FTU diagnosis monitoring device

Abstract

The invention provides a diagnosis monitoring device of an FTU, and belongs to the technical field of power distribution networks. According to the technical scheme, related functions achieved by an FTU device loop and a diagnosis monitoring mechanism are determined, alarm modes of a power module, a processor and a communication module are defined based on FPGA digital quantity generation and data selection, then alarm equipment of corresponding modules is developed, problems of the FTU device can be responded in time, and diagnosis basis and phenomena can be provided. Meanwhile, the design of a storage battery management main control unit is completed, the application of a storage battery internal resistance detection technology, an automatic discharge module management technology and a battery abnormality diagnosis technology is realized, and local monitoring and management and control of the storage battery are realized in a matched manner. On the basis, the composition principle and the structure of the final device are determined, and the application of FTU online diagnosis and storage battery management devices is realized. The method can be widely applied to distribution automation FTU monitoring, and the level of automation terminal management application is improved while a small amount of funds are invested.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of power distribution network, and in particular relates to a diagnosis and monitoring device for a FTU. Background Art

[0002] The distribution line switch is an important part of the distribution network system. It cooperates with FTU to realize grounding and short-circuit protection, ensuring the stable operation of the power system. FTU can detect abnormal conditions during line operation, such as grounding or short circuit, and take corresponding measures when these abnormalities are detected, such as cutting off the circuit or issuing alarm information, providing a basis for the power system to remove the fault and prevent equipment damage or fire and other safety accidents. Increasing the flexibility of the distribution network operation mode is another important function of the distribution network line switch. Through the installation and use of segmentation, branching and boundary switches, the faulty main line, branch or user can be effectively isolated, and convenient and reliable line disconnection points can be provided in daily maintenance work. In conjunction with the distribution automation terminal and the master station, remote control of the isolation fault can be realized, power can be supplied to non-fault areas, and the reliability of the distribution network power supply can be improved.

[0003] Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is a high-altitude agricultural and pastoral area. The power supply radius of the power grid is relatively long. FTUs are dispersed with distribution switches and cannot be monitored and controlled in a centralized mode. The hood-type FTU is easy to install and use. Due to the maintenance-free design mode, it has shortcomings in secondary regular inspection and main device alarm. It is unable to timely feedback the problems existing in the terminal. It can only find problems after the line protection does not operate correctly, and cannot prevent them in advance. In 2023, the overall distribution network automation line tripped 550 times, of which 69 tripped due to terminal failures, accounting for 12.5%. Nearly 90% of the reasons were device abnormalities or control aviation plug failures. The terminal operation abnormality was not discovered in advance, resulting in the line segment branch switch refusing to operate and the scope of the fault expanding. According to the principle of local feeder automation operation, the logic of FTU power closing and pressure loss opening also has false operation or refusal to operate, which makes the overall line action logic unable to correctly isolate the fault, affecting the power supply reliability. Therefore, early diagnosis and early warning of FTU problems are imminent and are problems that need to be solved urgently on site.

[0004] Under the existing operation and maintenance mode, the main method used for monitoring the operating conditions of distribution automation terminals is to troubleshoot problems with equipment offline alarms and equipment telemetering consistency rate alarms, and it is impossible to monitor abnormal conditions in distribution terminals. In the 2023 automation indicators, the equipment online rate and telemetering consistency rate both meet the requirements of relevant indicators, but there is still a nearly 12% expansion of the protection action range, indicating that the existing device monitoring methods do not meet the growing requirements for distribution network power supply reliability. The existing confirmation of terminal defects and hidden dangers only relies on the above two alarms and daily equipment inspections. Alarms can only monitor the correctness of equipment communication and data transmission, and cannot correctly warn of FTU abnormalities and aerial plug problems. During equipment inspections, daily inspections can only view data such as terminal operation lights and device voltage and current, and the inspection efficiency is low. Some problems must be investigated with the help of line planned maintenance or dismantling of on-site equipment to carry out FTU debugging work. The existing power outage maintenance plan model of the distribution network has an average daily power outage time of no more than 10 hours. The average length of the distribution network line in Haibei area is 31.45 kilometers. By comparing the average line maintenance time with the terminal debugging time in the past three years, it is found that during the power outage of the entire line, only three to four terminal testing tasks can be completed at a time, and the work locations are scattered, which cannot be combined with the existing distribution network maintenance model, and it is difficult to carry out regular inspections and pre-tests of the equipment. When the FTU is dismantled to carry out terminal testing, the line loses protection for a short time, which does not meet the relevant management regulations for relay protection. In summary, the existing operation and maintenance model and the existing terminal defect and hidden danger disposal cannot improve the terminal operating conditions. It is necessary to improve the alarm method and monitoring mode of related equipment to improve the operation level of the automated terminal.

