Application of naringenin in improving flooding stress resistance of tomatoes and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly discloses application and method of Naringenin in improving the flooding stress resistance of tomatoes. Naringenin is sprayed to leaves of tomato plants in the seedling stage and irrigated to roots of the tomato plants, so that the flooding resistance of the tomatoes can be improved, and Naringenin can be used as a regulator for tomato seedlings to resist a flooding environment. According to the method, 0.25 mM to 1.00 mM of naringenin solution is applied to tomato plants, so that lodging, leaf dryness and seedling leaf withering of tomato seedlings are relieved, and the flooding stress resistance of tomatoes is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, and in particular to an application and method of naringenin in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress. Background Art

[0002] Water is one of the most important factors in the growth and development of plants. In recent years, global climate change has intensified, and torrential rains and heavy rainfall have led to frequent floods and waterlogging disasters. Plants are in a flooded environment, and their growth and development are hindered. Waterlogging stress causes plants to be in a low-oxygen environment and are extremely susceptible to infection by pathogens in the soil, which in turn causes plant growth damage or even death. In particular, it can lead to uneven emergence and poor growth of seedlings during the seedling stage, seriously affecting the normal growth and development of plants.

[0003] Tomato is one of the most important horticultural economic crops in the world. It is an annual or perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Solanaceae. The soil humidity for tomato growth is generally 60-80% and the air humidity is 45-50%. Excessive humidity in the ambient air will hinder the normal pollination of tomatoes, and tomato plants will suffer from serious diseases under high temperature and high humidity conditions, which will have a huge impact on the survival and yield of tomatoes, causing irreparable economic losses.

[0004] At present, the main way to resist flooding stress in production is to adjust the external environment by improving the drainage system in the field (high ridges, low ditches), and some exogenous substances are needed to improve the plant's ability to resist flooding stress. At present, the types of substances that can improve the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress are very limited, and some plant growth regulators that promote growth are mainly used. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a new use of an existing substance in regulating the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to develop a new use of an existing substance in regulating the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress, the present invention provides an application and method of naringenin in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress. The naringenin provided by the present invention can be used as a regulator for tomato seedlings to resist flooding environments. By preparing naringenin, it can be applied to tomatoes as a regulator for tomato seedlings to resist flooding environments, thereby improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress.

[0006] The invention provides application of naringenin in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress. The naringenin is prepared into a naringenin solution with a concentration of 0.25 mM to 1.00 mM and acts on tomatoes to improve the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress.

[0007] The invention alleviates the lodging, leaf drying and leaf wilting of tomato seedlings by applying 0.25mM to 1.00mM naringenin solution to tomato plants, thereby significantly improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress.

[0008] Furthermore, a naringenin solution with a concentration of 0.25 mM to 1.00 mM was sprayed on the leaves of tomato seedlings to improve the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress. Each tomato plant was sprayed with 1 mL to 3 mL of the naringenin solution.

[0009] Furthermore, a 0.25 mM to 1.00 mM naringenin solution was irrigated to the roots of tomato seedlings to improve the tomato's resistance to flooding stress, and each tomato plant was irrigated with 25 mL to 35 mL of the naringenin solution.

[0010] Furthermore, the concentration of the naringenin solution was 0.25 mM.

[0011] Furthermore, the tomato seedlings are 5-week-old tomato seedlings.

[0012] Furthermore, the improvement of tomato's ability to resist flooding stress is manifested in alleviating tomato seedling lodging, leaf drying and seedling leaf wilting.

[0013] Furthermore, the variety of the tomato is Moneymaker (Mm).

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for improving tomato resistance to flooding stress. After sowing a single tomato seed, when the tomato seedling grows to 5 weeks old, a naringenin solution with a concentration of 0.25mM to 1.00mM is applied to the tomato seedling.

[0015] Furthermore, the naringenin solution application process is: spraying the naringenin solution with a concentration of 0.25mM to 1.0mM on the leaves of 5-week-old tomato seedlings, and the application amount is 1mL to 3mL per spray.

