Manufacturing method of super-structure optical element, super-structure optical element and optical device

Abstract

The invention provides a manufacturing method of a super-structure optical element, the super-structure optical element and an optical device. The manufacturing method of the super-structure optical element comprises the following steps: a step of propagating light with arbitrary phase distribution towards a light collecting surface; a step of obtaining the simulation intensity of the light in the light-focusing surface by simulation; a step for generating an error function on the basis of error data, which is the difference between the simulated intensity of the light and the abnormal intensity of the light; obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the light with the minimum function value of the output error function by using a gradient descent method; and a step of forming a metamaterial optical element capable of achieving an optimal phase distribution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a meta-optical element, a meta-optical element manufactured using the meta-optical element, and an optical device including the meta-optical element. More specifically, the present invention relates to an optical device for providing visual information, a meta-optical element included in the optical device, and a method for manufacturing the meta-optical element. Background Art

[0002] With the development of information technology, the importance of display devices as a connection medium between users and information is increasing. For example, the use of display devices such as liquid crystal display devices (LCD), organic light emitting display devices (OLED), plasma display devices (PDP), quantum dot display devices, etc. is increasing.

[0003] In recent years, there has been a demand for miniaturization of the display device, and therefore attempts have been made to realize a flat and thin optical element based on a metasurface. Summary of the invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a meta-optical element that can achieve an optimized design of a meta-optical element that improves chromatic aberration.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a meta-optical element with improved chromatic aberration.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an optical device comprising the meta-optical element.

[0007] However, the purpose of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned purpose, and various extensions can be made without departing from the scope of the idea and field of the present invention.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned one purpose of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a meta-optical element involved in an embodiment of the present invention may include: a step of propagating light with an arbitrary phase distribution toward a focusing surface; a step of obtaining a simulated intensity of the light in the focusing surface through simulation; a step of generating an error function based on error data which is a difference between the simulated intensity of the light and an abnormal intensity of the light; a step of applying a gradient descent method to obtain an optimal phase distribution of the light that outputs a minimum function value of the error function; and a step of forming a meta-optical element capable of achieving the optimal phase distribution.

[0009] In one embodiment, the step of applying the gradient descent method to obtain the optimal phase distribution of the light may include: calculating a slope in a direction in which an output result of the error function minimizes a function value.

[0010] In one embodiment, in the step of calculating the inclination, an error function optimization process is performed to recalculate the inclination by multiplying the value of the adjustment parameter on the pre-calculated inclination and adding it to the variable of the error function, and the error function optimization process is repeatedly performed until the minimum function value of the error function is output.

[0011] In one embodiment, the steps of propagating the light toward the focusing surface, obtaining the simulated intensity of the light, generating the error function, and obtaining the optimal phase distribution may be repeatedly performed by changing the wavelength of the light.

[0012] In one embodiment, the optimal phase distribution may be a phase distribution capable of outputting the minimum function value of the error function according to the wavelength of the light.

[0013] In one embodiment, the optimal phase distribution when the wavelength band of the light is a red band, the optimal phase distribution when the wavelength band of the light is a green band, and the optimal phase distribution when the wavelength band of the light is a blue band are all the same.

[0014] In one embodiment, the optimal phase distribution may be a single phase distribution.

[0015] In one embodiment, the step of forming the meta-optical element may include: configuring a plurality of nanostructures on a substrate to form a geometric phase arrangement.

[0016] In one embodiment, the geometric phase arrangement may be a Pancharatnam-Berry phase arrangement.

[0017] In one embodiment, the arrangement direction of any one of the plurality of nanostructures may be different from the arrangement direction of at least another one of the plurality of nanostructures.

[0018] In one embodiment, the plurality of nanostructures may have the same structure as each other.

[0019] In one embodiment, the plurality of nanostructures may be formed of a material having a refractive index different from that of the substrate.

[0020] In order to achieve the other objectives of the present invention mentioned above, a meta-optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention may include: a substrate; and a plurality of nanostructures arranged on the substrate to form a geometric phase arrangement and having the same structure as each other.

[0021] In one embodiment, the geometric phase arrangement may be a Pancharatnam-Berry phase arrangement.

[0022] In one embodiment, the arrangement direction of any one of the plurality of nanostructures may be different from the arrangement direction of at least another one of the plurality of nanostructures.

