Phased array demonstration experiment device based on water surface wave and operation method of phased array demonstration experiment device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of experiment devices, and discloses a phased array demonstration experiment device based on water surface waves and an operation method thereof.The phased array demonstration experiment device comprises a miniature image calculation terminal and a box body, and the box body comprises an upper bearing box and a lower supporting box fixedly connected with the upper bearing box; the connecting surface of the upper bearing box and the lower supporting box is a transparent material plate; a light source module is arranged at the top of the upper bearing box, a hollow cavity is formed in the upper bearing box, a water wave medium module, a wave absorbing module and a point wave source generating device are arranged in the hollow cavity, and the water wave medium module comprises a transparent water cylinder and water arranged in the water cylinder; a camera is arranged at the bottom of the lower supporting box, a semi-transparent and semi-reflecting glass mirror is obliquely arranged in the lower supporting box, and a curtain is arranged on the side wall of the lower supporting box. The device adopts water waves as a medium, and simulates and displays wavefront deflection changes of a plurality of electromagnetic wave sources caused by adjustment and control of phase differences in real time through superposition and interference phenomena of water surface waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of experimental devices, and in particular to a phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Phased array technology is a precision control technology based on the Huygens principle. The Huygens principle is a wave theory proposed by the 17th century Dutch physicist Christian Huygens. It describes the propagation of waves: each point on the wavefront can be regarded as a new wave source, the secondary wave emitted propagates forward, and the envelope of the secondary wave constitutes a new wavefront, and has been successfully used to explain the reflection and refraction of light. In a phased array system, each antenna element can be regarded as a point wave source. By controlling the phase and amplitude of the electromagnetic waves emitted by these point wave sources, the phased array system can accurately control the direction and shape of the beam. Due to its flexibility, high speed, multi-task parallelism and high reliability, it is widely used in radar, communication, radio spectrum monitoring, aerospace, military defense systems and other fields. It is the focus of teaching content in many science and engineering colleges.

[0003] However, the existing phased array technology experimental devices are all implemented with ultrasound as the medium. This experimental device based on ultrasonic signals to realize phased array controls the phase of the control signal between each ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer by adjusting the control host, so that the ultrasonic beam emitted by the transmitting board is deflected in the horizontal direction. Its signal deflection is mostly carried out by a handheld ultrasonic signal detection receiver. During the detection, the ultrasonic signal receiver needs to move in front of the transmitting board, and the electric meter gives the corresponding relative intensity indication at different angles. The electric meter reading is read and the angle with the normal line of the transmitting board is measured. The collected discrete data is processed and plotted, so that the relationship between the signal strength and the deflection angle θ can be roughly measured.

[0004] This phased array device based on ultrasonic signals has the following problems in teaching. First, the lack of visualization of ultrasonic waves affects the effect of its display, which is not easy for students to intuitively understand. Second, the high production cost of ultrasonic transducers, detectors and their control systems hinders its widespread promotion. Finally, the invisible mechanism of the device itself creates obstacles for students to learn the principles and explore in the future. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, a phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves and an operating method thereof are provided in the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems caused by ultrasonic phased array experimental instruments in teaching.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves, including a micro-image computing terminal and a box, the box including an upper bearing box and a lower supporting box fixedly connected to the upper bearing box, and the connecting surface of the upper bearing box and the lower supporting box is a transparent material plate;

[0007] A light source module is arranged on the top of the upper carrying box, a hollow cavity is arranged inside the upper carrying box, a water wave medium module, a wave elimination module and a point wave source generating device are arranged inside the hollow cavity, and the water wave medium module includes a transparent water tank and water arranged in the water tank;

[0008] A camera is arranged at the bottom of the lower support box, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective glass mirror is arranged obliquely inside the lower support box, a curtain is arranged on the side wall of the lower support box, a display screen is arranged movably on the side of the curtain, and the display screen is electrically connected with the camera and the micro-image computing terminal.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the device generates periodic motion with a constant phase difference through a point wave source generating device; the point wave source is generated on the water surface, the amplitude and frequency of each wave source are the same, but with different phases, and the phase difference is controllable, and these waves will be superimposed in the water medium. In order to reduce the influence of the reflected waves at the edge of the water cylinder wall on the experimental effect, a water surface wave elimination module is installed on the cylinder wall to reduce its influence.