[0016] Furthermore, the naringenin solution application process is: watering the roots of 5-week-old tomato seedlings with 0.25 mM to 1.00 mM naringenin solution, with each tomato plant being watered with 25 mL to 35 mL.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention alleviates the lodging, leaf drying and wilting of tomato seedlings by applying a 0.25mM to 1.00mM naringenin solution to tomato plants, thereby significantly improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress. Naringenin can be used as a regulator for tomato seedlings to resist flooding environments. Pre-treating tomato leaves with 0.25mM Nar and watering tomato roots with 1.00mM Nar can improve the ability of tomato seedlings to resist flooding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 The effect of spraying different concentrations of naringenin on tomato seedlings after waterlogging stress; from top to bottom, each row represents the concentration of naringenin as 0.00 mM (control), 0.25 mM, 0.50 mM and 1.00 mM;

[0021] In the figure, A shows the effect of different concentrations of naringenin on tomato seedlings after flooding for 0 days, where (1) and (2) are the front view and top view of tomato seedlings, respectively;

[0022] B shows the effect of different concentrations of naringenin on tomato seedlings after being flooded for 3 days, where (1) and (2) are the front and top views of tomato seedlings, respectively;

[0023] C shows the effect of different concentrations of naringenin on tomato seedlings after 3 days of recovery, where (1) and (2) are the front and top views of tomato seedlings, respectively, and (3) is a close-up view of tomato seedlings from top.

[0024] Figure 2 Statistical chart of the survival rate of tomato seedlings after the leaves were pretreated with different concentrations of naringenin, then flooded and recovered for 3 days.

[0025] Figure 3 The effect of irrigation with different concentrations of naringenin on tomato seedlings after flooding stress; from top to bottom, each row represents naringenin concentrations of 0.00mM, 0.25mM, 0.50mM and 1.00mM;

[0026] In the figure, A shows the effect of different concentrations of naringenin on tomato seedlings after flooding for 0 days, where (1) and (2) are the top view and front view of tomato seedlings, respectively;

[0027] B shows the effect of different concentrations of naringenin on tomato seedlings after being flooded for 3 days, where (1) and (2) are the top view and front view of tomato seedlings, respectively;

[0028] C shows the effect of different concentrations of naringenin on tomato seedlings after 3 days of recovery, where (1) and (2) are the top view and front view of tomato seedlings, respectively.

[0029] Figure 4 The survival rate of tomato seedlings was calculated after root irrigation with different concentrations of naringenin, followed by flooding and recovery for 3 days.

[0030] Figure 5 The phenotypes of tomato seedlings were compared after being treated with different concentrations of naringenin by leaf spraying and root irrigation, flooding for 3 days and recovering for 3 days.

[0031] From top to bottom, each row indicates the naringenin treatments of 0.00 mM foliar spray, 1.00 mM foliar spray, and 0.25 mM root irrigation;

[0032] In the figure, A shows the effect of different concentrations of naringenin on tomato seedlings after flooding for 0 days, where (1) and (2) are the top view and front view of tomato seedlings, respectively;

[0033] B shows the effect of different concentrations of naringenin on tomato seedlings after being flooded for 3 days, where (1) and (2) are the top view and front view of tomato seedlings, respectively;

[0034] C shows the effect of different concentrations of naringenin on tomato seedlings after 3 days of recovery, where (1) and (2) are the top view and front view of tomato seedlings, respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. The experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following embodiments can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0036] The experimental raw materials used in the present invention are as follows:

[0037] Preparation of naringenin mother solution: Weigh 2.72 g of naringenin (brand: Aladdin; item number: N164488), use 50 mL of ethanol as the primary solvent, and prepare a 0.2 M Nar mother solution.

[0038] Preparation of naringenin working solution:

[0039] (1) 0.25 mM Nar: Take 1.25 mL of Nar stock solution and add 998.75 mL of sterile water to prepare 1 L of 0.25 mM Nar solution; use 1 L of sterile water as a control.

[0040] (2) 0.50 mM Nar: Take 2.50 mL of Nar stock solution and add 997.50 mL of sterile water to prepare 1 L of 0.50 mM Nar solution; use 1 L of sterile water as a control.