[0005] In the past six months, through the automated FTU test, it was found that among the 130 devices tested, 42 FTUs were damaged and 8 batteries were damaged, with a damage rate of 32%, which is far from meeting the maintenance-free design concept. In addition, the battery has no charging and discharging function, and the monitoring of power storage is only the battery activation item in the FTU point table. In fact, this point is not associated with the device alarm item, and battery activation monitoring cannot be carried out. The automated terminal has very high requirements for batteries, especially the alarms after the incoming call closing and tripping require the battery to support related functions, but the current damage rate of nearly 6% and the long-term non-implementation of battery charging and discharging work have affected the normal operation of the terminal.

[0006] In view of the increasing requirements for the practical application of distribution network automation systems, the operating conditions of automation terminals are increasingly affecting the overall function of distribution network automation FA. As the terminal service life increases, terminal problems and battery management problems are gradually exposed. Therefore, it is necessary to combine battery management and terminal monitoring and diagnosis management to develop a FTU diagnostic monitoring device, focusing on solving the problems of FTU being unable to be tested on site, unable to diagnose FTU abnormalities, circuit abnormalities, and battery operating conditions. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a diagnostic monitoring device for FTU in view of the technical defects of the prior art, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the FTU cannot be tested on site, and the abnormality of the FTU, the abnormality of the circuit and the operating condition of the battery cannot be diagnosed.

[0008] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A diagnostic monitoring device for an FTU comprises a digital quantity generating module, an analog quantity input module, a first aviation plug interface, a data selector, an analog multiplexer, an analog circuit breaker, a second aviation plug interface, a battery module, and a battery detection module, wherein the digital quantity generating module is connected to the data selector, the first aviation plug interface is connected to the circuit breaker, the analog quantity input module and the first aviation plug interface are respectively connected to the analog multiplexer, the analog circuit breaker is respectively connected to the data selector and the analog multiplexer, the data selector and the analog multiplexer are respectively connected to the second aviation plug interface, the second aviation plug interface is connected to the FTU, the battery module is connected to the battery detection module, and the battery detection module is connected to the second aviation plug interface.

[0010] Preferably, the analog multiplexer receives the output after voltage division processing, and the FPGA sends an address signal to select the output channel.

[0011] Preferably, the model of the analog multiplexer is TMUX1104; the analog multiplexer isolates two channels, and each channel uses an independent operational amplifier buffer circuit, and the isolated operational amplifier model used is AMC1350.

[0012] Preferably, the digital quantity generation module is an FPGA-based FT3 frame sending device, and the digital quantity generation module includes an interface module, a secondary cache module, a data encoding module, a primary cache module, and a data judgment module. During the transmission of the FT3 frame, the configuration data is processed to form an FT3 code stream output.

[0013] Preferably, the interface module receives configuration data outputted externally, the configuration data including configuration words and a FT3 frame of a preset format, the configuration words including the frame length, FT3 frame output mode, clock count value and FT3 frame trigger mode of the FT3 frame of the preset format; when the data judgment module determines that the FT3 frame of the preset format is valid, the secondary cache module performs secondary cache on the FT3 frame of the preset format; when the data judgment module determines that the length of the data stored in the secondary cache module is an integer multiple of the frame length of the FT3 frame of the preset format, the data encoding module encodes the data stored in the secondary cache module according to the FT3 frame output mode and the clock count value to generate an FT3 code stream, and outputs it to the primary cache module; the primary cache module outputs the FT3 code stream according to the FT3 frame trigger mode.

