A corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of corn stalk crushing, and specifically to a corn harvester stalk crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action, comprising a shell; the shell is a cylindrical structure, a plurality of blades are evenly arranged around the axis of the shell in the shell, the blades rotate around the axis of the shell in the shell, the blades have a crushing mode and a grinding mode, when the blades are in the switching mode, the blades rotate around their own extension direction, when the blades are in the crushing mode, the blade end face is parallel to the horizontal plane, when the blades are in the grinding mode, there is an angle between the blade end face and the horizontal plane, a sharpening unit is arranged in the shell, the sharpening unit comprises a lifting frame arranged in the shell in a vertical direction, two grindstones are arranged vertically on the lifting frame, and the grindstones are arranged along the radial direction of the shell. The present invention enables the blades to cut the stalks for a long time, and the cutting efficiency is always constant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of corn stalk crushing, and in particular to a corn harvester stalk crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional corn harvesting process, the remaining corn stalks are mostly disposed of by burning, which pollutes the environment. If they are directly discarded in the fields, the stalks will also have a negative impact on the soil. In existing corn harvesters, some corn stalks are too large to be harvested.

[0003] Chinese patent application CN112602453A discloses an agricultural corn harvesting equipment, including a cutting and transporting device, a feeding device, a dropping device, a crushing device, a chassis, and a cover. The cutting and transporting device is connected to the feeding device, the feeding device is connected to the dropping device, the dropping device is connected to the crushing device, the cutting and transporting device, the feeding device, the dropping device, and the crushing device are all connected to the chassis, and the cutting and transporting device, the crushing device, and the chassis are all connected to the cover.

[0004] The above scheme enables the feed port to adapt to corn stalks of different thicknesses. The cut corn and stalks are stored separately by the cutting and transporting device. The stalks are sent to the crushing device for crushing after being cut by the cutting and transporting device. However, the blades used for crushing the straw in the traditional crushing device will gradually become blunt after long-term use, which will make it impossible to effectively crush the straw. Since the straw is long, if the straw cannot be effectively crushed, it will cause the straw to be unable to be discharged smoothly from the crushing device, causing the crushing device to be blocked. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, a corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action is provided. By arranging whetstones on the upper and lower sides of the blade, when the blade needs to be sharpened, the blade is rotated and tilted so that the cutting edge of the blade can contact the end face of the whetstone when it rotates around the axis of the outer shell, thereby achieving the grinding effect of the whetstone on the cutting edge of the blade.

[0006] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action, comprising a shell; the shell is a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of blades are evenly arranged around the axis of the shell in the shell, the blades rotate around the axis of the shell in the shell, the blades have a crushing mode and a grinding mode, when the blades switch between the crushing mode and the grinding mode, the blades rotate around their own extension direction, when the blades are in the crushing mode, the end face of the blades is parallel to the horizontal plane, when the blades are in the grinding mode, there is an angle between the end face of the blades and the horizontal plane, and the angle is constant, a sharpening unit is arranged in the shell, the sharpening unit comprises a lifting frame arranged in the shell in a vertical direction, two grindstones are vertically arranged on the lifting frame, the grindstones are arranged along the radial direction of the shell, the blades have an upward tilted shape and a downward tilted shape in the grinding mode, when the blades are in the upward tilted shape, the upper blade edge of the blade slides with the upper grindstone, when the blades are in the downward tilted shape, the lower blade edge of the blade slides with the lower grindstone.

[0007] Preferably, in the grinding mode, when the blade is in an upward tilted position, the lifting frame descends in the vertical direction, and the blade only slides with the whetstone located on the upper side of the lifting frame; when the blade is in a downward tilted position, the lifting frame rises in the vertical direction, and the blade only slides with the whetstone located on the lower side of the lifting frame.

[0008] Preferably, in the grinding mode, the component direction of the inclined blade in the horizontal direction is opposite to the tangential direction of the blade when it rotates around the axis of the housing.

[0009] Preferably, the blades arranged in the housing are divided into multiple layers in the vertical direction, each layer of blades is correspondingly provided with a sharpening unit, and each layer of blades is divided into two groups, one group of blades is in a sharpening mode, and the other group of blades is in a crushing mode.