[0023] In one embodiment, the plurality of nanostructures may be arranged on the substrate to focus light in a red wavelength band, light in a green wavelength band, and light in a blue wavelength band onto the same focusing surface.

[0024] In one embodiment, the refractive index of each of the plurality of nanostructures may be different from the refractive index of the substrate.

[0025] In order to achieve the above-mentioned another object of the present invention, an optical device involved in an embodiment of the present invention may include: a light source unit, emitting light; and a meta-optical element, arranged on the path of the light emitted from the light source unit, the meta-optical element including: a substrate; and a plurality of nanostructures, arranged on the substrate to form a geometric phase arrangement, having the same structure as each other.

[0026] In one embodiment, the arrangement direction of any one of the plurality of nanostructures may be different from the arrangement direction of at least another one of the plurality of nanostructures.

[0027] In one embodiment, the plurality of nanostructures may be arranged on the substrate to focus light in a red wavelength band, light in a green wavelength band, and light in a blue wavelength band onto the same focusing surface.

[0028] In one embodiment, the light source unit may include: a first electrode; a second electrode disposed on the first electrode and opposite to the first electrode; and a light-emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a light-emitting material.

[0029] (Effects of the Invention)

[0030] In the meta-optical element involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the meta-optical element may include the plurality of nanostructures configured to form a geometric phase arrangement and having the same structure as each other. Thus, the difference in characteristics of the light passing through and related to the position of the meta-optical element can be reduced or prevented. In addition, the meta-optical element can substantially focus the light in the red band, the light in the green band, and the light in the blue band onto the same focusing plane. Therefore, chromatic aberration can be improved.

[0031] In addition, according to the manufacturing method of the meta-optical element involved in the embodiment of the present invention, a single optimal phase distribution that is equally applicable to light of various wavelength bands can be obtained by using the gradient descent method, so it is not necessary to obtain multiple phase distributions according to wavelengths. Therefore, the optimal design of the meta-optical element for improving chromatic aberration can be achieved.

[0032] However, the effects of the present invention are not limited to the above effects, and various extensions can be made within the scope of the idea and field of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic stereoscopic diagram for explaining a meta-optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is used to illustrate Figure 1 Flow chart of a method for manufacturing a meta-optical element.

[0035] Figure 3 It is used to illustrate Figure 2 A graph showing an example of the simulated intensity and abnormal intensity of light considered in the method for manufacturing a meta-optical element.

[0036] Figure 4 It is used to illustrate that Figure 1 A diagram of an example of an optical device of a meta-optical element.

[0037] Figure 5 It is used to illustrate Figure 1 A diagram showing an example of a light source portion included in an optical device.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a block diagram showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 It is implemented by smart phone Figure 6 A diagram of an example of an electronic device.

[0040] Explanation of symbols:

[0041] MOE: meta-optical element; SUB: substrate; NS: nanostructure; LP: light source; OD: optical device; E1: first electrode; EML: light-emitting layer; E2: second electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals are used for the same components in the drawings, and repeated description of the same components is omitted.

[0043] Regarding the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, the description of specific structures and functions is merely exemplified for explaining the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0044] The present invention may have various changes and various forms, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail herein. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to a specific disclosed form, and it should be understood that all changes, equivalents and substitutes included in the concept and technical scope of the present invention are included.

[0045] The terms "first" and "second" can be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited to the terms. The terms are only used to distinguish one component from other components. For example, without exceeding the scope of the present invention, the first component can be named as the second component, and similarly, the second component can also be named as the first component.

[0046] Unless it is explicitly mentioned that the steps constituting the method should be performed in the order described, they can be performed in an appropriate order. In addition, the use of all illustrative terms (such as, etc.) is purely for the purpose of describing the technical ideas in detail, and unless otherwise limited by the claims, they should not be used to limit the scope of rights.

[0047] The terms used in this application are used solely to illustrate specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. A singular expression includes a plurality of expressions unless otherwise expressly stated in the text. In this application, the terms "including" or "having" should be understood to refer to the existence of the recorded features, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof, and do not exclude in advance the existence or additional possibility of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Such terms as defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted as an overly idealized or overly formal meaning unless clearly defined in this application.

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic stereoscopic diagram for explaining a meta-optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 The meta-optical element MOE involved in one embodiment of the present invention may be a diffraction element that modulates the phase of incident light. For example, the meta-optical element MOE may focus the incident light. The meta-optical element MOE may include a substrate SUB and a plurality of nanostructures NS.

