Brake disc double-face machining grinding machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-face machining grinding machine for a brake disc. Comprising a box body part, an upper grinding head part, a lower grinding head part and a feeding part, wherein the upper grinding head part and the lower grinding head part are arranged in the box body part, coaxially and correspondingly up and down and used for grinding workpieces through grinding wheels; the feeding part is arranged in front of the box body part and used for grinding and conveying the workpieces through the upper grinding head part and the lower grinding head part; the dressing part is arranged at the rear part of the box body part and is used for dressing an upper grinding wheel on the upper grinding head part and a lower grinding wheel on the lower grinding head part; the feeding part comprises a linear feeding unit, a feeding table unit which is fixed to the linear feeding unit through a spherical hinge unit and can rotate, a workpiece positioning and clamping unit arranged on the feeding table unit and a workpiece rotation driving unit for driving the workpiece positioning and clamping unit to rotate. The number of the workpiece positioning and clamping units is two, and the two workpiece positioning and clamping units correspond to the two stations. The grinding machine has the advantages of being stable in feeding, high in grinding efficiency, high in workpiece positioning precision and high in machining precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to a grinding machine, and in particular relates to a double-sided grinding machine for a brake disc. Background Art

[0002] Composite carbon fiber brake discs are key components and vulnerable parts of the braking and brake systems of new energy vehicles. Their hardness is about 9, which is close to the hardness of diamond and is a hard, brittle and difficult to process material. The processing requirements of brake discs are: the flatness of the two processing surfaces is ≤0.02mm, the parallelism is ≤0.03mm, the circumferential thickness difference is ≤0.008mm, the radial thickness difference is ≤0.03mm, the surface roughness is ≤Ra1.6μm, the single-sided coating thickness deviation is ≤0.1mm, and the grinding deviation of the two processing surfaces is ≤0.2mm.

[0003] Due to the high hardness of composite carbon fiber brake discs, the grinding chips contain a large amount of carbon powder particles, high processing precision requirements, and the grinding wheel is easily blocked during processing, so the processing is difficult. At present, composite carbon fiber brake discs are mainly processed by surface grinders, which can only process one working surface at a time. Special fixtures need to be made and clamped multiple times to complete the entire processing process, which has low processing efficiency and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a brake disc double-sided grinding machine with high machining accuracy and efficiency in view of the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way: The double-sided grinding machine for brake discs provided by the present invention comprises a box body part, an upper grinding head part and a lower grinding head part which are coaxially arranged in the box body part and correspondingly grind workpieces using grinding wheels, a feeding part which is arranged in front of the box body part and conveys workpieces for grinding the upper grinding head part and the lower grinding head part, and a dressing part which is arranged at the back of the box body part and dresses the upper grinding wheel of the upper grinding head part and the lower grinding wheel on the lower grinding head part; the feeding part comprises a linear feeding unit, a feeding table unit which is rotatably fixed on the linear feeding unit through a ball joint unit, a workpiece positioning and clamping unit arranged on the feeding table unit, and a workpiece rotation driving unit which drives the workpiece positioning and clamping unit to rotate; the workpiece positioning and clamping units are two corresponding to two forming stations, and each workpiece positioning and clamping unit is driven to rotate by a workpiece rotation driving unit; the grinding wheel dressing part comprises a driving assembly, a supporting shaft system connected to the driving assembly through a belt transmission mechanism, and a dressing disc which is arranged on the supporting shaft system and located between the upper grinding wheel and the lower grinding wheel.

[0006] The box body part comprises a base, a lower box body fixed on the base, and an upper box body fixed on the lower box body through four ball joint units.

[0007] The upper grinding head part includes a first driving motor, an upper grinding head assembly connected to the first driving motor through a first belt, and an upper grinding wheel arranged on the upper grinding head assembly; the lower grinding head part includes a second driving motor, a lower grinding head assembly connected to the second driving motor through a second belt, and a lower grinding wheel arranged on the lower grinding head assembly; the upper grinding head part and the lower grinding head part are respectively installed in the upper box and the lower box.

[0008] The driving assembly includes a hinge seat fixed on the lower box body, a reducer mounting seat arranged on the hinge seat through a first pin shaft, a reducer and a first servo motor fixed on the reducer mounting seat, and the reducer mounting seat is provided with a first adjusting screw supported on the surface of the lower box body; the belt transmission mechanism includes a pair of pulleys arranged on the output shaft of the reducer and the first supporting shaft system and a third belt arranged between the two pulleys; the first supporting shaft system includes a trimming shaft installed in the lower box body through a first upper bearing seat and a first lower bearing seat, and the trimming disc is fixed on the trimming shaft; the first The lower bearing seat and the hole on the lower housing are matched with conventional cylindrical surfaces and are fixed after installation. The outer cylindrical surface of the first upper bearing seat is designed with a first spherical boss, which maintains linear contact with the cylindrical surface of the hole in the lower housing after installation; a first pressure ring is provided below the first flange surface of the first upper bearing seat and a spherical pair is formed between the first pressure ring and the first pressure ring; the first pressure ring is fixed to the lower housing by a first screw, and the first upper bearing seat is fixedly connected to the lower housing by a first fixing screw passing through the first pressure ring; a second adjusting screw in contact with the first pressure ring is provided above the first flange surface of the first upper bearing seat.