[0010] Preferably, a support plate is fixedly provided on the lifting frame along the radial direction of the outer shell, an extension rod is vertically fixedly provided at the end of the whetstone facing the support plate, the extension rod penetrates the support plate along the vertical direction and slides with the support plate, there is a gap between the whetstone and the support plate, a spring is provided in the gap along the vertical direction, and both ends of the spring are respectively fixedly provided on the support plate and the whetstone.

[0011] Preferably, a driving shaft is arranged in the outer shell and rotates along the axial direction of the outer shell, a first rotating driver for driving the driving shaft is arranged at the upper end of the driving shaft, a blade is arranged on the side wall of the driving shaft along the radial direction of the outer shell, a working chamber is opened in the driving shaft, a rotating rod is fixedly arranged at the end of the blade close to the driving shaft along the extension direction of the blade, the rotating rod passes through the driving shaft and extends into the working chamber, the rotating rod rotates with the driving shaft, a first bevel gear is fixedly arranged at the end of the rotating rod away from the blade, a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear is arranged on one side of the first bevel gear, and a second rotating driver for driving the second bevel gear to rotate is arranged at the end of the second bevel gear.

[0012] Preferably, a locking unit is provided inside the working chamber, and the locking unit includes two locking grooves opened on the side wall of the rotating rod. The locking grooves are arranged on the side wall of the rotating rod around the axis of the rotating rod, and a locking block is provided on the upper part of the rotating rod for movement along the vertical direction, and the locking block is engaged with the locking groove.

[0013] Preferably, an electromagnet is horizontally arranged above the locking block, and a locking rod is vertically fixedly arranged on the upper part of the locking block. The locking rod passes through the electromagnet and slidably cooperates with the electromagnet.

[0014] Preferably, a circulation unit is provided on the side of the shell, and the circulation unit includes a circulation chamber, which is a vertical structure, and the upper and lower parts of the circulation chamber are respectively connected to the interior of the shell, and a spiral blade is vertically rotated in the circulation chamber, and a second gear is fixedly provided on the upper part of the spiral blade, and a first gear is fixedly provided between the first rotation driver and the driving shaft, and the first gear and the second gear are meshed with each other.

[0015] Preferably, a wetting roller is rotatably arranged at the front end of the grindstone, a water supply pipe for supplying water to the wetting roller is arranged at one end of the wetting roller, and a water-absorbing sponge is arranged on the outside of the wetting roller.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. A feed port for feeding straw is provided on the side wall of the shell. At this time, the blade is in the crushing mode, and the end face of the blade is parallel to the horizontal plane, so that when the blade rotates around the axis of the shell, the cutting edge of the blade can better cut the straw. When the blade is switched to the grinding mode, the blade has an upward tilt and a downward tilt. The time when the blade is in the upward tilt is equal to the time when it is in the downward tilt, and the sum of the upward tilt and downward tilt times is equal to the rated operating time. The inclination angle of the blade when it is in an upward tilted state is the same as the inclination angle of the blade when it is in a downward tilted state. When the blade is in an upward tilted state, the lifting frame drives the two whetstones to descend together, and when the upper whetstone contacts the upper cutting edge of the blade, the lifting frame stops moving; when the blade is in a downward tilted state, the lifting frame drives the two whetstones to rise together, and when the lower whetstone contacts the lower cutting edge of the blade, the lifting frame stops moving. It is worth noting that the sharpening unit does not rotate around the axis of the outer shell. The blade edge is sharpened by rotating the blade around the axis of the outer shell, so that the blade can cut the straw for a long time and the cutting efficiency is always constant.

[0018] 2. In order to ensure the crushing effect, each layer of blades is divided into two groups, one group is in crushing mode, and the other group is in grinding mode, avoiding the situation where the straw cannot be crushed when all the blades in one layer are in grinding mode.

[0019] 3. By arranging a wetting roller at the front end of the grindstone, the wetting roller can wet the blade before grinding, thereby reducing the large loss of the blade when grinding on the end face of the grindstone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a side view of a corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 The invention is a corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action. Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view at AA in the middle.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a cutaway perspective diagram of a corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action according to the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 5 The invention is a corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action. Figure 4 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0025] Figure 6 The invention is a corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action. Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a cutaway perspective diagram of a corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action according to the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0027] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action of the present invention with the outer shell removed.

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a stereoscopic schematic diagram of the assembly of a knife sharpening unit and a blade of a corn harvester straw crushing device based on a mechanical interlocking action according to the present invention.

