Special mold for casting dummy bar and machining method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a special mold for casting a dummy bar, which has the advantages that the manufacturing efficiency of the dummy bar is high, the size precision of the dummy bar is high, the surface of a bar body is smooth, the requirement of a standard component is met, the reliable and stable operation of subsequent continuous casting and upward drawing is ensured, and the production efficiency is improved. The rod body mold comprises a columnar rod and a handle rod, a through hole in the length direction is formed in the center of the columnar rod, the pipe diameter of the through hole is equal to the outer diameter of a rod body of a standard dummy bar, and a first external thread structure is arranged on an outer ring of the bottom of the columnar rod; the handle rod comprises a connecting end and an upward-protruding control end. The leading head mold comprises a leading head body, the center of the upper surface of the leading head body is concave downwards to form a large-diameter threaded hole, the center of the tail end of the bottom of the large-diameter threaded hole is concave downwards to form a threaded hollow leading head groove, and an inner cavity of the threaded hollow leading head groove is arranged in a manner of copying a stud part of a standard dummy bar; the center of the tail end of the bottom of the threaded hollow head guiding groove is recessed downwards to form an exhaust hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing a dummy rod, in particular to a special mold for casting a dummy rod. The invention also provides a processing method for manufacturing the dummy rod by adopting the special mold for casting a silver ingot rod. Background Art

[0002] When the copper alloy is continuously cast, the molten copper passes through the upper graphite mold and solidifies together with the lower end of the dummy rod in the crystallizer. The dummy head is threadedly connected to the iron dummy rod, and the alloy rod is led out through the traction device. Therefore, it is very important to control the quality of the dummy rod during continuous casting.

[0003] At present, the manufacture of the dummy rod is to cut the standard section of the continuous extruded pure copper rod or silver copper rod, and use lathe to manufacture the rod body and the threaded dummy head. Due to the relatively low processing efficiency of mechanical manufacturing and machining such as cutting, the surface of the dummy rod body is easily not smooth and the diameter error is large, which cannot meet the requirements of standard parts, thereby causing great wear on the internal coating of the upper graphite mold, affecting the quality of the alloy upper dummy rod and the life of the upper graphite mold, increasing production and labor costs, and reducing productivity. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a special mold for casting a dummy rod, which makes the production efficiency of the dummy rod high, and the dimensional accuracy of the dummy rod is high, and the surface of the rod body is smooth, meeting the requirements of standard parts, ensuring the reliable and stable operation of subsequent continuous casting and improving production efficiency.

[0005] A special mold for casting a dummy bar, characterized in that it comprises:

[0006] A rod body mold, comprising a columnar rod and a handle rod, wherein a through hole in the length direction is arranged at the center of the columnar rod, the diameter of the through hole is equal to the outer diameter of the rod body of the standard dummy rod, and a first external thread structure is arranged at the bottom outer ring of the columnar rod; the handle rod comprises a connecting end and an upper convex control end, the inner end of the connecting end is fixedly connected to the middle and upper outer ring area of ​​the columnar rod, the upper end control part of the upper convex control end is higher than the top of the columnar rod, and the lower end of the upper convex control end is connected to the outer end of the connecting end;

[0007] And a guide mold, which includes a guide body, the upper surface of the guide body is concave at the center to form a large-diameter threaded hole, the bottom end of the large-diameter threaded hole is concave at the center to form a threaded hollow guide groove, the inner cavity of the threaded hollow guide groove is shaped like the stud part of the standard ingot rod, the bottom end of the threaded hollow guide groove is concave at the center to form an exhaust hole, the exhaust hole is arranged from top to bottom, the central axes of the exhaust hole, the threaded hollow guide groove and the large-diameter threaded hole are arranged in sequence on the same axial extension line, and the lower end of the guide body;

[0008] The shaft mold and the lead mold are both made of graphite material, and their inner and outer surfaces are smooth;

[0009] The first external thread structure at the bottom of the columnar rod is inserted into the large-diameter threaded hole and then threadedly fixed. The bottom end surface of the columnar rod is arranged close to the bottom surface of the large-diameter threaded hole. The through hole is connected to the threaded hollow guide groove. The central axes of the through hole and the threaded hollow guide groove are arranged sequentially on the same axial extension line.

