High-underground-water-level hollow-out top-down vertical shaft structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a high underground water level spaced hollowed-out reverse vertical shaft structure and a construction method thereof.The high underground water level spaced hollowed-out reverse vertical shaft structure comprises a waterproof curtain, a lock mouth ring beam, vertical supporting well walls, horizontal supporting well walls and a hollowed-out well wall, the waterproof curtain is arranged on the outer side of the well wall, and the horizontal supporting well walls and the vertical supporting well walls are alternately arranged; the hollowed-out well walls are arranged at intervals at the vertical supporting well walls, the hollowed-out well walls, the vertical supporting well walls and the hollowed-out well walls form a frame structure. The well wall is composed of the vertical supporting well wall, the horizontal supporting well wall and the hollowed-out well wall, the vertical supporting well wall, the horizontal supporting well wall and the hollowed-out well wall form a frame structure, and the good soil retaining effect is achieved; the waterproof curtain is arranged on the outer side of the shaft wall, so that the self-stabilization capacity of the soil body on the side wall of the vertical shaft can be improved while the waterproof effect is achieved, and the construction safety of the reverse vertical shaft during downward excavation of the soil body is guaranteed. The hollowed-out well wall is undisturbed soil on the side wall of the vertical well, supporting and retaining measures are not needed by utilizing the self-stabilization capacity of a soil body and the restraining effect of the vertical supporting and retaining well wall and the horizontal supporting and retaining well wall, and therefore the well wall concrete work amount is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reverse shaft construction, and in particular to a reverse shaft structure with high groundwater level intervals hollowed out and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of urban underground space development and utilization technology, there are more and more urban municipal projects such as rainwater and sewage pipes, cable tunnels, and integrated pipe galleries. Such underground projects are usually located within the scope of urban main roads. The surrounding construction environment and the existing underground pipelines are complicated. The traffic volume on the main roads is large and there are no conditions for large-scale excavation construction. At this time, the use of dark excavation construction can solve the above problems. At present, the application of dark excavation in the field of underground engineering is increasing. The vertical shaft is an indispensable part of the dark excavation construction. When the engineering geology and hydrogeology conditions of the vertical shaft project are complex, it is very important to adopt a safe, reliable, and economically reasonable vertical shaft structure in combination with the characteristics of engineering geology and hydrogeology in the super-large, super-deep vertical shaft projects with high groundwater levels and complex surrounding construction environments.

[0003] At present, the vertical shafts in some underground excavation projects are constructed by reverse construction. In such projects, the shaft structure is only used as a temporary support and retaining structure. The soil is excavated in sections from the ground to the bottom while the shaft wall structure is constructed. Under the condition of high groundwater level, the vertical shaft is constructed by reverse construction. At this time, the self-stability of the soil is relatively poor, which requires the vertical shaft structure to have reliable water-stopping measures during construction. At the same time, there is a large water and soil pressure on the shaft wall structure, which may lead to a large thickness of the shaft wall. The shaft wall is all cast-in-place concrete, which will not only increase the amount of cast-in-place concrete engineering and increase construction costs, but also large-scale concrete pouring will increase the construction period, which is not in line with the engineering concept of low-carbon and environmental protection. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reverse vertical shaft structure with high groundwater level intervals and hollowing, so as to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for a reverse-built vertical shaft structure with hollow intervals at a high groundwater level, so as to solve the problems faced during the reverse-built vertical shaft construction under high groundwater level conditions, such as difficulty in water stopping the vertical shaft structure, great construction difficulty, high cost of cast-in-place concrete, and long construction period.

[0006] To this end, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A reverse shaft structure with high underground water level and hollowed out intervals comprises a water-stop curtain, a locking ring beam, a vertical supporting shaft wall, a horizontal supporting shaft wall and a hollow shaft wall, wherein the water-stop curtain is arranged on the outside of the shaft wall, the horizontal supporting shaft wall and the vertical supporting shaft wall are arranged alternately, and the hollow shaft wall is arranged at intervals at the vertical supporting shaft wall, the vertical supporting shaft wall, the horizontal supporting shaft wall and the hollow shaft wall form a frame structure, and the locking ring beam is arranged at the top of the shaft.

[0007] The vertical retaining shaft wall is a steel-concrete structure, in which vertical load-bearing steel sections are arranged, and vertical connecting steel bars are used between the vertical load-bearing steel sections.

[0008] The horizontal retaining shaft wall is a steel-concrete structure, and horizontal force-bearing steel sections are arranged in the horizontal retaining shaft wall. Horizontal connecting steel bars are used between the horizontal force-bearing steel sections.

[0009] The water-stop curtain is provided with two or three rows, the pile diameter is 400mm-800mm, and the overlap length is 150mm-200mm.

