Simple field preparation method of dictyophora indusiata cultivated species

Abstract

The invention discloses a simple field preparation method of dictyophora indusiata cultivated species in the technical field of dictyophora indusiata cultivation. The simple field preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing a fermentation material; step 2, building a heap and fermenting; step 3, turning the pile; after pile building is completed, the material pile is turned through a pile turning device every 7-10 days, and meanwhile the pile turning device properly sprays water to the material pile according to the humidity degree of the compost; 4, field preparation; 5, soil preparation and furrow bed forming; 6, sowing and earthing in a field; laying a culture material on the furrow bed, inoculating a strain on the surface layer of the culture material, covering a layer of culture material, covering soil on the furrow surface, and covering straw after the soil covering is completed; 7, field cultivation and irregular detection are carried out. According to the method, the characteristic that the dictyophora indusiata is good in field hybrid resistance is utilized, the dictyophora indusiata strains are simply and rapidly bred in the field after rice is harvested, the cost is reduced, the quality of dictyophora indusiata finished products is improved, and meanwhile the dictyophora indusiata cultivation period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of long-skirted bamboo fungus cultivation, and specifically relates to a simple field preparation method for long-skirted bamboo fungus cultivation species. Background Art

[0002] Long-skirted bamboo fungus is a kind of fungus of the genus Dictyophora in the family Phallaceae. It is also known as bamboo fungus, bamboo fungus, bamboo ginseng, etc. It is one of the traditional precious edible fungi in China. Long-skirted bamboo fungus is rich in various nutrients, such as amino acids, riboflavin, fungal polysaccharides, etc. Among them, the content of amino acids reaches 21 kinds, especially the content of glutamic acid accounts for more than 17.0% of the total amino acids, and most of them exist in the form of bacterial protein and are not easy to lose. Long-skirted bamboo fungus has the effects of anticoagulation, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, lowering blood sugar, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood lipids, improving immunity, weight loss, stopping diarrhea, antiseptic, and anti-oxidation. Chinese medicine believes that long-skirted bamboo fungus can clear away heat and moisten the lungs, replenish qi and nourish yin, promote dampness, stop cough, and promote blood circulation. It is mainly used to treat lung deficiency heat cough, laryngitis, and leucorrhea. It can also be used for pain relief, weight loss, chronic bronchitis, dysentery, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, tumors and other diseases. At the same time, because of its unique taste and rich nutritional value, long-skirted bamboo fungus enjoys a high reputation in the market and is known as the "golden price of bamboo fungus".

[0003] In recent years, with the continuous development of artificial cultivation technology, the output of long skirt bamboo fungus has gradually increased, but its preciousness and economic value remain unchanged. The traditional long skirt bamboo fungus artificial cultivation technology uses mushroom sticks to make cultivars, and needs to be cultivated in a culture room during cultivation. At the same time, its nutrients need to be sterilized by high-temperature boiling before fermentation. Although this method can effectively cultivate long skirt bamboo fungus on a large scale, its process is complicated and the management is cumbersome. It is necessary to purchase sterilization equipment and mushroom stick bagging machines and build a culture room, thereby increasing the equipment cost. The increase in equipment will also lead to an increase in manual maintenance and management costs, further increasing the cost, and will also make the sequence and management more complicated, resulting in a longer cycle for the entire cultivation. For this reason, it is necessary to propose a simple field preparation method for long skirt bamboo fungus cultivars, which utilizes the good resistance of bamboo fungus in the field to simply and quickly breed bamboo fungus species in the field after rice harvesting, so as to reduce costs and improve the quality of long skirt bamboo fungus products, while shortening the cultivation cycle of long skirt bamboo fungus. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple field preparation method for long-skirted bamboo fungus cultivars, which utilizes the good resistance of bamboo fungus in the field to simply and quickly breed bamboo fungus species in the field after rice harvesting, so as to reduce costs and improve the quality of long-skirted bamboo fungus products, while shortening the cultivation period of long-skirted bamboo fungus.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a simple field preparation method of long-skirted bamboo fungus cultivar, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, raw material preparation: prepare the fermentation material according to the culture medium formula and cultivation area of ​​the long skirt bamboo fungus;

