Preparation process and method of calf pellet feed for stimulating rumen development of calves

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation process and method of a calf pellet feed for stimulating rumen development of calves, and relates to the technical field of livestock breeding. The raw materials of the pellet feed comprise a protein source, an energy source and a fiber source, and the pellet feed has the advantages that more than 90% of particles can pass through a 0.5 mm screen after the raw materials of the newborn calf feed are crushed, 70%-80% of particles can pass through a 1.5 mm screen after the raw materials of the 1-2-month-old calf feed are crushed, and the fiber source is treated, so that the particle size is reduced, and the particle size is reduced. Microbial fermentation is carried out, an ultrasonic-assisted technology is introduced, the fermentation temperature is strictly controlled to be 30-35 DEG C, the humidity is kept to be 60%-70%, and the fermentation time is 48-72 h, so that the fiber structure is optimized, the content of antinutritional factors is reduced, protein is moderately hydrolyzed, and the measures act together, so that the feed is easier to eat and digest by the calves, and the quality of the calves is improved. And the metabolism burden of the calves is relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of animal husbandry, and in particular to a preparation process and method of calf pellet feed for stimulating calf rumen development. Background Art

[0002] In modern animal husbandry, the healthy growth of calves is crucial to the sustainable development of the dairy farming industry. The normal development of the rumen, as an important organ for calves to digest and absorb nutrients, directly affects the growth performance, immunity and milk production of calves in adulthood. In the past, traditional calf feeding methods often focused on providing adequate nutrition, but the targeted stimulation of rumen development was insufficient. With the in-depth study of the growth and development of calves, people gradually realized that simply meeting nutritional needs is not enough to ensure the optimal development of the calf's rumen. In the early stage after the calf is born, the function of the rumen is not fully mature. At this time, if the nutritional composition ratio of the feed is unreasonable and the processing technology is unscientific, it may lead to poor digestion and absorption of the feed by the calf, affecting the establishment and balance of the rumen microbial community, and thus hindering the normal development of the rumen.

[0003] The existing process and method for preparing calf pellet feed for stimulating calf rumen development have certain defects. First, the nutrition is not balanced enough. The existing feed fails to accurately balance the proportions of important nutrients such as protein, energy, and fiber, resulting in insufficient or excessive supply of key nutrients required for calf rumen development. Secondly, the digestibility is low. The processing method of the existing feed is not scientific enough, which may lead to unreasonable texture and structure of pellet feed, affecting the calf's feeding and digestion. For example, the crushing particle size is not appropriate. If it is too coarse, it will be difficult to chew and digest, and if it is too fine, it may reduce the rumination function of the rumen. Finally, it cannot adapt to different growth stages. The existing pellet feed may not be optimized for the characteristics of rumen development of calves at different growth stages, and cannot accurately meet the calf's stage-by-stage nutritional needs. For this reason, we propose a process and method for preparing calf pellet feed for stimulating calf rumen development. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a process and method for preparing calf pellet feed for stimulating calf rumen development.

[0005] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a process and method for preparing calf pellet feed for stimulating calf rumen development, comprising: the process and method for preparing calf pellet feed for stimulating calf rumen development comprises the following specific steps:

[0006] Step 1: Raw material selection: The raw materials of pellet feed include protein source, energy source, fiber source, probiotics, prebiotics and functional additives. The protein source is soybean meal rich in protein content, the energy source is corn rich in starch content, and the fiber source is alfalfa hay with low lignin content. The proportions are accurately adjusted according to the nutritional requirements of calves at different growth stages to ensure the balance of protein, energy and fiber nutrients.

[0007] Step 2: Special treatment: Microbial fermentation of the fiber source, using a specific mixed bacterial agent of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria, and introducing ultrasound-assisted technology during the fermentation process to accelerate the fermentation process and improve the fermentation effect. The fermentation temperature is 30℃-35℃ to optimize the fiber structure, reduce the content of anti-nutritional factors, and moderately hydrolyze the protein to reduce the metabolic burden of the calf;

[0008] Step 3: Scientific processing: Use crushing equipment to crush the raw materials to a specific particle size. For newborn calf feed raw materials, the particle size is less than 1mm, and for 1-2 month old calf feed raw materials, the particle size is 1mm-2mm. Then use vacuum mixing technology to ensure that the ingredients are evenly distributed and reduce the oxidation loss of nutrients.