[0009] The linear feed unit includes a fixed guide rail seat and a movable slide driven by a driving device to slide along the fixed guide rail seat; the driving device includes a second servo motor, a first precision reducer connected to the second servo motor, a ball screw connected to the first precision reducer through a coupling, and a screw nut arranged on the ball screw; the fixed guide rail seat is connected and fixed to the base of the box part, and a V-flat hard rail pair composed of a V-shaped guide rail and a rectangular guide rail is used between the fixed guide rail seat and the movable slide.

[0010] The feeding table unit includes a spindle mounting seat, a rotatable feeding table arranged on the spindle mounting seat through a spindle assembly, a bracket arranged on the feeding table, and a spindle driving mechanism arranged on the spindle mounting seat and connected to the spindle assembly through a second supporting shaft system and a gear pair. The spindle driving mechanism drives the feeding table to rotate through the second supporting shaft system, the gear pair and the spindle assembly, and the two workpiece positioning and clamping units are symmetrically installed on the bracket; the spindle mounting seat is connected to the movable slide of the linear feed unit through four pairs of ball joint units; the spindle driving mechanism includes a third servo motor, a second precision reducer connected to the third servo motor, and an active bevel gear arranged on the output shaft of the second precision reducer; the second supporting shaft system includes a gear shaft arranged on the spindle mounting seat through a second upper bearing seat and a second lower bearing seat, a driven bevel gear arranged on the gear shaft and meshing with the active bevel gear, and a gear arranged on the gear shaft The driving gear at the lower end of the wheel shaft; the second lower bearing seat and the hole on the main shaft mounting seat adopt conventional cylindrical surface matching, which is fixed after installation; the outer cylindrical surface of the second upper bearing seat is designed with a second spherical boss, which maintains linear contact with the cylindrical surface of the hole in the main shaft mounting seat after installation; the second upper bearing seat is fixed to the main shaft mounting seat by a second pressure ring and a second fixing screw, and a spherical pair is formed between the second flange surface of the second upper bearing seat and the second pressure ring; the second pressure ring is fixed to the main shaft mounting seat by a second screw; a third adjusting screw in contact with the second pressure ring is provided on the second flange surface of the second upper bearing seat; the main shaft assembly includes a main shaft, a connecting flange fixed to the upper end of the main shaft, and a driven gear fixed to the lower end of the main shaft, the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear form a bevel gear pair of the primary transmission, the driving gear and the driven gear form a gear pair of the secondary transmission, and the feeding platform is fixed on the connecting flange.

[0011] The workpiece positioning and clamping unit includes an axial positioning mechanism and a radial positioning mechanism, the axial positioning mechanism includes a tooling shaft with a step, a cylinder mounting component provided on the tooling shaft and fixed on a bracket with a center hole, three axial clamping cylinders arranged circumferentially on the cylinder mounting component, a roller mounting seat provided at the bottom of the axial clamping cylinder piston rod through a floating joint, and a clamping roller provided on the roller mounting seat through a second pin shaft and a spherical bearing; the radial positioning mechanism includes an expansion sleeve clamping block fixed on the center hole of the tooling shaft and provided with a flange, an expansion sleeve provided between the upper end surface of the tooling shaft and the flange of the expansion sleeve clamping block, and a clamping roller provided on the expansion sleeve. The expansion sleeve clamping mechanism on the sleeve clamping block comprises an expansion sleeve clamping cylinder fixed on the bracket, an expansion sleeve clamping shaft connected to the expansion sleeve clamping cylinder and passing through the center hole of the cylinder mounting component in the axial positioning mechanism, a mounting block arranged at the lower end of the expansion sleeve clamping shaft through a bearing, a pressure plate assembly connected to the mounting block through an elastic fastener, and a spherical adjustment pair arranged between the mounting block and the pressure plate assembly, wherein the spherical adjustment pair comprises an upper spherical panel and a lower spherical panel which can rotate 360° relative to each other; the elastic fastener comprises a bolt, a nut matched with the bolt, and a spring sleeved on the bolt and located between the mounting block and the nut.

[0012] The upper grinding wheel and the lower grinding wheel are narrow annular grinding wheels. A group of grinding tiles are evenly fixed in the mounting grooves around the grinding wheel base by a third screw. A plurality of independent water channels are evenly distributed circumferentially inside the grinding wheel base, and each grinding tile corresponds to a water channel.

[0013] The ball joint unit includes a support shaft, a precision locking nut threaded on the support shaft, and a spherical washer pair that cooperates with the precision locking nut. Each ball joint unit includes two pairs of spherical washer pairs, and the spherical washer pairs include a spherical concave ring and a spherical convex ring that cooperate with each other. Beneficial Effects

[0014] The present invention can achieve high-precision positioning and clamping, rotation, and linear feeding of brake discs, especially composite carbon fiber brake discs. Combined with the revolution and axial feeding of the upper and lower grinding wheels, the precision grinding of the two parallel working surfaces of the brake disc can be achieved. The three steps of rough grinding, fine grinding, and light grinding can be completed in one clamping. After processing, the two working surfaces of the brake disc are simultaneously thinned and obtain a certain roughness and form and position tolerance.