[0007] Step 2, pile building and fermentation: 45-50 days before the planting of long skirt bamboo fungus, lay a layer of culture medium with a thickness of 25-30 cm according to the culture medium formula, sprinkle quicklime and bran, and then pour water, repeat the above operation to pile up multiple layers, stir the pile evenly after the multiple layers of pile, and make the pile into a trapezoidal shape with a height of 1.2-1.5 meters;

[0008] Step 3, turning the compost: After the compost is built, the compost is turned every 7-10 days by a compost turning device, and the compost turning device sprays water on the compost appropriately according to the dryness and wetness of the culture medium;

[0009] Step 4: Field preparation: Use a micro-tillage machine to turn over and level the fields after rice harvest, apply 50-60 kg of quicklime powder evenly per acre of the field, and expose to the sun for sterilization;

[0010] Step 5: Land preparation and ridge building: The land is prepared and ridges are built in the prepared fields. The ridge length and drainage ditches are determined according to the size of the fields. The ridge length is consistent with the length of the fields. The drainage ditches are arranged along the sides or in the middle of the ridges to form an effective drainage network.

[0011] Step six, field sowing and covering with soil: first, lay a layer of black net on the bed, and then lay a 25-30 cm thick fermented culture medium on it, inoculate the long-skirted bamboo fungus in a plum blossom shape on the surface of the culture medium, and then cover it with a 5 cm thick layer of culture medium, and then lay a layer of sun-proof black net, and then cover the bed with a 5-6 cm thick soil, and after the soil covering is completed, cover it with a 2-5 cm thick straw.

[0012] Step seven, field cultivation and irregular testing: 15 days after the cultivation of seeds, irregular sampling inspection of the germination and feeding of the strains. Normally grown cultivation strains are white and fluffy. If the blocky strains are found to turn black and smell bad, find out the reasons and re-sow in time to ensure the survival rate of the strains and prevent rodent damage.

[0013] Furthermore, in the step 3, the weather selected for turning the pile is a sunny day, and the time selected for turning the pile is 9:00-13:00 in the morning; the number of times the pile is turned each time is 2-3 times.

[0014] Furthermore, in step five, the width of the bed is 50-60 cm, and the width of the drainage ditch is 25-35 cm.

[0015] Furthermore, in step six, the spacing between inoculation points is 10-15 cm, and the volume of each long-skirted bamboo fungus block is 1-2 cubic centimeters.

[0016] Furthermore, in step six, the sowing time of the cultivated species of Dictyophora longifolia is selected between the end of September and mid-October.

[0017] Furthermore, in the step 1, the composition and weight ratio of the cultivation medium of Dictyophora longifolia are as follows: 30-40 parts of bamboo chips, 40-50 parts of sawdust, 5-10 parts of bran, 0.5-1 part of quicklime, 0.5-1 part of gypsum powder and 40-50 parts of black fungus residue.

[0018] Furthermore, the formula composition and weight ratio of the cultivation medium of the long-skirted bamboo fungus are: 39 parts of bamboo chips, 50 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 10 parts of bran, 0.5 parts of quicklime and 0.5 parts of gypsum powder.

[0019] Furthermore, the formula composition and weight ratio of the cultivation medium of the long-skirted bamboo fungus are as follows: 39 parts of bamboo chips, 50 parts of black fungus residues, 10 parts of bran, 0.5 parts of quicklime and 0.5 parts of gypsum powder.

