Sugarcane harvester transmission system with automatic fault diagnosis

Abstract

The sugarcane harvester transmission system with the automatic fault diagnosis function solves the problem that meshing faults of bevel gears are inconvenient to detect and comprises a driving shaft, two upper transmission shafts are symmetrically installed at the top end of the driving shaft, a side transmission shaft is installed at one end of the driving shaft, and longitudinal sweeping knives are symmetrically installed at the bottom end of the driving shaft. First transmission connecting pieces are installed between the driving shaft and the upper transmission shaft, between the driving shaft and the side transmission shaft and between the driving shaft and a rotating shaft of the longitudinal sweeping knife, the first transmission connecting pieces are used for adjusting the rotating direction, and a second transmission connecting piece is installed at the end, away from the side transmission shaft, of the driving shaft; according to the invention, in the working process, the conducting rod continuously cuts the magnetic induction line between the upper magnetic plate and the lower magnetic plate, so that the conducting rod generates sinusoidal current, when the curve of the sinusoidal current is damaged, the rotation of the connecting shaft is unstable, and thus the fault reason and the fault position are detected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sugarcane harvesters, in particular to a sugarcane harvester transmission system with automatic fault diagnosis. Background Art

[0002] According to the patent document with the authorization announcement number "CN209806489U" and the invention name "Transmission mechanism of the cutting assembly of the sugarcane harvester", the description states: the cutting knife transmission mechanism includes a transmission system formed by connecting the low-speed output shaft of the leaf box, the first bevel gear, two second bevel gears, two cutting knife rotating shafts, and the main transmission shaft. Each second bevel gear is respectively engaged with a flexible shaft power output gear of the gathering mechanism to form a set of output bevel gears. When the sweeping knife and the cutting knife rotate under the drive of the second bevel gear, the flexible shaft power output gear of the gathering mechanism outputs the rotating motion outward. The structure of the force, the two sets of output bevel gears form a structure in which the sweeping blade and the cutting blade are driven to rotate by the two second bevel gears, while the two flexible shaft power output gears of the retracting mechanism output the rotational power outward; one end of the main transmission shaft is connected to the power input pulley of the pushing mechanism, and the power input pulley of the pushing mechanism transmits the power to the input pulley of the pushing mechanism through the belt drive, driving the rotating shaft of the pushing mechanism to rotate; the conical pushing head and the pushing seat sweeping blade mechanism are fixed to the rotating shaft of the pushing mechanism, and the rotating conical pushing head and the pushing seat sweeping blade mechanism are used to push the sugarcane, but the following defects still exist:

[0003] During the transmission process, the meshing of two bevel gears is often used to adjust the transmission direction. However, when the bevel gears are meshed for transmission, the transmission ratio of the bevel gears may be affected by various factors such as manufacturing accuracy, wear and use conditions, resulting in inaccurate transmission ratios and a certain axial force generated by the meshing of the bevel gears. This increases the load on the shaft and may cause additional wear on the bearings and shafts. Since the transmission system is set inside the harvester, it is not convenient to detect the meshing failure of the bevel gears. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a sugarcane harvester transmission system with automatic fault diagnosis, which effectively solves the problem of inconvenient detection of meshing faults of bevel gears.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a transmission system of a sugarcane harvester with automatic fault diagnosis, comprising a driving shaft, two upper transmission shafts are symmetrically installed at the top of the driving shaft, a side transmission shaft is installed at one end of the driving shaft, a longitudinal sweeping blade is symmetrically installed at the bottom of the driving shaft, a first transmission connecting member is installed between the driving shaft and the upper transmission shaft, between the driving shaft and the side transmission shaft, and between the driving shaft and the rotating shaft of the longitudinal sweeping blade, the first transmission connecting member is used to adjust the rotation direction, and a second transmission connecting member is installed at one end of the driving shaft away from the side transmission shaft;

[0006] The first transmission connecting member includes an active bevel gear and a driven bevel gear, the active bevel gear meshes with the driven bevel gear, a connecting shaft is coaxially mounted on the driven bevel gear, a circumferential side wall of the connecting shaft corresponds to an end of the active bevel gear, and a fault detection component is mounted between the active bevel gear and the connecting shaft;

[0007] The fault detection component includes a mounting plate arranged between the active bevel gear and the connecting shaft, the mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the sugarcane cutter frame, a rotation detection unit is mounted on one side of the mounting plate close to the connecting shaft, and an expansion push unit is mounted on the mounting plate.