[0009] Step 4, stage optimization: adjust the formula and processing parameters according to the growth stage of the calf. For calves from birth to 1 month old, the protein content accounts for 20%-22%, of which the whey protein ratio is 30%-37%, and lactoferrin is added. The fiber content is 8%-10%. Short fiber raw materials are used, the particle hardness is moderate, and the surface is specially roughened to increase the calf's chewing interest. For calves aged 1-2 months, the protein content is adjusted to 18%-20%, the proportion of vegetable protein is increased, the fiber content is increased to 10%-12%, the particle hardness is increased accordingly, and the shape is designed to be more elliptical for calves to eat;

[0010] Step 5: Addition of additives: Add specific probiotics, which are genetically modified bifidobacteria and lactobacillus acidophilus to enhance colonization ability, and the content of probiotics is not less than 1×10 9 CFU / g, prebiotics selected oligofructose, added at 0.5%-1%, functional additives including bioactive peptides that promote rumen development, and active ingredients extracted from natural plants with antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, added at 0.1%-0.2%;

[0011] Step 6. Quality monitoring: During the production process, high performance liquid chromatography and near-infrared spectroscopy detection technologies are used in combination with an artificial intelligence image recognition system to detect the nutritional components and microbial indicators of proteins, amino acids and vitamins in real time to ensure that the quality and safety of feed meet national standards.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step 1, during the raw material selection stage, soybean meal is strictly screened to ensure that it comes from non-genetically modified soybeans and has a stable protein content of 43%-55%. The energy source is fresh, mold-free, and high-quality corn with full grains, and the starch content of the corn is higher than 65%. For the fiber source, only alfalfa hay with a bright green color, no pests and diseases, and a length of 3 cm-5 cm is selected to ensure the high quality and high nutritional value of the raw materials.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step 2, in the special treatment stage, the mixed bacterial agent of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria used for fermentation, wherein the ratio of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria is 1:2, during the fermentation process, the temperature is strictly controlled between 30°C and 35°C, the humidity is maintained at 60%-70%, and the fermentation time is accurately controlled at 48h-72h to ensure that the fiber source is fully fermented and its structure and nutritional value are optimized.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step three, in the scientific processing stage, the crushing equipment adopts an advanced hammer mill equipped with an adjustable screen to accurately control the particle size of the raw material crushing according to the needs of calves at different growth stages. After the newborn calf feed raw materials are crushed, more than 90% of the particles can pass through the 0.5mm screen. After the 1-2 month old calf feed raw materials are crushed, 70%-80% of the particles can pass through the 1.5mm screen. The mixing process adopts a double-shaft paddle mixer, and the mixing time is not less than 15 minutes to ensure that the various components are evenly distributed.

[0015] As a further scheme of the present invention: in the step 4, in the stage optimization stage, for calves from birth to 1 month old, the protein content in the feed formula is precisely controlled at 20%-22%, of which the whey protein ratio is 30%-37%, and the fiber content is 8%-10%, mainly high-quality alfalfa meal and oat fiber, and the particle hardness is controlled by adjusting the granulation temperature and pressure. The granulation temperature is 70°C-80°C, and the pressure is 15MPa-20MPa. For calves aged 1-2 months, the protein content is precisely adjusted to 18%-20%, the proportion of plant protein is increased, the fiber content is increased to 10%-12%, and the particle hardness is correspondingly improved. The granulation temperature is 80°C-90°C, and the pressure is 20MPa-25MPa.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: In the step 5, during the additive introduction stage, the added bifidobacteria and lactobacillus acidophilus are strictly screened and cultured to ensure their activity and stability, and the bifidobacterium content is 5×10 8 CFU / g-6×10 8 CFU / g, Lactobacillus acidophilus content is 8×10 8 CFU / g-9×10 8CFU / g, prebiotics select oligofructose with a purity of 90%-99%, and the bioactive peptides in the functional additives are small molecular weight casein peptides with a molecular weight of 8000Da-1000Da to improve their absorption and utilization efficiency in the rumen.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: in step six, during the quality monitoring stage, high performance liquid chromatography technology is used to accurately measure the amino acid composition and content in the feed, including the essential amino acids lysine and methionine. At the same time, near-infrared spectroscopy technology is used to quickly detect conventional indicators of moisture, crude protein and crude fat in the feed. In addition, the microbial indicators in the feed are regularly tested to ensure that their content meets national standards.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step 1, the entire production process strictly complies with national health standards and environmental protection requirements, the processing equipment is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected after the production is completed every day, food-grade disinfectants are used, and ultraviolet and ozone combined disinfection technology is adopted. The storage environment of raw materials and finished products is kept dry and ventilated, the temperature is controlled at 15°C-25°C, and the relative humidity is lower than 60%. An intelligent temperature and humidity adjustment system and insect and rodent prevention facilities are set up in the storage area, and the stored raw materials and finished products are regularly inspected, and non-destructive testing technology, including near-infrared spectroscopy and terahertz spectroscopy technology, is used to prevent feed from being contaminated and deteriorating.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The present invention improves the digestibility of feed by adopting advanced crushing equipment and scientific processing technology. Specifically, a hammer mill equipped with an adjustable screen is used to accurately control the particle size of raw material crushing, so that more than 90% of the particles of the raw material for newborn calf feed can pass through a 0.5mm screen after crushing, and 70%-80% of the particles of the raw material for 1-2 month old calf feed can pass through a 1.5mm screen after crushing. At the same time, a double-shaft paddle mixer is used for vacuum mixing to ensure uniform distribution of various components and reduce oxidation loss of nutrients. In the treatment of fiber sources, microbial fermentation is carried out and ultrasonic-assisted technology is introduced. The fermentation temperature is strictly controlled to be 30°C-35°C, the humidity is maintained at 60%-70%, and the fermentation time is 48h-72h, thereby optimizing the fiber structure, reducing the content of anti-nutritional factors, and moderately hydrolyzing the protein. These measures work together to make the feed easier for calves to eat and digest, thereby reducing the metabolic burden of calves.