[0020] Further, in the step three, the compost turning device includes a vehicle body and a controller, a through slot is provided at the bottom of the vehicle body, a rotating shaft is provided in the through slot, humidity sensors are fixedly connected to both inner side walls of the through slot, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, a rotating hub is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, a spiral blade for compost turning is fixedly connected to the rotating hub along its length direction, an air jet assembly and a spray assembly are respectively fixedly connected to the top wall of the through slot, a detection assembly for detecting the temperature and color of the pile is installed on the vehicle body, and the vehicle body, the humidity sensor, the air jet assembly, the spray assembly and the detection assembly are all electrically connected to the controller;

[0021] The jet assembly includes an air pump fixedly connected to the inside of the vehicle body, the air pump is connected to a plurality of jet heads fixedly connected to the top wall of the through slot, and the air pump is electrically connected to the controller;

[0022] The spray assembly includes a water pump fixedly connected to the inside of the vehicle body, the water pump input end is connected to a water tank, the water pump output end is connected to a plurality of water spray heads, and the water pump is electrically connected to the controller;

[0023] The detection component includes a camera and a temperature sensor fixedly connected to the vehicle body, and the camera and the temperature sensor are both electrically connected to the controller.

[0024] Furthermore, a plurality of atomization holes with a diameter of 0.1-0.2 mm are provided on the surface of the water spray head.

[0025] The following beneficial effects are achieved by adopting the above scheme: (1) Compared with the traditional cultivation technology that requires high-temperature steaming and sterilization of nutrient materials before fermentation, the present invention saves the cost of purchasing sterilization equipment and its maintenance and other labor costs by directly building piles of nutrient materials for fermentation, and also shortens the entire cultivation period of long-skirted bamboo fungus. It can also ensure the full fermentation of the culture medium and the appropriate humidity and temperature conditions, providing a good matrix environment for the growth of long-skirted bamboo fungus, thereby improving the success rate and yield of cultivation. In addition, using the fields after rice harvest for cultivation not only saves land costs, but also saves the mushroom stick bagging machine and corresponding labor costs required for traditional long-skirted bamboo fungus cultivation, and there is no need to build a mushroom culture room like the traditional cultivation method, thereby further saving the entire cultivation cost; by rationally utilizing agricultural waste (such as straw, etc.), a certain protection is provided for the cultivation of long-skirted bamboo fungus, and quicklime powder is used for sun exposure and sterilization in the field preparation stage, which effectively reduces pathogens and pests in the soil, creates a safer and healthier growth environment for the growth of long-skirted bamboo fungus, and enhances its disease resistance.

[0026] (2) By utilizing the good resistance of D. longiflora to weeds in the field, not only can the cultivation of D. longiflora in the field be completed quickly and easily, but also the adaptability of D. longiflora in the field is relatively enhanced, and not only is its stress resistance better, but also its growth is more vigorous, its vitality is stronger, and its feed-eating rate is faster than that of traditional cultivation techniques, so that its mushrooms are produced earlier, last longer, and have better quality, thereby reducing costs while improving cultivation efficiency, yield, and quality, and thus significantly improving the economic benefits of D. longiflora cultivation.

[0027] (3) The compost turning device realizes real-time monitoring of the humidity, temperature and color of the pile through a controller, a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor and a camera. At the same time, the corresponding environmental factors are adjusted through an air pump, a water pump and corresponding nozzles according to the detection data, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the compost turning operation; air or water spraying operations are performed according to the actual situation of the pile, thereby avoiding waste of resources and environmental pollution; thus, the fermentation efficiency is improved through this scientific and intelligent compost turning management, so that the fermented material can be fully fermented and decomposed into more organic nutrients, thereby further promoting the fermentation of the bamboo fungus cultivation medium, which is beneficial to improving the yield and quality of bamboo fungus, and at the same time, reducing the labor burden and management costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process of the simple field preparation method of the long skirt bamboo fungus cultivar in this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 2 It is an axonometric diagram of a compost turning device in the simple field preparation method of the long-skirted bamboo fungus cultivar in this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a front view of the compost turning device in the simple field preparation method of the long-skirted bamboo fungus cultivar in this embodiment.

[0031] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. vehicle body; 2. rotating hub; 3. spiral blade; 4. camera; 5. temperature sensor; 6. rotating shaft; 7. nozzle; 8. water spray head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] A simple field preparation method for a cultivar of Dictyophora longifolia comprises the following steps:

[0035] Step 1, raw material preparation: prepare the fermentation material according to the culture medium formula and cultivation area of ​​​​the long-skirted bamboo fungus.