[0014] Preferably, the interface module uses 8 data lines, 1 clock line and 1 response line to receive the configuration data output by the external PC or CPU. The interface module adopts a link port interface and completes the reception of the configuration data through the SPI, USB, and CAN bus interfaces; the secondary cache module is composed of a two-level synchronous pipeline FIFO and is used to receive the data sent by the interface module; the primary cache module is composed of a one-level synchronous pipeline FIFO and is used to receive the data encoded by the data encoding module.

[0015] Preferably, the specific way in which the data judgment module judges whether it is valid is: the module judges whether the FT3 frame of the preset format in the configuration data uses the frame header of the preset FT3 frame. When the data judgment module judges that the FT3 frame of the preset format in the configuration data uses the frame header of the preset FT3 frame, the FT3 frame of the preset format is considered to be valid. At this time, the interface module is allowed to send the preset FT3 frame to the secondary cache module, and the secondary cache module performs secondary cache on the FT3 frame of the preset format.

[0016] Preferably, the data selector includes an interface module and a data selection logic module; the data selector implements timing constraints by setting clock frequency, input and output delays, and multi-path delays; the data selector is provided with a synchronizer; the data selector performs triple-mode redundancy on the selected memory, sends the judgment result to other modules for use, and judges the results of the three redundant domains at the same time. When an error occurs in one redundant domain, the data stored in the memory is updated using the judgment result.

[0017] Preferably, the battery detection module includes a main control unit and an automatic discharge module. The main control unit obtains data from the underlying slave units and connects to the top-level application to display the data in real time. After troubleshooting, the main control unit sends instructions to the slave units to decide whether to perform equalization processing; the automatic discharge module includes an electronic switching switch and a constant current electronic load. At the beginning of discharge, the automatic discharge module first connects the capacitor group and the battery group in parallel, then isolates the battery group from the DC system, and enables the electronic load for discharge. When the discharge capacity test of the battery group is completed, the battery group is put into use according to the preset instructions.

[0018] Preferably, the battery detection module also includes a communication module, which realizes data transmission between the lower computer and the upper computer; the communication module adopts an integrated RF antenna, uses pins TXD and RXD to exchange data with the microcontroller, controls the sending and canceling requests through DTR and PWR, transmits data to FTU, and uses the communication unit of FTU to communicate with the main station.

[0019] The present invention provides a diagnostic monitoring device for FTU. The technical solution establishes the relevant functions realized by the FTU device circuit and the diagnostic monitoring mechanism, clarifies the alarm mode of the power module, processor, and communication module based on FPGA digital quantity generation and data selection, and then develops the alarm equipment of the corresponding module, which can respond to the problems of the FTU device in time and put forward the diagnostic basis and phenomenon. At the same time, the present invention completes the design of the battery management main control unit, realizes the application of battery internal resistance detection technology, automatic discharge module management technology, and battery abnormality diagnosis technology, and cooperates to realize the on-site monitoring and control of the battery. On this basis, the composition principle and structure of the final device are clarified, and the application of FTU online diagnosis and battery management device is realized. The present invention can be widely used in distribution automation FTU monitoring. In view of the problem that the hood-type FTU is not convenient for maintenance and online abnormality monitoring, it can ensure that the level of automated terminal management application is improved while investing a small amount of money.