[0029] Fig.10 It is a stereoscopic schematic assembly diagram of a knife sharpening unit and a blade of a corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action of the present invention after removing a threaded rod, a guide rod and a third rotary drive.

[0030] Fig.11 The invention is a corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action. Fig.10 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle.

[0031] The numbers in the figure are:

[0032] 1. Shell; 11. Feed inlet; 2. Blade; 21. First rotary driver; 22. Drive shaft; 23. First bevel gear; 24. Rotating rod; 25. Second bevel gear; 26. Second rotary driver; 27. Locking unit; 271. Locking groove; 272. Locking block; 273. Locking rod; 274. Electromagnet; 3. Sharpening unit; 31. Whetstone; 32. Lifting frame; 33. Extension rod; 34. Support plate; 35. Spring; 36. Threaded rod; 37. Guide rod; 38. Third rotary driver; 39. Wetting roller; 391. Water supply pipe; 4. Circulation unit; 41. Circulation chamber; 42. Spiral blade; 43. First gear; 44. Second gear; 45. Toggle rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0034] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10A corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action comprises a shell 1; the shell 1 is a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of blades 2 are evenly arranged around the axis of the shell 1 in the shell 1, and the blades 2 rotate around the axis of the shell 1 in the shell 1, and the blades 2 have a crushing mode and a grinding mode. When the blades 2 switch between the crushing mode and the grinding mode, the blades 2 rotate around their own extension direction, and when the blades 2 are in the crushing mode, the end face of the blades 2 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and when the blades 2 are in the grinding mode, the end face of the blades 2 is parallel to the horizontal plane. There is an angle, and the angle is constant. A sharpening unit 3 is arranged in the shell 1, and the sharpening unit 3 includes a lifting frame 32 arranged in the shell 1 for movement along the vertical direction. Two whetstones 31 are vertically arranged on the lifting frame 32. The whetstones 31 are arranged along the radial direction of the shell 1. The blade 2 has an upward tilted shape and a downward tilted shape in the grinding mode. When the blade 2 is in the upward tilted shape, the upper blade of the blade 2 slides with the upper whetstone 31. When the blade 2 is in the downward tilted shape, the lower blade of the blade 2 slides with the lower whetstone 31.

[0035] Existing corn harvesters can harvest corn stalks and corn at the same time when harvesting corn, and transport corn and stalks to different locations for storage. When transporting corn, some corn harvesters also have the function of peeling. Since the present invention mainly focuses on the problem of stalk crushing, and the corn transportation process is a prior art, the detailed transportation process of corn will not be repeated here. After being harvested, the stalks will be transported to a crushing device, which crushes the stalks, and the crushed stalks can be reused. When the blade 2 in the existing crushing device crushes the straw, the edge of the blade 2 gradually becomes blunt over time, resulting in a decrease in the cutting efficiency of the blade 2. The existing solution is to stop the machine to replace the blade 2, which will inevitably affect the harvesting efficiency when performing a large number of harvesting operations.