[0010] This device has two display effects. The first one is: since the connection surface between the upper bearing box and the lower supporting box is a transparent material plate, and the water tank is transparent, the mirror is semi-transparent and semi-reflective, and the light is directly projected onto the curtain through a part of the mirror. The second one is: the light enters the bottom camera through the mirror and is collected. The camera is connected to the micro-image computing terminal, and the micro-image computing terminal is electrically connected to the display screen on the side. The display screen will display the water wave imaging picture captured by the camera in real time. After image processing, the propagation direction of the surface wave is obtained. At the same time, the computing terminal will simulate and simulate according to the model program compiled based on Huygens' principle, and give a three-dimensional animation. At the same time, the difference in propagation angles given by real-time experiments and theoretical simulations will be shown. This device uses two display effects to achieve the effect of direct demonstration on the curtain and simultaneous display of theoretical calculation results on the display screen.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves, the point wave source generating device includes a shell, a microcontroller, a power amplifier and a circuit module are arranged in the shell, a fixing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the shell, a card slot and a push-pull electromagnet are arranged on the fixing mechanism, and a buckle matching the card slot is arranged on the edge of the water cylinder; a contact is arranged at the end of the push-pull electromagnet, and a knob for adjusting the phase difference of periodic motion between different push-pull electromagnets is arranged on the shell.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are as follows: the device drives the contact to move with different phase differences designed by the program through the push-pull electromagnet of the point wave source generating device; measures the distance between the point wave source generating contact and the water surface, and enables the wave source generating device to generate regular waves with the same amplitude and frequency and different phase differences on the water surface through the fixing mechanism, and superimposes them. Because the influence of the reflected wave from the water cylinder wall is too great, a water surface wave elimination module is added to reduce the influence of the reflected wave brought by the cylinder wall on the waveform deflection.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves, a water circulation module is arranged on the side of the lower support box, and the water circulation module and the water cylinder are connected by a water pipe.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that in the phased array demonstration experiment, the cleanliness of water has an important influence on the demonstration effect of the experiment. Through the water circulation module and the filter, the water flow rate can be controlled to ensure the cleanliness of the water medium without affecting the water surface wave.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves, the light source module includes a light source, a heat sink arranged on the side wall of the light source, and a condenser arranged in front of the light source.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are: the light source module can provide a stable light source output, and by adjusting the parameters of the condenser, the light intensity of the light source can be controlled to adapt it to different experimental needs; the aperture is adjusted to control the entry angle of the light and the degree of defocusing of the light, thereby affecting the clarity of the image; the focal length is adjusted to make the image clear.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves, the wave-breaking module includes a plurality of water cylinder wave-breaking blocks symmetrically arranged on both sides of the water cylinder, and the water cylinder wave-breaking blocks include a flat plate on the top, arc-shaped holes on the side, a front wall and a rear wall.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves, the number of contacts is at least 8, but not limited to 8.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves, the fixing mechanism is at least two interconnected acrylic plates.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves, the circuit module includes a power amplifier circuit and a microcontroller.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves, the tilt angle of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is 45°, and the mirror connects the top and bottom of the lower support box.

[0022] Furthermore, the operation method of the phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1: The point wave source generating device uses a program to control the periodic motion of multiple contacts to produce a constant phase difference. The contacts cause the water surface to produce regular waves with the same amplitude and frequency but different phase differences;

[0024] S2: Capture image data. The high-definition camera captures the image of the water wave medium module in real time and transmits the image to the micro image processing terminal through a data cable;

[0025] S3: Binarization, using grayscale conversion, CLAHE and adaptive thresholding image processing techniques to enhance image contrast;

[0026] S4: Canny edge detection, using the Canny edge detection algorithm to detect the water wave edges in the image;

[0027] S5: Hough transform to detect straight lines;

[0028] S6: Line angle calculation, by calculating the density of each line to filter out noise interference, and then applying K-means clustering to cluster the angles of the remaining lines to identify groups of parallel lines with similar directions;

[0029] S7: Statistical analysis, plot and annotate the positions of these line groups in the image and their average angles, and identify ripple features similar to water waves.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the device uses water waves as a medium, and through the superposition and interference of water surface waves, uses the designed optical path to project water ripples on the display screen in real time for direct observation, and simultaneously uses visual acquisition and image processing technology and modeling calculation using the Huygens principle model, and compares the real-time and projection results to show how to control the deflection change of the wavefront propagation direction of the synthetic wave by adjusting the phase difference between multiple point wave sources. The details are as follows:

[0031] (1) Real-time visualization of the wavefront distribution of the phased array: Traditional phased array demonstration devices usually rely on ultrasonic signals to achieve phase control. Although this method can demonstrate the phased array technology based on the Huygens principle, since ultrasonic waves cannot be directly observed by the human eye, people cannot directly observe the changes in the ultrasonic wavefront with the phase. They need to use ultrasonic detection devices to observe the phenomenon. This device uses water waves as the medium, combined with a point wave source generation module. Through the superposition and interference of water surface waves, observers can directly observe the deflection of the water surface wave front formed by multiple wave sources as the wave source phase difference changes. This greatly improves the visualization of the principles being taught, reduces the difficulty of learning for students, and improves the teaching effect.

[0032] (2) Achieve high interactivity and educational participation: This device is designed with a user-interactive experimental setting, allowing the operator to adjust the phase difference of the wave source by himself through the set phase adjustment knob, and observe the impact of this change on the wavefront morphology on the water surface in real time. At the same time, the phase difference on the simulation program can be changed to observe the changes in the simulation phenomenon. By comparing the experimental phenomenon with the simulation results, exploratory experiments can be carried out to study the differences between the ideal simulation results and the experimental results, and the model can be modified for research. The sense of participation in the experiment and the interactivity of teaching are greatly enhanced, so that students not only passively accept knowledge, but also understand the working principle of phased array technology through actual operation and observation. In addition, the device is also suitable for popular science education, helping the general public to understand complex technical concepts through simple operations, thereby lowering the threshold for the popularization of scientific and technological knowledge.

[0033] (3) Achieve high integration and modular design: This device adopts modular design, and each functional module (such as light source module, point wave source generator, water wave medium module, wave elimination module, image acquisition module, image processing module, etc.) is independent of each other, which is convenient for overall integration and debugging, not only facilitating the maintenance and upgrade of the device, but also enabling the device to be adjusted according to different application requirements, thereby enhancing the applicability of the instrument. In addition, the modular structure also supports the addition or replacement of modules as needed in the future to adapt to changes in technological development or experimental requirements.

[0034] (4) Improved accuracy brought by wave elimination technology: In traditional water wave experiments, wave reflections from the container wall often interfere with experimental observations and affect the accuracy of data. The wave elimination module developed in this device can effectively reduce this interference. By absorbing or dispersing reflected waves through specific materials and structural designs, it ensures more accurate control of the wave source in the experiment and more reliable experimental data. This not only improves the scientific nature of the experiment, but also increases the repeatability and reliability of the experimental results, which is of great significance to scientific research and teaching.

[0035] (5) Good demonstration effect brought by light source projection technology: The light source of this device has variable focal length, light intensity adjustment and adjustable aperture functions, so that the light source can accurately adjust the lighting intensity and focus range according to different experimental conditions. The independently designed light source projection optical path optimizes the light transmission efficiency and uniformity, realizes the grayscale processing of water wave phenomena, realizes image enhancement, and improves the clarity and visual effect of water surface fluctuations. The use of a controllable light source system facilitates the adjustment of the instrument and can ensure the display effect of the equipment under different ambient light. It not only improves the teaching effect of the demonstration, but also enhances the audience's learning experience.

[0036] (6) The use of a semi-reflective and semi-transparent optical path simplifies the optical path structure of the instrument. The image is reflected to the display module and projected to the video acquisition system at the same time through the characteristics of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, ensuring that the image is acquired while observing. This not only ensures the simultaneity of observation and image acquisition, solves the timeliness problem of digital image information and optical images, but also solves the problem of position conflict between the light source and the image acquisition device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the phased array demonstration experimental device;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the phased array demonstration experimental device;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water wave medium module, the wave elimination module and the point wave source generating device;

[0040] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a light source module;

[0041] Figure 5 Workflow diagram for the phased array demonstration experimental setup;

[0042] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the image processing algorithm;

[0043] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contact;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water tank wave-breaking block;

[0045] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water tank wave-breaking block;