[0051] The nanostructure NS may form a refractive index distribution showing a phase retardation curve for achieving desired optical performance with respect to light of a desired wavelength band.

[0052] The substrate SUB may support the nanostructure NS. In one embodiment, the substrate SUB may be a transparent substrate. For example, the substrate SUB may be a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, a silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) substrate or a polymer substrate such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate), PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane). However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto.

[0053] The nanostructure NS may include c-Si, p-Si, a-Si, III-V compound semiconductors (GaP, GaN, GaAs, etc.), SiC, TiO 2 , SiN, etc. These substances may be used alone or in combination with each other.

[0054] The nanostructure NS may be arranged on the substrate SUB to form a geometric phase arrangement. For example, the nanostructure NS may be arranged on the substrate SUB to form a geometric phase lens. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. In one embodiment, the geometric phase arrangement may be a Pancharatnam-Berry phase arrangement.

[0055] Specifically, an arrangement direction of any one of the plurality of nanostructures NS may be different from an arrangement direction of at least another one of the plurality of nanostructures NS.

[0056] That is, the nanostructures NS may be arranged at various angles with respect to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction on the substrate SUB. Thus, the nanostructures NS may be arranged on the substrate SUB to form a geometric phase arrangement.

[0057] On the other hand, the nanostructures NS disposed on the substrate SUB may have the same structure as each other. Here, "structure" may refer to the shape, size, material, etc. of each of the nanostructures NS. Specifically, "structure" may be a term that comprehensively refers to the remaining characteristics except the arrangement direction of each of the nanostructures NS.

[0058] That is, the nanostructures NS disposed on the substrate SUB may have all the same properties except for the arrangement direction. Figure 1 As shown, the nanostructure NS may have a quadrangular column shape having a length and a height of one side that are the same as each other.

[0059] However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. For another example, the nanostructure NS may also have a cylindrical shape having the same diameter and height, or a columnar shape having the same cross-sectional shape, and may also be a polygon, an ellipse, or other various shapes other than a quadrilateral.

[0060] In one embodiment, the refractive index of each of the nanostructures NS and the refractive index of the substrate SUB may be different from each other. For example, the nanostructure NS may be formed to have a higher refractive index than the substrate SUB. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto, and the nanostructure NS may also be formed to have a lower refractive index than the substrate SUB.

[0061] The light passing through the meta-optical element MOE can be substantially focused on the same focusing surface regardless of the wavelength. That is, when the wavelength of the light passing through the meta-optical element MOE is a red wavelength, a green wavelength, or a blue wavelength, the light passing through the meta-optical element MOE can be substantially focused on the same focusing surface.

[0062] In addition, when the light passing through the meta-optical element MOE is a mixture of light in the red band, light in the green band, and light in the blue band, the light passing through the meta-optical element MOE can also be substantially focused onto a focusing surface.

[0063] In the meta-optical element MOE involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the meta-optical element MOE can be configured to form a geometric phase arrangement, including the nanostructures NS having the same structure as each other. Thereby, the characteristic difference of the light passing through and the position of the meta-optical element MOE can be reduced or prevented. In addition, the meta-optical element MOE can substantially focus the light in the red band, the light in the green band, and the light in the blue band onto the same focusing plane. Therefore, chromatic aberration can be improved.

[0064] Figure 2 It is used to illustrate Figure 1 Flow chart of a method for manufacturing a meta-optical element. Figure 3 It is used to illustrate Figure 2 A graph showing an example of the simulated intensity and abnormal intensity of light considered in the method for manufacturing a meta-optical element.

[0065] Further reference is made to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , describing a method for manufacturing the meta-optical element MOE according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Reference Figure 2 A method for manufacturing the meta-optical element MOE involved in one embodiment of the present invention may include a step S100 of propagating light with an arbitrary phase distribution toward a focusing surface, a step S200 of obtaining a simulated intensity of the light in the focusing surface through simulation, a step S300 of generating an error function based on error data which is a difference between the simulated intensity of the light and an abnormal intensity of the light, a step S400 of applying a gradient descent method to obtain an optimal phase distribution of the light that outputs a minimum function value of the error function, and a step S500 of forming a meta-optical element capable of achieving the optimal phase distribution.