[0021] 2. The present invention carefully selects protein sources and uses non-genetically modified soybean meal with a stable protein content of 43%-55% to ensure a balanced amino acid composition, thereby providing high-quality protein for calves. At the same time, fresh corn with a high starch content is selected as an energy source to provide sufficient energy for the growth of calves. The fiber source is high-quality alfalfa hay, which has a low lignin content and is conducive to calf digestion. In addition, according to the needs of calves at different growth stages, the proportions of nutrients such as protein, energy and fiber are accurately adjusted. Such a balanced nutritional design can effectively meet the needs of calf rumen development and promote its healthy growth;

[0022] 3. The present invention controls the protein content in the feed to 20%-22%, the whey protein ratio to 30%-37%, and the fiber content to 8%-10% during the period from birth to 1 month of age, selects high-quality alfalfa meal and oat fiber as the main fiber sources, and controls the hardness of the particles to be moderate by adjusting the granulation temperature and pressure. At the same time, the surface of the particles is specially roughened to increase the chewing interest of the calves. For calves aged 1-2 months, the protein content is precisely adjusted to 18%-20%, the proportion of plant protein is further increased, the fiber content is increased to 10%-12%, the hardness of the particles is correspondingly improved, and the shape is designed to be an elliptical shape that is more convenient for calves to eat. In addition, the introduction of additives is also adjusted according to the stage requirements, including the addition of bifidobacteria and lactobacillus acidophilus that have been genetically modified to enhance colonization ability, as well as specific prebiotics and functional additives, all of which can better meet the special nutritional needs of rumen development in different growth stages of calves and promote the healthy development of the rumen of calves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the method steps in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0025] In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0026] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 The present invention provides a process and method for preparing a pelleted feed for stimulating calf rumen development, comprising the following specific steps:

[0027] Step 1: Raw material selection: The raw materials of pellet feed include protein source, energy source, fiber source, probiotics, prebiotics and functional additives. The protein source is soybean meal rich in protein content, the energy source is corn rich in starch content, and the fiber source is alfalfa hay with low lignin content. The proportions are accurately adjusted according to the nutritional requirements of calves at different growth stages to ensure the balance of protein, energy and fiber nutrients.

[0028] Step 2: Special treatment: Microbial fermentation of the fiber source, using a specific mixed bacterial agent of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria, and introducing ultrasound-assisted technology during the fermentation process to accelerate the fermentation process and improve the fermentation effect. The fermentation temperature is 30℃-35℃ to optimize the fiber structure, reduce the content of anti-nutritional factors, and moderately hydrolyze the protein to reduce the metabolic burden of the calf;

[0029] Step 3: Scientific processing: Use crushing equipment to crush the raw materials to a specific particle size. For newborn calf feed raw materials, the particle size is less than 1mm, and for 1-2 month old calf feed raw materials, the particle size is 1mm-2mm. Then use vacuum mixing technology to ensure that the ingredients are evenly distributed and reduce the oxidation loss of nutrients.

