Phased-array antenna transmitting power weighting method and phased-array antenna
By obtaining the array weighted power distribution table in the phased array antenna and selecting the same batch of GaN chips for weighting, the beam direction error problem caused by ambient temperature changes is solved, and an efficient phased array antenna design is achieved, reducing the secondary lobe Level and improve the efficiency of the whole machine.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311340759.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-16
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-06
AI Technical Summary
When the ambient temperature of the existing phased array antenna changes, the impact of beam direction error is difficult to offset, resulting in an increase in the transmission side lobe and loss of the overall machine efficiency.
By obtaining the array weighted power distribution table of phased array antennas, determine the P-1 power value of each transmitter final amplifier chip, select the corresponding GaN chip for efficiency weighting, and ensure the production process, layout architecture and The wiring method is consistent, realizing hardware construction and Taylor weighting of phased array antennas.
Under the extreme efficiency of each device, the technical indicators of phased array ultra-low secondary lobes are realized. The transmitting and receiving secondary lobe level is reduced to 27dBc, while the transmitting power remains low, and the overall machine efficiency is increased to 23.4%.
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Figure CN119087362A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of phased array antennas, and in particular relates to a phased array antenna transmission power weighting method and a phased array antenna. Background Art
[0002] Currently in the radar field, all companies on the market usually use the same type of TR to offset the influence of beam pointing errors caused by changes in ambient temperature in the phased array. All TR components are products of the same batch and model, and the chips used inside are all of the same model and batch, and the internal wiring layout of the TR is all the same. The advantage of this is that the phase change trend of all TR components is the same as the ambient temperature changes. When the phase change of each TR is the same, the direction of the beam remains unchanged after beam synthesis, but the relative phase of the beam changes. On the contrary, using different types of TR components will produce different phase change trends as the ambient temperature changes, and the phase change of each TR is different. After beam synthesis, the beam pointing will change dramatically with temperature.
[0003] In order to obtain low transmission side effects in a two-dimensional phased array, each TR transmission channel must be properly attenuated, which will come at the expense of overall system efficiency. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a phased array antenna transmission power weighting method and a phased array antenna.
[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a phased array antenna transmit power weighting method, comprising:
[0007] Obtaining a weighted power distribution table of a phased array antenna;
[0008] Determine the P-1 power value of each transmitting final stage power amplifier chip based on the array weighted power distribution table;
[0009] According to the determined P-1 power value, the corresponding transmitting final stage power amplifier chip is selected to complete the efficiency weighting of the phased array antenna.
[0010] Furthermore, the transmitting final stage power amplifier chip is a GaN chip.
[0011] Furthermore, all GaN chips have the same manufacturing process, the same layout architecture, and the same routing method. All GaN chips are processed and taped out from the same batch. The relative change value of P-1 power of all GaN chips with frequency and temperature is less than or equal to 1dBc, and the relative change value of output phase of all GaN chips with frequency is less than or equal to 5°.
[0012] Furthermore, the antenna array surface of the phased array antenna includes 2304 horizontally polarized microstrip antenna units, and the 2304 horizontally polarized microstrip antenna units form 144 4×4 phased array antenna sub-arrays, and the unit spacing between adjacent horizontally polarized microstrip antenna units is 10mm×10mm.
[0013] Furthermore, the weighted power corresponding to the horizontally polarized microstrip antenna unit is:
[0014] In the first to sixth rows: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 0 watt, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 10 dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 10 dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 13 dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 17 dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 13 dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 10 dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 10 dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 0 watt;
[0015] In the seventh to tenth columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 10dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 10dBm;
[0016] In the eleventh to fourteenth columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 13dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 10dBm;
[0017] In the fifteenth to twentieth columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 27dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 17dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 13dBm;
[0018] In the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 27dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 20dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 17dBm;
[0019] In the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 27dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 17dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 13dBm;
[0020] In the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 13dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 10dBm;
[0021] In the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 10dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 10dBm;
[0022] In the 43rd to 48th columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 0 watt, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 10dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 0 watt.
[0023] A second aspect of the present invention provides a phased array antenna, which is manufactured according to a phased array antenna transmission power weighting method as described in the first aspect of the present invention.