[0046] Among them: 1. Box body; 2. Upper bearing box; 3. Lower supporting box; 4. Light source module; 5. Hollow cavity; 6. Water wave medium module; 7. Wave elimination module; 8. Point wave source generating device; 9. Shell; 10. Fixing mechanism; 11. Buckle; 12. Push-pull electromagnet; 13. Contact; 14. Phase knob; 15. Water cylinder; 16. Card slot; 17. Camera; 18. Curtain; 19. Circulating water pump; 20. Water pipe; 21. Light source; 22. Radiator; 23. Condenser; 24. Flat plate; 25. Front wall; 26. Hole; 27. Rear wall; 28. Mirror; 29. ​​Filter; 30. Water outlet; 31. Water inlet; 32. Display screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves, including a micro-image computing terminal and a box 1, the box 1 includes an upper carrying box 2 and a lower supporting box 3 connected to the upper carrying box 2, and the connecting surface between the upper carrying box 2 and the lower supporting box 3 is a transparent material plate;

[0049] A light source module 4 is disposed on the top of the upper carrying box 2, and the light source module 4 includes a light source 21, a heat sink 22 disposed on the side wall of the light source 21, and a condenser 23 disposed on the front side of the light source 21. The light source module 4 can provide a stable output of the light source 21, and can adjust its light intensity, aperture and focal length to make the image clear.

[0050] A hollow cavity 5 is arranged inside the upper carrying box 2, and a water wave medium module 6, a wave-breaking module 7 and a point wave source generating device 8 are arranged inside the hollow cavity 5. The wave-breaking module 7 is arranged on both sides of the water wave medium module 6, and the point wave source generating device 8 and the water wave medium module 6 are arranged in an interlocking manner.

[0051] The point wave source generating device 8 comprises a housing 9, in which a microcontroller, a power amplifier and a circuit module are arranged, and the circuit module comprises a power amplifier circuit and a microcontroller.

[0052] The bottom of the housing 9 is provided with a fixing mechanism 10, which is at least two acrylic plates connected to each other. The fixing mechanism 10 is provided with a card slot 16 and a push-pull electromagnet 12, and the end of the push-pull electromagnet 12 is provided with a contact 13, and the number of the contacts 13 is 8. Figure 7 As shown. The housing 9 is provided with a phase knob 14 for adjusting the movement of the push-pull electromagnet 12; the contact 13 is spherical in design. It has been found through testing that the spherical contact 13 can generate a point wave source of a complete water surface wave after contacting the water surface. The end of the contact close to the push-pull electromagnet 12 is conical in design, which is convenient for connection with the push-pull electromagnet push rod. The contact is made of flexible material through 3D printing.

[0053] The water wave medium module 6 includes a water cylinder 15 , and a buckle 11 matching with a slot 16 is provided on the edge of the water cylinder 15 .

[0054] A camera 17 is arranged at the bottom of the lower supporting box 3, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective glass mirror 28 is arranged obliquely inside the lower supporting box 3, a curtain 18 is arranged on the side wall of the lower supporting box 3, a display screen 32 is movably arranged on the front side of the curtain 18, and the display screen 32 is electrically connected to the camera 17 and the micro image computing terminal.

[0055] The micro image computing terminal is a micro device that integrates image processing, computing, storage and other functions. The camera 17 transmits image data to the micro image computing terminal via radio transmission or an external interface. The micro image computing terminal pre-processes the collected images, including denoising, enhancement, scaling and other operations.

[0056] This device has two display effects. The first one is: since the connection surface between the upper bearing box 2 and the lower support box 3 is a transparent material plate, and the water tank 15 is transparent, the mirror 28 is semi-transparent and semi-reflective, and the light is directly projected onto the curtain 18 through a part of the mirror 28. The second one is: the light enters the bottom camera 17 through the mirror 28 and is collected. The camera 17 is connected to the micro-image computing terminal, and the micro-image computing terminal is connected to the outer display screen 32. The display screen 32 will display the water wave imaging picture captured by the camera 17 in real time, and obtain the propagation direction of the surface wave after image processing. At the same time, the computing terminal will simulate and simulate according to the model program compiled based on the Huygens principle, and give a three-dimensional animation. At the same time, the difference in the propagation angle given by the real-time experiment and the theoretical simulation will be shown. This device adopts two display effects to achieve the effect of direct demonstration of the curtain 18 and simultaneous display of the theoretical calculation results on the display screen 32.

