Step-by-step layered excavation construction method for slope with dangerous terrain and poor self-stability

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method for excavating and protecting a slope with a dangerous terrain and poor self-stability by utilizing a step-by-step layering method, which comprises the following steps of: excavating each stage of slope according to a design drawing in a layered manner according to protection, excavating and protecting from top to bottom, and taking the excavated bottom surface of each layer as a protection construction platform, so as to realize full-mechanical construction; erecting of a scaffold and a down-the-hole drill platform is omitted, and a crawler-type down-the-hole drill is adopted for drilling to avoid aloft work; and in the drilling process, lower-layer redundant soil and stone cleaning, anchor cable manufacturing, anchor cable mounting, frame beam pouring, grouting and other construction operations are synchronously carried out. According to the step-by-step layered excavation mode, the actual unprotected height of slope excavation is reduced, one layer of slope excavation is protected one layer of slope excavation, rapid construction is achieved, economy is achieved, and safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of civil engineering construction, and in particular to a step-by-step layered construction method for a high slope with steep terrain and poor stability. Background Art

[0002] As the risks and challenges facing domestic production safety work remain severe, infrastructure construction continues to advance, and the scale of projects continues to expand, the difficulty and risk of high slope excavation are also increasing, and safer and more reliable construction methods need to be adopted.

[0003] Traditional high slope construction adopts the form of excavation and protection at the first level. After excavating the first level of slope, the support and construction platform are set up, and the slope is protected. After the protection is completed, the next level of slope excavation is carried out. In the case of high slope excavation and protection construction with broken mountains, many gaps, large cracks, and poor geological development, there are high risks of excavation and protection construction and low overall efficiency. In order to better solve the problems of high slope excavation difficulty and hidden dangers, the traditional high slope excavation and protection methods are changed for construction. Achieve economic savings, improve construction efficiency, ensure the safety of personnel and structures (buildings), and provide favorable guarantees for the completion of the entire project construction on schedule. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention provides a step-by-step layered excavation construction method for a slope with steep terrain and poor self-stability.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by constructing a step-by-step layered excavation construction method for a slope with steep terrain and poor self-stability, which is characterized by comprising: During the slope construction, the excavation is carried out from top to bottom. The slope is excavated in layers according to the level, and one layer is protected after excavation. According to the design drawings, each level of the slope is excavated in layers according to the distribution of anchor cables (rods). After each layer of the slope is excavated, slope protection is carried out immediately. Excavation and protection are carried out in parallel. After each layer of the slope is excavated and leveled, the excavated bottom surface is used as a platform for personnel passage and mechanical construction, and crawler-type down-the-hole drilling rigs are used for drilling. One layer is drilled after excavation, and the slope protection is controlled by the longest layer of anchor cables (rods). The five processes of drilling, anchor cable (rod) installation, grouting, frame beam construction, and tensioning are carried out in a flow-line operation.

[0006] The specific excavation method is to first excavate the top area (1) of the slope, and the bottom surface of the excavation of area (1) is used as a reserved protective construction platform. After the excavation and leveling of area (1) is completed, a crawler down-the-hole drill is immediately used to drill holes. During the drilling process, the excavation of excess earth and stone outside the platform of area (2), the production of anchor cables (rods), the installation of anchor cables (rods), the casting of frame beams, and grouting are carried out simultaneously; After the construction of the top area (1) is completed, the area (2) will be excavated immediately. The bottom surface of the excavation of area (2) will be used as a reserved protective construction platform. After the excavation and leveling of the slope of area (2) is completed, the excavation of earth and stone, the production and installation of anchor cables (rods), the pouring of frame beams, and grouting of grouting will be carried out simultaneously in area (3); After the construction of the slope top area (1), area (2), and area (3) is completed, area (4) is excavated immediately to reserve a protective construction platform, drill holes, excavate soil and rock, install anchor cables (rods), cast frame beams, and grouting. The same cycle is carried out, and so on, until the construction of area (40) is completed and the excavation and protection of the entire high slope is completed.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention provides a construction method for excavating and protecting a steep slope with poor self-stability by using a step-by-step layering method, including: excavating each level of the slope according to the protection layer according to the design drawings, excavating and protecting from top to bottom, using the bottom surface of each excavation layer as a protection construction platform, realizing full mechanized construction, eliminating the need to set up scaffolding and down-the-hole drilling platform, and using a crawler-type down-the-hole drilling rig to drill holes to avoid high-altitude operations; in the process of drilling holes, the lower layer of excess soil and rocks are cleaned, anchor cable production, anchor cable installation, frame beam casting, grouting and other construction operations are carried out simultaneously. The step-by-step layered excavation method reduces the actual unprotected height of the slope excavation, and the slope is protected layer by layer as it is excavated, realizing rapid construction, economic savings, and ensuring safety.