[0030] Step 4, stage optimization: adjust the formula and processing parameters according to the growth stage of the calf. For calves from birth to 1 month old, the protein content accounts for 20%-22%, of which the whey protein ratio is 30%-37%, and lactoferrin is added. The fiber content is 8%-10%. Short fiber raw materials are used, the particle hardness is moderate, and the surface is specially roughened to increase the calf's chewing interest. For calves aged 1-2 months, the protein content is adjusted to 18%-20%, the proportion of vegetable protein is increased, the fiber content is increased to 10%-12%, the particle hardness is increased accordingly, and the shape is designed to be more elliptical for calves to eat;

[0031] Step 5: Addition of additives: Add specific probiotics, which are genetically modified bifidobacteria and lactobacillus acidophilus to enhance colonization ability, and the content of probiotics is not less than 1×10 9 CFU / g, prebiotics selected oligofructose, added at 0.5%-1%, functional additives including bioactive peptides that promote rumen development, and active ingredients extracted from natural plants with antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, added at 0.1%-0.2%;

[0032] Step 6. Quality monitoring: During the production process, high performance liquid chromatography and near-infrared spectroscopy detection technologies are used in combination with an artificial intelligence image recognition system to detect the nutritional components and microbial indicators of proteins, amino acids and vitamins in real time to ensure that the quality and safety of feed meet national standards.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention: in step 1, during the raw material selection stage, soybean meal is strictly screened to ensure that it comes from non-genetically modified soybeans and has a stable protein content of 43%-55%. The energy source is fresh, mold-free, and high-quality corn with full grains, and the starch content of the corn is higher than 65%. For the fiber source, only alfalfa hay with a bright green color, no pests and diseases, and a length of 3cm-5cm is selected to ensure the high quality and high nutritional value of the raw materials.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention: in step 2, in the special treatment stage, the mixed bacterial agent of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria used for fermentation, wherein the ratio of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria is 1:2, during the fermentation process, the temperature is strictly controlled between 30°C-35°C, the humidity is maintained at 60%-70%, and the fermentation time is accurately controlled at 48h-72h to ensure that the fiber source is fully fermented and its structure and nutritional value are optimized.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention: In step three, in the scientific processing stage, the crushing equipment adopts an advanced hammer mill equipped with an adjustable screen to accurately control the particle size of the raw material crushing according to the needs of calves at different growth stages. After the newborn calf feed raw materials are crushed, more than 90% of the particles can pass through the 0.5mm screen. After the 1-2 month old calf feed raw materials are crushed, 70%-80% of the particles can pass through the 1.5mm screen. The mixing process adopts a double-shaft paddle mixer, and the mixing time is not less than 15 minutes to ensure that the ingredients are evenly distributed.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention: In step four, in the stage optimization stage, for calves from birth to 1 month old, the protein content in the feed formula is precisely controlled at 20%-22%, of which the whey protein ratio is 30%-37%, and the fiber content is 8%-10%, mainly high-quality alfalfa meal and oat fiber, and the particle hardness is controlled by adjusting the granulation temperature and pressure. The granulation temperature is 70℃-80℃, and the pressure is 15MPa-20MPa. For calves aged 1-2 months, the protein content is precisely adjusted to 18%-20%, the proportion of plant protein is increased, the fiber content is increased to 10%-12%, and the particle hardness is correspondingly improved. The granulation temperature is 80℃-90℃, and the pressure is 20MPa-25MPa.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention: In step 5, during the additive introduction stage, the added bifidobacteria and lactobacillus acidophilus are strictly screened and cultured to ensure their activity and stability, and the bifidobacteria content is 5×10 8 CFU / g-6×10 8 CFU / g, Lactobacillus acidophilus content is 8×10 8 CFU / g-9×10 8CFU / g, prebiotics select oligofructose with a purity of 90%-99%, and the bioactive peptides in the functional additives are small molecular weight casein peptides with a molecular weight of 8000Da-1000Da to improve their absorption and utilization efficiency in the rumen.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention: In step six, during the quality monitoring stage, high performance liquid chromatography technology is used to accurately measure the amino acid composition and content in the feed, including the essential amino acids lysine and methionine. At the same time, near-infrared spectroscopy technology is used to quickly detect conventional indicators of moisture, crude protein and crude fat in the feed. In addition, the microbial indicators in the feed are regularly tested to ensure that their content meets national standards.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention: In step one, the entire production process strictly complies with national health standards and environmental protection requirements, the processing equipment is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected after the production is completed every day, food-grade disinfectants are used, and ultraviolet and ozone combined disinfection technology is adopted. The storage environment of raw materials and finished products is kept dry and ventilated, the temperature is controlled at 15°C-25°C, and the relative humidity is lower than 60%. An intelligent temperature and humidity adjustment system and insect and rodent prevention facilities are set up in the storage area, and the stored raw materials and finished products are regularly inspected, and non-destructive testing technology, including near-infrared spectroscopy and terahertz spectroscopy technology, is used to prevent feed from being contaminated and deteriorating.