[0020] The present invention aims at the current status of distribution automation terminals, and fully considers the current situation that the terminals are dispersed and the existing monitoring and diagnosis methods do not meet the operation and maintenance requirements. It monitors and manages batteries for the hood-type FTUs in the full standard aerial plug-in mode, improves the self-inspection and diagnosis capabilities of the device, strengthens the level of intelligent monitoring and early warning, greatly improves the diversity of applicable scenarios of the device and the advancement of management efficiency, and is very innovative. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a circuit schematic diagram of the isolated operational amplifier AMC1350 in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a circuit schematic diagram of the analog multiplexer TMUX1104 in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a working principle diagram of the digital quantity generating module in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a working principle diagram of the main control unit in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a working principle diagram of the automatic discharge module in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. In order to avoid too much unnecessary details, the well-known structures or functions will not be described in detail in the following examples. The approximate language used in the following examples can be used for quantitative expression, indicating that the quantity can be allowed to have a certain change without changing the basic function. Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used in the following examples have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0028] A diagnostic monitoring device for a FTU, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a digital quantity generation module, an analog quantity input module, a first aviation plug interface, a data selector, an analog multiplexer, an analog circuit breaker, a second aviation plug interface, a battery module, and a battery detection module, wherein the digital quantity generation module is connected to the data selector, the first aviation plug interface is connected to the circuit breaker, the analog quantity input module and the first aviation plug interface are respectively connected to the analog multiplexer, the analog circuit breaker is respectively connected to the data selector and the analog multiplexer, the data selector and the analog multiplexer are respectively connected to the second aviation plug interface, the second aviation plug interface is connected to the FTU, the battery module is connected to the battery detection module, and the battery detection module is connected to the second aviation plug interface.

[0029] The equipment occupies a space of about 8dm in terms of structural design. 3, which can replace the battery part of the original FTU. The side of the device is equipped with 26-core, 14-core and 10-core aviation plug interfaces to adapt to the different definitions of each pin of the aviation plug of different types of FTU, ensuring that the device can be compatible with more types of FTU equipment. The front is equipped with an interface for applying analog quantities to the relay protection instrument. This design allows the analog quantity to be applied by external devices and transmitted to the FTU when facing non-digital equipment. For digital equipment, the device is integrated with a digital quantity generating device that sends FT3 frames. Users can adjust the input quantity through the LCD screen in front, which is convenient for flexible digital signal transmission. The internal analog circuit breaker can be controlled by the handle, remote control and the opening and closing buttons on the device panel. The device is integrated with a battery and its detection device, which can monitor the status of the battery in real time to ensure its reliability and stability during operation. The device can be powered by a 220V AC power supply or by an internal battery, providing dual power supply guarantee to meet the needs of different application scenarios. The device not only focuses on compactness and functionality in structural design, but also makes comprehensive considerations in terms of ease of operation and compatibility. It ensures that the equipment can be seamlessly connected with most FTU devices on the market, thus increasing the application breadth of the equipment.

[0030] According to the structural characteristics, operating status, connection characteristics of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker combined with FTU and control aviation plug, from the FTU device circuit and wiring principle, battery operating principle, terminal data transmission method, etc., the following technical nodes are included.

[0031] 1. FTU device circuit and diagnostic monitoring mechanism

[0032] Analyze various abnormalities that may occur during FTU operation and the corresponding monitoring methods, provide detailed diagnostic processes and judgment conclusions for various problems, and send terminal abnormal conditions through FTU point tables;

[0033] During the operation of FTU, various abnormalities may occur, including power module damage or unstable power supply, abnormalities caused by processor damage due to overheating, read and write abnormalities caused by FLASH damage, communication disconnection caused by communication module damage, crash caused by operating system or software crash, and telemetry abnormalities caused by ADMU damage.

[0034] Power module abnormality: including power module damage or unstable power supply voltage. There is a message interaction mechanism between the MCU of the FTU and the power board. When the MCU does not receive a reply from the power module for a long time after sending a message, and still does not receive a reply after actively communicating with the power module, the system will generate a remote signal of "power module communication abnormality". In addition, the power module will collect the DC bus voltage. When the voltage is lower than 5V and lasts for 10 seconds, the system will send a remote signal of "DC bus voltage abnormality". These mechanisms can detect and report power module problems in a timely manner to ensure the reliable operation of the system.