[0008] Preferably, the rotation detection unit includes an installation box arranged on the side of the installation plate close to the connecting shaft, an internal groove is opened inside the installation box, one side of the internal groove passes through to the side of the installation box close to the connecting shaft, a roller is rotatably installed inside the internal groove, the outer wall of the roller contacts the outer wall of the connecting shaft, rotation grooves are symmetrically coaxially opened at both ends of the internal groove, a rotating shaft is coaxially installed at both ends of the roller, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating groove.

[0009] Preferably, an end groove is opened at the end of the rotating groove at one end, one end of the rotating shaft is inserted into the end groove, a conductive rod is fixedly installed on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating shaft, annular conductive rings are symmetrically installed on the inner walls on both sides of the end groove, and the two ends of the conductive rod are respectively in contact with the two annular conductive rings, an upper magnetic plate is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the end groove, and a lower magnetic plate is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the end groove, the magnetism of the upper magnetic plate is opposite to that of the lower magnetic plate, and an ammeter is installed in series between the two annular conductive rings.

[0010] Preferably, the expansion pushing unit includes a fixed block fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, two movable grooves are symmetrically provided inside the fixed block, lower rod grooves are symmetrically provided on the side of the movable groove close to the mounting box, a movable piston is slidably installed inside the movable groove, the outer wall of the movable piston is tightly attached to the inner wall of the movable groove, connecting rods are symmetrically installed on the side of the movable piston close to the mounting box, and the connecting rods pass through the lower rod grooves and are fixedly connected to the mounting box.

[0011] Preferably, an expansion chamber is opened inside the fixed block, and the expansion chamber is located above the movable groove. Connecting grooves are symmetrically opened at the bottom end of the expansion chamber. The bottom ends of the two connecting grooves are respectively connected to the two movable grooves. The connecting grooves are located on the side of the movable piston away from the mounting box. A detection and adjustment unit is installed inside the expansion chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the detection and adjustment unit includes a ventilation groove opened on the side of the expansion chamber close to the active bevel gear, and a closed piston is movably installed inside the expansion chamber. When the closed piston moves toward the ventilation groove, the closed piston moves into the ventilation groove, and the outer wall of the closed piston is in close contact with the inner wall of the ventilation groove. Heat-conducting rods are symmetrically installed on the closed piston, and one end of the heat-conducting rod passes through the side of the closed piston close to the active bevel gear. A transverse heat-conducting plate is installed between the two heat-conducting rods, and a longitudinal heat-conducting plate is equidistantly installed at the bottom end of the transverse heat-conducting plate.

[0013] Preferably, an upper rod groove is symmetrically provided on the side of the expansion chamber away from the active bevel gear, a piston rod is installed at one end of the heat-conducting rod, one end of the piston rod passes through the upper rod groove to the side of the fixed block close to the connecting shaft, an end box is installed at one end of the piston rod, a movable block is movably installed inside the end box, a cross bar is fixedly installed on the side of the movable block away from the piston rod, a longitudinal rod is installed at one end of the cross bar, the bottom end of the longitudinal rod is fixedly connected to the installation box, a pull spring is symmetrically installed on the side of the movable block close to the closed piston, and one end of the pull spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the end box close to the closed piston.

[0014] Preferably, a connecting plate is installed between the two end boxes, a screw is threadedly installed on the connecting plate, one end of the screw is rotatably installed inside the fixed block, a lower sprocket is installed on the screw, an upper sprocket is provided above the lower sprocket, a chain is installed on the outer sides of the lower sprocket and the upper sprocket, one end of the chain is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and the driving motor is fixedly installed on the fixed block.