[0067] According to the method for manufacturing the meta-optical element MOE involved in an embodiment of the present invention, the light having the arbitrary phase distribution may be propagated toward the light-collecting surface (S100). For example, a light source may be used to propagate the light toward the light-collecting surface.

[0068] The light propagating to the light-focusing surface may have a specific wavelength band, for example, the wavelength band of the light may be approximately 420 nm to approximately 480 nm, for another example, the wavelength band of the light may be approximately 500 nm to approximately 580 nm, for another example, the wavelength band of the light may be approximately 600 nm to approximately 670 nm.

[0069] That is, for example, the light propagating to the light-collecting surface may have a blue wavelength band, for another example, the light propagating to the light-collecting surface may have a green wavelength band, and for another example, the light propagating to the light-collecting surface may have a red wavelength band.

[0070] Next, the simulated intensity of the light in the light-collecting surface may be obtained ( S200 ). For example, any simulation tool may be used to perform simulation to obtain the simulated intensity of the light propagating to the light-collecting surface.

[0071] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the simulated intensity of the light propagating to the light-collecting surface can be varied according to the coordinates on the light-collecting surface. Figure 3 The simulated intensity of the light shown is merely an example and may be changed in various ways.

[0072] Next, an error function may be generated based on error data that is a difference between the simulated intensity of the light and the abnormal intensity of the light ( S300 ).

[0073] At this time, the abnormal intensity of the light may represent the intensity when the light forms an image on the focusing surface until the diffraction limit called an Airy disk. For example, the abnormal intensity of the light may be as follows: Figure 3 That is, the abnormal intensity of the light may be in a form in which the intensity is concentrated in the central part of the focusing surface.

[0074] The error data may be data obtained by calculating the difference between the simulated intensity of the light and the abnormal intensity of the light based on the coordinates on the light-collecting surface. For example, the error data may be data obtained by quantifying the degree to which the simulated intensity of the light exceeds the abnormal intensity of the light.

[0075] After the error data is obtained, the error function may be generated based on the arbitrary phase distribution and the error data. That is, the error function may be generated using the arbitrary phase distribution as a parameter.

[0076] Next, a gradient descent method is applied to obtain the optimal phase distribution of the light that outputs the minimum function value of the error function (S400).

[0077] At this time, the gradient descent method is one of the methods used when learning machine learning algorithms and deep learning algorithms. It is a method of finding the minimum function value through multiple steps on the error function.

[0078] For example, the gradient descent method may include the following process, i.e., finding the inclination for the initial time point, and converging the inclination by moving in the opposite direction of the inclination, thereby reducing the error. In other words, the step S400 of obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the light may include the step of calculating the inclination in the direction of minimizing the function value of the output result of the error function.

[0079] For example, if the inclination of the current position of the error function is a negative number, the parameter of the error function (e.g., the arbitrary phase distribution) is increased to converge the inclination. In addition, if the inclination of the current position of the error function is a positive number, the parameter of the error function (e.g., the arbitrary phase distribution) is reduced to converge the inclination. Thus, the minimum function value of the error function can be found, and the phase distribution of the light that outputs the minimum function value of the error function can be obtained. That is, the optimal phase distribution of the light can represent the phase distribution at which the function value of the error function becomes the minimum.

[0080] Specifically, in the step of calculating the inclination, an error function optimization process may be performed to recalculate the inclination by multiplying the value of the adjustment parameter by the pre-calculated inclination and adding it to the variable (e.g., phase distribution) of the error function. In addition, the error function optimization process may be repeatedly performed until the minimum function value of the error function is output.

[0081] In other words, according to the manufacturing method of the meta-optical element MOE involved in an embodiment of the present invention, the gradient descent method can be applied to continuously update the arbitrary phase distribution of the light, and the step S100 of propagating the light toward the focusing surface, the step S200 of obtaining the simulated intensity of the light, the step S300 of generating the error function, and the step S400 of obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the light can be repeatedly executed.

[0082] In one embodiment, the wavelength of the light may be changed to repeatedly perform step S100 of propagating the light toward the focusing surface, step S200 of obtaining the simulated intensity of the light, step S300 of generating the error function, and step S400 of obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the light.