[0015] The present invention adopts a linear feeding unit, a feeding table unit rotatable on the linear feeding unit, a workpiece positioning and clamping unit arranged on the feeding table unit, and a workpiece rotation driving unit driving the workpiece positioning and clamping unit to rotate. The workpiece positioning and clamping unit adopts an axial positioning mechanism and a radial positioning mechanism to clamp the workpiece, and is arranged in two workstations, which has the advantages of stable feeding, high grinding efficiency, and high workpiece positioning accuracy and processing accuracy.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a view of the present invention from different directions.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention without the box body part.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the feeding part in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a top view of the bracket in the feeding section.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the linear feed unit in the feeding section.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the linear feed unit in the feeding section.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the feeding table unit in the feeding part.

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the feed table unit in the feed section.

[0026] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the supporting shaft system in the feed table unit.

[0027] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the ball joint unit in the present invention.

[0028] Fig.12 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the ball joint unit in the present invention.

[0029] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the axial positioning mechanism of the workpiece positioning and clamping unit in the feeding part.

[0030] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the working status of the axial positioning mechanism.

[0031] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the working status of the radial positioning mechanism of the workpiece positioning and clamping unit in the feeding part.

[0032] Fig.16 It is a curve diagram of the clamping force control of the clamping roller in the feeding part.

[0033] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the workpiece rotation drive unit in the feeding section.

[0034] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the narrow annular abrasive tile type grinding wheel in the present invention.

[0035] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the abrasive disc in a narrow annular abrasive disc grinding wheel.

[0036] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the grinding wheel dressing part in the present invention.

[0037] Fig.21 It is a schematic diagram of the drive components in the grinding wheel dressing section.

[0038] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the working status of the dressing disc in the grinding wheel dressing part.

[0039] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the supporting shaft system in the grinding wheel dressing part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 The double-sided grinding machine for brake discs provided by the present invention comprises a box body 1, an upper grinding head part 2 and a lower grinding head part 3 which are coaxially installed in the box body 1 and grind the workpiece a with a grinding wheel, a feeding part 4 which is arranged in front of the box body 1 and feeds the workpiece a for the upper grinding head part 2 and the lower grinding head part 3 for grinding, and a dressing part 6 which is arranged in the back of the box body 1 and dresses the grinding wheels on the upper grinding head part 2 and the lower grinding head part 3; the upper grinding head part After the upper grinding wheel 204 and the lower grinding wheel 304 are installed on the upper grinding wheel 204 and the lower grinding wheel 304 respectively, the end faces of the upper grinding wheel 204 and the lower grinding wheel 304 remain parallel; the feeding part 4 can position the workpiece a and feed it between the upper grinding wheel 204 and the lower grinding wheel 304 so that the upper and lower processing surfaces of the workpiece a are parallel to the working surfaces of the upper grinding wheel 204 and the lower grinding wheel 304 respectively; the dressing part 6 is provided with a dressing disc 603 located between the upper grinding wheel 204 and the lower grinding wheel 304.

[0041] See Figure 1 The box body 1 comprises a base 103, a lower box body 102 fixed on the base 103, and an upper box body 101 fixed on the lower box body 102 via four ball joint units 5, each ball joint unit 5 comprising two pairs of spherical gasket pairs 502 (see Fig. 9 , Fig.10 ), ensuring reliable connection and good rigidity between the upper and lower boxes 101 and 102.

[0042] See Figure 1 —— Figure 3The upper grinding head part 2 includes a driving motor 201, an upper grinding head assembly 203 connected to the driving motor 201 through a belt 202, and an upper grinding wheel 204 arranged on the upper grinding head assembly 203; the lower grinding head part 3 includes a driving motor 301, a lower grinding head assembly 303 connected to the driving motor 301 through a belt 302, and a lower grinding wheel 204 arranged on the lower grinding head assembly 303; taking the lower grinding wheel 304 of the lower grinding head assembly 303 as a reference, the position of the upper grinding wheel 204 of the upper grinding head assembly 203 can be adjusted to meet the parallelism requirement, and the relative position accuracy of the upper grinding head assembly 203 and the lower grinding head assembly 303 can be adjusted in a 360° direction through the ball joint unit 5 between the upper box body 101 and the lower box body 102.

[0043] Position accuracy adjustment: According to the machining accuracy requirements of workpiece a, the mounting surfaces of the upper and lower grinding wheels 204 and 304 (i.e., the flange surfaces of the spindles of the upper and lower grinding heads) must be kept parallel, and the parallelism is required to be ≤0.01mm.

[0044] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The feeding part 4 adopts a workpiece feeding method of a double-station planetary feeding structure, including a linear feed unit 401, a feeding table unit 402 fixed on the linear feed unit 401 by a ball joint unit 5 and capable of rotating, a workpiece positioning and clamping unit 403 arranged on the feeding table unit 402, and a workpiece rotation driving unit 404 driving the workpiece positioning and clamping unit 403 to rotate; the workpiece positioning and clamping unit 403 is two corresponding to two stations of 180 degrees, and each workpiece positioning and clamping unit 403 is driven to rotate by a workpiece rotation driving unit 404. The rotation movements of the workpiece positioning and clamping units 403 of the two stations are independent of each other and are controlled separately. The double-station and double-drive structure of the feeding part 4 is generally evenly distributed on a four-point circle, which is convenient for installation, disassembly and maintenance.