[0015] Preferably, the second transmission connection member includes a driving pulley installed at one end of the driving shaft, a driven pulley is provided on one side of the driving pulley, a transmission belt is installed on the outer sides of the driving pulley and the driven pulley, and a transverse sweeping blade is installed on the driven pulley.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) During operation, the roller is in contact with the surface of the connecting shaft. When the connecting shaft rotates, the roller rotates continuously, and then the magnetic flux lines between the upper magnetic plate and the lower magnetic plate are continuously cut by the conductive rod, so that the conductive rod generates a sinusoidal current. When the curve of the sinusoidal current is destroyed, it indicates that the rotation of the connecting shaft is unstable, thereby detecting the cause and location of the fault;

[0018] 2) During operation, the installation box is moved toward the fixed block to separate the roller from the connecting shaft. After the heat generated by the meshing rotation of the active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is transferred to the inside of the expansion chamber, the air inside the expansion chamber expands due to the heat, pushing the installation box to move toward the connecting shaft, so that the roller contacts the connecting shaft again, so that the conductive rod generates current again, and the friction between the active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is detected by the time between the separation of the roller from the connecting shaft and the generation of current by the conductive rod;

[0019] 3) During operation, the installation box is driven by the driving motor to move toward the fixed block, so that the roller is separated from the connecting shaft, which is convenient for adjusting the detection method. At the same time, under the drive of the driving motor, the closing piston moves toward the ventilation groove to close the inside of the expansion chamber, which is convenient for the gas to expand due to heat. At the same time, the heat conducting rod contacts the end face of the active bevel gear, which is convenient for transferring heat to the inside of the expansion chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0021] In the attached picture:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission system of the sugarcane harvester with automatic fault diagnosis of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first transmission connecting member of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fault detection component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotation detection unit of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the expansion push unit structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the closed piston structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the end box structure of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1, driving shaft; 2, upper transmission shaft; 3, side transmission shaft; 4, longitudinal sweeping blade; 5, first transmission connecting member; 501, driving bevel gear; 502, driven bevel gear; 503, connecting shaft; 6, second transmission connecting member; 601, driving pulley; 602, driven pulley; 603, transmission belt; 604, transverse sweeping blade; 7, fault detection component; 701, mounting plate; 702, rotation detection unit; 7021, mounting box; 7022, internal groove; 7023, roller; 7024, rotating groove; 7025, rotating shaft; 7026, end groove; 7027, conductive rod; 7028, annular conductive ring; 7029, upper magnetic plate; 70210, lower magnetic plate; 703, expansion push unit; 7 031, fixed block; 7032, movable groove; 7033, lower rod groove; 7034, movable piston; 7035, connecting rod; 7036, expansion chamber; 7037, connecting groove; 704, detection and adjustment unit; 7041, ventilation groove; 7042, closed piston; 7043, heat-conducting rod; 7044, transverse heat-conducting plate; 7045, longitudinal heat-conducting plate; 7046, upper rod groove; 7047, piston rod; 7048, end box; 7049, movable block; 70410, cross bar; 70411, longitudinal bar; 70412, pulling spring; 70413, connecting plate; 70414, screw; 70415, lower sprocket; 70416, upper sprocket; 70417, chain; 70418, driving motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Depend on Figure 1-7 The present invention relates to a transmission system of a sugarcane harvester with automatic fault diagnosis, comprising a driving shaft 1, two upper transmission shafts 2 are symmetrically installed at the top of the driving shaft 1, a side transmission shaft 3 is installed at one end of the driving shaft 1, a longitudinal sweeping blade 4 is symmetrically installed at the bottom of the driving shaft 1, a first transmission connecting member 5 is installed between the driving shaft 1 and the upper transmission shaft 2, between the driving shaft 1 and the side transmission shaft 3, and between the driving shaft 1 and the rotating shaft of the longitudinal sweeping blade 4, the first transmission connecting member 5 is used to adjust the rotation direction, and a second transmission connecting member 6 is installed at one end of the driving shaft 1 away from the side transmission shaft 3;

[0032] The first transmission connecting member 5 includes an active bevel gear 501 and a driven bevel gear 502, the active bevel gear 501 is meshed with the driven bevel gear 502, a connecting shaft 503 is coaxially mounted on the driven bevel gear 502, a circumferential side wall of the connecting shaft 503 corresponds to the end of the active bevel gear 501, and a fault detection component 7 is installed between the active bevel gear 501 and the connecting shaft 503;

[0033] The fault detection component 7 includes a mounting plate 701 arranged between the active bevel gear 501 and the connecting shaft 503. The mounting plate 701 is fixedly mounted on the sugarcane cutter frame. A rotation detection unit 702 is installed on one side of the mounting plate 701 close to the connecting shaft 503. An expansion pushing unit 703 is installed on the mounting plate 701.