[0036] Step 2, pile building and fermentation: 50 days before the planting of long skirt bamboo fungus, lay a layer of culture medium with a thickness of 30 cm according to the culture medium formula, sprinkle with quicklime and bran, and then pour with water, repeat the above operation to carry out multi-layer stacking, after the multi-layer stacking, stir the material pile evenly, and make the material pile into a trapezoidal shape with a height of 1.5 meters; through pile building and fermentation, complex carbohydrates can be decomposed and decomposed, and transformed into nutrients that bamboo fungus hyphae can easily absorb and utilize. On the one hand, it increases the nitrogen content of the culture medium, makes the culture medium soft and decomposed, so as to facilitate the degradation of hyphae and the growth of mycelium; on the other hand, it eliminates miscellaneous bacteria. The high temperature generated during the fermentation process can kill miscellaneous bacteria and pests in the culture medium and destroy the alkaloids in the culture medium.

[0037] Step 3, turning the compost: after the pile is built, the compost is turned every 10 days by a compost turning device. At the same time, the compost turning device sprays water on the compost appropriately according to the dryness and wetness of the compost to keep the moisture content of the compost at about 60%; the compost turning time is selected after 9 am on a sunny day when the temperature is high to reduce heat loss and facilitate the compost to heat up and ferment again.

[0038] The compost turning device comprises a vehicle body 1 and a controller. A through groove is provided at the bottom of the vehicle body 1. Humidity sensors are fixedly connected to the two inner side walls of the through groove by screws to detect the humidity of the pile, so as to facilitate timely adjustment by the staff. A rotating shaft 6 is provided in the through groove. The rotating shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the vehicle body 1. A rotating hub 2 is coaxially integrally formed on the rotating shaft 6. The rotating hub 2 is welded with spiral blades 3 for compost turning along its length direction. The top wall of the through groove is respectively fixedly connected with an air jet assembly and a spray assembly. A detection assembly for detecting the temperature and color of the pile is installed on the vehicle body 1. The vehicle body 1, the humidity sensor, the air jet assembly, the spray assembly and the detection assembly are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0039] The jet assembly includes an air pump fixedly connected to the inside of the vehicle body 1 by bolts, the air pump is connected to a plurality of jet heads 7 fixedly connected to the top wall of the through slot, and the air pump is electrically connected to the controller;

[0040] The spray assembly includes a water pump fixedly connected to the inside of the vehicle body 1 by bolts, the input end of the water pump is connected to a water tank, the output end of the water pump is connected to a plurality of water spray heads 8, the surface of the water spray head 8 is provided with a plurality of atomizing holes with a diameter of 0.1-0.2 mm, and the water pump is electrically connected to the controller;

[0041] The detection component includes a camera 4 and a temperature sensor 5 which are fixedly connected to the vehicle body 1 with screws, and the camera 4 and the temperature sensor 5 are both electrically connected to the controller.

[0042] Step 4, field preparation: Use a micro-tillage machine to turn over and level the fields after rice harvest, evenly apply 60kg of quicklime powder per acre of field, and expose to the sun for sterilization; and the fields must have unpolluted water sources, fertile soil, rich in organic matter, good air permeability, easy drainage and irrigation, convenient transportation, and convenient transportation of planting materials.

[0043] Step 5, land preparation and ridge making: land preparation and ridge making in the prepared field, the width of the ridge is 60 cm, the width of the drainage ditch is 35 cm, the length of the ridge and the drainage ditch are determined according to the size of the field, the length of the ridge is consistent with the length of the field, the drainage ditch is arranged along the sides or middle of the ridge to form an effective drainage network.