[0010] The hollow shaft wall is the original soil of the shaft side wall.

[0011] The vertical retaining shaft wall and the horizontal retaining shaft wall are both provided with steel mesh and inserted steel mesh bars, and the steel mesh is arranged on the inserted steel mesh bars.

[0012] The height of the locking ring beam is 1.0m to 1.5m, the width of the vertical retaining shaft wall is 2.0m to 3.5m, and the height of the horizontal retaining shaft wall is 2.0m to 3.5m.

[0013] A construction method of a reverse vertical shaft structure with high groundwater level interval hollowing, comprising the following steps: Step 1) Water-stop curtain construction; Step 2) Construction of the interlocking ring beam: Lay out the interlocking ring beam according to the plane dimensions of the shaft, then excavate to the bottom elevation of the interlocking ring beam, compact the facing soil and construct the cushion layer, tie the interlocking ring beam reinforcement, and after the interlocking ring beam reinforcement is tied, support the formwork and pour concrete; Step 3) Horizontal retaining wall construction: Excavate the earthwork within the horizontal retaining wall according to the height of the horizontal retaining wall. After the excavation is completed, construct the mesh and reinforcing bars, inner and outer layer steel mesh, horizontal force-bearing steel, horizontal connecting steel bars, and then spray concrete; Step 4) Construction of vertical retaining wall: Excavate the earthwork within the vertical retaining wall according to the height and width of the vertical retaining wall. After the excavation is completed, install the mesh and reinforcing bars, inner and outer layer steel mesh, vertical force-bearing steel, vertical connecting steel bars, and then spray concrete. Step 5) Repeat steps 3) to 4) until the well bottom is reached; Step 6) Bottom plate construction: Tie the bottom plate reinforcement to the reserved reinforcement of the horizontal retaining shaft wall to carry out the casting construction of the shaft bottom plate.

[0014] Step 1) The water-stop curtain is constructed using high-pressure jet grouting piles or cement-soil mixing piles, which are 20 cm to 50 cm away from the outer side of the shaft wall.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The various high groundwater level hollowed-out reverse shaft structures provided by the present invention are mainly composed of a vertical retaining shaft wall, a horizontal retaining shaft wall and a hollow shaft wall, the three of which form a frame structure and play a good soil retaining role. By arranging a water-stopping curtain on the outer side of the shaft wall, it can play a water-stopping role while improving the self-stabilizing ability of the soil on the side wall of the shaft, thereby ensuring the construction safety of the reverse shaft when excavating the soil downward.

[0016] Among them, the hollow shaft wall is the original soil of the shaft side wall, which utilizes the self-stabilizing ability of the soil and the restraining effect of the vertical and horizontal retaining shaft walls. No supporting measures are needed, thus saving the amount of shaft wall concrete engineering.

[0017] The invention has a simple construction process, saves engineering costs and construction period, can effectively ensure the structural safety of the shaft project during excavation, meets normal use functions, and conforms to the engineering concept of low carbon and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic elevation view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-section reinforcement of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of facade reinforcement according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Water-stop curtain; 2. Locking ring beam; 3. Vertical retaining well wall; 4. Horizontal retaining well wall; 5. Hollow well wall; 6. Vertical load-bearing steel; 7. Horizontal load-bearing steel; 8. Vertical connecting steel bars; 9. Horizontal connecting steel bars; 10. Hanging mesh and inserted steel bars; 11. Steel mesh. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0021] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to disclose the present invention in detail and completely and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The terms used in the exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the same units / elements are marked with the same reference numerals.

[0022] Unless otherwise specified, the terms (including technical terms) used herein have the commonly understood meanings to those skilled in the art. In addition, it is understood that the terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be understood to have the same meanings as those in the context of the relevant fields, and should not be understood as idealized or overly formal meanings. Example 1

[0023] The present invention provides a reverse vertical shaft structure with high groundwater level and hollowed out intervals, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a water-stop curtain 1, a locking ring beam 2, a vertical supporting well wall 3, a horizontal supporting well wall 4 and a hollow well wall 5, the water-stop curtain 1 is arranged on the outside of the well wall, the horizontal supporting well wall 4 and the vertical supporting well wall 3 are arranged alternately, and the hollow well wall 5 is arranged at intervals at the vertical supporting well wall 3, the vertical supporting well wall 3, the horizontal supporting well wall 4 and the hollow well wall 5 form a frame structure, and the locking ring beam 2 is arranged at the top of the vertical shaft.

[0024] The various hollowed-out reverse shaft structures at high groundwater levels provided by the present invention are mainly composed of a vertical retaining shaft wall 3, a horizontal retaining shaft wall 4 and a hollow shaft wall 5, which form a lattice structure and play a good soil retaining role. Among them, the hollow shaft wall 5 utilizes the self-stabilizing ability of the soil and the restraining effect of the vertical retaining shaft wall 3 and the horizontal retaining shaft wall 4, and does not require supporting measures, thereby saving the amount of shaft wall concrete engineering.