[0036] In order to avoid the above situation, a sharpening unit 3 for sharpening the blade 2 is provided on one side of the blade 2. The specific working process is as follows: when the corn harvester starts harvesting, the blade 2 in the shell 1 starts to rotate in the shell 1 around the axis of the shell 1. The blade 2 in the shell 1 is provided with multiple layers, and the blades 2 in different layers are at different heights, that is, the blades 2 in different layers are arranged in the vertical direction, and the blades 2 in each layer are arranged around the axis of the shell 1. Each layer of the blade 2 is correspondingly provided with a sharpening unit 3. For the convenience of description, the present invention takes the blade 2 in the shell 1 as an example. The blade 2 of one layer is described as a reference. A feed port 11 for feeding straw is provided on the side wall of the shell 1. At this time, the blade 2 is in the crushing mode, and the end face of the blade 2 is parallel to the horizontal plane. In this way, when the blade 2 rotates around the axis of the shell 1, the edge of the blade 2 can better cut the straw. If the blade 2 is inclined to cut the straw, the inclined edge of the blade 2 will also break when cutting the straw. The break refers to the microscopic, that is, using the inclined blade 2 to cut the straw will cause the passivation speed of the blade 2 to accelerate. The blade 2 is preset with a rated running time in the crushing mode and the grinding mode. For example, after the blade 2 runs in the crushing mode for the rated running time, the blade 2 starts to tilt from the horizontal state. At this time, the blade 2 switches to the grinding mode. After the blade 2 rotates around the axis of the shell 1 in the grinding mode for the rated running time, it switches back to the crushing mode again. In order to ensure the crushing effect, each layer of blades 2 is divided into two groups, one group is in the crushing mode, and the other group is in the grinding mode, so as to avoid the situation that the blades 2 of one layer cannot crush the straw when they are all in the grinding mode. When the blade 2 is switched to the grinding mode, the blade 2 has an upward tilt and a downward tilt. The time when the blade 2 is in the upward tilt is equal to the time when it is in the downward tilt, and the sum of the time in the upward tilt and the downward tilt is equal to the rated running time. The inclination angle when the blade 2 is in the upward tilt is the same as the inclination angle when the blade 2 is in the downward tilt. When the blade 2 is in the upward tilt, the lifting frame 32 drives the two whetstones 31 to descend together. When the upper whetstone 31 contacts the upper edge of the blade 2, the lifting frame 32 stops moving; when the blade 2 is in the downward tilt, the lifting frame 32 drives the two whetstones 31 to rise together. When the lower whetstone 31 contacts the lower edge of the blade 2, the lifting frame 32 stops moving. It is worth noting that the grinding unit 3 does not rotate around the axis of the housing 1. The blade 2 rotates around the axis of the housing 1 to grind the edge of the blade 2, so that the blade 2 can cut the straw for a long time, and the cutting efficiency is always constant.

[0037] Reference Figure 1-Figure 11: In the grinding mode, when the blade 2 is in an upward tilted state, the lifting frame 32 descends in the vertical direction, and the blade 2 only slides with the whetstone 31 located on the upper side of the lifting frame 32. When the blade 2 is in a downward tilted state, the lifting frame 32 rises in the vertical direction, and the blade 2 only slides with the whetstone 31 located on the lower side of the lifting frame 32.

[0038] The lifting frame 32 moves in the vertical direction because the inclination angle of the blade 2 is the same regardless of whether the blade 2 is in an upward or downward tilted state. The two whetstones 31 cannot grind both sides of the cutting edge of the blade 2 at the same time when the blade 2 rotates around the housing 1. When the blade 2 is in an upward tilted state, the cutting edge of the blade 2 contacts and slides with the whetstone 31 on the upper side of the lifting frame 32, while the whetstone 31 on the lower side does not contact the blade 2. If the distance between the two whetstones 31 is too close, the lower whetstone 31 may cause wear to the back of the blade 2. Therefore, in actual use, the change in the vertical direction when the blade 2 rotates needs to be less than the distance between the two whetstones 31.

[0039] Reference Figure 1-Figure 11 : In the grinding mode, the component direction of the inclined blade 2 in the horizontal direction is opposite to the tangential direction of the blade 2 when it rotates around the axis of the housing 1.

[0040] In this way, when the whetstone 31 is grinding the blade 2, the edge of the blade 2 is away from the whetstone 31, which prevents the edge of the blade 2 from being damaged when it contacts the whetstone 31. If the edge of the blade 2 moves against the whetstone 31 during grinding, the edge of the blade 2 will collapse.

[0041] Reference Figure 1-Figure 11 The blades 2 arranged in the housing 1 are divided into multiple layers along the vertical direction, each layer of blades 2 is correspondingly provided with a sharpening unit 3, and each layer of blades 2 is divided into two groups, one group of blades 2 is in a sharpening mode, and one group of blades 2 is in a crushing mode.

[0042] Reference Figure 6 and Fig. 9 A support plate 34 is fixedly provided on the lifting frame 32 along the radial direction of the outer shell 1, and an extension rod 33 is vertically fixedly provided at the end of the whetstone 31 facing the support plate 34. The extension rod 33 penetrates the support plate 34 along the vertical direction and slides with the support plate 34. There is a gap between the whetstone 31 and the support plate 34, and a spring 35 is provided in the gap along the vertical direction. The two ends of the spring 35 are respectively fixed on the support plate 34 and the whetstone 31.