[0044] Step six, field sowing and covering with soil: first, lay a layer of black net on the bed, and then lay a 30 cm thick fermented culture medium on it, and then from December to February of the following year, inoculate the long-skirted bamboo fungus in a plum blossom shape on the surface of the culture medium, and the inoculation point spacing is 12 cm. The volume of each long-skirted bamboo fungus block is 1 cubic centimeter. Then cover it with a layer of culture medium with a thickness of 5 cm, and then lay a layer of sun-proof black net, and then cover the bed with a thickness of 5 cm of soil. After the soil covering is completed, cover it with a thickness of 3 cm of straw.

[0045] Step seven, field cultivation and irregular testing: 15 days after the cultivation of seeds, irregular sampling inspection of the germination and feeding of the strains. Normally grown cultivation strains are white and fluffy. If the blocky strains are found to turn black and smell bad, find out the reasons and re-sow in time to ensure the survival rate of the strains and prevent rodent damage.

[0046] The specific implementation process of the pile turning device is as follows: first, the vehicle body 1 is started, so that the material pile is located in the through groove of the vehicle body 1, and the rotating shaft 6 is started. Since the rotating shaft 6 is integrally formed with a rotating hub 2, and the rotating hub 2 is integrally formed with a spiral piece 3, the spiral piece 3 will also rotate under the rotation of the rotating shaft 6, and the vehicle body 1 slowly moves toward the material pile, so that the spiral piece 3 can fully turn the material pile, so that the inner and outer materials are exchanged.

[0047] During the movement of the vehicle body 1, the humidity sensor will detect the humidity of the pile in real time and transmit it to the controller, which will analyze and judge based on the preset humidity. When the real-time humidity is less than the preset value, the controller will control the water pump to start, pump water from the water tank, and spray it on the pile through the sprinkler head 8 connected to it. At the same time, the atomization hole set on the sprinkler head 8 can disperse the water flow into a mist, so as to accurately control the humidity of the pile at about 60%. While turning the pile, the camera 4 will collect the image information of the pile and transmit it to the controller, and the controller will analyze its color characteristics and compare it based on the preset color characteristics (brown), so as to more scientifically judge the fermentation completion, which is conducive to fermentation, and also conducive to the removal of waste gas and supplementation of oxygen. In this process, the controller will always control the air pump to start, and spray the air to the pile through the spray head 7 to supplement oxygen, and at the same time, it can blow off the materials attached to the spiral blade 3 to improve the efficiency of turning the pile.

[0048] Embodiment 2:

[0049] The difference from the above embodiment is that in the step one, the formula composition and weight ratio of the cultivation medium of the long-skirted bamboo fungus are: 30-40 parts of bamboo chips, 40-50 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 5-10 parts of bran, 0.5-1 part of quicklime, 0.5-1 part of gypsum powder and 40-50 parts of black fungus residue.

[0050] Embodiment 3:

[0051] The difference from the above embodiment is that, in terms of weight, the composition and weight ratio of the cultivation medium of Dictyophora longifolia are: 39 parts of bamboo chips, 50 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 10 parts of bran, 0.5 parts of quicklime and 0.5 parts of gypsum powder.

[0052] Embodiment 4:

[0053] The difference from the above embodiment is that, in terms of weight, the composition and weight ratio of the cultivation medium of Dictyophora longifolia are: 39 parts of bamboo scraps, 50 parts of black fungus residues, 10 parts of bran, 0.5 parts of quicklime and 0.5 parts of gypsum powder.

[0054] Experimental verification

[0055] 1. Experimental Methods (Experiment 1)

[0056] 1. Grouping: The long skirt bamboo fungus cultivation medium was prepared according to the long skirt bamboo fungus cultivation medium formula described in Example 3, and then grouped and cultivated according to the long skirt bamboo fungus traditional cultivation method and the long skirt bamboo fungus field simple seed production method of this scheme, with the long skirt bamboo fungus traditional cultivation method (raw material preparation - mixing - bagging - sterilization - cooling, inoculation, indoor cultivation) as the control group, and the long skirt bamboo fungus field simple seed production method (raw material preparation - pile fermentation - pile turning - field preparation - land preparation and ridge raising - field sowing and covering - field cultivation and irregular testing) as the experimental group.