[0035] Processor abnormality: usually caused by overheating or other hardware failures. The core board of the FTU is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor, which can monitor the temperature and humidity of the equipment's operating environment and regularly report telemetry data of temperature and humidity. Although the relevant telesignaling has not yet been set for this point, through software design, telesignals can be generated based on changes in temperature and humidity. In addition, other criteria, such as whether telesignals and telemetry data are reported normally, can be combined to determine whether the processor has problems due to abnormal ambient temperature and humidity. This method helps prevent system failures caused by processor overheating.

[0036] FLASH abnormality: The relevant parameter values ​​of FTU are stored in FLASH, and FLASH damage will cause data reading failure. Currently, no relevant telesignal is set for this point. However, through software design, relevant telesignals can be generated after reading failure to promptly remind maintenance personnel to check and replace the damaged FLASH module. This ensures the correct storage and reading of key parameters and prevents system failures caused by data damage.

[0037] (Digital FTU) ADMU abnormality: will cause abnormal telemetry data and the protection function will not start normally. When the ADMU is damaged or the connection with the FTU is disconnected, the FTU will not be able to receive the signal from the ADMU, and the telemeter will display "ADMU not connected". In addition, the ADMU may have frame loss, resulting in abnormal telemetry readings. This can be determined by monitoring FT3 check errors and FT3 frame loss.

[0038] Communication module: used to communicate with the master station. If it is abnormal, it will be displayed as offline on the master station side. In order to ensure the normal operation of the communication module, communication abnormalities can be discovered and handled in time through periodic communication testing and status monitoring. This helps to maintain smooth data transmission between the FTU and the master station and improve the reliability of the system.

[0039] System software anomalies: including crashes caused by operating system or application software crashes. A watchdog mechanism is designed inside the FTU. When the system or application crashes, the timer inside the watchdog will time out and reset the system. Currently, no relevant telesignals have been set, but the design can generate a trace log or telesignal when the watchdog is reset, and combine the log file to determine the abnormality of the system software. By recording and analyzing this information, software anomalies can be identified in a timely manner, and appropriate measures can be taken to repair them.

[0040] Determine the judgment method of FTU on-site experiment and related conclusions, and provide the diagnosis basis of terminal problems in combination with simulated circuit breakers;

[0041] The on-site test of FTU mainly tests the telemetry, remote control and remote signaling functions. Through these tests, the accuracy and reliability of FTU in actual operation can be ensured.

[0042] For digital FTU telemetry testing, the FT3 signal of the circuit breaker ADMU can be shielded and a digital quantity can be applied to the FTU using a detection device. Subsequently, the telemetry data of the FTU is read and compared with the applied digital quantity to determine whether there is an abnormality in the telemetry reading. Since the telemetry data of the digital FTU comes from the FT3 frame transmitted by the ADMU, there is no accuracy problem with the FTU itself. Therefore, if there is a deviation in the telemetry reading, it should be considered whether there is a frame loss problem in the FT3 signal, the possibility of damage to the ADMU device, and whether there is a problem with the accuracy of the PT / CT itself. By analyzing these factors in detail, the specific cause of the abnormal telemetry data can be determined and corresponding corrective measures can be taken.

[0043] For non-digital FTUs, the maintenance device also provides related interfaces such as voltage, current, remote control and telesignaling, which can be used for additional testing through the relay protection instrument. The non-digital FTU itself has the ai.cc telemetry calibration file. If voltage, current or power phase deviation occurs during the telemetry test, consider testing after calibration.

[0044] When conducting a remote control test, you can shield the FTU's opening and closing pulses and use a simulated circuit breaker to test whether the FTU's opening and closing pulses can be issued normally. Under normal circumstances, the simulated circuit breaker should be able to be controlled by the opening and closing pulse signal issued by the FTU to achieve opening and closing actions. If the simulated circuit breaker does not work normally, it is necessary to check whether the FTU can send the opening and closing pulses normally. The specific method is to detect whether there is a voltage change after the pulse is sent. If there is no voltage change, it means that the problem is on the FTU side; if there is a voltage change, it means that the circuit breaker cannot normally receive the pulse signal sent by the FTU. In this way, problems in the remote control signal transmission process can be accurately determined and effectively repaired.