[0083] That is, according to the manufacturing method of the meta-optical element MOE involved in an embodiment of the present invention, the gradient descent method can be applied to continuously update the arbitrary phase distribution of the light, and the step S100 of propagating the light toward the focusing surface, the step S200 of obtaining the simulated intensity of the light, the step S300 of generating the error function, and the step S400 of obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the light can be repeatedly performed. Therefore, the wavelength of the light can be changed to repeatedly perform the step S100 of propagating the light toward the focusing surface, the step S200 of obtaining the simulated intensity of the light, the step S300 of generating the error function, and the step S400 of obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the light.

[0084] Specifically, the wavelength band of the light is changed to repeatedly perform step S100 of propagating the light toward the focusing surface, step S200 of obtaining the simulated intensity of the light, step S300 of generating the error function, and step S400 of obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the light.

[0085] For example, step S100 of propagating the light toward the focusing surface, step S200 of obtaining the simulated intensity of the light, step S300 of generating the error function and step S400 of obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the light may be performed respectively for the case where the light has a wavelength band of approximately 420nm to approximately 480nm, the case where the light has a wavelength band of approximately 500nm to approximately 580nm and the case where the light has a wavelength band of approximately 600nm to approximately 670nm.

[0086] In other words, the step S100 of propagating the light toward the focusing surface, the step S200 of obtaining the simulated intensity of the light, the step S300 of generating the error function and the step S400 of obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the light can be performed respectively for the case where the light has a blue band, the case where the light has a green band and the case where the light has a red band.

[0087] Specifically, the light having a blue band can be taken as an object, and step S100 of propagating the light toward the focusing surface, step S200 of obtaining the simulated intensity of the light, step S300 of generating the error function, and step S400 of obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the light can be repeatedly performed to obtain the phase distribution of the light that outputs the minimum function value of the error function.

[0088] Next, the light having a green band can be taken as an object, and step S100 of propagating the light toward the focusing surface, step S200 of obtaining the simulated intensity of the light, step S300 of generating the error function, and step S400 of obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the light can be repeatedly performed to obtain the phase distribution of the light that outputs the minimum function value of the error function.

[0089] Next, the light having a red band can be taken as an object, and step S100 of propagating the light toward the focusing surface, step S200 of obtaining the simulated intensity of the light, step S300 of generating the error function, and step S400 of obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the light can be repeatedly performed to obtain the phase distribution of the light that outputs the minimum function value of the error function.

[0090] Based on this, the optimal phase distribution of the light can be obtained which satisfies all the phase distribution of the light that outputs the minimum function value of the error function when the light has a blue band, the phase distribution of the light that outputs the minimum function value of the error function when the light has a green band, and the phase distribution of the light that outputs the minimum function value of the error function when the light has a red band.

[0091] That is, the optimal phase distribution may be a phase distribution that can output the minimum function value of the error function according to the wavelength of the light. In other words, the optimal phase distribution when the wavelength band of the light is the red wavelength band, the optimal phase distribution when the wavelength band of the light is the green wavelength band, and the optimal phase distribution when the wavelength band of the light is the blue wavelength band may all be the same. Therefore, the optimal phase distribution may be a single phase distribution.

[0092] Next, the meta-optical element capable of achieving the optimal phase distribution may be formed ( S500 ).

[0093] Reference Figure 1 The step S500 of forming the meta-optical element may include the step of configuring the nanostructure NS on the substrate SUB. In one embodiment, the meta-optical element MOE may be manufactured by a common semiconductor process. For example, in order to form the meta-optical element MOE, a process of patterning the material layer after stacking a material layer to become the nanostructure NS on the substrate SUB may be performed.

[0094] The substrate SUB can be made of a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, a silicon oxide (SiO 2) substrate or a polymer substrate such as PET (polyethyleneterephthalate), PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate), or PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane).

[0095] The nanostructure NS can be made of c-Si, p-Si, a-Si, III-V compound semiconductors (GaP, GaN, GaAs, etc.), SiC, TiO 2 , SiN, etc.

[0096] In one embodiment, the substrate SUB and the nanostructure NS may be formed to have different refractive indices from each other. For example, the nanostructure NS may be formed to have a higher refractive index than the substrate SUB. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto, and the nanostructure NS may also be formed to have a lower refractive index than the substrate SUB.