[0025] A water-stop curtain 1 is arranged on the outer side of the shaft wall to ensure that water will not gushed into the shaft during the downward excavation of the soil body in the reverse shaft, thereby ensuring construction safety. Example 2

[0026] On the basis of Example 1, this example provides a reverse shaft structure with high groundwater level interval hollowing, the vertical retaining shaft wall 3 is a steel concrete structure, the vertical retaining shaft wall 3 is provided with vertical force-bearing steel 6, and vertical connecting steel bars 8 are used between the vertical force-bearing steel 6. Figure 5 shown.

[0027] C30 concrete is used for all concrete; the distance between adjacent steel sections is 50cm to 100cm, and vertical connecting steel bars 8 are used between vertical load-bearing steel sections 6 to ensure overall coordinated force. Example 3

[0028] On the basis of Example 1, this example provides a reverse shaft structure with hollow intervals at a high groundwater level, wherein the horizontal retaining shaft wall 4 is a steel-concrete structure, wherein the horizontal retaining shaft wall 4 is provided with horizontal force-bearing steel sections 7, and horizontal connecting steel bars 9 are used between the horizontal force-bearing steel sections 7.

[0029] C30 concrete is used for all concrete; the distance between adjacent steel sections is 50cm to 100cm, and horizontal connecting steel bars 9 are used between horizontal force-bearing steel sections 7 to ensure overall coordinated force. Figure 5 shown. Example 4

[0030] On the basis of Example 1, this embodiment provides a reverse vertical shaft structure with high groundwater level intervals and hollowing, such as Figure 2 As shown, the water-stop curtain 1 is provided with two or three rows, the pile diameter is 400mm-800mm, and the overlap length is 150mm-200mm.

[0031] In this embodiment, two rows of water-stopping curtains 1 are arranged along the outer side of the shaft, which can effectively stop water and strengthen the soil on the side wall of the shaft. Example 5

[0032] On the basis of Example 1, this example provides a reverse vertical shaft structure with high groundwater level and hollowed out intervals, wherein the hollow shaft wall 5 is the original soil of the shaft side wall. Figure 3 shown.

[0033] The hollow shaft wall 5 is the original soil of the shaft side wall. The width and height of the hollow shaft wall 5 are 2.0m. By utilizing the self-stabilizing ability of the soil and the restraining effect of the vertical supporting shaft wall 3 and the horizontal supporting shaft wall 4, no supporting measures are required, thereby saving the shaft wall concrete engineering volume. Example 6

[0034] On the basis of Example 1, this example provides a reverse shaft structure with high groundwater level intervals and hollowing, wherein the vertical retaining shaft wall 3 and the horizontal retaining shaft wall 4 are both provided with a steel mesh 11 and inserted mesh steel bars, and the steel mesh 11 is arranged on the inserted mesh steel bars.

[0035] The height of the locking ring beam 2 is 1.0m to 1.5m, the width of the vertical retaining shaft wall 3 is 2.0m to 3.5m, and the height of the horizontal retaining shaft wall 4 is 2.0m to 3.5m.

[0036] like Figure 4As shown, steel meshes 11 are arranged on the near-soil side and far-soil side of the vertical retaining shaft wall 3 and the horizontal retaining shaft wall 4, and mesh inserts 10 are arranged on the near-soil side to facilitate the installation of the steel meshes 11. The horizontal and vertical spacings of the steel meshes 11 are both 150 mm to 200 mm. The steel meshes 11 can prevent the vertical retaining shaft wall 3 and the horizontal retaining shaft wall 4 from cracking. Example 7

[0037] This embodiment provides a construction method of a reverse-built vertical shaft structure with high groundwater level intervals and hollowing, comprising the following steps: Step 1) Construction of water-stop curtain 1; Step 2) Construction of the locking ring beam 2: Lay out the locking ring beam 2 in accordance with the plane dimensions of the shaft, then after excavating to the bottom elevation of the locking ring beam 2, compact the facing soil and construct the cushion layer, tie the locking ring beam 2 steel bars, and after the locking ring beam 2 steel bars are tied, cast the concrete in the formwork; Step 3) Construction of horizontal retaining wall 4: excavate the earthwork within the range of the horizontal retaining wall 4 according to the height of the horizontal retaining wall 4, and after the excavation is completed, construct the mesh and inserted steel bars 10, the inner and outer layer steel meshes 11, the horizontal force-bearing steel 7, the horizontal connecting steel bars 9, and then spray concrete; Step 4) Construction of vertical retaining wall 3: Excavation is performed within the vertical retaining wall 3 according to the height and width of the vertical retaining wall 3. After the excavation is completed, mesh reinforcement 10, inner and outer layer steel mesh 11, vertical force-bearing steel 6, vertical connecting steel 8 are constructed, and then shotcrete is sprayed; Step 5) Repeat steps 3) to 4) until the well bottom is reached; Step 6) Bottom plate construction: tie the bottom plate reinforcement to the reserved reinforcement of the horizontal retaining shaft wall 4, so as to carry out the casting construction of the vertical shaft bottom plate.