[0045] See Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7The linear feed unit 401 includes a fixed guide rail seat 4011 and a movable slide 4012 driven by a driving device to slide along the fixed guide rail seat 4011; the driving device includes a servo motor 4013, a precision reducer 4014 connected to the servo motor 4013, a ball screw 4016 connected to the precision reducer 4014 through a coupling 4015, and a screw nut 4017 arranged on the ball screw 4016. The fixed guide rail seat 4011 is connected to the base of the box part 1 and is fixed; the linear feed unit 401 is driven by a servo motor and a high-precision ball screw, and has flexible movement and high feeding accuracy; a V-flat hard rail pair composed of a V-shaped guide rail 4018 and a rectangular guide rail 4018′ is used between the fixed guide rail seat 4011 and the movable slide 4012, so that it has the advantages of both double V guide rails and rectangular guide rails. The working surface of the hard rail is surface hardened, finely ground, and scraped, with high contact rigidity, stable movement, and high bearing capacity.

[0046] See Figure 3 , Figure 8 —— Fig.10 The feeding table unit 402 includes a spindle mounting seat 4021, a rotatable feeding table 4023 arranged on the spindle mounting seat 4021 through a spindle assembly 4024, a bracket 4025 arranged on the feeding table 4023, and a spindle driving mechanism 4022 arranged on the spindle mounting seat 4021 and connected to the spindle assembly 4024 through a supporting shaft system and a gear pair. The spindle driving mechanism 4022 drives the feeding table 4023 to rotate through the supporting shaft system, the gear pair and the spindle assembly 4024. The two workpiece positioning and clamping units 403 are symmetrically installed on the bracket 4025; the spindle mounting seat 4021 is connected to the movable slide 4012 of the linear feed unit 401 through four pairs of ball joint units 5; the spindle driving mechanism 4022 includes The invention comprises a servo motor 40221, a precision reducer 40222 connected to the servo motor 40221, and an active bevel gear 40224 arranged on the output shaft of the precision reducer 40222; the supporting shaft system comprises a gear shaft 40225 arranged on the spindle mounting seat 4021 through upper and lower bearing seats 40227 and 40228, a driven bevel gear 40226 arranged on the gear shaft 40225 and meshing with the active bevel gear 40224, and an active gear 40223 arranged at the lower end of the gear shaft 40225; the lower bearing seat 40228 and the hole on the spindle mounting seat 4021 adopt conventional cylindrical surface matching, and are fixed after installation, and the outer cylindrical surface of the upper bearing seat 40227 is designed with a spherical boss 402213 (see Fig.23The spherical boss 616 in the upper bearing seat 40227 is in line contact with the cylindrical surface of the hole in the spindle mounting seat 4021 after installation; the upper bearing seat 40227 is fixed to the spindle mounting seat 4021 by means of a pressure ring 402211 and a fixing screw (not shown in the figure); a spherical pair is formed between the flange surface 402210 of the upper bearing seat 40227 and the pressure ring 402211, which can rotate 360 ​​degrees relative to each other; the pressure ring 402211 is fixed to the spindle mounting seat 4021 by means of screws 402212 On the flange surface 402210 of the upper bearing seat 40227 is provided with an adjusting screw 40229 in contact with the pressure ring 402211. When the axial position of the upper bearing seat 40227 needs to be adjusted, the fixing screw on the upper bearing seat 40227 can be loosened, and the adjusting screw 40229 can be used to fine-tune the position of the upper bearing seat 40227 relative to the pressure ring 402211. After adjusting to the right position, tighten the fixing screw of the upper bearing seat 40227, and then tighten the adjusting screw 40229. This structure can conveniently adjust the verticality of the center line of the supporting shaft system relative to the hole of the spindle mounting seat 4021; the spindle assembly 4024 includes a spindle 40242, a connecting flange 40241 fixed to the upper end of the spindle 40242, a driven gear 40243 fixed to the lower end of the spindle 40242, an active bevel gear 40224 and a driven bevel gear 40226 form a primary transmission bevel gear pair, and an active gear 40223 and a driven gear 40243 form a secondary transmission gear pair, and the feeding table 4023 is fixed on the connecting flange 40241. The feeding table 4023 can linearly feed and rotate relative to the box body 1 to switch workstations, adjust the workpiece processing position, and load and unload materials automatically, with large working torque, flexible movement, and high positioning accuracy.

[0047] See Fig.11 , Fig.12 The ball joint unit 5 includes a support shaft 501, a precision locking nut 503 threadedly arranged on the support shaft 501, and a spherical washer pair 502 matched with the precision locking nut 503, and the spherical washer pair 502 includes a spherical concave ring 502a and a spherical convex ring 502b that cooperate with each other; the hole of the support shaft 501 and the movable slide 4012 are interference connected, and the support shaft 501 and the movable slide 4012 are fixedly connected by tightening the precision locking nut 503 at the bottom of the support shaft 501 to bear the load transmitted from above; the support shaft 501 is connected to the movable slide 4012 by the support shaft 501. There is a clearance fit between the shaft 501 and the hole of the spindle mounting seat 4021, and a pair of spherical washers 502 and locking nuts 503 are used to lock the upper and lower end surfaces of the hole of the spindle mounting seat 4021; the locking nuts 503 can be loosened by using tools such as wrenches to drive the convex ring 502b and the concave ring 502a to make a slight relative rotation, so that the relative position accuracy of the spindle mounting seat 4021 (and the components above it) and the lower box 103 (and the lower grinding wheel) can be adjusted in the direction of 360°, thereby ensuring the positioning and processing accuracy of the workpiece a.