[0057] A water circulation module is arranged on the side of the lower support box 3, and a water outlet 30 and a water inlet 31 are arranged on the water cylinder 15. The water circulation module includes a circulating water pump 19, a water pipe 20 and a filter 29 arranged on the side wall of the water cylinder 15. The water pipe 20 connects the water outlet 30, the circulating water pump 19, the filter 29 and the water outlet 30. The circulating water pump 19 is driven by electricity and can pump the water in the water cylinder 15 out of the water outlet 30 and transport it to the filter 29 through a pipeline. In this process, the flow force generated by the water pump will cause the waste and harmful substances in the water body to be brought into the filter 29, and the filter 29 contains a variety of filter media, such as activated carbon, biochemical cotton, ceramic rings, etc. The water is purified by passing through the filter 29. The purified water re-enters the water cylinder 15 through the water inlet 31.

[0058] like Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the wave-breaking module 7 includes a plurality of water cylinder wave-breaking blocks symmetrically arranged on both sides of the water cylinder 15 , and the water cylinder wave-breaking blocks include a flat plate 24 on the top, arc-shaped holes 26 on the side, a front wall 25 and a rear wall 27 .

[0059] The wave-breaking principle of the water cylinder wave-breaking block:

[0060] (1) The phase of the water waves is changed by adjusting the time and position where some water waves are blocked and reflected.

[0061] In a plane vertical water cylinder wall, when a wave reaches the water cylinder wall, it will be completely blocked and reflected, that is, when the reflectivity = 1, theoretically a standing wave will be formed and the wave height will double. However, since the water cylinder wall composed of water cylinder wave-breaking blocks has many holes 26, some waves are reflected in front of the water cylinder wall at time , while other waves continue to move forward until they are reflected on the rear wall 27 of the hole 26 at time . Since the phases of the waves at and are different, the crest and trough positions of the reflected waves are also different, and the final synthesized wave height is lower than the wave height of a single reflection of the plane water cylinder wall, that is, the reflectivity is reduced.

[0062] (2) It regulates water bodies and water surface heights.

[0063] Due to the existence of the hole 26, when a wave crest comes, part of the water enters the hole 26, reducing the water level rise in front of the water tank wall and lowering the height of the wave crest; when a wave trough appears, the water that originally entered the hole 26 flows out, replenishing the water in front of the wall, raising the water surface in the wave trough and reducing the height of the wave.

[0064] (3) Change the direction of movement of water molecules.

[0065] The flat plate 24 of the water tank wave-breaking block forms a plane up and down the hole 26, which helps to convert the up and down motion of water molecules in the wave into horizontal motion when the water enters and exits the hole.

[0066] (4) Reduce forward reflections from flat surfaces.

[0067] One side of the water tank wave-breaking block is an arc-shaped cylindrical surface, which is not only conducive to guiding the water body to flow into the hole 26, but also the reflection generated by the arc surface is scattered, reducing the forward reflection of the plane.

[0068] (5) Eliminate water wave energy.

[0069] The hole 26 in the water cylinder wave-breaking block is similar to an energy dissipation chamber. After the water flows in, it rotates in the elliptical hole 26 to dissipate energy, and the upper and lower holes 26 are connected, which not only helps to dissipate energy, but also reduces the upward force generated on the block.

[0070] In summary, the wave-breaking principle of the water cylinder wave-breaking block is multifaceted. Although the above points are listed separately, they affect each other in practice. For example, in point (1), if the hole 26 of the water cylinder wave-breaking block is a straight cylinder, this effect will be more obvious. In the water cylinder wave-breaking block, due to other factors, such as the water flow rotation effect in point (5), the nature of the wave entering the hole 26 will change. Therefore, the wave-breaking effect of the water cylinder wave-breaking block is the result of the combined effect of multiple factors.

[0071] This device independently designed a set of logic circuits, and through Arduino programming, control of single-chip microcomputers and power amplifier circuits and other circuit modules, the push-pull electromagnets 12 and contacts 13 with different numbers move with different phase differences designed by the program. At the same time, by measuring the distance between the point wave source contact 13 and the water surface, the fixing mechanism is designed and developed, so that the wave source generating device can generate regular waves with the same amplitude and frequency and different phase differences on the water surface, and superimpose them. Moreover, based on a large number of experiments, it was found that the influence of the reflected waves from the water cylinder wall was too large, so the water surface wave elimination module 7 was independently developed, and the experimental results showed that the effect was good. Then a set of optical demonstration modules that improve the degree of visualization was designed, so that the superimposed waves on the water surface can be effectively projected to the display interface, promoting the teaching effectiveness of the demonstration. Finally, a virtual simulation demonstration platform for phased array technology was developed to realize the combination of virtual reality and teaching.