[0008] The present invention has the following advantages: the traditional high slope construction method uses artificial scaffolding and down-the-hole drilling rig operating platform, which has high safety risks and long construction period. The innovative slope construction method is now a step-by-step layered excavation method, in which excavation and protection are carried out in parallel, eliminating the need for artificial scaffolding and drilling rig platforms. The step-by-step layered slope construction method is conducive to saving construction period, using the excavated bottom surface as a construction platform to facilitate personnel and equipment construction, reducing the number of down-the-hole drilling rigs and cranes, and saving labor. At the same time, it ensures the safety of personnel and structures (buildings), providing a favorable guarantee for completing the entire project construction on schedule. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 This is an excavation sequence diagram of a construction method of step-by-step excavation of a slope with steep terrain and poor self-stability; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a construction method of excavating a slope with steep terrain and poor self-stability step by step and reserving a working platform; Figure 3 For a slope with steep terrain and poor self-stability, the support erection is cancelled and a plan diagram of platform drilling is reserved; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of water flow operations on and below a slope with steep terrain and poor self-stability.

[0010] Among them: 1-40 is the excavation area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The following will be combined with the attached Figure 1-Figure 4 The present invention is described in detail, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] The present invention provides a step-by-step layered excavation construction method for a slope with steep terrain and poor self-stability by improving the Figure 1-Figure 4 Provide a detailed description; The present invention discloses a method for excavating a slope with steep terrain and poor self-stability in a step-by-step manner. During slope construction, the slope is excavated in stages from top to bottom. The slope is excavated in stages according to the levels, and each layer is protected after excavation. According to the design drawings, each level of the slope is excavated in layers corresponding to the distribution of anchor cables (rods). After each layer of the slope is excavated, slope protection is immediately carried out, and excavation and protection are constructed in parallel. After each layer of the slope is excavated and leveled, the excavated bottom surface is used as a platform for personnel passage and mechanical construction, and a crawler down-the-hole drill is used for drilling. One layer is excavated and drilled, and the slope protection is controlled by the longest layer of anchor cables (rods) to control the construction period. The five processes of drilling, anchor cable (rod) installation, grouting, frame beam construction, and tensioning are carried out in a streamlined manner.

[0013] The specific excavation method is to first excavate the top area 1 of the slope, and the bottom surface of the excavation of area 1 is used as a reserved protective construction platform. After the excavation and leveling of area 1 is completed, a crawler down-the-hole drill is immediately used to drill holes. During the drilling process, the excavation of excess earth and stone outside the area 2 platform, the production of anchor cables (rods), the installation of anchor cables (rods), the pouring of frame beams, and grouting are carried out simultaneously; After the construction of the top area 1 is completed, the area 2 will be excavated immediately. The bottom surface of the excavation of area 2 will be used as a reserved protective construction platform. After the excavation and leveling of the slope of area 2 is completed, the earthwork excavation, anchor cable (rod) production, anchor cable (rod) installation, frame beam casting, grouting and other works of area 3 will be carried out simultaneously; After the construction of the top area 1, area 2, and area 3 is completed, area 4 is excavated immediately, and the processes of reserving a protective construction platform, drilling holes, soil and rock excavation, anchor cable (rod) installation, frame beam casting, grouting, etc. are carried out in the same cycle as the upper layer, and so on, until the construction of area 40 is completed. The excavation and protection of the entire high slope is completed.

[0014] The first aspect of the present invention provides a general construction method for step-by-step excavation of a slope with steep terrain and poor self-stability, comprising: According to the design drawings, each level of the slope is excavated in layers according to the distribution of anchor cables (rods). After excavating one layer, slope protection is carried out immediately. Excavation and protection are carried out in parallel. The slope is excavated according to the distribution of anchor cables. The top layer of soil is excavated first, and the outer range of the next layer of soil is excavated as the mechanical operation area. Excavators are used for earth excavation, and dump trucks transport slag to the abandoned soil site through temporary access roads. After the first layer of platform is excavated, the anchor cables (rods) and frame beams of this layer are constructed. The lower layer is carried out in a cycle with the upper layer, and so on, until the entire high slope excavation work is completed.

[0015] The second aspect of the present invention provides a construction method for reserving a working platform on a slope with steep terrain and poor self-stability, comprising: The bottom of the excavation is used as a protective construction platform, and the scaffolding and down-the-hole drilling platform are eliminated. The construction work is fully mechanized, and crawler down-the-hole drilling rigs are used for drilling, which is convenient for personnel and machinery operations. Traditional slope construction requires manual scaffolding and drilling platforms, and the use of down-the-hole drilling rigs for drilling, which poses the risk of high slopes and scaffolding collapse. The slope excavation method now invented adopts a step-by-step layered excavation method, eliminating the scaffolding and down-the-hole drilling platform. The step-by-step layered excavation method reduces the slope excavation height, and the high-risk slopes are excavated layer by layer to protect each layer, which effectively guarantees the safety of slope construction.