[0034] The rotation detection unit 702 includes an installation box 7021 arranged on the side of the installation plate 701 close to the connecting shaft 503, an internal groove 7022 is opened inside the installation box 7021, one side of the internal groove 7022 penetrates to the side of the installation box 7021 close to the connecting shaft 503, a roller 7023 is rotatably installed inside the internal groove 7022, the outer wall of the roller 7023 contacts the outer wall of the connecting shaft 503, rotation grooves 7024 are symmetrically and coaxially opened at both ends of the internal groove 7022, a rotating shaft 7025 is coaxially installed at both ends of the roller 7023, the rotating shaft 7025 is rotatably connected to the rotating groove 7024, an end groove 7026 is opened at the end of the rotating groove 7024 at one end, one end of the rotating shaft 7025 is inserted into the end groove 7026, a conductive rod 7027 is fixedly installed on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating shaft 7025, and the two ends of the end groove 7026 are fixedly connected to the rotating groove 7024. Annular conductive rings 7028 are symmetrically installed on the side inner wall, and the two ends of the conductive rod 7027 are in contact with the two annular conductive rings 7028 respectively. An upper magnetic plate 7029 is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the end groove 7026, and a lower magnetic plate 70210 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the end groove 7026. The magnetism of the upper magnetic plate 7029 is opposite to that of the lower magnetic plate 70210. An ammeter is installed in series between the two annular conductive rings 7028. The roller 7023 is in contact with the surface of the connecting shaft 503. When the connecting shaft 503 rotates, the roller 7023 rotates continuously, and then the magnetic flux lines between the upper magnetic plate 7029 and the lower magnetic plate 70210 are continuously cut through the conductive rod 7027, so that the conductive rod 7027 generates a sinusoidal current. When the curve of the sinusoidal current is destroyed, it means that the rotation of the connecting shaft 503 is unstable, thereby detecting the cause and location of the fault.

[0035] The expansion push unit 703 includes a fixed block 7031 fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 701, and two movable grooves 7032 are symmetrically arranged inside the fixed block 7031, and a lower rod groove 7033 is symmetrically arranged on the side of the movable groove 7032 close to the mounting box 7021, and a movable piston 7034 is slidably installed inside the movable groove 7032, and the outer wall of the movable piston 7034 is in close contact with the inner wall of the movable groove 7032, and a connecting rod 7035 is symmetrically arranged on the side of the movable piston 7034 close to the mounting box 7021, and the connecting rod 7035 passes through the lower rod groove 7033 and is fixedly connected to the mounting box 7021, and an expansion chamber 7036 is arranged inside the fixed block 7031, and the expansion chamber 7036 is located above the movable groove 7032, and a connecting groove 7037 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the expansion chamber 7036, and the bottom ends of the two connecting grooves 7037 are respectively It is connected to the two movable grooves 7032, and the connecting groove 7037 is located on the side of the movable piston 7034 away from the installation box 7021. The detection and adjustment unit 704 is installed inside the expansion chamber 7036. The installation box 7021 moves toward the fixed block 7031 to separate the roller 7023 from the connecting shaft 503. After the heat generated by the meshing rotation of the active bevel gear 501 and the driven bevel gear 502 is transferred to the inside of the expansion chamber 7036, the air inside the expansion chamber 7036 expands due to the heat, pushing the installation box 7021 to move toward the connecting shaft 503, so that the roller 7023 and the connecting shaft 503 are re-contacted, so that the conductive rod 7027 generates current again, and the friction between the active bevel gear 501 and the driven bevel gear 502 is detected through the time between the separation of the roller 7023 and the connecting shaft 503 and the generation of current by the conductive rod 7027.