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, it is a workflow diagram of the phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves. The point wave source generating device 8 is programmed by Arduino, and the object-oriented electromag class encapsulates the state management of each device, which is used to control the state and conversion logic of multiple electromagnetic devices based on the analog input of the A6 pin. The Arduino single-chip computer logic is used to control the power amplifier, drive the push-pull electromagnets 12 and contacts 13 with different numbers 1 to 8 to move with different phase differences, and then measure the distance between the contact 13 and the water surface, design the acrylic plate fixing mechanism, so that the wave source generating device can generate regular waves with the same amplitude and frequency and different phase differences on the water surface, and superimpose them. The superimposed water surface ripples pass through the projection light path preset by the device, and the changes of the ripples are displayed on the display screen 18.

[0073] When in use, the point wave source generator 8 is inserted into the water cylinder 15 through the slot 16, and pure water is added to make half of the contact 13 enter the water surface. Turn on the top light source module 4, adjust its light intensity, aperture and focal length to make the image clear. Reasonably place the wave-cutting module 7 on both sides of the water cylinder 15 to reduce the influence of the reflected wave brought by the cylinder wall on the waveform deflection. Finally, turn on the power switch of the point wave source generator 8, adjust the phase knob 14 counterclockwise to restore it to the zero phase mode, and then start the demonstration teaching.

[0074] The phase adjustment knob is rotated counterclockwise to the limit. At present, the contacts 13 are set to have zero delay vibration, that is, zero phase difference. It is observed that the superimposed wave is approximately a plane wave.

[0075] The phase adjustment knob is rotated clockwise until each contact 13 no longer vibrates with zero delay. At this time, it is set to the low phase difference mode, and it is observed that the superimposed wave is deflected to the right from the previous plane wave.

[0076] The phase adjustment knob is turned clockwise to the limit, and high-delay vibration is set between the contacts 13. It is observed that the rightward deflection angle of the superimposed wave is further increased.

[0077] like Figure 5 As shown, the point wave source generating device is programmed by Arduino to initialize the hardware and software parameters in sequence, wherein the hardware includes the control end and the input signal end of the microcontroller; the software parameters include the vibration source state, the vibration source state transition condition, the initial phase and period variables, and the vibration source object selection. After the hardware and software parameters are initialized, the vibration source period and phase difference are set, and the vibration demonstration can be entered according to the conditions. After entering the vibration, the microcontroller determines whether the vibration period and phase difference need to be adjusted. If adjustment is required, the vibration source period and phase difference are re-set; if adjustment is not required, the vibration continues. After continuous vibration, the microcontroller determines whether the vibration needs to be stopped. If it is determined to stop, the vibration ends; if it is determined not to stop the vibration, it re-determines whether the vibration period and phase difference need to be adjusted.

[0078] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, after the point wave source generating device controls the periodic motion of multiple contacts with a constant phase difference by program, the image recognition module uses a high-definition camera to capture the image of the imaging screen in real time and transmits the image to the micro-image computing terminal through a data line. Grayscale conversion, CLAHE and adaptive thresholding image processing techniques are used to enhance the image contrast, and then Canny edge detection and Hough transform are used to detect straight lines. On this basis, the noise interference is filtered out by calculating the density of each straight line, and then K-means clustering is applied to cluster the angles of the remaining straight lines to identify parallel line groups with similar directions. Finally, the positions of these line groups in the image and their average angles are drawn and annotated to identify ripple features similar to water waves.

[0079] Fitting algorithm embedded in edge terminals:

[0080] First, the wavefront deflection angle after the interference of multiple wave sources under experimental conditions is simulated and calculated by solving mathematical physics equations. The image after the point wave sources are superimposed at a specific interval, a specific phase difference, and a specific period of the wave sources is displayed. The direction of the wavefront is obtained by calculation. Then the fitting result is compared with the actual deflection angle to obtain the fitting degree (percentage).