[0016] The third aspect of the present invention provides a construction method for water flow operation on a slope with steep terrain and poor self-stability, comprising: The step-by-step layered slope excavation method can improve the stability of the structure during the high slope construction process. The high slope is excavated layer by layer to protect it, which effectively ensures the safety of slope construction and creates favorable conditions for high slope excavation, drilling, anchor cable (rod) installation, grouting, frame beam construction, tensioning and other continuous operations. It speeds up the progress of high slope construction, improves the economic benefits of engineering projects, reduces the damage of slope collapse to infrastructure, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0017] The first embodiment of this patent has the following steps: (1) Passive protection nets shall be installed on the access roads, intercepting ditches and the bottom of high slopes within the construction site; (ii) Divide the excavation sequence of the entire slope according to the design drawings; (III) Slope excavation should be carried out from top to bottom, first excavating and leveling the top working platform and the designed slope surface; (iv) Drilling is done using a crawler crane down-the-hole drill, during which the installation of anchor cables (rods), frame beams and other construction processes are carried out simultaneously.

[0018] (V) Construction shall be carried out in layers step by step, with the lower layers being carried out in a cycle similar to the upper layers, and so on, until the entire high slope excavation and protection is completed.

[0019] The second embodiment of this patent has the following steps: (1) During the excavation process, the reserved platform shall be excavated according to the layout of the anchor cables (rods), and the width of the reserved platform should not be too narrow; (ii) To facilitate the transportation of earth and stone, and the access of personnel and machinery, the transfer road outside the construction platform shall be repaired, and the construction platform and the transfer road outside the platform shall be excavated layer by layer for protection; (III) Anchor cable (rod) construction shall be carried out immediately after excavation, and the lower slope excavation and slope protection shall be carried out in parallel.

[0020] The third embodiment of this patent has the following steps: (I) Traditional high slope earthwork excavation adopts the form of excavation and protection of one level. After excavating one level of slope, protection is carried out, and then the next level of slope excavation is carried out. The high slope has loose geology, and the slope is high after excavation, which is easy to collapse. The high slope is not convenient for manual scaffolding and is more dangerous and takes a long time to complete. It is changed to excavate one layer and protect one layer, and each level of slope is divided according to the distribution of anchor cables (rods) for excavation.

[0021] (II) Each level of the slope is excavated in layers according to the anchor cables. After each layer of the slope is excavated, a construction platform is reserved to facilitate the construction of personnel and machinery, creating favorable conditions for the upper and lower slopes to flow water operations. Crawler-type down-the-hole drilling rigs are used for drilling. One layer is excavated and drilled, and the anchor cable (rod) production, excavation, drilling, anchor cable (rod) installation, and grouting are carried out in a continuous water operation.

[0022] (III) Excavation shall be carried out layer by layer in the order from top to bottom, and protection shall be provided layer by layer until the entire project is completed.

[0023] The present invention has the following advantages: the traditional high slope construction method uses artificial scaffolding and down-the-hole drilling rig operating platform, which has high safety risks and long construction period. The innovative slope construction method is now a step-by-step layered excavation method, in which excavation and protection are carried out in parallel, eliminating the need for artificial scaffolding and drilling rig platforms. The step-by-step layered slope construction method is conducive to saving construction period, using the excavated bottom surface as a construction platform to facilitate personnel and equipment construction, reducing the number of down-the-hole drilling rigs and cranes, and saving labor. At the same time, it ensures the safety of personnel and structures (buildings), providing a favorable guarantee for completing the entire project construction on schedule.

[0024] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A construction method for excavating a slope with steep terrain and poor self-stability step by step, characterized in that: include; During slope construction, the excavation is carried out from top to bottom. The slope is excavated in layers according to the levels, and each layer is protected after excavation. According to the design drawings, each level of the slope is excavated in layers according to the distribution of anchor cables (rods). After each layer of the slope is excavated, slope protection is carried out immediately. Excavation and protection are carried out in parallel. After each layer of the slope is excavated and leveled, the excavated bottom surface is used as a platform for personnel passage and mechanical construction, and crawler-type down-the-hole drilling rigs are used for drilling. Drill holes one layer at a time after excavation. The slope protection is controlled by the longest layer of anchor cables (rods) to control the construction period. Drilling, anchor cable (rod) installation, grouting, frame beam construction, tensioning 5-step flow operation; The specific excavation method is to first excavate the top area (1) of the slope, and the bottom surface of the excavation of area (1) is used as a reserved protective construction platform. After the excavation and leveling of area (1) is completed, a crawler down-the-hole drill is immediately used to drill holes. During the drilling process, the excavation of excess earth and stone outside the platform of area (2), the production of anchor cables (rods), the installation of anchor cables (rods), the casting of frame beams, and grouting are carried out simultaneously; After the construction of the top area (1) is completed, the area (2) will be excavated immediately. The bottom surface of the excavation of area (2) will be used as a reserved protective construction platform. After the excavation and leveling of the slope of area (2) is completed, the excavation of earth and stone, the production and installation of anchor cables (rods), the pouring of frame beams, and grouting of grouting will be carried out simultaneously in area (3); After the construction of the slope top area (1), area (2), and area (3) is completed, area (4) is excavated immediately to reserve a protective construction platform, drill holes, excavate soil and rock, install anchor cables (rods), cast frame beams, and grouting. The same cycle is carried out, and so on, until the construction of area (40) is completed and the excavation and protection of the entire high slope is completed.

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