[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0025] (1) The present invention selects the transmitting final stage power amplifier chips with different P-1 power values according to the array face weighted power distribution table, and uses hardware to construct Taylor weighting of the phased array array face amplitude. All power amplifiers work in a saturated state, and their efficiency is the highest working state. Under the condition of the limit efficiency of each device, the technical index of ultra-low side lobe of the phased array is achieved;
[0026] (2) The present invention does not use the digitally controlled attenuator in the TR component for attenuation weighting. After weighting, only the receiving and transmitting side power levels of the phased array are reduced to 27 dBc, and the transmission power will not be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for weighting the transmission power of a phased array antenna in the present invention;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a principle block diagram of the phased array antenna in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0030] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 The present invention provides a phased array antenna transmission power weighting method and a phased array antenna:
[0031] A first aspect of this embodiment provides a method for weighting the transmission power of a phased array antenna, such as Figure 1 As shown, a method for weighting the transmission power of a phased array antenna includes S100 to S300.
[0032] S100. Obtaining a weighted power distribution table of the phased array antenna.
[0033] S200. Determine the P-1 power value of each transmitting final-stage power amplifier chip based on the array weighted power distribution table.
[0034] S300. Select the corresponding transmitting final stage power amplifier chip according to the determined P-1 power value to complete the efficiency weighting of the phased array antenna.
[0035] This embodiment uses the amplifier corresponding to P-1 as the final amplifier to perform hardware weighting, so that the weighting will not lose the active antenna gain.
[0036] In some embodiments, the transmitting final stage power amplifier chip is a GaN chip. All GaN chips used as transmitting final stage power amplifier chips need to meet the following conditions:
[0037] (1) All GaN chips have the same manufacturing process, same board layout architecture, and same routing method;
[0038] (2) All GaN chips are processed and taped out from the same batch;
[0039] (3) Regardless of high or low temperature, shock, vibration, etc., the relative amplitude-frequency variation characteristics (P-1 power relative variation with frequency and temperature) of all GaN chips are less than or equal to 1dBc;
[0040] (4) Regardless of high or low temperature (small changes, temperature is a slowly changing physical quantity), shock, vibration, etc., the relative phase-frequency change characteristics (the relative change value of the output phase with frequency) of all GaN chips are less than or equal to 5°.
[0041] Since the power amplifier chip is mainly composed of a feed network, a power amplifier PN node, and a power synthesis network, the feed network and the passive power synthesis network are not sensitive to temperature changes. The power amplifier PN node is prone to parasitic parameter changes with temperature changes, which leads to changes in the output phase of the power amplifier. Therefore, as long as the power amplifier chip uses the same manufacturing process and the parasitic parameters of the power amplifiers in the array are consistent with the temperature, it can be ensured that the output phase changes of all power amplifiers after the array are consistent, and the entire array beam basically does not change with temperature after the array is formed.
[0042] In some embodiments, the antenna array surface of the phased array antenna includes 2304 horizontally polarized microstrip antenna units, and the 2304 horizontally polarized microstrip antenna units form 144 4×4 phased array antenna sub-arrays, and the unit spacing between adjacent horizontally polarized microstrip antenna units is 10 mm×10 mm.
[0043] To achieve a two-way sidelobe of 54 dBc, both the transmitting and receiving sidelobes must be below 27 dBc. This embodiment uses a 30 dBc Taylor weighting method to achieve this. The array weighted power distribution diagram (unit: watt) is shown in Table 1, and the array weighted power distribution diagram (unit: dBm) is shown in Table 2.
[0044] Table 1 Array weighted power distribution diagram (unit: watt)
[0045]
[0046]
[0047] Table 2 Array weighted power distribution diagram (unit: dBm)
[0048]
[0049] For example, the chip with a P-1 of 10 dBm is recorded as B011; the chip with a P-1 of 13 dBm is recorded as B022; the chip with a P-1 of 17 dBm is recorded as B030; the chip with a P-1 of 20 dBm is recorded as B080; the chip with a P-1 of 23 dBm is recorded as B081; and the chip with a P-1 of 27 dBm is recorded as B139. The weighted power distribution of the phased array antenna (unit: dBm) is shown in Table 3.
[0050] Table 3 Array weighted power distribution (unit: dBm)
[0051]
[0052]
[0053] In the weighted scheme of this embodiment, all power amplifiers work in a saturated state, and their efficiency is the highest working state. Since the final power amplifier P-1 of each channel is different, Taylor weighting of the phased array array amplitude is constructed by hardware, thereby achieving the technical indicator of ultra-low sidelobe of the phased array under the condition of the maximum efficiency of each device.
[0054] The solution of this embodiment does not use the attenuation weighting of the digitally controlled attenuator in the TR component. After weighting, only the receiving and transmitting side power levels of the phased array are reduced to 27dBc, and its transmission power will not be reduced.