[0041] (3) 1.00 mM Nar: Take 5.00 mL of Nar stock solution and add 995.00 mL of sterile water to prepare 1 L of 1.00 mM Nar solution; use 1 L of sterile water as a control.

[0042] Tomato variety: Moneymaker (Mm).

[0043] Example 1: Application of naringenin (Nar) in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress.

[0044] Take healthy tomato seeds without defects and insect eyes and sow them in a flower pot (length×width×height: 5cm×4cm×5cm) containing a matrix, wherein the matrix is ​​a mixture of nutrient soil (PI NDSTRUR SUBSTRATE 20mm~40mm) and vermiculite (specification: 1mm~3mm) in a mass ratio of 1:1. The height of the matrix is ​​1cm from the upper edge of the flower pot. Every 30 pots are placed on a bottom tray and watered once every 3 days, 1L each time; 20 5-week-old tomato seedlings with good growth and basically the same growth momentum are selected, and naringenin is supplemented, that is, 0.25mM Nar solution is sprayed on the leaves of the tomato seedlings, 50mL is sprayed for every 32 plants, until water droplets are formed on the leaves, and sprayed once every 12h for 3 consecutive times.

[0045] Example 2: Application of naringenin (Nar) in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist waterlogging stress.

[0046] Healthy tomato seeds without defects and insect holes were sown individually in pots (length, width and height: 5 cm x 4 cm x 5 cm) containing 1:1 (mass ratio) nutrient soil (P INDSTRUR SUBSTRATE 20 mm-40 mm) and vermiculite (specification: 1 mm-3 mm). Every 30 pots were placed on a bottom tray and watered once every 3 days, 1 L each time. 20 5-week-old tomato seedlings with good growth and basically consistent growth were selected, and naringenin was supplemented, that is, 0.50 mM Nar solution was sprayed on the leaves of the tomato seedlings, 50 mL was sprayed for every 32 seeds until water droplets were formed on the leaves, and sprayed once every 12 hours for 3 consecutive times.

[0047] Example 3: Application of naringenin (Nar) in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist waterlogging stress.

[0048] Healthy tomato seeds without defects and insect holes were sown individually in pots (length, width and height: 5 cm x 4 cm x 5 cm) containing 1:1 (mass ratio) nutrient soil (P INDSTRUR SUBSTRATE 20 mm-40 mm) and vermiculite (specification: 1 mm-3 mm). Every 30 pots were placed on a bottom tray and watered once every 3 days, 1 L each time. 20 5-week-old tomato seedlings with good growth and basically consistent growth were selected, and naringenin was supplemented, that is, 1.00 mM Nar solution was sprayed on the leaves of the tomato seedlings, 50 mL was sprayed for every 32 seeds until water droplets were formed on the leaves, and sprayed once every 12 hours for 3 consecutive times.

[0049] Example 4: Application of naringenin (Nar) in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress.

[0050] Healthy tomato seeds without defects and worm holes were sown individually in pots (length, width and height: 5 cmⅹ4 cmⅹ5 cm) containing 1:1 (mass ratio) nutrient soil (P INDSTRUR SUBSTRATE 20 mm-40 mm) and vermiculite (specification: 1 mm-3 mm). Every 30 pots were placed on a bottom tray and watered once every 3 days, 1 L each time. 20 5-week-old tomato seedlings with good growth and basically consistent growth were selected, and naringenin was supplemented, that is, 0.25 mM Nar solution was poured into the roots of the tomato seedlings, 0.5 L was poured for every 32 seeds, and watered once every 12 hours for 3 consecutive times.

[0051] Example 5: Application of naringenin (Nar) in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress.

[0052] Healthy tomato seeds without defects and insect holes were sown individually in pots (length, width and height: 5 cmⅹ4 cmⅹ5 cm) containing 1:1 (mass ratio) nutrient soil (P INDSTRUR SUBSTRATE 20 mm-40 mm) and vermiculite (specification: 1 mm-3 mm). Every 30 pots were placed on a bottom tray and watered once every 3 days, 1 L each time. Twenty 5-week-old tomato seedlings with good growth and basically consistent growth were selected, and naringenin was supplemented, that is, 0.50 mM Nar solution was poured into the roots of the tomato seedlings, 0.5 L was poured for every 32 seeds, and watered once every 12 hours for 3 consecutive times.

