Method for efficiently preventing and controlling peach pulp brown spot disease

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for efficiently preventing and controlling peach pulp brown spot disease, which comprises the following steps of: brushing specific liquid medicine on the surfaces of branches and trunks of peach trees, manufacturing a fence around the trunks by using a plastic flat net, filling special lime soil in gaps between the fence and the trunks, and pouring specific fertilizer liquid; the positions, above the fence, of the trunk, the main branches and the side branches are bound through non-woven fabric belts soaked with liquid medicine; afterwards, the lime soil filled in the fence is regularly watered with fertilizer liquid, and the fertilizer liquid is sprayed on the cerclaged non-woven fabric belt. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and easy to operate and efficient and safe in action, and the prevention effect on the peach pulp brown spot disease can reach 80% or above.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to a method for efficiently preventing and controlling peach flesh brown spot disease. Background Art

[0002] Peach flesh brown spot disease refers to the white to brown, superficial to deep spot-like lesions that begin to appear on the flesh tissue of peach fruits near maturity. In mild cases, it affects the product performance, and in severe cases, it loses its edible and commercial value. In recent years, with the continuous and rapid development of a number of high-quality mid- and late-maturing varieties such as Jinxiu Yellow Peach and Yingzui Peach in the southern peach producing areas, the scope and severity of peach flesh brown spot disease have been expanding and aggravating, causing significant economic losses to peach farmers and even crop failure. According to relevant reports, peach flesh brown spot disease is a physiological disease that is closely related to the imbalance of mineral nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, and boron, but so far there is a lack of successful cases of the application of targeted prevention and control technical measures. Summary of the invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the inventors of the present invention conducted a comprehensive investigation in the main producing counties (cities, districts) of Fujian Jinxiu Yellow Peach, Yingzui Peach and other varieties, and analyzed and clarified that the damage to branches and trunks caused by high temperature and strong light, diseases and insect pests are the dominant causes of the serious occurrence of peach brown spot disease. Based on the comprehensive results of a large number of targeted, exploratory and transformative technical tests and demonstrations, a method for effectively preventing and controlling peach brown spot disease was proposed. The method is simple and easy to operate, has a long-lasting, efficient and safe effect, and the prevention effect of peach brown spot disease can reach more than 80%.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for efficiently preventing and controlling peach flesh brown spot disease, comprising the following steps: 1) Apply a layer of liquid medicine evenly on the surface of peach tree branches; 2) Use plastic flat nets to make fences around tree trunks, and fill the gap between the fence and the tree trunks with lime soil, and then pour fertilizer liquid into the lime soil to utilize the absorption function of branches and trunks to enhance the supply of trace elements to the tree body; 3) Use non-woven bands to tie the trunk, main branches and side branches above the fence; 4) Regularly pour fertilizer solution into the lime soil filled in the fence, and spray the liquid medicine on the non-woven fabric belt of the cerclage.

[0005] Furthermore, the liquid medicine in step 1) is prepared by mixing sodium rosinate, quicklime powder and water in a mass ratio of 1:4:50.

[0006] Furthermore, the plastic flat net in step 2) is 50 cm high and has a hole diameter less than 1 cm; it is used to surround the tree trunk to form a barrel-shaped fence that is 2 to 3 times the diameter of the tree trunk.

[0007] Furthermore, the lime soil in step 2) is prepared by mixing red soil or yellow soil with a particle diameter of less than 1 cm and quicklime powder in a mass ratio of 50:1.

[0008] Furthermore, the fertilizer solution in step 2) is mixed with calcium ammonium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and water in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.5:200; the amount of fertilizer added is 5kg to 10kg per peach tree each time.

[0009] Furthermore, the non-woven fabric tape in step 3) is 0.5 cm thick and 15 cm wide, and is soaked in a liquid medicine for more than 15 minutes before use to control pests and diseases and physical damage to branches and trunks.