[0081] The camera completes real-time image acquisition and recognition. At the same time, the parameters of the device are input into the simulation program, and the information obtained through image recognition is compared with the results of the simulation program to show the demonstration effect; the image recognition program completes the recognition of the direction of water wave transmission, the position of the crest or trough, and the recognition of the wavefront; the simulation program displays the waveform of the vibration source and the synthesized waveform in real time, and gives the propagation direction of the synthesized wave, the crest, the trough position and the real-time position of the wavefront. The screen will display the water wave imaging image captured by the camera and the simulated three-dimensional calculation animation in real time, and the calculated deflection angle will be displayed in real time at the bottom of the two screens, and finally the degree of fitting will be displayed at the bottom of the screen.

[0082] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves, characterized in that: The micro-image computing terminal comprises a box (1), wherein the box (1) comprises an upper carrying box (2) and a lower supporting box (3) connected to the upper carrying box (2), and the connecting surface between the upper carrying box (2) and the lower supporting box (3) is a transparent material plate; A light source module (4) is arranged on the top of the upper carrying box (2), a hollow cavity (5) is arranged inside the upper carrying box (2), a water wave medium module (6), a wave elimination module (7) and a point wave source generating device (8) are arranged inside the hollow cavity (5), and the water wave medium module (6) comprises a transparent water tank (15) and water arranged in the water tank; A camera (17) is arranged at the bottom of the lower supporting box (3), a semi-transparent and semi-reflective glass mirror (28) is arranged at an angle inside the lower supporting box (3), a curtain (18) is arranged on the side wall of the lower supporting box (3), a display screen (32) is movably arranged on the side of the curtain (18), and the display screen (32) is electrically connected to the camera (17) and the micro-image computing terminal.

2. The phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The point wave source generating device (8) comprises a housing (9), wherein a microcontroller, a power amplifier and a circuit module are arranged in the housing (9), a fixing mechanism (10) is arranged at the bottom of the housing (9), a card slot (16) and a push-pull electromagnet (12) are arranged on the fixing mechanism (10), a buckle (11) matching the card slot (16) is arranged on the edge of the water cylinder (15); a contact (13) is arranged at the end of the push-pull electromagnet (12), and a knob (14) for adjusting the phase difference of periodic motion between different push-pull electromagnets (12) is arranged on the housing (9).

3. The phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A water circulation module is arranged on the side of the lower support box (3); a water outlet (30) and a water inlet (31) are arranged on the water cylinder (15); the water circulation module comprises a circulating water pump (19), a water pipe (20) and a filter (29) arranged on the side wall of the water cylinder (15); the water pipe (20) connects the water outlet (30), the circulating water pump (19), the filter (29) and the water outlet (30).

4. The phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The light source module (4) comprises a light source (21), a heat sink (22) arranged on a side wall of the light source (21), and a condenser (23) arranged on the front side of the light source (21).

5. The phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wave-breaking module (7) comprises a plurality of water cylinder wave-breaking blocks symmetrically arranged on both sides of the water cylinder (15), and the water cylinder wave-breaking blocks comprise a flat plate (24) on the top, arc-shaped holes (26) on the side, a front wall (25) and a rear wall (27).

6. The phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The number of the contacts (13) is at least 8.

7. The phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (10) is at least two acrylic plates connected to each other.

8. The phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The circuit module includes a power amplifier circuit and a microcontroller.

9. The phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tilt angle of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (28) is 45°, and the mirror (28) connects the top and bottom of the lower support box (3).

10. An operating method of the phased array demonstration experimental device based on water surface waves according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The point wave source generating device uses a program to control the periodic motion of multiple contacts to produce a constant phase difference. The contacts cause the water surface to produce regular waves with the same amplitude and frequency but different phase differences; S2: Capture image data. The high-definition camera captures the image of the water wave medium module in real time and transmits the image to the micro image processing terminal through a data cable; S3: Binarization, using grayscale conversion, CLAHE and adaptive thresholding image processing techniques to enhance image contrast; S4: Canny edge detection, using the Canny edge detection algorithm to detect the water wave edges in the image; S5: Hough transform to detect straight lines; S6: Line angle calculation, by calculating the density of each line to filter out noise interference, and then applying K-means clustering to cluster the angles of the remaining lines to identify groups of parallel lines with similar directions; S7: Statistical analysis, plot and annotate the positions of these line groups in the image and their average angles, and identify ripple features similar to water waves.

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