[0097] The nanostructures NS may be arranged on the substrate SUB so that the meta-optical element MOE can achieve the optimal phase distribution obtained by the step S400 of obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the light. In other words, in the step S500 of forming the meta-optical element, the nanostructures NS may be arranged on the substrate SUB so that the meta-optical element MOE can achieve a single optimal phase distribution.

[0098] Thus, the light passing through the meta-optical element MOE can be substantially focused onto the same focusing surface regardless of the wavelength band. That is, in the case where the wavelength band of the light passing through the meta-optical element MOE is the red wavelength band, the green wavelength band, and the blue wavelength band, the light passing through the meta-optical element MOE is substantially focused onto the same focusing surface. In addition, in the case where the light passing through the meta-optical element MOE is a mixture of light in the red wavelength band, light in the green wavelength band, and light in the blue wavelength band, the light passing through the meta-optical element MOE is also substantially focused onto one focusing surface.

[0099] That is, in the step S500 of forming the meta-optical element, the nanostructure NS may be configured on the substrate SUB to form a geometric phase arrangement. For example, the nanostructure NS may be arranged on the substrate SUB to form a geometric phase lens. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. In one embodiment, the geometric phase arrangement may be a Pancharatnam-Berry phase arrangement.

[0100] Specifically, the arrangement direction of any one of the plurality of nanostructures NS may be different from the arrangement direction of at least another of the plurality of nanostructures NS. That is, each of the nanostructures NS may be arranged at various angles relative to the horizontal or vertical directions on the substrate SUB. Thus, the nanostructures NS may be configured to form a geometric phase arrangement.

[0101] On the other hand, the nanostructures NS disposed on the substrate SUB may be formed to have the same structure as each other. As described above, "structure" may refer to the shape, size, and material of each of the nanostructures NS. In other words, "structure" may be a term that comprehensively refers to the remaining characteristics except the arrangement direction of each of the nanostructures NS.

[0102] That is, the nanostructures NS disposed on the substrate SUB may be formed to have the same properties except for the arrangement direction. Figure 1 As shown, the nanostructure NS may be formed in a quadrangular column shape having a length and a height of one side that are identical to each other.

[0103] However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. For another example, the nanostructure NS may be formed into a cylindrical shape having the same diameter and height, or may be formed into a columnar shape having the same columnar shape and a cross-sectional shape other than a quadrilateral, an ellipse, or other various shapes.

[0104] According to the manufacturing method of the meta-optical element MOE involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the gradient descent method can be applied to obtain the single optimal phase distribution that is equally applicable to light of various wavelengths, and the meta-optical element MOE that can achieve the optimal phase distribution can be formed. Thus, the meta-optical element MOE that can play the same function for light of various wavelengths can be formed. For example, the meta-optical element MOE manufactured according to the embodiment of the present invention can substantially focus light in the red wavelength band, light in the green wavelength band, and light in the blue wavelength band onto the same focusing surface. Therefore, the meta-optical element MOE manufactured according to the embodiment of the present invention can improve chromatic aberration.

[0105] In addition, according to the manufacturing method of the meta-optical element MOE involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the gradient descent method can be applied to obtain a single optimal phase distribution that is equally applicable to light of various wavelengths, so it is not required to obtain multiple phase distributions according to wavelengths. Therefore, the optimal design of the meta-optical element MOE that improves chromatic aberration can be achieved.

[0106] Figure 4 It is used to illustrate that Figure 1A diagram of an example of an optical device of a meta-optical element. Figure 5 It is used to illustrate Figure 4 A diagram showing an example of a light source portion included in an optical device.

[0107] Reference Figure 4 The optical device OD according to one embodiment of the present invention may include the meta-optical element MOE. In one embodiment, the optical device OD may also include a light source part LP for emitting light.

[0108] The meta-optical element MOE may be arranged in the optical device OD on the path of light emitted from the light source unit LP. For example, the meta-optical element MOE may focus the light emitted from the light source unit LP. That is, the meta-optical element MOE may function as a focusing lens. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and the meta-optical element MOE may also function as an electron beam deflector or a beam shaper.

[0109] In one embodiment, the light source unit LP may be a light emitting element that emits light. For example, the light source unit LP may be an organic light emitting element, an inorganic light emitting element, an organic-inorganic light emitting element, a quantum dot light emitting element, a quantum rod light emitting element, a micro light emitting element, or a nano light emitting element.