[0043] In this way, when the whetstone 31 is grinding the edge of the blade 2, the whetstone 31 can be displaced in the vertical direction after contacting the blade 2. At this time, the spring 35 arranged between the support plate 34 and the whetstone 31 is compressed, and the elastic force generated by the compressed spring 35 acts on the whetstone 31, so that after the whetstone 31 is in contact with the blade 2, the whetstone 31 grinds the edge of the blade 2 through the elastic force of the spring 35. If the whetstone 31 is fixed on the lifting frame 32, after the whetstone 31 contacts and slides with the edge of the blade 2, the blade 2 will rotate. When grinding the edge of the blade 2, whether the inclination angle of the blade 2 is constant will directly affect the grinding quality of the edge of the blade 2. A guide rod 37 is vertically provided on the lifting frame 32, and the guide rod 37 is located in the shell 1. The guide rod 37 and the lifting frame 32 slide in cooperation along the vertical direction. A threaded rod 36 is also vertically provided in the shell 1. The threaded rod 36 vertically penetrates the lifting frame 32 and is threadedly cooperated with the lifting frame 32. A third rotation driver 38 for driving the threaded rod 36 to rotate is provided at the upper end of the threaded rod 36. The third rotation driver 38 is preferably a servo motor. The threaded rod 36 is driven to rotate by the third rotation driver 38, so that the lifting frame 32 can achieve a lifting effect.

[0044] Reference Figure 3-Figure 5 and Fig.11 : A driving shaft 22 is rotatably arranged in the outer shell 1 along the axial direction of the outer shell 1, and a first rotating driver 21 for driving the driving shaft 22 is arranged at the upper end of the driving shaft 22, and the blade 2 is arranged on the side wall of the driving shaft 22 along the radial direction of the outer shell 1, and a working chamber is opened in the driving shaft 22, and a rotating rod 24 is fixedly arranged at one end of the blade 2 close to the driving shaft 22 along the extension direction of the blade 2, and the rotating rod 24 penetrates the driving shaft 22 and extends into the working chamber, and the rotating rod 24 rotates with the driving shaft 22, and a first bevel gear 23 is fixedly arranged at the end of the rotating rod 24 away from the blade 2, and a second bevel gear 25 meshing with the first bevel gear 23 is arranged on one side of the first bevel gear 23, and a second rotating driver 26 for driving the second bevel gear 25 to rotate is arranged at the end of the second bevel gear 25.

[0045] The first rotary driver 21 is preferably a servo motor, and the second rotary driver 26 is preferably a steering gear. When the first rotary driver 21 is started, the drive shaft 22 can drive the blade 2 to rotate. When the blade 2 needs to switch between the crushing mode and the grinding mode, the second rotary driver 26 is started. The second rotary driver 26 first drives the second bevel gear 25 to rotate. Since the second bevel gear 25 and the first bevel gear 23 are meshed with each other, the first bevel gear 23 can drive the blade 2 to rotate through the rotating rod 24.

[0046] Reference Fig.10 and Fig.11: A locking unit 27 is arranged inside the working chamber, and the locking unit 27 includes two locking grooves 271 opened on the side wall of the rotating rod 24. The locking grooves 271 are arranged on the side wall of the rotating rod 24 around the axis of the rotating rod 24, and a locking block 272 is arranged on the upper part of the rotating rod 24 for movement along the vertical direction. The locking block 272 is engaged with the locking groove 271.

[0047] Reference Fig.11 An electromagnet 274 is horizontally arranged above the locking block 272 , and a locking rod 273 is vertically fixedly arranged on the upper part of the locking block 272 . The locking rod 273 penetrates the electromagnet 274 and slidably cooperates with the electromagnet 274 .

[0048] The two locking grooves 271 arranged on the rotating rod 24 correspond to the crushing mode and the grinding mode of the blade 2 respectively. When the blade 2 rotates to the crushing mode or the grinding mode, the locking block 272 arranged above the rotating rod 24 can be inserted into the locking groove 271. This ensures that the blade 2 is always in a fixed state when the blade 2 is crushing or grinding the straw, and the blade 2 will not rotate, thereby ensuring the crushing effect and the grinding effect.

[0049] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 A circulation unit 4 is arranged on the side of the outer shell 1, and the circulation unit 4 includes a circulation chamber 41. The circulation chamber 41 is a vertical structure, and the upper and lower parts of the circulation chamber 41 are respectively connected to the interior of the outer shell 1. A spiral blade 42 is arranged to rotate vertically in the circulation chamber 41, and a second gear 44 is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the spiral blade 42. A first gear 43 is fixedly arranged between the first rotation driver 21 and the driving shaft 22, and the first gear 43 and the second gear 44 are meshed with each other.