[0036] The detection and adjustment unit 704 includes a ventilation groove 7041 opened on the side of the expansion chamber 7036 close to the active bevel gear 501, and a closed piston 7042 is movably installed inside the expansion chamber 7036. When the closed piston 7042 moves toward the ventilation groove 7041, the closed piston 7042 moves into the ventilation groove 7041, and the outer wall of the closed piston 7042 is in close contact with the inner wall of the ventilation groove 7041. A heat-conducting rod 7043 is symmetrically installed on the closed piston 7042, and one end of the heat-conducting rod 7043 penetrates to the side of the closed piston 7042 close to the active bevel gear 501. A transverse heat-conducting plate 7044 is installed between the two heat-conducting rods 7043. The transverse heat-conducting plate 7044 is installed between the two heat-conducting rods 7043. 44, longitudinal heat conducting plates 7045 are equidistantly installed at the bottom end, upper rod grooves 7046 are symmetrically opened on the side of the expansion chamber 7036 away from the active bevel gear 501, a piston rod 7047 is installed at one end of the heat conducting rod 7043, one end of the piston rod 7047 passes through the upper rod groove 7046 to the side of the fixed block 7031 close to the connecting shaft 503, an end box 7048 is installed at one end of the piston rod 7047, a movable block 7049 is movably installed inside the end box 7048, a cross bar 70410 is fixedly installed on the side of the movable block 7049 away from the piston rod 7047, a longitudinal rod 70411 is installed at one end of the cross bar 70410, and the bottom end of the longitudinal rod 70411 is connected to the mounting hole 7043. The box 7021 is fixedly connected, a pull spring 70412 is symmetrically installed on one side of the movable block 7049 close to the closed piston 7042, one end of the pull spring 70412 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the end box 7048 close to the closed piston 7042, a connecting plate 70413 is installed between the two end boxes 7048, a screw rod 70414 is threadedly installed on the connecting plate 70413, one end of the screw rod 70414 is rotatably installed inside the fixed block 7031, a lower sprocket 70415 is installed on the screw rod 70414, an upper sprocket 70416 is arranged above the lower sprocket 70415, and a chain is installed on the outer sides of the lower sprocket 70415 and the upper sprocket 70416 Chain 70417, one end of chain 70417 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of driving motor 70418, driving motor 70418 is fixedly installed on fixed block 7031, and mounting box 7021 is driven by driving motor 70418 to move toward fixed block 7031, so that roller 7023 is separated from connecting shaft 503, so as to facilitate adjustment of detection mode, and at the same time, driven by driving motor 70418, closing piston 7042 moves toward ventilation groove 7041, so as to close the inside of expansion chamber 7036, so as to facilitate thermal expansion of gas, and at the same time, heat conducting rod 7043 contacts with the end face of active bevel gear 501, so as to facilitate heat transfer to the inside of expansion chamber 7036.

[0037] The second transmission connecting member 6 includes a driving pulley 601 installed at one end of the driving shaft 1, a driven pulley 602 is provided on one side of the driving pulley 601, a transmission belt 603 is installed on the outer sides of the driving pulley 601 and the driven pulley 602, and a transverse sweeping blade 604 is installed on the driven pulley 602.

[0038] Working principle: When the driving shaft 1 rotates, when the driving bevel gear 501 rotates, the driving bevel gear 501 meshes with the driven bevel gear 502, thereby driving the connecting shaft 503 to rotate, thereby changing the rotation direction of the driving shaft 1, driving the longitudinal sweeping blade 4 to rotate, and when the driving shaft 1 rotates, the driven pulley 602 is driven to rotate through the driving pulley 601 and the transmission belt 603, thereby driving the transverse sweeping blade 604 to rotate, thereby completing the harvesting of sugarcane. During use, the meshing connection stability of the driving bevel gear 501 and the driven bevel gear 502 is poor, and the number of the first transmission connecting parts 5 in the transmission system is large. When the equipment is damaged, it is not easy to detect the fault location;

[0039] During use, since the surface of the roller 7023 contacts the circumferential outer wall of the connecting shaft 503, when the active bevel gear 501 drives the connecting shaft 503 to rotate, the roller 7023 is driven to rotate continuously. During the rotation process, the conductive rod 7027 continuously cuts the magnetic flux lines between the upper magnetic plate 7029 and the lower magnetic plate 70210 to generate current, and the current flows into the ammeter through the annular conductive ring 7028. The curve of the generated current is a sine curve. When the sine curve is destroyed, it indicates that there is a problem in the meshing of the active bevel gear 501 and the driven bevel gear 502, thereby detecting the cause and location of the fault.

