Microbial agent for replacing chemical fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, and discloses a microbial agent for replacing a chemical fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and the microbial agent comprises the following components: trichoderma harzianum with a specific dosage of 0.5-1 billion CFU / g, bacillus mucilaginosus with a specific dosage of 10-20 billion CFU / g, and bacillus subtilis with a specific dosage of 21-20 billion CFU / g. The microbial agent and a carrier are prepared into a proper application concentration, the mixture is mixed with farmyard manure according to a weight ratio of 1: 1250-2500, and the mixture is applied to crops, so that more excellent growth promoting and yield increasing effects can be achieved compared with the mixture of a compound fertilizer and the farmyard manure, an unexpected technical effect is achieved, and the microbial agent is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, and in particular to a microbial agent for replacing chemical fertilizers and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

[0003] In modern agricultural production, in order to increase crop yields, farmers usually use chemical fertilizers in combination with organic fertilizers. Although this practice can significantly increase crop growth and yield in the short term, in the long run, it may lead to deterioration of soil structure, such as soil compaction, affecting soil permeability and water retention capacity.

[0004] Although the chemical components in fertilizers, especially phosphorus and potassium, are essential for plant growth, if used improperly or in excess, they can lead to the destruction of soil aggregate structure, causing soil compaction, affecting the development of crop roots and affecting their healthy growth. In addition, these chemicals may also accumulate through the food chain, such as increasing the nitrate content in vegetables, and eventually enter the human body, posing a potential threat to human health.

[0005] In contrast, microbial agents are a more environmentally friendly and sustainable choice. They are derived from nature and can improve soil quality by promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. These microorganisms can decompose organic matter in the soil, releasing nutrients needed by plants, while also inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms and reducing the occurrence of diseases.

[0006] The use of microbial agents helps to improve the biological activity and fertility of the soil, promote the healthy development of crop roots, and thus improve the stress resistance and yield of crops. In addition, due to the natural properties of microbial agents, they have less impact on the environment and help achieve sustainable agricultural development.

[0007] Prior art CN113402335A provides a formula of a biological organic fertilizer containing beneficial bacteria from cattle and sheep manure and its application. The organic fertilizer comprises: cattle or sheep manure, soybean meal, wheat bran or straw, superphosphate, calcium carbonate, beneficial bacteria, and loam or sandy loam or clay; the beneficial bacteria comprises: any one or more of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus gelatinous, Bacillus subtilis, 5406 actinomycetes, Trichoderma harzianum, and LCQ1801, an antagonistic bacterium against Fusarium oxysporum wilt. The prior art points out that biological organic fertilizer can inhibit the occurrence of wilt. The fertilizer is only used to prevent the occurrence of plant wilt, but can only reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, but cannot completely avoid the use of fertilizers. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a microbial agent for replacing chemical fertilizers and a preparation method thereof in view of the defects of the current prior art, and to use the microbial agent to replace the application of chemical fertilizers.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0010] On the one hand, the present application provides a microbial agent, comprising the following components: Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus jelly-like and Bacillus subtilis.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the specific dosage of the components is: 500 million to 1.1 billion CFU / g of Trichoderma harzianum, 1 billion to 2.1 billion CFU / g of Bacillus gelatinosa, and 2.1 billion to 21 billion CFU / g of Bacillus subtilis.

[0012] More preferably, the specific dosage of the components is: 1 billion CFU / g of Trichoderma harzianum, 2 billion CFU / g of Bacillus gelatinosa, and 20 billion CFU / g of Bacillus subtilis.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, it further comprises a carrier, and the carrier is one or more of edible grade glucose, polyglutamic acid or Jiayi powder.

[0014] The Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus jelly-like, Bacillus subtilis and carrier are all commercially available, and any that meets commercial standards can be used.

[0015] On the other hand, the present application provides a method for preparing a microbial agent as described above, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Mix the original strain of Trichoderma harzianum with a carrier to prepare 500-1.1 billion CFU / g;

[0017] Step 2: Mix the jelly-like Bacillus and the Bacillus subtilis with a carrier to prepare 1.0-2.1 billion CFU / g of jelly-like Bacillus and 2.1-21 billion CFU / g of Bacillus subtilis respectively.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the carrier in step 1 is food grade glucose.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the carrier in step 2 is polyglutamic acid and Jiayi powder.

[0020] On the other hand, the present application provides a method for using a microbial agent, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Mix the prepared microbial agent with farmyard manure at a weight ratio of 1:1250-2500 and apply, 300 ml per hole for vegetables and 400 ml per hole for corn.

[0022] Depending on the barrenness of the land, humus from the woods can be added to improve the effect.