[0110] The light source unit LP may include a first electrode E1, a light-emitting layer EML, and a second electrode E2 stacked in sequence. That is, the light source unit LP may be a light-emitting element that emits light from the light-emitting layer EML based on a voltage difference between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2. For example, the light source unit LP may be a forward structure light-emitting element in which the first electrode E1 is an anode and the second electrode E2 is a cathode. For another example, the light source unit LP may be a reverse structure light-emitting element in which the first electrode E1 is a cathode and the second electrode E2 is an anode.

[0111] The first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 may include metal, alloy, conductive metal oxide, transparent conductive material, etc. The light emitting layer EML may include a light emitting material. For example, the light emitting layer EML may include an organic light emitting material, an inorganic light emitting material, a quantum dot, a quantum rod, etc.

[0112] In one embodiment, the meta-optical element MOE may include the substrate SUB and the plurality of nanostructures NS on the substrate SUB configured to form a geometric phase arrangement and having the same structure as each other. Figure 1 The above description has been given, so the repeated description thereof is omitted.

[0113] On the other hand, the optical device OD may also include Figure 4Other components other than the meta-optical element MOE and the light source unit LP are shown.

[0114] Figure 6 is a block diagram showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 It is implemented by smart phone Figure 6 A diagram of an example of an electronic device.

[0115] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the electronic device 1000 may include a processor 1010, a memory device 1020, a storage device 1030, an input / output device 1040, a power supply 1050, and a display device 1060. In this case, the display device 1060 may be Figure 4 That is, the display device 1060 may include Figure 1 The meta-optical element MOE.

[0116] In addition, the electronic device 1000 may further include various ports that can communicate with a video card, a sound card, a memory card, a USB device, etc. or communicate with other systems.

[0117] In one embodiment, if Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 1000 is implemented by a smart phone. However, this is an example, and the electronic device 1000 is not limited thereto. For example, the electronic device 1000 may also be implemented as a mobile phone, a video phone, a smart tablet, a smart watch, a tablet PC, a car navigation system, a computer monitor, a notebook, a head-mounted display device, etc.

[0118] The processor 1010 may perform a specific calculation or task. According to an embodiment, the processor 1010 may be a microprocessor, a central processing unit, an application processor, etc. The processor 1010 may be connected to other components via an address bus, a control bus, and a data bus, etc. According to an embodiment, the processor 1010 may also be connected to an expansion bus such as a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0119] The memory device 1020 may store data required for the operation of the electronic device 1000. For example, the memory device 1020 may be a non-volatile memory device such as an EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory; EPROM) device, an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory; EEPROM) device, a flash memory device, a PRAM (Phase Change Random Access Memory; PRAM) device, an RRAM (Resistance Random Access Memory; RRAM) device, a NFGM (Nano Floating Gate Memory; NFGM) device, a PoRAM (Polymer Random Access Memory; PoRAM) device, an MRAM (Magnetic Random Access Memory; MRAM) device, a FRAM (Ferroelectric Random Access Memory; FRAM) device, etc. and / or a volatile memory device such as a DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory; DRAM) device, an SRAM (Static Random Access Memory; SRAM) device, a mobile DRAM device, etc.

[0120] The storage device 1030 may include a solid state drive (SSD), a hard disk drive (HDD), a CD-ROM, etc.

[0121] The input-output device 1040 may include input components such as a keyboard, a keypad, a touch pad, a touch screen, and a mouse, and output components such as a speaker, a printer, etc. According to an embodiment, the display device 1060 may also be included in the input-output device 1040 .

[0122] The power supply 1050 may supply power required for the operation of the electronic device 1000. For example, the power supply 1050 may be a power management integrated circuit (PMIC).

[0123] The display device 1060 may display an image corresponding to the visual information of the electronic device 1000. In one embodiment, the display device 1060 may be an organic light emitting display device. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. The display device 1060 may be connected to other components via the bus or other communication links.

[0124] In one embodiment, the display device 1060 may be a reference Figure 4 That is, the display device 1060 may be an optical device including a substrate and a meta-optical element on the substrate that is configured to form a geometric phase arrangement and includes a plurality of nanostructures having the same structure as each other. Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The above description has been given, so the repeated description thereof is omitted.

[0125] The present invention can be applied to display devices and electronic devices including the same. For example, the present invention can be applied to high-resolution smartphones, mobile phones, smart tablets, smart watches, tablet PCs, vehicle navigation systems, televisions, computer monitors, notebooks, etc.