[0010] Furthermore, in step 4), during the young fruit stage and the ripening stage, the lime soil filled in the fence is irrigated with fertilizer solution every 15 days for 2 to 3 times in a row; during the growing season, the non-woven fabric band of the ring is sprayed with liquid medicine once every 45 days until the non-woven fabric band is soaked.

[0011] The significant advantages of the present invention are: After the present invention uses a specially prepared liquid medicine to brush the branches and trunks, a fence made of a plastic flat net ring tree trunk is filled with specially prepared lime soil, and a specific fertilizer liquid is poured in regularly to control the trunk from being attacked by pests and physical damage to cause serious gum flow, and the tree trunk absorption function is used to improve the supply capacity of trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc in the tree body; at the same time, the trunk and the main branches and side branches above the fence are ringed with a non-woven fabric band soaked with a specially prepared liquid medicine, and the non-woven fabric ringed on the main and side branches is regularly saturated with a specific liquid medicine, which focuses on controlling the main and side branches from being attacked by pests and physical damage to cause serious gum flow, reducing the loss of nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc in the tree body due to gum flow, and ensuring smooth nutrient delivery of the tree body. The method of the present invention is simple and easy to operate, has a long-lasting, efficient and safe effect, and can achieve a prevention effect of more than 80% on peach fruit brown spot. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the preparation method of the materials used in the examples.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of specific operations in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] A method for efficiently preventing and controlling peach flesh brown spot disease, comprising the following steps: 1. Preparation of materials: 1) Preparation of the liquid medicine: Mix sodium rosinate, quicklime powder and water in a mass ratio of 1:4:50 to form a liquid medicine; 2) Preparation of lime soil: Mix red soil or yellow soil with particle diameter less than 1 cm with quicklime powder in a mass ratio of 50:1 to make lime soil; 3) Preparation of fertilizer solution: Mix calcium ammonium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and water in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.5:200 to form fertilizer solution; 4) Preparation of non-woven tape: Cut a 0.5 cm thick white non-woven fabric into 15 cm wide strips and soak them in a solution of sodium rosinate, quicklime powder and water in a mass ratio of 1:4:50 for more than 15 minutes; 2. Specific operations: 5) Use a scraper to scrape off the rough, old, warped bark, diseased spots, gum flow, etc. on the trunk and main branches, then evenly apply a layer of liquid medicine on the surface, and then sprinkle with quicklime powder; 6) Wrap a 50cm high plastic flat net with a hole diameter of less than 1cm around the tree trunk, and sew it with stainless wire or plastic tie to form a barrel-shaped fence 2 to 3 times the diameter of the tree trunk. Then fill the gap between the fence and the tree trunk with lime soil, and then pour 5kg to 10kg of fertilizer into the lime soil for each tree; 7) Use non-woven fabrics soaked in liquid medicine to tie the trunk, main branches and side branches above the fence tightly, and seal the interface of the non-woven fabrics with tape; 8) During the young fruit stage and the ripening stage, apply fertilizer liquid to the lime soil filled in the fence every 15 days for 2 to 3 times in a row. During the growing season, spray the non-woven fabrics tied to the trunk, main branches and side branches with liquid medicine once every 45 days until the non-woven fabrics are soaked.

[0015] In order to make the contents of the present invention easier to understand, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example

[0016] like Figure 1~2 As shown, a method for effectively preventing and controlling peach flesh brown spot disease, the specific implementation steps are as follows: 1. Material preparation (1) Cut a 50cm high plastic flat net with a hole diameter of less than 1cm to a length 2 to 3 times the circumference of the tree trunk; (2) Mix sodium rosinate, quicklime powder and clean water in a mass ratio of 1:4:50 to form a liquid; (3) Dig up red or yellow soil locally or elsewhere and pound it into fine soil with a particle diameter of less than 1 cm, and mix it with quicklime powder at a mass ratio of 50:1 to form lime soil; (4) Mix calcium ammonium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and clean water in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.5:200 to form a fertilizer solution; (5) Cut a 0.5 cm thick white non-woven fabric into 15 cm wide strips and soak them in a solution of sodium rosinate, quicklime powder and water in a mass ratio of 1:4:50 for more than 15 minutes.