[0023] The mixing ratio of microbial agents to farmyard manure can also be adjusted according to the fertilizer requirements of vegetables. For corn, 1:1250 is used; for plants with small nutritional requirements such as lettuce and cabbage, 1:2500 can be used.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment, the farmyard manure in step 1 is a mixture of urine and feces of mammals.

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment, the farmyard manure in step 1 is a mixture of urine and feces of pigs.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. A microbial agent that replaces chemical fertilizers. Theoretically, microorganisms use ammonia, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, calcium and other elements in the excrement of mammals for plant growth without any treatment. Microorganisms are directly added to the roots to replace chemical fertilizers, while solving the problem of high agricultural costs of fermenting organic fertilizers. Microorganisms have sufficient nutrients, their life activity is enhanced, and they grow and divide to form microbial communities; the microbial communities decompose organic matter in farmyard manure and convert it into compounds that can be absorbed by crops, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of farmyard manure, strengthening the anabolism of plants, and utilizing the synergistic and comprehensive effects of various bacteria and substances to promote the widening and greening of plant leaves, thereby improving the photosynthesis effect; when a large number of bacteria consume the organic matter, the degraded substances after the death of the bacteria can be digested, absorbed and utilized by the roots of the plants again, thereby achieving the goal of replacing chemical fertilizers with microorganisms and achieving a high output ratio.

[0028] 2. The microbial agent of the present application can be mixed with farmyard manure to produce an effect of promoting plant growth and increasing production that is significantly better than the effect of mixing chemical fertilizers with farmyard manure. It can directly replace the mixing of chemical fertilizers with farmyard manure to promote crop production and avoid the harm of chemical fertilizers.

[0029] 3. The cost of the microbial agent of the present application is significantly lower than that of chemical fertilizers. The cost of compound fertilizer used for every 100 holes of corn is 12 yuan, and the cost of the microbial agent is 3.2 yuan; the cost of compound fertilizer used for every 100 holes of vegetables is 3.6 yuan, and the cost of the microbial agent is 3.2 yuan; the microbial agent of the present application can greatly reduce the cost of raw materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of corn during the growth period;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a comparison picture of corn fruit;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a comparison picture of green beans during the growth period;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the firmness of French beans;

[0034] Figure 5 Here are pictures of the eggplant’s growth period and fruits;

[0035] Figure 6 These are pictures of the growth conditions of lettuce and peppers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be noted that the test methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples are all commercially available. Edible-grade glucose was purchased from Henan Ruilang Environmental Protection Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the original strain of Trichoderma harzianum, jelly-like Bacillus, Bacillus subtilis, and polyglutamic acid were purchased from Guangzhou Zhen Microbiology Technology Co., Ltd. The Jiayi powder was purchased from Zaozhuang Youshun Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Agricultural compound fertilizer was purchased from Zigong Lvyuan Compound Fertilizer Co., Ltd. Lacquer Branch.

[0037] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0038] Example 1 A method for preparing a microbial agent

[0039] Preparation of microbial agents:

[0040] Weigh the following raw materials by weight: 50 grams of 10 billion CFU / g Trichoderma harzianum original bacteria and 450 grams of food-grade glucose, put them into a food-grade black light-proof sealed jar, shake them by hand and set aside. 100 grams of 10 billion CFU / g jelly-like Bacillus, 100 grams of 100 billion CFU / g Bacillus subtilis, 100 grams of polyglutamic acid, and 200 grams of Jiayi powder, put them into a food-grade black light-proof sealed jar, shake them by hand and set aside.

[0041] Application:

[0042] The prepared microbial agent is mixed with farmyard manure, urine and feces of mammals. In this embodiment, mixed farmyard manure of pigs and humans is used. The root is irrigated according to 1kg:1250-2500kg, 300ml per hole for vegetables and 400ml per hole for corn.

[0043] Vegetable planting experiment:

[0044] Select two sides of a piece of land with similar land properties, fertility and light intensity, and plant green beans respectively. The control group (chemical fertilizer group) applied compound fertilizer with farmyard manure according to the weight ratio of compound fertilizer, and the mixing ratio of compound fertilizer and farmyard manure was: 7.2kg:1000kg, 300ml per hole; the experimental group applied the microbial agent prepared in this embodiment according to 1kg:2500kg to farmyard manure, 300ml per hole. Four groups of repeated experiments were set up for the control group and the experimental group respectively. 100 holes were randomly selected from each group to observe the growth results.

[0045] Experimental results:

[0046] Comparison of green beans during the growth period Figure 3 As shown, from Figure 3 It can be seen that the growth effect of the experimental group is better. Figure 4 As shown, from Figure 4 It can be seen that the result rate of the experimental group is higher.