[0040] Example 1, please refer to the attached Figure 1 In the raw material selection stage, we are very strict in screening soybean meal. We not only require it to come from non-GMO soybeans, but also test the content of various amino acids in the soybean meal to ensure that its amino acid composition is balanced and can provide comprehensive nutrition for calves. For example, we will choose soybean meal with high content of essential amino acids such as lysine and methionine. For energy source corn, in addition to ensuring that it is fresh, free of mold and full of grains, we will also pay attention to the content of vitamins and minerals in corn. For example, corn varieties rich in vitamin E can provide additional nutritional support for calves. For fiber source alfalfa hay, we will further test its cellulose and hemicellulose content to ensure the quality and digestibility of the fiber.

[0041] Example 2, please refer to the attached Figure 1In the special processing stage, the mixed bacteria of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria we use are carefully screened and cultivated. Bacillus has strong enzyme production ability and can accelerate the decomposition and fermentation of fiber. Lactic acid bacteria have good acid resistance and colonization ability, and can survive stably and play a role in the calf rumen. During the fermentation process, we not only strictly control the temperature, humidity and time, but also monitor the changes in pH value during the fermentation process to ensure the smooth progress of fermentation. In addition, we will also try different ultrasonic-assisted technical parameters, such as the adjustment of ultrasonic frequency and power, to find the optimal fermentation conditions to further improve the fermentation effect and the nutritional value of the feed.

[0042] Example 3, please refer to the attached Figure 1 In the scientific processing stage, the advanced hammer mill used can not only accurately control the crushing particle size, but also adjust it according to the characteristics of the raw materials. For raw materials with higher hardness, we will appropriately increase the speed and impact force of the crusher to ensure the crushing effect. During the mixing process, the unique blade design of the double-shaft paddle mixer can make the raw materials fully contact and blend during the mixing process to ensure that the ingredients are evenly distributed. We will also regularly maintain and calibrate the mixer to ensure its stable performance. In addition, we will try different particle shapes and sizes according to the taste and digestion needs of calves to increase the calf's feeding interest and digestibility.

[0043] Example 4, please refer to the attached Figure 1 In the stage optimization stage, we will adjust the feed formula and processing parameters in time according to the growth rate and weight changes of the calves. For calves from birth to one month old, we will pay attention to the development of their immune system, so we add appropriate amounts of lactoferrin and immunoglobulin to the feed to enhance the calf's immunity. In the selection of fiber raw materials, we will try to use short fiber raw materials from different sources, such as oat fiber, barley fiber, etc., and adjust them according to the calf's digestion. For the control of particle hardness, we will consider the calf's chewing ability and oral development. By adjusting the granulation temperature and pressure and adding an appropriate amount of adhesive, the particle hardness is moderate, which is convenient for calves to chew and promotes the development of the rumen.

[0044] Example 5, please refer to the attached Figure 1During the additive introduction stage, the bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus acidophilus we selected have been genetically modified and have stronger colonization ability and prebiotic function. We will edit the genes of bifidobacteria to express specific adhesion proteins on their surface, which can better adhere to the rumen wall of calves and play a beneficial role. For prebiotic oligofructose, we will select products with different molecular weights and polymerization degrees for testing to find the most suitable type for calves. For bioactive peptides in functional additives, we will extract and separate them from a variety of natural proteins, such as whey protein, soy protein, etc., and through enzymatic hydrolysis and purification technology, we can obtain peptides with specific biological activities, such as peptides with antibacterial, antioxidant or immunomodulatory functions, so as to further improve the nutritional value and functionality of feed.

[0045] Example 6, please refer to the attached Figure 1 In the quality monitoring stage, we use high performance liquid chromatography technology to not only accurately determine the amino acid composition and content in the feed, but also detect the content of various vitamins, minerals and bioactive substances. It is necessary to detect the content of fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, E and water-soluble vitamins such as vitamin B group to ensure the nutritional balance of the feed. At the same time, near-infrared spectroscopy technology is combined with other rapid detection technologies, such as real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology, which can not only detect conventional indicators in feed, but also detect the gene expression level of microorganisms, so as to more comprehensively evaluate the quality and safety of feed.