[0010] It is further characterized by:

[0011] The diameter of the exhaust hole is smaller than half of the equivalent diameter of the threaded hollow guide groove, so as to ensure smooth exhaust and prevent excessive copper liquid from dripping after the mold drives the copper liquid away from the liquid surface;

[0012] The lower surface of the lead body is a first truncated cone structure that expands from bottom to top, which ensures that the mold immersed in the copper liquid will not have a large impact on the liquid surface, thereby causing the copper liquid to splash;

[0013] The outer periphery of the upper surface of the guide body is a circular arc angle transition surface;

[0014] The top of the columnar rod is a second truncated cone structure that expands from top to bottom, which ensures that the mold will not have a large impact on the liquid surface when leaving the copper liquid, thereby causing the copper liquid to splash;

[0015] It also includes a multi-axis manipulator for driving the handle rod to transfer, the arm end of the multi-axis manipulator is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper convex control end, the multi-axis manipulator drives the mold to be immersed in the copper liquid, then vertically separates the mold from the copper liquid, transfers the mold to an area away from the copper liquid pool, transfers the mold to a natural cooling area or a water cooling area, and after cooling is completed, the multi-axis manipulator transfers the mold to a product demoulding area;

[0016] A second external thread structure is provided at the upper end of the upper convex control end, and a connecting nut and a corresponding connecting nut locking screw are provided at the arm end of the multi-axis manipulator. The connecting nut is limitedly installed in the arm placement cavity, and an upper convex rotating handle is provided on the upper surface of the connecting nut. The radially arranged nut locking screws complete the locking operation after the connecting nut tightly connects the second external thread structure, so that the shaft mold does not separate from the arm end of the multi-axis manipulator during the entire production cycle.

[0017] A working method for casting a special mold for a dummy bar, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1, tighten the shaft mold and the lead mold through threads;

[0019] S2 mechanically or manually holds the convex operating end of the handle rod to vertically insert the mold into the copper liquid pool, and immerses the top of the rod body mold into the copper liquid, with the convex operating end of the handle rod exposed above the liquid surface of the copper liquid;

[0020] S3: After the air in the rod body mold and the lead mold is discharged through the exhaust hole, the mold is vertically pulled away from the copper liquid by driving the handle rod;

[0021] S4. The pulled-out mold is placed vertically in the air for cooling or in cooling water for cooling, so that the copper liquid is formed;

[0022] S5. After the mold is cooled, the lead mold is unscrewed along the first external thread structure, the lead mold is separated from the rod body mold, and the formed ingot rod and the lead mold are rotated and separated from the rod body mold. Then, the lead mold is unscrewed along the thread formed in the hollow lead groove of the thread and separated from the formed ingot rod, and the thin rod at the exhaust hole position of the formed ingot rod is simultaneously pulled out to obtain the formed ingot rod. If the thin rod is broken or not processed, it will not affect the upper continuous casting operation.

[0023] It is further characterized by:

[0024] When a multi-axis manipulator is used for mold transfer operations, the copper liquid pool, cooling station, and product demoulding area are arranged at different positions of the same arc, so that the multi-axis manipulator only needs to rotate the swing arm and combine lifting operations when transferring at different stations, making the operation fast and efficient.

[0025] After adopting the above technical scheme, the mold is made of high-purity graphite material, which has the characteristics of good slow cooling, high temperature resistance, good lubricity and small thermal expansion coefficient. The mold is vertically immersed in the copper liquid through the handle rod and then raised, and is left to cool in the air (or water cooling) and solidify to form the ingot rod. The molding is convenient, and the rod body surface is smooth and the dimensional error is small, which can meet the requirements of standard parts. The production efficiency is high, and the wear of the upper-leading graphite mold is small during continuous casting, which increases the quality of the upper-leading rod and the life of the upper-leading graphite mold, reduces production and labor costs, improves productivity, and saves costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the dummy rod manufactured corresponding to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the present invention combined with a multi-axis manipulator;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of workstations in the processing method of the invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a top view of the assembly of the handle bar and the arm of the multi-axis manipulator of the present invention;

[0032] The names corresponding to the serial numbers in the figure are as follows:

[0033] The rod body mold 10, the cylindrical rod 11, the through hole 111, the first external thread structure 112, the second frustum structure 113, the handle rod 12, the connecting end 121, the upper convex control end 122, the second external thread structure 1221, the guide mold 20, the guide body 21, the first frustum structure 211, the arc angle transition surface 212, the large diameter threaded hole 22, the threaded hollow guide groove 23, the exhaust hole 24, the guide rod 30, the rod body 31, the stud part 32, the multi-axis manipulator 40, the connecting nut 41, the concave groove 411, the nut locking screw 42, the arm placement cavity 43, the rotating handle 44, the copper liquid pool 50, the cooling station 60, the product demoulding area 70, and the mold 100. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] A special mold for casting dummy rods, see Figure 1-Figure 6 : It includes a shaft mold 10 and a lead mold 20;

[0035] The rod body mold 10 includes a columnar rod 11 and a handle rod 12. A through hole 111 is provided in the center of the columnar rod 11 in the length direction. The diameter of the through hole 111 is equal to the outer diameter of the rod body 31 of the standard dummy rod 30. The bottom outer ring of the columnar rod 11 is provided with a first external thread structure 112. The handle rod 12 includes a connecting end 121 and an upper convex control end 122. The inner end of the connecting end 121 is fixedly connected to the middle and upper outer ring area of ​​the columnar rod 11. The upper end control part of the upper convex control end 122 is higher than the top of the columnar rod 11. The lower end of the upper convex control end 122 is connected to the outer end of the connecting end 121.

[0036] The guide mold 20 includes a guide body 21, the upper surface of the guide body 21 is concave at the center to form a large-diameter threaded hole 22, the bottom end of the large-diameter threaded hole 22 is concave at the center to form a threaded hollow guide groove 23, the inner cavity of the threaded hollow guide groove 23 is shaped like the stud part 32 of the standard ingot rod 30, the bottom end of the threaded hollow guide groove 23 is concave at the center to form an exhaust hole 24, the exhaust hole 24 is arranged from top to bottom, and the central axes of the exhaust hole 24, the threaded hollow guide groove 23, and the large-diameter threaded hole 22 are arranged in sequence on the same axial extension line to ensure concentricity;

[0037] The shaft mold 10 and the lead mold 20 are both made of graphite material, and their inner and outer surfaces are smooth, suitable for making a molded lead-ingot rod that meets the requirements;

[0038] The first external thread structure 112 at the bottom of the columnar rod 11 is inserted into the large-diameter threaded hole 22 and then threadedly fixed. The bottom end surface of the columnar rod 11 is arranged close to the bottom surface of the large-diameter threaded hole 22. The through hole 111 is connected to the threaded hollow guide groove 23. The central axes of the through hole 111 and the threaded hollow guide groove 23 are arranged sequentially on the same axial extension line.

[0039] In specific implementation, the handle bar 12 is an L-shaped handle bar, the horizontal section of the L-shaped handle bar is the connecting end 121, the vertical section of the L-shaped handle bar is the upward convex control end 122, and the height of the upward convex control end 122 is made according to actual conditions; the handle bar 12 and the columnar bar 11 are an integrated manufacturing structure;

[0040] The diameter of the exhaust hole 24 is smaller than half of the equivalent diameter of the threaded hollow guide groove 23, so as to ensure smooth exhaust and ensure that there will be no excessive copper liquid dripping after the mold drives the copper liquid to separate from the liquid surface. In actual use, once the copper liquid at the bottom of the exhaust hole separates from the copper liquid pool and contacts the air, the copper liquid at the bottom of the exhaust hole solidifies quickly because the air temperature is very low compared to the temperature of the copper liquid pool, and there is almost no copper liquid dripping, and the dripping copper liquid will not affect the overall structure of the entire dummy rod.

[0041] The lower surface of the lead body 21 is a first truncated cone structure 211 that expands from bottom to top, which ensures that the mold immersed in the copper liquid will not have a large impact on the liquid surface, thereby causing the copper liquid to splash;

[0042] The outer periphery of the upper surface of the lead body 21 is a circular arc angle transition surface 212;

[0043] The top of the columnar rod 11 is a second truncated cone structure 113 that expands from top to bottom, which ensures that the mold will not have a large impact on the liquid surface when leaving the copper liquid, thereby causing the copper liquid to splash.