[0048] The workpiece positioning and clamping unit 403 is used to simultaneously perform axial and radial positioning and clamping of workpiece a during double-end surface grinding to ensure grinding accuracy. The present invention utilizes the step surface of workpiece a for axial positioning, the upper machining surface for axial clamping, and the inner hole cylindrical surface for radial positioning and clamping.

[0049] See Figure 4 , Fig.13 —— Fig.15 The workpiece positioning and clamping unit 403 includes an axial positioning mechanism and a radial positioning mechanism, wherein the axial positioning mechanism includes a tooling shaft 40305 with a step 403051, a cylinder mounting component 40302 provided on the tooling shaft 40305 and fixed on a bracket 4025 and provided with a center hole 403021, three axial clamping cylinders 40303 arranged circumferentially on the cylinder mounting component 40302, a roller mounting seat 403042 provided at the bottom of the piston rod of the axial clamping cylinder 40303 through a floating joint 403041, and a roller mounting seat 403044 provided at the bottom of the piston rod of the axial clamping cylinder 40303 through a pin 403044 and a spherical bearing 403043. The clamping roller 40304 on the roller mounting seat 403042 and the spherical pair structure of the spherical bearing 403043 can make the axis of the clamping roller 40304 do a certain range of yaw motion in the horizontal direction. The floating joint 403041 contains a pair of spherical pairs, which can make the axis of the roller mounting seat 403042 (and the clamping roller 40304) do a certain range of yaw motion in the vertical direction. Based on this structure, the clamping roller 40304 can adaptively maintain perpendicularity to the surface a of the workpiece, ensuring that the clamping force is perpendicular to the surface a of the workpiece, and preventing the generation of radial force components that cause abnormal wear of the roller; the radial positioning mechanism includes An expansion sleeve clamping block 40310 fixed on the center hole 403052 of the tooling shaft 40305 and provided with a flange 403101, an expansion sleeve 40311 provided between the upper end surface of the tooling shaft 40305 and the flange 403101 of the expansion sleeve clamping block 40310, and an expansion sleeve clamping mechanism provided on the expansion sleeve clamping block 40310, wherein the expansion sleeve clamping mechanism comprises an expansion sleeve clamping cylinder 40301 fixed on the bracket 4025, an expansion sleeve clamping shaft 40306 connected to the expansion sleeve clamping cylinder 40301 and passing through the center hole 403021 of the cylinder mounting component 40302 in the axial positioning mechanism, and a compression sleeve 40310 provided on the expansion sleeve clamping block 40310. The bearing 40312 is arranged on the mounting block 40313 at the lower end of the expansion sleeve clamping shaft 40306, the pressure plate assembly 40307 is connected to the mounting block 40313 through an elastic fastener, and the spherical adjustment pair 40308 is arranged between the mounting block 40313 and the pressure plate assembly 40307, ​​and the spherical adjustment pair 40308 includes an upper spherical panel and a lower spherical panel that can rotate 360 ​​degrees with respect to each other; the elastic fastener includes a bolt 40314, a nut 40315 matched with the bolt 40314, and a spring 40309 sleeved on the bolt 40314 and located between the mounting block 40313 and the nut 40315.

[0050] Axial positioning and clamping of the workpiece positioning and clamping unit 403: Fig.13 , Fig.14 As shown, when loading, the workpiece (brake disc) a is placed with its step surface facing downward on the upper end surface of the tooling shaft 40305 to achieve axial positioning; then the three axial clamping cylinders 40303 arranged along the circumference are actuated to drive the clamping roller 40304 downward to act on the upper processing surface of the workpiece a to complete the axial clamping.

[0051] The surface of the clamping roller 40304 is rubber-coated, with moderate hardness and an arc-shaped outer circle to avoid damaging the precision of the workpiece a processing surface; the clamping force of the clamping roller 40304 is controlled by a pneumatic proportional valve and a precision pressure regulating valve. During processing, the control system can adjust the clamping force of the clamping roller 40304 in real time through the axial clamping cylinder 40303 to automatically adapt to different processing stages. The control of the clamping force of the clamping roller is as follows: Fig.16 shown.

[0052] Radial positioning and clamping of the workpiece positioning and clamping unit 403: Fig.14 , Fig.15 As shown, after the workpiece a is axially positioned and clamped, the radial positioning mechanism is activated, and driven by the expansion sleeve clamping cylinder of the expansion sleeve clamping mechanism, the expansion sleeve clamping shaft 403 drives the pressure plate assembly 40307 to move downward to press the expansion sleeve clamping block 40310, and the expansion sleeve 40311 is compressed by the expansion sleeve clamping block 40310. The expansion sleeve 40311 is a highly elastic hollow-shaped part, which expands radially when axially compressed, and its outer cylindrical surface contacts and is tensioned with the inner hole of the workpiece a, thereby realizing radial positioning and clamping of the workpiece a.