[0046] Specifically, with the help of advanced crushing equipment and scientific processing technology, we are committed to improving the digestibility of feed. Specifically, the use of hammer mills equipped with adjustable screens can accurately control the particle size of raw materials. Among them, after the newborn calf feed raw materials are crushed, more than 90% of the particles can pass through the 0.5mm screen, and after the 1-2 month old calf feed raw materials are crushed, 70%-80% of the particles can pass through the 1.5mm screen. At the same time, a double-axis paddle mixer is used to implement vacuum mixing to ensure uniform distribution of various components and reduce oxidation losses of nutrients. In terms of fiber source processing, microbial fermentation is carried out and ultrasonic-assisted technology is introduced. The fermentation temperature is strictly controlled at 30℃-35℃, the humidity is maintained at 60%-70%, and the fermentation time is 48h-72h, so as to optimize the fiber structure and reduce the content of anti-nutritional factors. In addition, the protein is moderately hydrolyzed. The above series of measures work synergistically to make the feed easier for calves to eat and digest, reducing the metabolic pressure of calves.

[0047] Specifically, by carefully selecting protein sources, we choose non-GMO soybean meal with a stable protein content of 43%-55% to ensure its balanced amino acid composition and supply high-quality protein for calves. At the same time, we select fresh corn with high starch content as an energy source to provide sufficient energy for the calf's growth. As a fiber source, we choose high-quality alfalfa hay with low lignin content and easy digestion for calves. In addition, according to the needs of calves at different growth stages, we accurately adjust the proportions of nutrients such as protein, energy and fiber. This nutritionally balanced design can effectively meet the needs of calf rumen development and promote their healthy growth.

[0048] Specifically, from birth to one month of age, the protein content in the feed is precisely set at 20%-22%, the whey protein ratio is maintained at 30%-37%, the fiber content is controlled at 8%-10%, high-quality alfalfa meal and oat fiber are selected as the main fiber sources, and the pelleting temperature and pressure are adjusted to make the pellet hardness moderate. At the same time, the pellet surface is specially roughened to enhance the calf's chewing interest. For calves aged 1-2 months, the protein content is precisely adjusted to 18%-20%, the proportion of plant protein is further increased, the fiber content is increased to 10%-12%, the pellet hardness is increased accordingly, and the shape is designed to be an elliptical shape that is easier for calves to eat. In addition, the introduction of additives also changes according to stage needs, including the addition of bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus acidophilus that have been genetically modified to enhance colonization ability, as well as specific prebiotics and functional additives, all of which can better meet the special nutritional needs of rumen development in different growth stages of calves and promote the healthy development of the rumen of calves.

[0049] Working principle:

[0050] Firstly, the raw materials for the prepared pellet feed include protein source, energy source, fiber source, probiotics, prebiotics and functional additives. The protein source is soybean meal rich in protein content, the energy source is corn rich in starch content, and the fiber source is alfalfa hay with low lignin content. Then, the fiber source is fermented by microorganisms, and a specific mixed bacterial agent of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria is used. Ultrasonic-assisted technology is introduced in the fermentation process to accelerate the fermentation process and improve the fermentation effect. The fermentation temperature is 30℃-35℃ to optimize the fiber structure and reduce the content of anti-nutritional factors. At the same time, the protein is moderately hydrolyzed to reduce the metabolic burden of calves. Then, the raw materials are crushed to a specific particle size using a crushing equipment. The crushing particle size of the raw materials for newborn calf feed is less than 1mm, and the crushing particle size of the raw materials for 1-2 month old calves is 1mm-2mm. Then, vacuum mixing is used. Technology is used to ensure that all ingredients are evenly distributed while reducing the oxidative loss of nutrients. The formula and processing parameters are then adjusted according to the growth stage of the calves. For calves from birth to one month old, the protein content accounts for 20%-22%, of which the whey protein ratio is 30%-37%, and lactoferrin is added. The fiber content is 8%-10%. Short-fiber raw materials are used, the particle hardness is moderate, and the surface is specially roughened to increase the calf's chewing interest. For calves aged 1-2 months, the protein content is adjusted to 18%-20%, the proportion of plant protein is increased, the fiber content is increased to 10%-12%, the particle hardness is increased accordingly, and the shape is designed to be an oval shape that is easier for calves to eat. Subsequently, specific probiotics are added to the feed. The probiotics are bifidobacteria and lactobacillus acidophilus that have been genetically modified to enhance colonization ability, and the probiotic content is not less than 1×10 9 CFU / g, oligofructose is selected as prebiotic, and the addition amount is 0.5%-1%. Functional additives include bioactive peptides that promote rumen development, and active ingredients with antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects extracted from natural plants, and the addition amount is 0.1%-0.2%. Then the preparation of calf pellet feed is completed. In the process of preparing calf pellet feed, it is necessary to monitor the quality of the production process. In the production process, high performance liquid chromatography and near-infrared spectroscopy detection technology are used, combined with an artificial intelligence image recognition system, to detect the nutritional components and microbial indicators of proteins, amino acids and vitamins in real time to ensure that the quality and safety of the feed meet national standards. At this point, the entire work flow is completed.