[0050] The bottom of the shell 1 is a conical structure, and a discharge port is opened at the lowest point of the bottom of the shell 1. A toggle rod 45 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the driving shaft 22. The bottom of the toggle rod 45 is slidably matched with the bottom of the shell 1. When the driving shaft 22 rotates, the toggle rod 45 can toggle the straw at the bottom of the shell 1 into the circulation chamber 41, and the spiral blades 42 drive the straw in the circulation chamber 41 to the upper part of the shell 1 for discharge.

[0051] Reference Fig.10 A wetting roller 39 is rotatably arranged at the front end of the grindstone 31, and a water supply pipe 391 for supplying water to the wetting roller 39 is arranged at one end of the wetting roller 39, and a water-absorbing sponge is arranged on the outside of the wetting roller 39.

[0052] The water supply amount of the water supply pipe 391 to the wetting roller 39 is constant, and the water supply amount of the water supply pipe 391 to the wetting roller 39 will not form dripping water droplets at the wetting roller 39. The specific water supply amount needs to be determined according to the actual situation. After the wetting roller 39 is set, each time the blade 2 passes through the wetting roller 39 before reaching the grindstone 31, the wetting roller 39 wets the blade 2, and reduces the wear of the blade 2 during grinding.

[0053] Working principle: A feed port 11 for feeding straw is provided on the side wall of the shell 1. At this time, the blade 2 is in the crushing mode, and the end face of the blade 2 is parallel to the horizontal plane. In this way, when the blade 2 rotates around the axis of the shell 1, the edge of the blade 2 can better cut the straw. If the blade 2 cuts the straw in an inclined state, the inclined edge of the blade 2 will also break when cutting the straw. The break refers to the microscopic state, that is, using the inclined blade 2 to cut the straw will cause the passivation speed of the blade 2 to accelerate. The blade 2 is preset with a rated running time in the crushing mode and the grinding mode. For example, after the blade 2 runs in the crushing mode for the rated running time, the blade 2 starts to tilt from the horizontal state. At this time, the blade 2 switches to the grinding mode. The blade 2 rotates around the axis of the shell 1 in the grinding mode for the rated running time and then switches back to the crushing mode. At the same time, in order to ensure the crushing effect, each layer of blades 2 is divided into two groups, one group is in the crushing mode, and the other group is in the grinding mode, so as to avoid the situation that the straw cannot be crushed when all the blades 2 in a layer are in the grinding mode. When the blade 2 is switched to the grinding mode, the blade 2 has an upward tilt and a downward tilt. The time when the blade 2 is in the upward tilt is equal to the time when it is in the downward tilt, and the sum of the time in the upward tilt and the downward tilt is equal to the rated running time. The inclination angle when the blade 2 is in the upward tilt is the same as the inclination angle when the blade 2 is in the downward tilt. When the blade 2 is in the upward tilt, the lifting frame 32 drives the two whetstones 31 to descend together. When the upper whetstone 31 contacts the upper edge of the blade 2, the lifting frame 32 stops moving; when the blade 2 is in the downward tilt, the lifting frame 32 drives the two whetstones 31 to rise together. When the lower whetstone 31 contacts the lower edge of the blade 2, the lifting frame 32 stops moving. It is worth noting that the grinding unit 3 does not rotate around the axis of the housing 1. The blade 2 rotates around the axis of the housing 1 to grind the edge of the blade 2, so that the blade 2 can cut the straw for a long time, and the cutting efficiency is always constant.