[0053] Since a pair of spherical adjustment pairs 40308 are provided between the mounting block 40313 of the expansion sleeve clamping mechanism and the pressure plate assembly 40307, ​​and four groups of evenly distributed elastic fasteners are used to perform soft connection between the mounting block 40313 and the pressure plate assembly 40307, ​​this structure can ensure that when the expansion sleeve clamping shaft 403 of the expansion sleeve clamping mechanism is not perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece a, the force exerted by the pressure plate assembly 40307 on the expansion sleeve clamping shaft 403 can adaptively maintain perpendicularity to the surface of the workpiece a.

[0054] The radial clamping force of the workpiece a is determined by the deformation of the expansion sleeve 40311 , which is determined by the stroke of the expansion sleeve clamping shaft 403 . Each size of the workpiece a corresponds to one expansion sleeve 40311 .

[0055] See Fig.17The workpiece rotation drive unit 404 includes a servo mechanism and a high-precision gear pair. The servo mechanism includes a servo motor 4041 and a precision reducer 4042 connected to the servo motor 4041. The high-precision gear pair is composed of a driving shaft system 4043 connected to the output shaft of the precision reducer 4042, and a gear of a rotation shaft system 4045 connected to the driving shaft system 4043 through the gear of an idler shaft system 4044. The tooling shaft 40305 in the workpiece positioning and clamping unit 403 is installed on the rotation shaft system 4045. The servo mechanism and the high-precision gear pair can ensure that the workpiece a has high rotation accuracy.

[0056] Due to the material characteristics of the carbon fiber brake disc workpiece a, the grinding chips produced during processing contain a large amount of carbon powder (graphite) particles, which have very small particle sizes and are of the same family as the main components of the grinding wheel abrasives. They are easily attached to the grinding wheel, causing blockage of the grinding wheel and burns of the workpiece. Fig.18 , Fig.19 As shown, the upper grinding wheel 204 and the lower grinding wheel 304 in the present invention adopt narrow annular sand tile type grinding wheels, and the sand tile c and the grinding wheel base b are assembled structures. A group of sand tiles c are evenly fixed in the installation groove around the grinding wheel base b by screws, which is convenient for installation and replacement. The sand tile c is a narrow strip type, and the working surface of the grinding wheel is a narrow ring. The diameter difference between the inner and outer circles is very small, and the linear speed is basically the same, which can ensure the processing accuracy of the grinding wheel. There are multiple independent water channels d evenly distributed along the circumference inside the grinding wheel base b, and each sand tile c corresponds to a water channel d, so that each sand tile c has an independent source of coolant; the high-pressure coolant entering the grinding wheel from the grinding head spindle sprays and strongly washes the working surface of the sand tile c at a certain angle, which can ensure the washing and cooling effect of the grinding wheel. According to the material characteristics of carbon fiber, in a group of sand tiles c, sand tiles c with different parameters can be freely combined. Taking 24 sand tiles c per pair of grinding wheels as an example, sand tiles c with different abrasive parameters can be mixed and matched in groups of 3×8, 4×6, etc., which can effectively improve grinding accuracy and efficiency, which is impossible for conventional grinding wheels. Sand tiles c are sintered, the base c1 is structural steel, and the abrasive c2 fixed on the base c1 is diamond.

[0057] See Fig. 20 —— Fig.23The grinding wheel dressing part 6 includes a driving assembly, a supporting shaft system connected to the driving assembly through a belt transmission mechanism, and a dressing disc 603 arranged on the supporting shaft system and located between the upper and lower grinding wheels 204 and 304; the driving assembly includes a hinge seat 607 fixed on the lower box body 102, a reducer mounting seat 608 arranged on the hinge seat 607 through a pin shaft 609, a reducer 610 and a servo motor 611 fixed on the reducer mounting seat 608, and the reducer mounting seat 608 is provided with an adjusting screw 612 supported on the lower box body 1 02 surface; the belt transmission mechanism includes a pair of pulleys 613, 614 arranged on the output shaft of the reducer 610 and the supporting shaft system and a belt 606 arranged between the pulleys 613, 614. The reducer mounting seat 608 can be rotated around the pin 609 by adjusting the screw 612, so that the pulley 613 is close to or away from the lower box body 102, so as to adjust the center distance between the two pulleys 613, 614 and tighten the belt 606; the supporting shaft system includes a pair of pulleys 613, 614 arranged on the output shaft of the reducer 610 and the supporting shaft system, and a belt 606 arranged between the pulleys 613, 614 and the lower box body 102. The trimming shaft 602, the trimming disc 603 is fixed on the trimming shaft 602; the lower bearing seat 605 and the hole on the lower box body 102 are matched with a conventional cylindrical surface, and are fixed after installation. The outer cylindrical surface of the upper bearing seat 601 is designed with a spherical boss 616, which maintains line contact with the cylindrical surface of the hole in the lower box body 102 after installation; a pressure ring 619 is provided below the flange surface 617 of the upper bearing seat 601 and a spherical pair is formed between the pressure ring 619, which can rotate 360° relative to each other; the pressure ring 619 is fixed to the lower box body 102 by screws, and the upper shaft The bearing seat 601 is fixedly connected to the lower housing 102 by a fixing screw 618 passing through a pressure ring 619; an adjusting screw 615 in contact with the pressure ring 619 is provided on the flange surface 617 of the upper bearing seat 601. When the axis position of the upper bearing seat 601 needs to be adjusted, the fixing screw 618 on the upper bearing seat 601 can be loosened, and the position of the upper bearing seat 601 relative to the pressure ring 619 (and the housing mounting hole) can be fine-tuned by using the adjusting screw 615. After the adjustment is in place, the fixing screw 618 of the upper bearing seat 601 is tightened, and then the adjusting screw 615 is tightened. This structure can conveniently adjust the verticality of the center line of the supporting shaft system relative to the housing hole, while ensuring the rigidity of the trimming components.