[0045] After confirming that there are no problems with the telemetering and remote control functions, the remote signaling function of the FTU can be tested through the maintenance device. The specific method is to put the required protection function into operation and apply the corresponding digital quantity. The FTU will send the relevant remote signal according to the test results. Then, by comparing the sent remote signal with the actual situation of the on-site operation, it can be checked whether the remote signaling function of the FTU is normal.

[0046] Implementation plan:

[0047] Analog multiplexing device

[0048] For non-digital FTU, it is necessary to select an output to the FTU between the analog quantities input by the circuit breaker and the detection device. For the rated input quantity of 100V / 5A, considering the voltage resistance range of the operational amplifier and the multiplexer, the quantity needs to be divided first, that is, a voltage divider circuit is designed. After the output quantity is given to the analog multiplexer, the FPGA sends an address signal to select the final output channel.

[0049] In the front stage of the circuit, the interference between the two channels needs to be considered, and the two channels need to be isolated. Each channel requires an independent op amp buffer circuit for signal amplification and isolation. AMC1350 is a high-performance isolated operational amplifier (such as Figure 2 ), designed for applications requiring high voltage isolation and high precision signal processing.

[0050] For analog multiplexers, many existing chips can meet the requirements, such as TMUX1104 (such as Figure 3 It is a high-performance, low on-resistance analog multiplexer. It is often used in applications that require signal switching, such as data acquisition, signal routing, and other systems that require multi-channel signal selection. It supports four-channel input and can select the output channel with A1A0.

[0051] Digital quantity generation device based on FPGA

[0052] Device design idea: The FPGA-based FT3 frame sending device can be specifically applied to the link layer protocol equipment in the smart grid. Figure 4 As shown, the structure includes an interface module, a secondary cache module, a data encoding module, a primary cache module, and a data judgment module. During the transmission of the FT3 frame, the configuration data is processed to form an FT3 code stream output. The transmission process of the above FT3 code stream can be compatible with various standard FT3 frame formats, including customized FT3 frames of various frame lengths, frame formats and frame rates.

[0053] Technical implementation method: the interface module receives configuration data outputted externally, the configuration data includes configuration words and a preset format FT3 frame, the configuration words include the frame length of the preset format FT3 frame, the FT3 frame output mode, the clock count value and the FT3 frame trigger mode; when the data judgment module determines that the preset format FT3 frame is valid, the secondary cache module performs secondary cache on the preset format FT3 frame; when the data judgment module determines that the length of the data stored in the secondary cache module is an integer multiple of the frame length of the preset format FT3 frame, the data encoding module encodes the data stored in the secondary cache module according to the FT3 frame output mode and the clock count value to generate an FT3 code stream, and outputs it to the primary cache module; the primary cache module outputs the FT3 code stream according to the FT3 frame trigger mode.

[0054] In terms of design, the interface module uses 8 data lines, 1 clock line and 1 response line to receive the configuration data output by the external PC or CPU. The interface module can use the link port interface, or SPI, USB, CAN bus interface, etc. to complete the reception of the configuration data. The secondary cache module is composed of a two-level synchronous pipeline FIFO, which is used to receive the data sent by the interface module; the primary cache module is composed of a one-level synchronous pipeline FIFO, which is used to receive the data encoded by the data encoding module. The specific way in which the data judgment module judges whether it is valid is as follows: the module judges whether the FT3 frame of the preset format in the configuration data uses the frame header of the preset FT3 frame. When the data judgment module judges that the FT3 frame of the preset format in the configuration data uses the frame header of the preset FT3 frame, the FT3 frame of the preset format is considered to be valid. At this time, the interface module is allowed to send the preset FT3 frame to the secondary cache module, and the secondary cache module performs secondary cache on the FT3 frame of the preset format.