[0053] Example 6: Application of naringenin (Nar) in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress.

[0054] Healthy tomato seeds without defects and insect holes were sown individually in pots (length, width and height: 5cmⅹ4cmⅹ5cm) containing 1:1 (mass ratio) nutrient soil (P INDSTRUR SUBSTRATE 20mm-40mm) and vermiculite (specification: 1mm-3mm). Every 30 pots were placed on a bottom tray and watered once every 3 days, 1L each time; 20 5-week-old tomato seedlings with good growth and basically consistent growth were selected, and naringenin was supplemented, that is, 1.00mM Nar solution was poured into the roots of the tomato seedlings, 0.5L was poured for every 32 seeds, and watered once every 12h for 3 consecutive times.

[0055] Comparative Example 1: Application of naringenin (Nar) in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress.

[0056] Take healthy tomato seeds without defects and insect eyes and sow them in a flower pot (length×width×height: 5cm×4cm×5cm) containing a matrix, wherein the matrix is ​​a mixture of nutrient soil (PI NDSTRUR SUBSTRATE 20mm~40mm) and vermiculite (specification: 1mm~3mm) in a mass ratio of 1:1. The height of the matrix is ​​1cm from the upper edge of the flower pot. Every 30 pots are placed on a bottom tray and watered once every 3 days, 1L each time; 20 5-week-old tomato seedlings with good growth and basically consistent growth are selected, and naringenin is supplemented, that is, 0.00mM Nar solution (i.e. sterile water) is sprayed on the leaves of the tomato seedlings, 50mL is sprayed for every 32 plants until water droplets are formed on the leaves, and sprayed once every 12h for 3 consecutive times.

[0057] Comparative Example 2: Application of naringenin (Nar) in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist waterlogging stress.

[0058] Healthy tomato seeds without defects and insect holes were sown individually in pots (length, width and height: 5 cmⅹ4 cmⅹ5 cm) containing 1:1 (mass ratio) nutrient soil (P INDSTRUR SUBSTRATE 20 mm-40 mm) and vermiculite (specification: 1 mm-3 mm). Every 30 pots were placed on a bottom tray and watered once every 3 days, 1 L each time. 20 5-week-old tomato seedlings with good growth and basically consistent growth were selected, and naringenin was supplemented, that is, 0.00 mM Nar solution (i.e. sterile water) was poured into the roots of the tomato seedlings, 0.5 L was poured for every 32 plants, and watered once every 12 hours for 3 consecutive times.

[0059] 1. Tomato seedlings were treated according to the methods of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2. According to the above examples and comparative examples, the seedlings were divided into 8 groups according to the concentration of naringenin and the spraying method. The concentration of naringenin was set as follows: 0.00 mM Nar, 0.25 mM Nar, 0.50 mM Nar, and 1.00 mM Nar. The spraying methods included leaf spraying and root irrigation.

[0060] Four external application concentrations were set up: a total of 8 groups, which were flooded separately; after three consecutive days of external application, the tomato plant full flooding experiment was started, followed by a 3-day recovery period to observe the phenotype of the tomato plants, i.e., whether the plants fell over and whether the leaves wilted; at the same time, the plant survival rate was counted.

[0061] Phenotype of tomato seedlings after being flooded by spraying Nar Figure 1 As shown: After 3 days of flooding, the tomato seedlings sprayed with Nar concentrations of 0.00mM, 0.25mM and 0.50mM were most obvious on the 3rd day and the leaves wilted. After 3 days of flooding recovery, the tomato seedlings sprayed with 0.00mM, 0.25mM and 0.50mM Nar fell over, the leaves wilted and dried, and the base of the stems rotted; while the tomato seedlings sprayed with 1.00mM Nar had emerald green top buds and some leaves, and the base of the stems was normal. Finally, 1.00mM Nar was determined to be the optimal spraying concentration.