[0057] 2. Experimental results

[0058] Table 1 Comparative data on the yield of bamboo fungus obtained by two long skirt cultivation methods

[0059]

[0060] By analyzing the above Table 1, it is found that compared with the cultivars produced by the traditional cultivation method of long skirt bamboo fungus, the cultivars produced by the simple field seed production method of long skirt bamboo fungus in this scheme not only germinate quickly, have strong feeding ability and vitality, but also have good stress resistance, good growth, and enhanced strain adaptability, which shows that the long skirt bamboo fungus field simple seed production method strain growth is based on advantages. At the same time, this scheme not only has a higher and more stable yield, and the strain has better stress resistance, but also has a lower cost of strain production and is easy to operate, which is easier for enterprises and farmers to accept in technology promotion.

[0061] 1. Experimental Methods (Experiment 2)

[0062] Grouping: The first culture medium and the second culture medium were prepared according to the culture medium formulas in Example 3 and Example 4, and four groups (experimental group 1 and experimental group 2, control group 1 and control group 2) were formed. The experimental group 1 and the experimental group 2 respectively used the first culture medium and the second culture medium and cultivated according to the cultivation method in Example 1 (the compost turning method used the compost turning device described in Example 1 for compost turning), the control group 1 and the control group 2 respectively used the first culture medium and the second culture medium, and the compost turning method of the control group used a compost turning device on the market for compost turning (the other steps were the same as the experimental group).

[0063] 2. Experimental results

[0064] Table 2 Comparison of the growth of long skirt bamboo fungus

[0065]

[0066] By analyzing the above Table 2, the experimental group (the present invention / the first culture medium) is compared with the experimental group (the present invention / the second culture medium), and the long-skirted bamboo fungus obtained in the experimental group (the present invention / the first culture medium) has an earlier fruiting time, a relatively higher fruiting rate, and a higher yield rate, so that the first culture medium has a better cultivation effect of the long-skirted bamboo fungus than the second culture medium. The present invention can simply and quickly breed bamboo fungus species in the field after rice harvesting, and use low-temperature cultivation to make the long-skirted bamboo fungus hyphae grow vigorously and strongly, so that it has an early fruiting time, a long time, and better quality. And after turning the compost by the compost turning device described in Example 1, the compost ferments more fully, so that the long-skirted bamboo fungus has an earlier fruiting time, a longer duration, and better quality.

[0067] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0068] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. The common sense such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A simple field preparation method for a cultivar of Dictyophora longifolia, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, raw material preparation: prepare the fermentation material according to the culture medium formula and cultivation area of ​​the long skirt bamboo fungus; Step 2, pile building and fermentation: 45-50 days before the cultivation of the long skirt bamboo fungus, lay a layer of culture medium with a thickness of 25-30 cm according to the culture medium formula, sprinkle quicklime and bran, and then pour water, repeat the above operation to pile up multiple layers, stir the pile evenly after the multiple layers of pile, and make the pile into a trapezoidal shape with a height of 1.2-1.5 meters; Step 3, turning the compost: After the compost is built, the compost is turned every 7-10 days by a compost turning device, and the compost turning device sprays water on the compost appropriately according to the dryness and wetness of the culture medium; Step 4: Field preparation: Use a micro-tillage machine to turn over and level the fields after rice harvest, apply 50-60 kg of quicklime powder evenly per acre of the field, and expose to the sun for sterilization; Step 5: Land preparation and ridge building: The land is prepared and ridges are built in the prepared fields. The ridge length and drainage ditches are determined according to the size of the fields. The ridge length is consistent with the length of the fields. The drainage ditches are arranged along the sides or in the middle of the ridges to form a drainage network. Step 6, field sowing and covering soil: first, lay a layer of black net on the bed, then lay a fermented culture medium with a thickness of 25-30 cm on it, inoculate the long-skirted bamboo fungus species on the surface of the culture medium in a plum blossom shape, then cover it with a layer of culture medium with a thickness of 5 cm, then lay a layer of sunscreen black net, and then cover the bed surface with a thickness of 5-6 cm of soil, and after the covering is completed, cover it with straw with a thickness of 2-5 cm; Step seven, field cultivation and irregular testing: 15 days after the cultivation strains are sown, random sampling is performed to check the germination and feeding conditions of the strains. Normally grown cultivation strains are white and fluffy. If the blocky strains are found to turn black and have a foul odor, the cause must be identified and re-sown in time to ensure the survival rate of the strains and prevent rodent damage.