[0054] The above embodiments only express one or several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action, comprising a housing (1); It is characterized in that The shell (1) is a cylindrical structure. A plurality of blades (2) are evenly arranged around the axis of the shell (1) in the shell (1). The blades (2) rotate around the axis of the shell (1) in the shell (1). The blades (2) have a crushing mode and a grinding mode. When the blades (2) switch between the crushing mode and the grinding mode, the blades (2) rotate around their own extension direction. When the blades (2) are in the crushing mode, the end faces of the blades (2) are parallel to the horizontal plane. When the blades (2) are in the grinding mode, an angle exists between the end faces of the blades (2) and the horizontal plane, and the angle is constant. 1) is provided with a sharpening unit (3), the sharpening unit (3) comprising a lifting frame (32) arranged in a vertical direction and movable in the housing (1), two sharpening stones (31) being arranged vertically on the lifting frame (32), the sharpening stones (31) being arranged along the radial direction of the housing (1), the blade (2) having an upwardly inclined shape and a downwardly inclined shape in a sharpening mode, when the blade (2) is in the upwardly inclined shape, the upper blade edge of the blade (2) is in sliding cooperation with the upper sharpening stone (31), and when the blade (2) is in the downwardly inclined shape, the lower blade edge of the blade (2) is in sliding cooperation with the lower sharpening stone (31); In the grinding mode, when the blade (2) is in an upward tilted state, the lifting frame (32) descends in a vertical direction, and the blade (2) only slides with the grindstone (31) located on the upper side of the lifting frame (32); when the blade (2) is in a downward tilted state, the lifting frame (32) rises in a vertical direction, and the blade (2) only slides with the grindstone (31) located on the lower side of the lifting frame (32); In the grinding mode, the component direction of the inclined blade (2) in the horizontal direction is opposite to the tangential direction of the blade (2) when it rotates around the axis of the housing (1); The blades (2) arranged in the housing (1) are divided into multiple layers in the vertical direction, each layer of blades (2) is provided with a corresponding sharpening unit (3), and each layer of blades (2) is divided into two groups, one group of blades (2) is in a sharpening mode, and the other group of blades (2) is in a crushing mode; A support plate (34) is fixedly arranged on the lifting frame (32) along the radial direction of the housing (1); an extension rod (33) is vertically fixedly arranged at the end of the grindstone (31) facing the support plate (34); the extension rod (33) penetrates the support plate (34) along the vertical direction and slidably cooperates with the support plate (34); a gap exists between the grindstone (31) and the support plate (34); a spring (35) is arranged in the gap along the vertical direction; two ends of the spring (35) are respectively fixedly arranged on the support plate (34) and the grindstone (31); A drive shaft (22) is rotatably arranged in the housing (1) along the axial direction of the housing (1), a first rotary driver (21) for driving the drive shaft (22) is arranged at the upper end of the drive shaft (22), the blade (2) is arranged on the side wall of the drive shaft (22) along the radial direction of the housing (1), a working chamber is provided in the drive shaft (22), a rotating rod (24) is fixedly arranged at one end of the blade (2) close to the drive shaft (22) along the extension direction of the blade (2), the rotating rod (24) penetrates the drive shaft (22) and extends into the working chamber, the rotating rod (24) and the drive shaft (22) are rotatably matched, a first bevel gear (23) is fixedly arranged at the end of the rotating rod (24) away from the blade (2), a second bevel gear (25) meshing with the first bevel gear (23) is arranged on one side of the first bevel gear (23), and a second rotary driver (26) for driving the second bevel gear (25) to rotate is arranged at the end of the second bevel gear (25); A wetting roller (39) is rotatably arranged at the front end of the grindstone (31), a water supply pipe (391) for supplying water to the wetting roller (39) is arranged at one end of the wetting roller (39), and a water-absorbing sponge is arranged on the outside of the wetting roller (39).

2. A corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action according to claim 1, characterized in that: A locking unit (27) is arranged inside the working chamber. The locking unit (27) comprises two locking grooves (271) formed on the side wall of the rotating rod (24). The locking grooves (271) are arranged on the side wall of the rotating rod (24) around the axis of the rotating rod (24). A locking block (272) is arranged on the upper part of the rotating rod (24) to move in the vertical direction. The locking block (272) is engaged with the locking groove (271).

3. A corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action according to claim 2, characterized in that: An electromagnet (274) is horizontally arranged above the locking block (272), and a locking rod (273) is vertically fixedly arranged on the upper part of the locking block (272). The locking rod (273) penetrates the electromagnet (274) and slidably cooperates with the electromagnet (274).

4. A corn harvester straw crushing device based on mechanical interlocking action according to claim 3, characterized in that: A circulation unit (4) is arranged on the side of the housing (1). The circulation unit (4) comprises a circulation chamber (41). The circulation chamber (41) is a vertical structure. The upper and lower parts of the circulation chamber (41) are respectively connected to the interior of the housing (1). A spiral blade (42) is arranged in the circulation chamber (41) to rotate vertically. A second gear (44) is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the spiral blade (42). A first gear (43) is fixedly arranged between the first rotary driver (21) and the drive shaft (22). The first gear (43) and the second gear (44) are meshed with each other.

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