[0044] In a specific embodiment,

[0045] It also includes a multi-axis manipulator 40 for driving the handle rod transfer, the arm end of the multi-axis manipulator 40 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper convex control end 122, the multi-axis manipulator 40 drives the mold 100 to be immersed in the copper liquid pool 50, and then the mold 100 is vertically separated from the copper liquid pool 50, and the mold 100 is transferred to the area separated from the copper liquid pool 50, and the mold is transferred to the cooling station 60. The cooling station is set with a natural cooling area or a water cooling area according to actual conditions. When the water cooling area is set, the multi-axis manipulator completely immerses the mold 100 in the water cooling pool of the water cooling area. After cooling, the multi-axis manipulator 40 transfers the mold 100 to the product demolding area 70;

[0046] A second external thread structure 1221 is provided at the upper end of the upper convex control end 122, and a connecting nut 41 and a corresponding connecting nut locking screw 42 are provided at the arm end of the multi-axis manipulator 40. The connecting nut 41 is limitedly installed in the arm placement cavity 43, and an upper convex rotating handle 44 is provided on the upper surface of the connecting nut 41. The radially arranged nut locking screws 42 complete the locking operation after the connecting nut 41 tightly connects the second external thread structure 1221. During locking, the nut locking screw 42 is pressed into the corresponding concave groove 411 on the outer end surface of the connecting nut 41, so that the shaft mold 10 does not separate from the arm end of the multi-axis manipulator 40 during the entire production cycle.

[0047] A working method for a special mold for casting a dummy bar, comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1, tightening the shaft mold 10 and the lead mold 20 through threads;

[0049] S2: insert the mold vertically into the copper liquid pool 50 by mechanically or manually holding the convex operating end of the handle rod, and immerse the top of the rod body mold 10 into the copper liquid for 5 to 7 seconds, and the convex operating end 122 of the hand-held rod 12 is exposed above the liquid surface of the copper liquid;

[0050] S3: After the air in the shaft mold 10 and the lead mold 20 is exhausted through the exhaust hole 24, the mold is vertically pulled away from the copper liquid by driving the handle rod 12;

[0051] S4, the pulled-out mold 100 is placed vertically in the air to cool for 10 to 20 seconds or placed in cooling water to cool for 5 to 10 seconds to shape the copper liquid;

[0052] S5. After the mold 100 has been cooled, the lead mold 20 is unscrewed along the first external thread structure 112, the lead mold 20 is separated from the rod body mold 10, and the formed ingot rod and the lead mold 20 are rotated and separated from the rod body mold 10. Then, the lead mold 20 is unscrewed along the thread formed in the hollow lead groove 23 and separated from the formed ingot rod, and the thin rod at the exhaust hole position of the formed ingot rod is simultaneously pulled out to obtain the formed ingot rod, wherein the thin rod is broken or not processed, which will not affect the upper continuous casting operation.

[0053] In specific implementation, when a multi-axis manipulator 40 is used for mold transfer operations, the copper liquid pool 50, the cooling station 60, and the product demolding area 70 are arranged at different positions of the same arc, so that the multi-axis manipulator 40 only needs to rotate the swing arm combined with lifting operations when transferring at different stations, making the operation fast and efficient.

[0054] Its working principle is as follows: the mold is made of high-purity graphite material, which has the characteristics of good slow cooling, high temperature resistance, good lubricity and small thermal expansion coefficient. The mold is vertically immersed in the copper liquid through the handle rod and then pulled out, and is left to cool in the air (or water cooling) and solidify to form the ingot rod. The molding is convenient, and the rod body surface is smooth, the dimensional error is small, and it can meet the requirements of standard parts. It has high production efficiency, and the wear of the upper graphite mold is small during continuous casting, which increases the quality of the upper rod and the life of the upper graphite mold, reduces production and labor costs, improves productivity, and saves costs.