[0040] When it is necessary to detect the friction condition generated between the active bevel gear 501 and the driven bevel gear 502, the driving motor 70418 is turned on to rotate the upper sprocket 70416, and then the screw rod 70414 is driven to rotate through the chain 70417 and the lower sprocket 70415. Since the screw rod 70414 is threadedly connected with the connecting plate 70413, the end box 7048 is driven to move toward the fixed block 7031, and then the end box 7048 is driven to move by pulling the spring 70412, thereby driving the installation box 7021 to move toward the fixed block 7031, so that the roller 7023 is separated from the connecting shaft 503, until the closing piston 7042 enters the ventilation groove 7041, closes the expansion cavity 7036, and makes the end of the heat-conducting rod 7043 contact the surface of the active bevel gear 501;

[0041] When the active bevel gear 501 rotates, heat is generated, and the heat is transferred to the transverse heat conducting plate 7044 and the longitudinal heat conducting plate 7045 through the heat conducting rod 7043, so that the heat in the expansion chamber 7036 increases and the gas expands. After the expansion, pressure is generated on the movable piston 7034, thereby pushing the installation box 7021 to move toward the connecting shaft 503 until the roller 7023 contacts the connecting shaft 503. At this time, the roller 7023 rotates under the action of the connecting shaft 503, so that the ammeter passes current again. The friction between the active bevel gear 501 and the driven bevel gear 502 is detected according to the time from the separation of the roller 7023 and the connecting shaft 503 to the generation of current by the ammeter. The smaller the friction, the slower the heat generation speed, so that the time from the separation of the roller 7023 and the connecting shaft 503 to the generation of current by the ammeter is longer.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sugarcane harvester transmission system with automatic fault diagnosis, comprising a driving shaft (1), characterized in that: Two upper transmission shafts (2) are symmetrically mounted on the top of the driving shaft (1), a side transmission shaft (3) is mounted on one end of the driving shaft (1), a longitudinal sweeping blade (4) is symmetrically mounted on the bottom end of the driving shaft (1), a first transmission connecting member (5) is mounted between the driving shaft (1) and the upper transmission shaft (2), between the driving shaft (1) and the side transmission shaft (3), and between the driving shaft (1) and the rotating shaft of the longitudinal sweeping blade (4), the first transmission connecting member (5) being used to adjust the rotation direction, and a second transmission connecting member (6) is mounted on the end of the driving shaft (1) away from the side transmission shaft (3); The first transmission connecting member (5) comprises a driving bevel gear (501) and a driven bevel gear (502), the driving bevel gear (501) meshing with the driven bevel gear (502), a connecting shaft (503) being coaxially mounted on the driven bevel gear (502), a circumferential side wall of the connecting shaft (503) corresponding to an end of the driving bevel gear (501), and a fault detection component (7) being mounted between the driving bevel gear (501) and the connecting shaft (503); The fault detection component (7) comprises a mounting plate (701) arranged between the active bevel gear (501) and the connecting shaft (503); the mounting plate (701) is fixedly mounted on the frame of the sugarcane cutter; a rotation detection unit (702) is mounted on one side of the mounting plate (701) close to the connecting shaft (503); and an expansion pushing unit (703) is mounted on the mounting plate (701).

2. The sugarcane harvester transmission system with automatic fault diagnosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation detection unit (702) comprises an installation box (7021) arranged on a side of the installation plate (701) close to the connecting shaft (503); an internal groove (7022) is provided inside the installation box (7021); one side of the internal groove (7022) penetrates to a side of the installation box (7021) close to the connecting shaft (503); a roller (7023) is rotatably installed inside the internal groove (7022); an outer wall of the roller (7023) contacts an outer wall of the connecting shaft (503); rotation grooves (7024) are symmetrically and coaxially provided at both ends of the internal groove (7022); a rotating shaft (7025) is coaxially installed at both ends of the rotating roller (7023); and the rotating shaft (7025) is rotatably connected to the rotating groove (7024).

3. The sugarcane harvester transmission system with automatic fault diagnosis according to claim 2, characterized in that: An end groove (7026) is provided at the end of the rotating groove (7024) at one end, one end of the rotating shaft (7025) is inserted into the end groove (7026), a conductive rod (7027) is fixedly installed on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating shaft (7025), annular conductive rings (7028) are symmetrically installed on the inner walls of both sides of the end groove (7026), and the two ends of the conductive rod (7027) are respectively in contact with the two annular conductive rings (7028), an upper magnetic plate (7029) is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the end groove (7026), and a lower magnetic plate (70210) is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the end groove (7026), the magnetism of the upper magnetic plate (7029) is opposite to that of the lower magnetic plate (70210), and an ammeter is installed in series between the two annular conductive rings (7028).