[0062] Phenotype of Nar tomato seedlings after flooding Figure 3 As shown: 3 days after flooding, tomato seedlings sprayed with Nar concentrations of 0.00mM and 0.50mM fell over; tomato seedlings sprayed with 0.25mM and 1.00mM Nar stood upright, but the leaves of seedlings sprayed with 1.00mM Nar wilted more severely. 3 days after flooding recovery, tomato seedlings irrigated with 0.00mM Nar fell over and their leaves dried up; tomato seedlings sprayed with 0.25mM Nar stood upright, and the leaves wilted and dried up to a lesser extent; tomato seedlings sprayed with 0.50mM Nar fell over, their leaves dried up, and the base of the stems browned and dried up; the leaves of seedlings sprayed with 1.00mM Nar wilted more severely, and the base of the stems wilted slightly. Finally, 0.25mM Nar was determined to be the optimal irrigation concentration.

[0063] 2. In order to further verify the beneficial effects of Nar, the normally grown tomato seedlings were used as materials, and 1.00mM / L Nar was sprayed on the leaves, and 0.25mM concentration was irrigated on the roots. After three days of flooding, the plants recovered to normal growth for three days, and the phenotypes of the tomatoes after flooding and after recovery were compared.

[0064] The results are as follows Figure 5 , the phenotypic state of tomato seedlings after 3 days of flooding and recovery after spraying 1.00mM / L Nar was better than that of the control 0.00mM; the tomato seedlings pretreated with 0.25mM / L Nar fell over during the recovery period after flooding, but the degree of leaf wilting was lighter than that of the control 0.00mM. In summary, it can be seen that both foliar spraying of 1.00mM / L Nar and root irrigation of 0.25mM / L Nar can significantly improve the ability of tomato seedlings to resist flooding.

[0065] In summary, under flooding stress, foliar spraying of 1.00 mM Nar pretreatment can significantly improve the flooding resistance of tomato seedlings; at the same time, root irrigation of 0.25 mM Nar pretreatment can also improve the flooding resistance of tomato seedlings.

[0066] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications may occur to these embodiments once those skilled in the art are aware of the basic inventive concepts.

[0067] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. The application of naringenin in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress, characterized in that: The naringenin is made into a naringenin solution with a concentration of 0.25mM to 1.00mM and acts on tomatoes to improve the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress.

2. The use of naringenin in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress according to claim 1, characterized in that: A 0.25 mM to 1.00 mM naringenin solution was sprayed on the leaves of tomato seedlings to improve the tomato's resistance to flooding stress. Each tomato plant was sprayed with 1 mL to 3 mL of the naringenin solution.

3. The use of naringenin in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress according to claim 1, characterized in that: A 0.25 mM to 1.00 mM naringenin solution was poured onto the roots of tomato seedlings to improve the tomato's ability to resist flooding stress. Each tomato plant was poured with 25 mL to 35 mL of the naringenin solution.

4. The use of naringenin in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress according to claim 3, characterized in that: The concentration of naringenin solution was 0.25 mM.

5. The use of naringenin in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The tomato seedlings are 5-week-old tomato seedlings.

6. The use of naringenin in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress according to claim 1, characterized in that: The improvement of tomato's ability to resist flooding stress is manifested in alleviating tomato seedling lodging, leaf drying and seedling leaf wilting.

7. The use of naringenin in improving the ability of tomatoes to resist flooding stress according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tomato variety is Moneymaker.

8. A method for improving tomato resistance to flooding stress, characterized in that: After sowing a single tomato seed, when the tomato seedling grows to 5 weeks old, the naringenin solution with a concentration of 0.25 mM to 1.00 mM as claimed in claim 1 is applied to the tomato seedling.

9. The method for improving tomato resistance to flooding stress according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of applying the naringenin solution is as follows: spraying the leaves of 5-week-old tomato seedlings with a naringenin solution having a concentration of 0.25 mM to 1.00 mM, with an application amount of 1 mL to 3 mL per seedling.

10. The method for improving tomato resistance to flooding stress according to claim 8, characterized in that: The application process of the naringenin solution is as follows: 0.25 mM to 1.00 mM naringenin solution is poured onto the roots of 5-week-old tomato seedlings, with each tomato plant being poured with 25 mL to 35 mL.

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