[0055] Data Selector Based on FPGA

[0056] The FPGA-based data selector mainly includes an interface module and a data selection logic module. The design focuses on ensuring the accuracy of signal transmission and isolating the mutual interference between the two channels.

[0057] To ensure the correctness of signal transmission, we must first ensure timing constraints to ensure that all signals can be transmitted and stabilized within the specified time. Timing constraints include setting clock frequency, input and output delays, and multipath delays. Synchronizers can be used to avoid the uncertainty caused by cross-clock domain data transmission, and set the delay of input and output signals to ensure that data is correctly captured at the rising or falling edge of the clock. Secondly, triple-mode redundancy can be used to improve accuracy, that is, triple-mode redundancy is performed on the selected memory, and the judgment result is sent to other modules for use. At the same time, the results of the three redundant domains are judged. Once an error occurs in one redundant domain, the judgment result is used to update the data stored in the memory and correct the error.

[0058] As a digital signal, the FT3 frame has little interference between the two channels. As an analog signal, the opening and closing pulses may interfere with each other. In this regard, a filter is added to the analog front end to remove noise interference, and a buffer is added to the signal path to enhance the signal driving capability and reduce reflection and crosstalk. In addition, a decoupling capacitor is placed between the power supply and the ground to reduce the interference of power supply noise on the signal.

[0059] 2. FTU battery management device

[0060] Main control unit design: The main control unit is the core part of the entire management system responsible for high-speed computing and communication transmission. On the one hand, it is responsible for obtaining various data from the underlying slave units, and on the other hand, it connects with the top-level application program to display data in real time for analysis and early warning. After troubleshooting, it will issue instructions to the slave units in a targeted manner to determine whether balancing is required, thereby achieving the system's battery management goals. Figure 5 shown.

[0061] Battery internal resistance detection technology: The battery monitoring device of the distribution network automation terminal adopts high-speed acquisition technology. The acquisition unit can use a high-precision 24-bit AD converter to ensure that the current and voltage accuracy of the acquisition can reach 0.1 level, and obtain the voltage change curve under the internal resistance test condition. The internal resistance of the battery can be calculated through the internal resistance calculation formula to identify the battery fault problem in time. At the same time, the device will correct abnormal data in time according to the internal algorithm design.

[0062] Automatic discharge module: This device consists of a high-power electronic switch and a constant current electronic load. It can perform constant current discharge according to different types of batteries and calculate the actual capacity of the battery. At the beginning of discharge, the module first connects the capacitor bank and the battery bank in parallel, then isolates the battery bank from the DC system, and enables the electronic load for discharge to ensure that the original DC system still has a backup power supply. When the discharge capacity test of the battery bank is completed, the system will put the battery bank into operation according to the preset strategy and return to the original working mode. Figure 6 shown.

[0063] Communication module: The battery availability monitoring system is mainly composed of the battery monitoring module of the lower computer, the communication module and the background monitoring module of the upper computer. The lower computer monitoring module is responsible for collecting various parameter data of the battery, and the communication module realizes data transmission between the lower computer and the upper computer. The module design can use an integrated RF antenna, use the pins TXD and RXD to exchange data with the microcontroller, and DTR and PWR are used to control the sending and canceling requests, transmit data to FTU, and use the communication unit of FTU to communicate with the main station.

[0064] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the scope of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diagnostic monitoring device for FTU, characterized in that It includes a digital quantity generation module, an analog quantity input module, a first aviation plug interface, a data selector, an analog multiplexer, an analog circuit breaker, a second aviation plug interface, a battery module, and a battery detection module, wherein the digital quantity generation module is connected to the data selector, the first aviation plug interface is connected to the circuit breaker, the analog quantity input module and the first aviation plug interface are respectively connected to the analog multiplexer, the analog circuit breaker is respectively connected to the data selector and the analog multiplexer, the data selector and the analog multiplexer are respectively connected to the second aviation plug interface, the second aviation plug interface is connected to the FTU, the battery module is connected to the battery detection module, and the battery detection module is connected to the second aviation plug interface.