[0126] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the exemplary embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as described in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a meta-optical element, comprising: The step of propagating light having an arbitrary phase distribution toward a light collecting surface; A step of obtaining a simulated intensity of the light in the light-collecting surface by simulation; a step of generating an error function based on error data which is a difference between the simulated intensity of the light and an abnormal intensity of the light; A step of applying a gradient descent method to obtain an optimal phase distribution of the light that outputs a minimum function value of the error function; and The step of forming a meta-optical element capable of achieving the optimal phase distribution.

2. The method for manufacturing a meta-optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of applying the gradient descent method to obtain the optimal phase distribution of the light comprises: calculating the inclination in the direction of minimizing the function value of the output result of the error function, In the step of calculating the inclination, an error function optimization process is performed to recalculate the inclination by multiplying the value of the adjustment parameter on the pre-calculated inclination and adding it to the variable of the error function, and the error function optimization process is repeatedly performed until the minimum function value of the error function is output.

3. The method for manufacturing a meta-optical element according to claim 1, wherein: The steps of propagating the light toward the light-collecting surface, obtaining the simulated intensity of the light, generating the error function, and obtaining the optimal phase distribution are repeatedly performed while changing the wavelength of the light.

4. The method for manufacturing a meta-optical element according to claim 1, wherein: The optimal phase distribution is a phase distribution that can output the minimum function value of the error function according to the wavelength of the light.

5. The method for manufacturing a meta-optical element according to claim 4, characterized in that: The optimal phase distribution when the wavelength band of the light is a red wavelength band, the optimal phase distribution when the wavelength band of the light is a green wavelength band, and the optimal phase distribution when the wavelength band of the light is a blue wavelength band are all the same.

6. The method for manufacturing a meta-optical element according to claim 5, characterized in that: The optimal phase distribution is a single phase distribution.

7. The method for manufacturing a meta-optical element according to claim 1, wherein: The step of forming the meta-optical element includes: configuring a plurality of nanostructures on a substrate to form a geometric phase arrangement.

8. The method for manufacturing a meta-optical element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The geometric phase arrangement is a Pancharatnam-Berry phase arrangement.

9. The method for manufacturing a meta-optical element according to claim 7, characterized in that: An arrangement direction of any one of the plurality of nanostructures is different from an arrangement direction of at least another one of the plurality of nanostructures.

10. The method for manufacturing a meta-optical element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plurality of nanostructures have the same structure as each other.

11. The method for manufacturing a meta-optical element according to claim 7, wherein: The plurality of nanostructures are formed of a material having a refractive index different from a refractive index of the substrate.

12. A meta-optical element, comprising: substrate; as well as A plurality of nanostructures are arranged on the substrate to form a geometric phase arrangement and have the same structure.

13. The meta-optical element according to claim 12, wherein: The geometric phase arrangement is a Pancharatnam-Berry phase arrangement.

14. The meta-optical element according to claim 12, wherein: An arrangement direction of any one of the plurality of nanostructures is different from an arrangement direction of at least another one of the plurality of nanostructures.

15. The meta-optical element according to claim 12, wherein: The plurality of nanostructures are arranged on the substrate to focus light in a red wavelength band, light in a green wavelength band, and light in a blue wavelength band onto the same focusing surface.

16. The meta-optical element according to claim 12, wherein: The refractive index of each of the plurality of nanostructures is different from the refractive index of the substrate.

17. An optical device comprising: A light source part, emitting light; as well as A meta-optical element is arranged on a path of light emitted from the light source portion, The meta-optical element comprises: substrate; as well as A plurality of nanostructures are arranged on the substrate to form a geometric phase arrangement and have the same structure.

18. The optical device according to claim 17, characterized in that An arrangement direction of any one of the plurality of nanostructures is different from an arrangement direction of at least another one of the plurality of nanostructures.

19. The optical device according to claim 17, characterized in that The plurality of nanostructures are arranged on the substrate to focus light in a red wavelength band, light in a green wavelength band, and light in a blue wavelength band onto the same focusing surface.

20. The optical device according to claim 17, characterized in that The light source unit comprises: a first electrode; a second electrode, disposed on the first electrode and opposite to the first electrode; and The light-emitting layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and includes a light-emitting substance.

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