[0058] The outer edge of the dressing disc 603 is fixed with an oil stone 604, which is used to dress the grinding wheel, and the working surface of the oil stone 604 is the upper and lower end surfaces. When the dressing component is working, the servo motor 611 drives the dressing disc 603 to swing back and forth through the reducer 610 and the belt transmission, and the upper and lower grinding wheels 204 and 304 can be dressed at the same time in combination with the rotation of the upper and lower grinding wheels 204 and 304.

[0059] Working process of the present invention: 1. The automatic loading and unloading system matched with the grinding machine of the present invention is started, and the manipulator places the workpiece a on the workpiece positioning and clamping unit 403 of the feeding part; 2. The workpiece positioning and clamping unit 403 is actuated to perform axial and radial positioning and clamping of the workpiece a through the axial positioning mechanism and the radial positioning mechanism; 3. The feeding part rotates and feeds linearly to feed the workpiece a to the grinding position between the upper grinding head part 2 and the lower grinding head part 3; 4. The workpiece rotation drive unit 404 is started, and the workpiece a starts to rotate driven by the tooling shaft 40305; 5. The upper grinding head part 2 and the lower grinding head part 3 rotate and feed, and the upper grinding wheel 204 and the lower grinding wheel 304 contact the upper and lower processing surfaces of the workpiece a at the same time, and the grinding process begins; 6. After the processing is completed, the upper and lower grinding wheels 204 and 304 are retracted, the rotation of the workpiece a stops, and the feeding part rotates to switch the workstations and feed linearly, and the processed workpiece a is sent to the unloading point, and the workpiece of another workstation is sent to the grinding processing position, and a new round of cycle begins.

[0060] Through the revolution of the upper and lower grinding wheels, the rotation of the workpiece, and the linear reciprocating motion, the upper and lower processing surfaces of the workpiece are ground to achieve the required processing accuracy.

Claims

1. A double-sided grinding machine for brake discs, characterized in that It includes a box body part, an upper grinding head part and a lower grinding head part which are coaxially arranged in the box body part and correspondingly use grinding wheels to grind workpieces, a feeding part which is arranged in front of the box body part and conveys workpieces for grinding the upper grinding head part and the lower grinding head part, and a dressing part which is arranged at the back of the box body part and dresses the upper grinding wheel of the upper grinding head part and the lower grinding wheel on the lower grinding head part; the feeding part includes a linear feeding unit, a feeding table unit which is fixed on the linear feeding unit through a ball joint unit and can rotate, a workpiece positioning and clamping unit arranged on the feeding table unit, and a workpiece rotation driving unit which drives the workpiece positioning and clamping unit to rotate; the workpiece positioning and clamping units are two corresponding to two forming stations, and each workpiece positioning and clamping unit is driven to rotate by a workpiece rotation driving unit; the grinding wheel dressing part includes a driving assembly, a supporting shaft system connected to the driving assembly through a belt transmission mechanism, and a dressing disc which is arranged on the supporting shaft system and located between the upper grinding wheel and the lower grinding wheel.

2. The double-sided grinding machine for brake discs according to claim 1, characterized in that The box body part comprises a base, a lower box body fixed on the base, and an upper box body fixed on the lower box body through four ball joint units.

3. The double-sided grinding machine for brake discs according to claim 2 is characterized in that The upper grinding head part includes a first driving motor, an upper grinding head assembly connected to the first driving motor through a first belt, and an upper grinding wheel arranged on the upper grinding head assembly; the lower grinding head part includes a second driving motor, a lower grinding head assembly connected to the second driving motor through a second belt, and a lower grinding wheel arranged on the lower grinding head assembly; the upper grinding head part and the lower grinding head part are respectively installed in the upper box and the lower box.

4. The double-sided grinding machine for brake discs according to claim 3 is characterized in that The driving assembly includes a hinge seat fixed on the lower box body, a reducer mounting seat arranged on the hinge seat through a first pin shaft, a reducer and a first servo motor fixed on the reducer mounting seat, and the reducer mounting seat is provided with a first adjusting screw supported on the surface of the lower box body; the belt transmission mechanism includes a pair of pulleys arranged on the output shaft of the reducer and the first supporting shaft system and a third belt arranged between the two pulleys; the first supporting shaft system includes a trimming shaft installed in the lower box body through a first upper bearing seat and a first lower bearing seat, and the trimming disc is fixed on the trimming shaft; the first The lower bearing seat and the hole on the lower housing are matched with conventional cylindrical surfaces and are fixed after installation. The outer cylindrical surface of the first upper bearing seat is designed with a first spherical boss, which maintains linear contact with the cylindrical surface of the hole in the lower housing after installation; a first pressure ring is provided below the first flange surface of the first upper bearing seat and a spherical pair is formed between the first pressure ring and the first pressure ring; the first pressure ring is fixed to the lower housing by a first screw, and the first upper bearing seat is fixedly connected to the lower housing by a first fixing screw passing through the first pressure ring; a second adjusting screw in contact with the first pressure ring is provided above the first flange surface of the first upper bearing seat.