[0017] 2. Specific operations: (6) Use a scraper to scrape off the rough, old, warped bark, diseased spots, and gum oozing from the trunk and branches, then apply the prepared solution thoroughly, and then sprinkle with quicklime powder; (7) Use the cut plastic flat net to evenly surround the tree trunk, sew it into a barrel shape with stainless wire or plastic tie, fill it with lime soil, and pour in 5kg~10kg of fertilizer liquid; (8) Use non-woven tape soaked in liquid medicine to tightly tie the trunk, main branches and side branches above the fence, and seal the interface of the non-woven tape with tape; (9) During the young fruit stage and the ripening stage, apply fertilizer solution to the lime soil in the fence once every 15 days for 2 to 3 times in a row. During the growing season, spray the non-woven fabric belts tied to the tree trunk, main branches and side branches with liquid medicine once every 45 days.

[0018] Application Examples In mid-September 2023, 12 7-year-old 'Jinxiu' yellow peach plants with similar crown size and tree growth were selected from Jinniukeng Orchard in Xikou Village, Xikou Town, Jianning County, Fujian Province. A random arrangement and 6-repetition block design method was adopted to conduct an efficient prevention and control effect test of peach brown spot disease according to the method described in the embodiment. The investigation and analysis results were conducted on July 28, 2024, as shown in Table 1.

[0019] Table 1 Analysis of the experimental effect of high-efficiency prevention and control of brown spot disease in Jinxiu yellow peach

[0020] The results in Table 1 show that the fruit brown spot rate, brown spot index and spot color coefficient of the plants treated with prevention and control were only 8.97%, 2.32% and 6.62% of those of the untreated control plants, respectively, and the differences were extremely significant.

[0021] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for efficiently preventing and controlling peach flesh brown spot disease, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Apply a layer of liquid medicine evenly on the surface of peach tree branches; 2) Use plastic flat nets to make fences around tree trunks, fill the gap between the fence and the tree trunks with lime soil, and then pour fertilizer into the lime soil; 3) Use non-woven bands to tie the trunk, main branches and side branches above the fence; 4) Regularly pour fertilizer solution into the lime soil filled in the fence, and spray the liquid medicine on the non-woven fabric belt of the cerclage.

2. A method for efficiently preventing and controlling peach flesh brown spot disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid medicine in step 1) is prepared by mixing sodium rosinate, quicklime powder and water in a mass ratio of 1:4:

50.

3. A method for efficiently preventing and controlling peach flesh brown spot disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plastic flat net described in step 2) is 50 cm high and has a hole diameter of less than 1 cm; it is used to surround the tree trunk to form a barrel-shaped fence that is 2 to 3 times the diameter of the tree trunk.

4. A method for efficiently preventing and controlling peach flesh brown spot disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lime soil in step 2) is prepared by mixing red soil or yellow soil with a particle diameter of less than 1 cm and quicklime powder in a mass ratio of 50:

1.

5. A method for efficiently preventing and controlling peach flesh brown spot disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer solution in step 2) is mixed with calcium ammonium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and water in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.5:200, and the amount of fertilizer added is 5kg to 10kg per peach tree each time.

6. A method for efficiently preventing and controlling peach flesh brown spot disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-woven fabric tape in step 3) is 0.5 cm thick and 15 cm wide, and is soaked in a drug solution for more than 15 minutes before use.

7. A method for efficiently preventing and controlling peach flesh brown spot disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4), during the young fruit stage and the ripening stage, apply fertilizer solution to the lime soil filled in the fence every 15 days for 2 to 3 times in a row; during the growing season, spray the non-woven fabric band of the ring once every 45 days with liquid medicine until the non-woven fabric band is soaked.

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