2. A diagnostic monitoring device for FTU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analog multiplexer receives the output after voltage division, and the FPGA sends an address signal to select an output channel.

3. The diagnostic monitoring device of a FTU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model of the analog multiplexer is TMUX1104; the analog multiplexer isolates two channels, and each channel uses an independent operational amplifier buffer circuit, and the isolated operational amplifier model used is AMC1350.

4. The diagnostic monitoring device of a FTU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital quantity generation module is a FPGA-based FT3 frame sending device, and the digital quantity generation module includes an interface module, a secondary cache module, a data encoding module, a primary cache module, and a data judgment module. During the FT3 frame sending process, the configuration data is processed to form an FT3 code stream output.

5. A diagnostic monitoring device for FTU according to claim 4, characterized in that: The interface module receives configuration data outputted externally, the configuration data including configuration words and a FT3 frame of a preset format, the configuration words including a frame length of the FT3 frame of the preset format, an FT3 frame output mode, a clock count value, and an FT3 frame trigger mode; When the data judgment module determines that the FT3 frame of the preset format is valid, the secondary cache module performs secondary cache on the FT3 frame of the preset format; when the data judgment module determines that the length of the data stored in the secondary cache module is an integer multiple of the frame length of the FT3 frame of the preset format, the data encoding module encodes the data stored in the secondary cache module according to the FT3 frame output mode and the clock count value to generate an FT3 code stream, and outputs it to the primary cache module; the primary cache module outputs the FT3 code stream according to the FT3 frame trigger mode.

6. A diagnostic monitoring device for FTU according to claim 5, characterized in that: The interface module uses 8 data lines, 1 clock line and 1 response line to receive the configuration data output by the external PC or CPU. The interface module adopts the link port interface and completes the reception of the configuration data through the SPI, USB and CAN bus interfaces. The secondary cache module is composed of two-level synchronous pipeline FIFOs and is used to receive the data sent by the interface module. The primary cache module is composed of one-level synchronous pipeline FIFO and is used to receive the data encoded by the data encoding module.

7. The diagnostic monitoring device for FTU according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific way in which the data judgment module judges whether it is valid is: the module judges whether the FT3 frame of the preset format in the configuration data uses the frame header of the preset FT3 frame. When the data judgment module judges that the FT3 frame of the preset format in the configuration data uses the frame header of the preset FT3 frame, the FT3 frame of the preset format is considered to be valid. At this time, the interface module is allowed to send the preset FT3 frame to the secondary cache module, and the secondary cache module performs secondary cache on the FT3 frame of the preset format.

8. The diagnostic monitoring device for FTU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data selector includes an interface module and a data selection logic module; the data selector implements timing constraints by setting clock frequency, input and output delays, and multi-path delays; the data selector is provided with a synchronizer; the data selector performs triple-mode redundancy on the selected memory, sends the judgment result to other modules for use, and judges the results of the three redundant domains at the same time. When an error occurs in one redundant domain, the data stored in the memory is updated using the judgment result.

9. The diagnostic monitoring device for FTU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery detection module includes a main control unit and an automatic discharge module. The main control unit obtains data from the underlying slave units and connects to the top-level application to display the data in real time. After troubleshooting, the main control unit sends instructions to the slave units to decide whether to perform equalization processing; the automatic discharge module includes an electronic switching switch and a constant current electronic load. At the beginning of discharge, the automatic discharge module first connects the capacitor group and the battery group in parallel, then isolates the battery group from the DC system, and enables the electronic load for discharge. When the discharge capacity test of the battery group is completed, the battery group is put into use according to the preset instructions.

10. A diagnostic monitoring device for FTU according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery detection module also includes a communication module, which realizes data transmission between the lower computer and the upper computer; the communication module adopts an integrated radio frequency antenna, uses pins TXD and RXD to exchange data with the microcontroller, controls the sending and canceling requests through DTR and PWR, transmits data to FTU, and uses the communication unit of FTU to communicate with the main station.

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