2. The simple field preparation method of the long-skirted bamboo fungus cultivar according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 3, the weather selected for turning the pile is a sunny day, and the time selected for turning the pile is 9:00-13:00 in the morning; the number of times the pile is turned each time is 2-3 times.

3. The simple field preparation method of the cultivar of Dictyophora longifolia according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 5, the width of the bed is 50-60 cm, and the width of the drainage ditch is 25-35 cm.

4. The simple field preparation method of the long-skirted bamboo fungus cultivar according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step six, the spacing between the inoculation points is 10-15 cm, and the volume of each long-skirted bamboo fungus block is 1-2 cubic centimeters.

5. The simple field preparation method of the cultivar of Dictyophora longifolia according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step six, the sowing time of the long-skirted bamboo fungus cultivar is selected between the end of September and mid-October.

6. The simple field preparation method of the cultivar of Dictyophora longifolia according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the composition and weight ratio of the cultivation medium of Dictyophora longifolia are as follows: 30-40 parts of bamboo chips, 40-50 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 5-10 parts of bran, 0.5-1 part of quicklime, 0.5-1 part of gypsum powder and 40-50 parts of black fungus residue.

7. The simple field preparation method of the cultivar of Dictyophora longifolia according to claim 6, characterized in that: The composition and weight ratio of the cultivation medium of the long-skirted bamboo fungus are as follows: 39 parts of bamboo chips, 50 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 10 parts of bran, 0.5 parts of quicklime and 0.5 parts of gypsum powder.

8. The simple field preparation method of the cultivar of Dictyophora longifolia according to claim 6, characterized in that: The composition and weight ratio of the cultivation medium of long-skirted bamboo fungus are as follows: 39 parts of bamboo scraps, 50 parts of black fungus residues, 10 parts of bran, 0.5 parts of quicklime and 0.5 parts of gypsum powder.

9. The simple field preparation method of the cultivar of Dictyophora longifolia according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 3, the compost turning device comprises a vehicle body (1) and a controller, a through groove is formed at the bottom of the vehicle body (1), humidity sensors are fixedly connected to both inner side walls of the through groove, a rotating shaft (6) is provided in the through groove, the rotating shaft (6) is rotatably connected to the vehicle body (1), a rotating hub (2) is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (6), a spiral blade (3) for compost turning is fixedly connected to the rotating hub (2) along its length direction, an air jet assembly and a spray assembly are fixedly connected to the top wall of the through groove, a detection assembly for detecting the temperature and color of the pile is installed on the vehicle body (1), and the vehicle body (1), the humidity sensor, the air jet assembly, the spray assembly and the detection assembly are all electrically connected to the controller; The jet assembly comprises an air pump fixedly connected to the inside of the vehicle body (1), the air pump is connected to a plurality of jet heads (7) fixedly connected to the top wall of the through slot, and the air pump is electrically connected to the controller; The spraying assembly comprises a water pump fixedly connected to the inside of the vehicle body (1), the water pump input end is connected to a water tank, the water pump output end is connected to a plurality of water spray heads (8), and the water pump is electrically connected to a controller; The detection component comprises a camera (4) and a temperature sensor (5) which are fixedly connected to the vehicle body (1); the camera (4) and the temperature sensor (5) are both electrically connected to the controller.

10. The simple field preparation method of the cultivar of Dictyophora longifolia according to claim 9, characterized in that: The surface of the water spray head (8) is provided with a plurality of atomization holes with a diameter of 0.1-0.2 mm.

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