[0055] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0056] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A special mold for casting a dummy bar, characterized in that: It includes: A rod body mold, comprising a columnar rod and a handle rod, wherein a through hole in the length direction is arranged at the center of the columnar rod, the diameter of the through hole is equal to the outer diameter of the rod body of the standard dummy rod, and a first external thread structure is arranged at the bottom outer ring of the columnar rod; the handle rod comprises a connecting end and an upper convex control end, the inner end of the connecting end is fixedly connected to the middle and upper outer ring area of ​​the columnar rod, the upper end control part of the upper convex control end is higher than the top of the columnar rod, and the lower end of the upper convex control end is connected to the outer end of the connecting end; And a guide mold, which includes a guide body, the upper surface of the guide body is concave at the center to form a large-diameter threaded hole, the bottom end of the large-diameter threaded hole is concave at the center to form a threaded hollow guide groove, the inner cavity of the threaded hollow guide groove is shaped like the stud part of the standard ingot rod, the bottom end of the threaded hollow guide groove is concave at the center to form an exhaust hole, the exhaust hole is arranged from top to bottom, the central axes of the exhaust hole, the threaded hollow guide groove and the large-diameter threaded hole are arranged in sequence on the same axial extension line, and the lower end of the guide body; The shaft mold and the lead mold are both made of graphite material, and their inner and outer surfaces are smooth; The first external thread structure at the bottom of the columnar rod is inserted into the large-diameter threaded hole and then threadedly fixed. The bottom end surface of the columnar rod is arranged close to the bottom surface of the large-diameter threaded hole. The through hole is connected to the threaded hollow guide groove. The central axes of the through hole and the threaded hollow guide groove are arranged sequentially on the same axial extension line.

2. A special mold for casting a dummy bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the exhaust hole is smaller than half of the equivalent diameter of the threaded hollow guide groove.

3. The special mold for casting a dummy bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the lead body is a first truncated cone structure that expands from bottom to top.

4. The special mold for casting a dummy bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the upper surface of the lead body is an arc angle transition surface.

5. The special mold for casting a dummy bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the columnar rod is a second truncated cone structure that expands from top to bottom.

6. The special mold for casting a dummy bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a multi-axis manipulator for driving the handle rod transfer. The arm end of the multi-axis manipulator is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper convex control end. The multi-axis manipulator drives the mold to be immersed in the copper liquid, then vertically separates the mold from the copper liquid, and transfers the mold to an area away from the copper liquid pool. The mold is transferred to a natural cooling area or a water cooling area. After cooling is completed, the multi-axis manipulator transfers the mold to the product demolding area.

7. A special mold for casting a dummy bar according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second external thread structure is provided at the upper end of the upper convex control end, and a connecting nut and a corresponding connecting nut locking screw are provided at the arm end of the multi-axis manipulator. The connecting nut is limitedly installed in the arm placement cavity, and an upper convex rotating handle is provided on the upper surface of the connecting nut. The radially arranged nut locking screws complete the locking operation after the connecting nut tightly connects the second external thread structure.

8. A working method for casting a special mold for a dummy bar, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1, tighten the shaft mold and the lead mold through threads; S2 mechanically or manually holds the convex operating end of the handle rod to vertically insert the mold into the copper liquid pool, and immerses the top of the rod body mold into the copper liquid, with the convex operating end of the handle rod exposed above the liquid surface of the copper liquid; S3: After the air in the rod body mold and the lead mold is discharged through the exhaust hole, the mold is vertically pulled away from the copper liquid by driving the handle rod; S4. The pulled-out mold is placed vertically in the air for cooling or in cooling water for cooling, so that the copper liquid is formed; S5. After the mold is cooled, the lead mold is unscrewed along the first external thread structure, the lead mold is separated from the rod body mold, and the formed ingot rod and the lead mold are rotated and separated from the rod body mold. Then, the lead mold is unscrewed along the thread formed in the hollow lead groove of the thread and separated from the formed ingot rod, and the thin rod at the exhaust hole position of the formed ingot rod is simultaneously pulled out to obtain the formed ingot rod. If the thin rod is broken or not processed, it will not affect the upper continuous casting operation.

9. The special mold for casting a dummy bar according to claim 8, characterized in that: When a multi-axis manipulator is used for mold transfer operations, the copper liquid pool, cooling station, and product demoulding area are arranged at different positions of the same arc.

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