[0047] The yield results of green beans are as follows:

[0048] Group Control group (fertilizer group) Experimental group (microbial agent group) Average yield / 100 holes 196 catties 198 catties

[0049] Corn planting experiment:

[0050] Select two plots of land with similar properties, fertility and light intensity, and plant corn respectively, with a spacing of 50cm. The corn of the control group (chemical fertilizer group) was applied with agricultural compound fertilizer as base fertilizer per cave 30g, and after the corn grew to 40-50cm, the agricultural compound fertilizer was applied according to the weight ratio of 6kg:1000kg to farmyard manure, 400ml per cave. The corn of the experimental group was not applied with base fertilizer, and after the corn grew to 40-50cm, the microbial agent prepared in this embodiment was applied according to 1kg:1250kg to farmyard manure, 400ml per cave. Four groups of repeated experiments were set for the control group and the experimental group respectively. 100 caves were randomly selected in each group to observe the growth results.

[0051] Experimental results:

[0052] The comparison chart of corn in the growing period is as follows Figure 1 As shown, from Figure 1 It can be seen that the corn in the microbial group grows more vigorously than that in the fertilizer group. Figure 2 The comparison of corn cobs shown in the figure shows that the corn cobs of the microbial group are fuller. 100 randomly selected corn holes were peeled and weighed for comparison. The weight of the corn kernels is shown in the following table:

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 The figures show the experimental effects of the microbial agent of the present application on eggplant, pepper and lettuce. It can be seen that the microbial agent of the present application can be used to promote the growth of vegetables such as eggplant, pepper and lettuce.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] The present application is a further improvement of Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that the formula of the microbial agent is different, and the other preparation proportions and experimental methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0058] The formula of the microbial agent in this comparative example is: 20 billion CFU / g of Bacillus subtilis, 20 billion CFU / g of Bacillus licheniformis, 2 billion CFU / g of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 2 billion CFU / g of Bacillus gelatinosa.

[0059] The preparation method is:

[0060] Weigh 100 g of 10 billion CFU / g Bacillus gelatinosa, 100 g of 100 billion CFU / g Bacillus subtilis, 100 g of 100 billion CFU / g Bacillus licheniformis, 10 g of 100 billion CFU / g Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 100 g of polyglutamic acid, and 90 g of Jiayi powder, put them into a food-grade black sealed jar, shake well and set aside.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] The present application is a further improvement of Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that the formula of the microbial agent is different, and the other preparation proportions and experimental methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0063] The formula of the microbial agent in this comparative example is: 20 billion CFU / g of Bacillus subtilis, 20 billion CFU / g of Bacillus licheniformis, 1 billion CFU / g of Bacillus megaterium, and 2 billion CFU / g of Bacillus gelatinus.

[0064] The preparation method is:

[0065] Weigh 100 g of 10 billion CFU / g Bacillus jelly, 50 g of 10 billion CFU / g Bacillus megaterium, 100 g of 100 billion CFU / g Bacillus subtilis, 100 g of 100 billion CFU / g Bacillus licheniformis, 100 g of polyglutamic acid, and 50 g of Jiayi powder, put them into a food-grade black sealed jar, shake well and set aside.

[0066] The microbial agents of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were tested on corn plants using the same experimental method as in Example 1. 100 randomly selected corn holes were peeled and weighed for comparison. The weight of the corn kernels is shown in the following table:

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solution concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A microbial agent for replacing chemical fertilizers, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components: Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus jelly-like and Bacillus subtilis.

2. The microbial agent for replacing chemical fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific dosage of the components is: 500 million to 1.1 billion CFU / g of Trichoderma harzianum, 1 billion to 2.1 billion CFU / g of Bacillus gelatinus, and 2.1 billion to 21 billion CFU / g of Bacillus subtilis.

3. The microbial agent for replacing chemical fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a carrier, which is one or more of edible-grade glucose, polyglutamic acid or Jiayi powder.

4. The method for preparing a microbial agent for replacing chemical fertilizers according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Mix the original strain of Trichoderma harzianum with a carrier to prepare 500-1.1 billion CFU / g; Step 2: Mix the jelly-like Bacillus and the Bacillus subtilis with a carrier to prepare 1.0-2.1 billion CFU / g of jelly-like Bacillus and 2.1-21 billion CFU / g of Bacillus subtilis respectively.

5. The method for preparing a microbial agent for replacing chemical fertilizers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The carrier in step 1 is food grade glucose.

6. The method for preparing a microbial agent for replacing chemical fertilizers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The carriers in step 2 are polyglutamic acid and Jiayi powder.

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