[0055] Single-channel transmission power = 0.45 watts, single-channel power consumption is 1.91 watts; full array transmission power = single-channel transmission power × 2304 = 1036.8 watts. Full array system power consumption = 1.91 × 2304 + wave control power consumption + frequency conversion power consumption = 4400.64 + 20 + 5 = 4425.64 watts. Therefore, the efficiency of the two-dimensional phased array heterogeneous TR phased array is = 1036.8 / 4425.64 = 23.4%. The weighted efficiency of the method in this embodiment is 23.4%, and the transmission side-effect level is 27dBc. At the extreme working distance (ERIP maximum and G / T maximum), the two-way side-effect level of this type of phased array is 54dBc, which is far better than the conventional phased array indicators on the market.
[0056] A second aspect of the present embodiment provides a phased array antenna, which is manufactured according to a phased array antenna transmission power weighting method as described in the first aspect of the present embodiment.
[0057] In some embodiments, the antenna array of the phased array antenna is composed of 144 4×4 phased array antenna subarrays, a total of 2304 horizontally polarized microstrip antenna units, the unit spacing is 10 mm (azimuth) × 10 mm (elevation), and the calibration is performed using external calibration. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the array antenna, TR chip, coaxial interconnect feeder, antenna reflection ground, control routing, and 1-to-4 power divider of the 4×4 phased antenna subarray are integrated on a PCB board, which is a highly integrated board-level subsystem. The wave control power board integrates the wave control and power distribution routing network, as well as the subarray power division synthesis network and calibration coupling network. The wave control power board and the antenna array subsystem are connected using standard cable assemblies, and the interface uses a high-speed serial port protocol. The power supply converts the external input +24V DC power supply for a second time, and outputs voltages such as +2.5V, +3.3V, and +5V to supply the TR chip and the wave control board. The sum and difference network uses an LTCC power divider + bridge to output the sum channel, the pitch difference channel, and the horizontal difference channel respectively. The uniform temperature heat sink guides the temperature of each component to both sides of the chassis for heat dissipation through forced air cooling. The frequency converter component converts the intermediate frequency signal up to the RF excitation signal and sends it to the antenna, and converts the received sum, level difference, and elevation difference signals down to the intermediate frequency signal and sends them to the digital subsystem.
[0058] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art shall not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and shall be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for weighting the transmission power of a phased array antenna, characterized in that: Obtaining a weighted power distribution table of a phased array antenna; Determine the P-1 power value of each transmitting final stage power amplifier chip based on the array weighted power distribution table; According to the determined P-1 power value, the corresponding transmitting final stage power amplifier chip is selected to complete the efficiency weighting of the phased array antenna.
2. A phased array antenna transmission power weighting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitting final stage power amplifier chip is a GaN chip.
3. A phased array antenna transmission power weighting method according to claim 2, characterized in that: All GaN chips have the same manufacturing process, the same layout architecture, and the same routing method. All GaN chips are processed and taped out from the same batch. The relative change value of the P-1 power of all GaN chips with frequency and temperature is less than or equal to 1dBc, and the relative change value of the output phase of all GaN chips with frequency is less than or equal to 5°.
4. The method for weighting the transmission power of a phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna array surface of the phased array antenna includes 2304 horizontally polarized microstrip antenna units, and the 2304 horizontally polarized microstrip antenna units form 144 4×4 phased array antenna sub-arrays. The unit spacing between adjacent horizontally polarized microstrip antenna units is 10mm×10mm.
5. A phased array antenna transmission power weighting method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The weighted power corresponding to the horizontally polarized microstrip antenna unit is: In the first to sixth rows: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 0 watt, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 10 dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 10 dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 13 dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 17 dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 13 dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 10 dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 10 dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 0 watt; In the seventh to tenth columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 10dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 10dBm; In the eleventh to fourteenth columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 13dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 10dBm; In the fifteenth to twentieth columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 27dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 17dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 13dBm; In the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 27dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 20dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 17dBm; In the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 27dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 17dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 13dBm; In the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 23dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 13dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 10dBm; In the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 20dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 10dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 10dBm; In the 43rd to 48th columns: the weighted power of the first to sixth columns is 0 watt, the weighted power of the seventh to tenth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the eleventh to fourteenth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the fifteenth to twentieth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth columns is 17dBm, the weighted power of the twenty-ninth to thirty-fourth columns is 13dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-fifth to thirty-eighth columns is 10dBm, the weighted power of the thirty-ninth to forty-second columns is 10dBm, and the weighted power of the forty-third to forty-eighth columns is 0 watt.
6. A phased array antenna, characterized in that: The method is manufactured according to a phased array antenna transmission power weighting method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.
Citation Information
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