[0051] At the same time, the present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

[0052] Some aspects of the present application may be performed entirely by hardware, entirely by software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or by a combination of hardware and software. The above hardware or software may be referred to as "data blocks", "modules", "engines", "units", "components" or "systems". The processor may be one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DAPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or combinations thereof. In addition, various aspects of the present application may be expressed as computer products located in one or more computer-readable media, which include computer-readable program codes. For example, computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, tapes ...), optical disks (e.g., compact disks CDs, digital versatile disks DVDs ...), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., cards, sticks, key drives ...).

[0053] A computer-readable medium may include a propagated data signal containing computer program code, such as in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. The propagated signal may have a variety of manifestations, including electromagnetic, optical, etc., or a suitable combination. A computer-readable medium may be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which may be connected to an instruction execution system, device or apparatus to communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use. The program code on the computer-readable medium may be propagated through any suitable medium, including radio, cable, fiber optic cable, radio frequency signal, or similar medium, or a combination of any of the above mediums.

[0054] Similarly, it should be noted that in order to simplify the description disclosed in this application, so as to help understand one or more embodiments of the invention, in the above description of the embodiments of the present application, sometimes multiple features are merged into one embodiment, drawings or descriptions thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the features required by the object of the present application are more than the features mentioned in the claims. In fact, the features of the embodiment are less than all the features of the single embodiment disclosed above. In some embodiments, numbers describing the number of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "approximately", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise specified, "approximately", "approximately" or "substantially" indicate that the number allows a variation of ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, which may change according to the characteristics required by individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general method of retaining the digits. Although the numerical domains and parameters used to confirm the breadth of their range in some embodiments of the present application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, such numerical settings are as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

[0055] Although the present invention is disclosed as above in terms of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process and method for preparing calf pellet feed for stimulating calf rumen development, comprising: It is characterized in that The process and method for preparing calf pellet feed for stimulating calf rumen development comprises the following specific steps: Step 1: Raw material selection: The raw materials of pellet feed include protein source, energy source, fiber source, probiotics, prebiotics and functional additives. The protein source is soybean meal rich in protein content, the energy source is corn rich in starch content, and the fiber source is alfalfa hay with low lignin content. The proportions are accurately adjusted according to the nutritional requirements of calves at different growth stages to ensure the balance of protein, energy and fiber nutrients. Step 2: Special treatment: Microbial fermentation of the fiber source, using a specific mixed bacterial agent of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria, and introducing ultrasound-assisted technology during the fermentation process to accelerate the fermentation process and improve the fermentation effect. The fermentation temperature is 30℃-35℃ to optimize the fiber structure, reduce the content of anti-nutritional factors, and moderately hydrolyze the protein to reduce the metabolic burden of the calf; Step 3: Scientific processing: Use crushing equipment to crush the raw materials to a specific particle size. For newborn calf feed raw materials, the particle size is less than 1mm, and for 1-2 month old calf feed raw materials, the particle size is 1mm-2mm. Then use vacuum mixing technology to ensure that the ingredients are evenly distributed and reduce the oxidation loss of nutrients. Step 4, stage optimization: adjust the formula and processing parameters according to the growth stage of the calf. For calves from birth to 1 month old, the protein content accounts for 20%-22%, of which the whey protein ratio is 30%-37%, and lactoferrin is added. The fiber content is 8%-10%. Short fiber raw materials are used, the particle hardness is moderate, and the surface is specially roughened to increase the calf's chewing interest. For calves aged 1-2 months, the protein content is adjusted to 18%-20%, the proportion of vegetable protein is increased, the fiber content is increased to 10%-12%, the particle hardness is increased accordingly, and the shape is designed to be more elliptical for calves to eat; Step 5: Addition of additives: Add specific probiotics, which are genetically modified bifidobacteria and lactobacillus acidophilus to enhance colonization ability, and the content of probiotics is not less than 1×10 9 CFU / g, prebiotics selected oligofructose, added at 0.5%-1%, functional additives including bioactive peptides that promote rumen development, and active ingredients extracted from natural plants with antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, added at 0.1%-0.2%; Step 6. Quality monitoring: During the production process, high performance liquid chromatography and near-infrared spectroscopy detection technologies are used in combination with an artificial intelligence image recognition system to detect the nutritional components and microbial indicators of proteins, amino acids and vitamins in real time to ensure that the quality and safety of feed meet national standards.

