the content of elements required for plant growth in soil samples, and obtaining nutrient content data, wherein the elements required for growth include: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; randomly selecting a number of grape plants, setting plant stem flow sensors at the stem bases of the grape plants, and using the plant stem flow sensors to collect stem flow simulation signals during the growth of the grapes.

[0065] S2. Collect image data during the growth process of grapes.

[0066] The method for collecting image data during the growth of grapes includes: arranging a plurality of high-definition cameras in the vineyard, using the high-definition cameras to collect images of grapes at different growth stages, and obtaining a plurality of image data.

[0067] S3. Analyze the growth of grapes based on environmental data and image data, and formulate water and fertilizer supply strategies based on the growth conditions.

[0068] The method for formulating a water and fertilizer supply strategy includes: analyzing soil conditions and transpiration conditions based on environmental data; analyzing grape growth stages and grape growth states based on image data; and formulating a water and fertilizer supply strategy based on soil conditions, transpiration conditions, grape growth stages and grape growth states.

[0069] S4. Control the supply of water and fertilizer based on the water and fertilizer supply strategy and complete drip irrigation.

[0070] The drip irrigation method includes: preparing nutrient solution according to the ratio of water and fertilizer in the water and fertilizer supply strategy; and infiltrating the nutrient solution into the soil by drip irrigation.

[0071] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wine grape water and fertilizer control system based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: include: Data collection module, image acquisition module, data analysis module and execution module; The data collection module is used to collect environmental data during the growth of grapes; The image acquisition module is used to collect image data during the growth of grapes; The data analysis module analyzes the growth of the grapes based on the environmental data and the image data, and formulates a water and fertilizer supply strategy based on the growth; The execution module controls the supply of water and fertilizer based on the water and fertilizer supply strategy and completes drip irrigation.

2. According to the Internet of Things-based wine grape water and fertilizer control system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The data collection module includes: a humidity detection unit, a pH value detection unit, a nutrient detection unit and a stem flow sensing unit; The humidity detection unit is used to detect the moisture content of the soil and obtain moisture content data; The pH value detection unit is used to detect the pH value of the soil and obtain soil pH value data; The nutrient detection unit is used to detect the content of elements required for plant growth in the soil to obtain nutrient content data, wherein the elements required for plant growth include nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; The stem flow sensing unit is used to collect stem flow simulation signals during the growth of grapes.

3. According to the Internet of Things-based wine grape water and fertilizer control system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The image acquisition module includes several high-definition cameras; A plurality of the high-definition cameras are evenly arranged in the vineyard to collect images of grapes at different growth stages and obtain a plurality of the image data.

4. According to the Internet of Things-based wine grape water and fertilizer control system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The data analysis module includes: a data analysis unit, an image analysis unit and a strategy formulation unit; The data analysis unit analyzes soil conditions and transpiration conditions based on the environmental data; The image analysis unit analyzes the growth stage and the growth status of the grapes based on the image data; The strategy formulation unit formulates the water and fertilizer supply strategy based on the soil condition, the transpiration condition, the grape growth stage and the grape growth state.

5. According to the Internet of Things-based wine grape water and fertilizer control system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The execution module includes: a nutrient solution configuration unit and a drip irrigation belt unit; The nutrient solution configuration unit configures the nutrient solution according to the ratio of water and fertilizer in the water-fertilizer supply strategy; The drip irrigation belt unit is used to infiltrate the nutrient solution into the soil in a drip irrigation manner.

6. A wine grape water and fertilizer control method based on the Internet of Things, the control method is applied to the control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Collect environmental data during grape growing; Collect image data of grapes during their growth process; Analyzing the growth of grapes based on the environmental data and the image data, and formulating a water and fertilizer supply strategy based on the growth; The supply of water and fertilizer is controlled based on the water and fertilizer supply strategy, and drip irrigation is completed.

7. According to claim 6, a wine grape water and fertilizer control method based on the Internet of Things is characterized in that: The method for collecting the environmental data during grape growth includes: A plurality of humidity sensors are arranged in the soil, and the moisture content of the soil is detected by using the humidity sensors to obtain moisture content data; A plurality of pH sensors are arranged in the soil, and the pH value of the soil is detected by using the pH sensors to obtain soil pH value data; A plurality of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensors are arranged in the soil, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensors are used to detect the content of elements required for plant growth in the soil sample to obtain nutrient content data, wherein the elements required for plant growth include nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; A number of grape plants are randomly selected, and plant stem flow sensors are set at the stem bases of the grape plants. The plant stem flow sensors are used to collect stem flow simulation signals during the growth of the grapes.

8. According to claim 6, a wine grape water and fertilizer control method based on the Internet of Things is characterized in that: The method for collecting the image data during the growth of grapes includes: arranging a plurality of high-definition cameras in the vineyard, and using the high-definition cameras to collect images of grapes at different growth stages to obtain a plurality of the image data.

9. The method for controlling water and fertilizer of wine grapes based on the Internet of Things according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for formulating the water and fertilizer supply strategy includes: Analyzing soil conditions and transpiration conditions based on the environmental data; Analyzing the growth stage and the growth status of the grapes based on the image data; The water and fertilizer supply strategy is formulated based on the soil conditions, the transpiration conditions, the grape growth stage and the grape growth status.

10. The method for controlling water and fertilizer of wine grapes based on the Internet of Things according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drip irrigation method comprises: Prepare nutrient solution according to the ratio of water and fertilizer in the water and fertilizer supply strategy; The nutrient solution is infiltrated into the soil by drip irrigation.

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