5. The double-sided grinding machine for brake discs according to claim 1 is characterized in that The linear feed unit includes a fixed guide rail seat and a movable slide driven by a driving device to slide along the fixed guide rail seat; the driving device includes a second servo motor, a first precision reducer connected to the second servo motor, a ball screw connected to the first precision reducer through a coupling, and a screw nut arranged on the ball screw; the fixed guide rail seat is connected and fixed to the base of the box part, and a V-flat hard rail pair composed of a V-shaped guide rail and a rectangular guide rail is used between the fixed guide rail seat and the movable slide.

6. The double-sided grinding machine for brake discs according to claim 1, characterized in that The feeding table unit includes a spindle mounting seat, a rotatable feeding table arranged on the spindle mounting seat through a spindle assembly, a bracket arranged on the feeding table, and a spindle driving mechanism arranged on the spindle mounting seat and connected to the spindle assembly through a second supporting shaft system and a gear pair. The spindle driving mechanism drives the feeding table to rotate through the second supporting shaft system, the gear pair and the spindle assembly, and the two workpiece positioning and clamping units are symmetrically installed on the bracket; the spindle mounting seat is connected to the movable slide of the linear feed unit through four pairs of ball joint units; the spindle driving mechanism includes a third servo motor, a second precision reducer connected to the third servo motor, and an active bevel gear arranged on the output shaft of the second precision reducer; the second supporting shaft system includes a gear shaft arranged on the spindle mounting seat through a second upper bearing seat and a second lower bearing seat, a driven bevel gear arranged on the gear shaft and meshing with the active bevel gear, and a gear arranged on the gear shaft The driving gear at the lower end of the wheel shaft; the second lower bearing seat and the hole on the main shaft mounting seat adopt conventional cylindrical surface matching, which is fixed after installation; the outer cylindrical surface of the second upper bearing seat is designed with a second spherical boss, which maintains linear contact with the cylindrical surface of the hole in the main shaft mounting seat after installation; the second upper bearing seat is fixed to the main shaft mounting seat by a second pressure ring and a second fixing screw, and a spherical pair is formed between the second flange surface of the second upper bearing seat and the second pressure ring; the second pressure ring is fixed to the main shaft mounting seat by a second screw; a third adjusting screw in contact with the second pressure ring is provided on the second flange surface of the second upper bearing seat; the main shaft assembly includes a main shaft, a connecting flange fixed to the upper end of the main shaft, and a driven gear fixed to the lower end of the main shaft, the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear form a bevel gear pair of the primary transmission, the driving gear and the driven gear form a gear pair of the secondary transmission, and the feeding platform is fixed on the connecting flange.

7. The double-sided grinding machine for brake discs according to claim 6, characterized in that The workpiece positioning and clamping unit includes an axial positioning mechanism and a radial positioning mechanism, the axial positioning mechanism includes a tooling shaft with a step, a cylinder mounting component provided on the tooling shaft and fixed on a bracket with a center hole, three axial clamping cylinders arranged circumferentially on the cylinder mounting component, a roller mounting seat provided at the bottom of the axial clamping cylinder piston rod through a floating joint, and a clamping roller provided on the roller mounting seat through a second pin shaft and a spherical bearing; the radial positioning mechanism includes an expansion sleeve clamping block fixed on the center hole of the tooling shaft and provided with a flange, an expansion sleeve provided between the upper end surface of the tooling shaft and the flange of the expansion sleeve clamping block, and a clamping roller provided on the expansion sleeve. The expansion sleeve clamping mechanism on the sleeve clamping block comprises an expansion sleeve clamping cylinder fixed on the bracket, an expansion sleeve clamping shaft connected to the expansion sleeve clamping cylinder and passing through the center hole of the cylinder mounting component in the axial positioning mechanism, a mounting block arranged at the lower end of the expansion sleeve clamping shaft through a bearing, a pressure plate assembly connected to the mounting block through an elastic fastener, and a spherical adjustment pair arranged between the mounting block and the pressure plate assembly, wherein the spherical adjustment pair comprises an upper spherical panel and a lower spherical panel which can rotate 360° relative to each other; the elastic fastener comprises a bolt, a nut matched with the bolt, and a spring sleeved on the bolt and located between the mounting block and the nut.

8. The double-sided grinding machine for brake discs according to claim 3 is characterized by: The upper grinding wheel and the lower grinding wheel are narrow annular grinding wheels. A group of grinding tiles are evenly fixed in the mounting grooves around the grinding wheel base by a third screw. A plurality of independent water channels are evenly distributed circumferentially inside the grinding wheel base, and each grinding tile corresponds to a water channel.

9. The double-sided grinding machine for brake discs according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that The ball joint unit includes a support shaft, a precision locking nut threaded on the support shaft, and a spherical washer pair that cooperates with the precision locking nut. Each ball joint unit includes two pairs of spherical washer pairs, and the spherical washer pairs include a spherical concave ring and a spherical convex ring that cooperate with each other.

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