2. The process and method for preparing a pelleted feed for stimulating rumen development in calves according to claim 1, Features: In the step 1, during the raw material selection stage, soybean meal is strictly screened to ensure that it comes from non-genetically modified soybeans and has a stable protein content of 43%-55%. The energy source is fresh, mold-free, and high-quality corn with full grains, and the starch content of the corn is higher than 65%. For the fiber source, only alfalfa hay with a bright green color, no pests and diseases, and a length of 3 cm-5 cm is selected to ensure the high quality and high nutritional value of the raw materials.

3. The process and method for preparing a pelleted feed for stimulating rumen development in calves according to claim 1, Features: In the step 2, in the special treatment stage, the mixed bacterial agent of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria used for fermentation, wherein the ratio of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria is 1:2, during the fermentation process, the temperature is strictly controlled between 30°C and 35°C, the humidity is maintained at 60%-70%, and the fermentation time is accurately controlled at 48h-72h to ensure that the fiber source is fully fermented and its structure and nutritional value are optimized.

4. The process and method for preparing a pelleted feed for stimulating rumen development in calves according to claim 1, Features: In the step three, in the scientific processing stage, the crushing equipment adopts an advanced hammer mill equipped with an adjustable screen to accurately control the particle size of the raw material crushing according to the needs of calves at different growth stages. After the newborn calf feed raw materials are crushed, more than 90% of the particles can pass through the 0.5mm screen. After the 1-2 month old calf feed raw materials are crushed, 70%-80% of the particles can pass through the 1.5mm screen. The mixing process adopts a double-shaft paddle mixer, and the mixing time is not less than 15 minutes to ensure that the ingredients are evenly distributed.

5. The process and method for preparing a pelleted feed for stimulating rumen development in calves according to claim 1, Features: In the step 4, in the stage optimization stage, for calves from birth to 1 month old, the protein content in the feed formula is precisely controlled at 20%-22%, of which the whey protein ratio is 30%-37%, and the fiber content is 8%-10%, mainly high-quality alfalfa meal and oat fiber, and the particle hardness is controlled by adjusting the granulation temperature and pressure. The granulation temperature is 70°C-80°C, and the pressure is 15MPa-20MPa. For calves aged 1-2 months, the protein content is precisely adjusted to 18%-20%, the proportion of plant protein is increased, the fiber content is increased to 10%-12%, and the particle hardness is correspondingly improved. The granulation temperature is 80°C-90°C, and the pressure is 20MPa-25MPa.

6. The process and method for preparing a pelleted feed for stimulating rumen development in calves according to claim 1, Features: In step 5, during the additive introduction stage, the added bifidobacteria and lactobacillus acidophilus were strictly screened and cultured to ensure their activity and stability. The bifidobacterium content was 5×10 8 CFU / g-6×10 8 CFU / g, Lactobacillus acidophilus content is 8×10 8 CFU / g-9×10 8 CFU / g, prebiotics select oligofructose with a purity of 90%-99%, and the bioactive peptides in the functional additives are small molecular weight casein peptides with a molecular weight of 8000Da-1000Da to improve their absorption and utilization efficiency in the rumen.

7. The process and method for preparing a pelleted feed for stimulating rumen development in calves according to claim 1, Features: In step six, during the quality monitoring stage, high performance liquid chromatography technology is used to accurately measure the amino acid composition and content in the feed, including the essential amino acids lysine and methionine. At the same time, near-infrared spectroscopy technology is used to quickly detect conventional indicators of moisture, crude protein and crude fat in the feed. In addition, the microbial indicators in the feed are regularly tested to ensure that their content meets national standards.

8. The process and method for preparing a pelleted feed for stimulating rumen development in calves according to claim 1, Features: In the step 1, the entire production process strictly complies with national health standards and environmental protection requirements. The processing equipment is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected after production every day, using food-grade disinfectants and adopting ultraviolet and ozone combined disinfection technology. The storage environment of raw materials and finished products is kept dry and ventilated, the temperature is controlled at 15°C-25°C, and the relative humidity is lower than 60%. An intelligent temperature and humidity adjustment system and insect and rodent prevention facilities are set up in the storage area. The stored raw materials and finished products are regularly inspected, and non-destructive testing technology, including near-infrared spectroscopy and terahertz spectroscopy technology, is used to prevent the feed from being contaminated and deteriorating.

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