4. The sugarcane harvester transmission system with automatic fault diagnosis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expansion pushing unit (703) includes a fixed block (7031) fixedly mounted on the mounting plate (701), two movable grooves (7032) are symmetrically provided inside the fixed block (7031), a lower rod groove (7033) is symmetrically provided on one side of the movable groove (7032) close to the mounting box (7021), a movable piston (7034) is slidably installed inside the movable groove (7032), the outer wall of the movable piston (7034) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the movable groove (7032), a connecting rod (7035) is symmetrically installed on one side of the movable piston (7034) close to the mounting box (7021), and the connecting rod (7035) passes through the lower rod groove (7033) and is fixedly connected to the mounting box (7021).

5. The sugarcane harvester transmission system with automatic fault diagnosis according to claim 4, characterized in that: An expansion chamber (7036) is provided inside the fixed block (7031), and the expansion chamber (7036) is located above the movable groove (7032). A connecting groove (7037) is symmetrically provided at the bottom end of the expansion chamber (7036), and the bottom ends of the two connecting grooves (7037) are respectively connected to the two movable grooves (7032), and the connecting grooves (7037) are located on the side of the movable piston (7034) away from the installation box (7021), and a detection and adjustment unit (704) is installed inside the expansion chamber (7036).

6. The sugarcane harvester transmission system with automatic fault diagnosis according to claim 5, characterized in that: The detection and adjustment unit (704) includes a ventilation groove (7041) opened on a side of the expansion chamber (7036) close to the active bevel gear (501); a closed piston (7042) is movably installed inside the expansion chamber (7036); when the closed piston (7042) moves toward the ventilation groove (7041), the closed piston (7042) moves into the ventilation groove (7041), and the outer wall of the closed piston (7042) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the ventilation groove (7041); heat-conducting rods (7043) are symmetrically installed on the closed piston (7042); one end of the heat-conducting rod (7043) passes through a side of the closed piston (7042) close to the active bevel gear (501); a transverse heat-conducting plate (7044) is installed between the two heat-conducting rods (7043); and a longitudinal heat-conducting plate (7045) is equidistantly installed at the bottom end of the transverse heat-conducting plate (7044).

7. The sugarcane harvester transmission system with automatic fault diagnosis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expansion chamber (7036) is symmetrically provided with an upper rod groove (7046) on one side away from the active bevel gear (501); a piston rod (7047) is installed at one end of the heat-conducting rod (7043); one end of the piston rod (7047) passes through the upper rod groove (7046) to the side of the fixed block (7031) close to the connecting shaft (503); an end box (7048) is installed at one end of the piston rod (7047); a movable block (7049) is movably installed inside the end box (7048); and the movable block (7049) is installed at one end of the piston rod (7047). 49) A cross bar (70410) is fixedly installed on the side away from the piston rod (7047), a longitudinal bar (70411) is installed on one end of the cross bar (70410), the bottom end of the longitudinal bar (70411) is fixedly connected to the installation box (7021), and a pulling spring (70412) is symmetrically installed on the side of the movable block (7049) close to the closed piston (7042), and one end of the pulling spring (70412) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the end box (7048) close to the closed piston (7042).

8. The sugarcane harvester transmission system with automatic fault diagnosis according to claim 7, characterized in that: A connecting plate (70413) is installed between the two end boxes (7048), a screw rod (70414) is threadedly installed on the connecting plate (70413), one end of the screw rod (70414) is rotatably installed inside the fixed block (7031), a lower sprocket (70415) is installed on the screw rod (70414), an upper sprocket (70416) is provided above the lower sprocket (70415), a chain (70417) is installed on the outer sides of the lower sprocket (70415) and the upper sprocket (70416), one end of the chain (70417) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor (70418), and the driving motor (70418) is fixedly installed on the fixed block (7031).

9. The sugarcane harvester transmission system with automatic fault diagnosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second transmission connecting member (6) comprises a driving pulley (601) installed at one end of the driving shaft (1), a driven pulley (602) is provided on one side of the driving pulley (601), a transmission belt (603) is installed on the outer sides of the driving pulley (601) and the driven pulley (602), and a transverse sweeping blade (604) is installed on the driven pulley (602).

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