[0038] When constructing the locking ring beam 2, the reinforcement of the locking ring beam 2 should be tied with reserved reinforcement to facilitate connection with the lower horizontal retaining wall 4. When excavating earth and constructing the horizontal retaining wall 4 and the vertical retaining wall 3, it is necessary to control the excavation height to prevent over-excavation, ensure the self-stability of the side wall of the shaft before the horizontal retaining wall 4 and the vertical retaining wall 3 are formed, and ensure construction safety. When constructing the high-pressure rotary jet pile or cement soil mixing pile water-stop curtain 1, the pile position deviation should be controlled to achieve better water-stopping and soil reinforcement effects.

[0039] In summary, the present invention can effectively solve the problems faced during the reverse shaft construction under high groundwater level conditions, such as the difficulty in water stopping of the shaft structure, the difficulty in construction, the high cost of cast-in-place concrete, and the long construction period. The shaft structure is safe and reliable. A water-stopping curtain 1 is arranged on the outside of the shaft wall, which can stop water while improving the self-stabilizing ability of the shaft side wall soil, ensuring the construction safety of the reverse shaft when excavating the soil downward. The shaft wall structure is composed of a vertical supporting shaft wall 3, a horizontal supporting shaft wall 4, and a hollow shaft wall 5. The three form a shaft wall structure with a frame structure. The construction process is simple, saving engineering costs and construction period, and can effectively ensure the structural safety of the shaft project during excavation, while complying with the engineering concept of low-carbon and environmental protection.

[0040] The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. All designs that are the same or similar to the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reverse shaft structure with hollowed-out intervals at a high groundwater level, characterized in that: It includes a water-stop curtain, a locking ring beam, a vertical supporting well wall, a horizontal supporting well wall and a hollow well wall. The water-stop curtain is arranged on the outside of the well wall, the horizontal supporting well wall and the vertical supporting well wall are arranged alternately, and the hollow well wall is arranged at intervals at the vertical supporting well wall. The vertical supporting well wall, the horizontal supporting well wall and the hollow well wall form a frame structure, and the locking ring beam is arranged at the top of the vertical shaft.

2. The reverse vertical shaft structure with high groundwater level interval hollowing according to claim 1 is characterized by: The vertical retaining shaft wall is a steel-concrete structure, in which vertical load-bearing steel sections are arranged, and vertical connecting steel bars are used between the vertical load-bearing steel sections.

3. The reverse vertical shaft structure with high groundwater level interval hollowing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal retaining shaft wall is a steel-concrete structure, and horizontal force-bearing steel sections are arranged in the horizontal retaining shaft wall. Horizontal connecting steel bars are used between the horizontal force-bearing steel sections.

4. The reverse vertical shaft structure with high groundwater level and hollowed out intervals according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water-stop curtain is provided with two or three rows, the pile diameter is 400mm-800mm, and the overlap length is 150mm-200mm.

5. The reverse vertical shaft structure with high groundwater level and hollowed out intervals according to claim 1 is characterized by: The hollow shaft wall is the original soil of the shaft side wall.

6. The reverse vertical shaft structure with high groundwater level interval hollowing according to claim 1 is characterized by: The vertical retaining shaft wall and the horizontal retaining shaft wall are both provided with steel mesh and inserted steel mesh bars, and the steel mesh is arranged on the inserted steel mesh bars.

7. A reverse vertical shaft structure with high groundwater level and hollowed out intervals according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The height of the locking ring beam is 1.0m to 1.5m, the width of the vertical retaining shaft wall is 2.0m to 3.5m, and the height of the horizontal retaining shaft wall is 2.0m to 3.5m.

8. A construction method for a high groundwater level interval hollowed-out reverse shaft structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1) Water-stop curtain construction; Step 2) Construction of the interlocking ring beam: Lay out the interlocking ring beam according to the plane dimensions of the shaft, then excavate to the bottom elevation of the interlocking ring beam, compact the facing soil and construct the cushion layer, tie the interlocking ring beam reinforcement, and after the interlocking ring beam reinforcement is tied, support the formwork and pour concrete; Step 3) Horizontal retaining wall construction: Excavate the earthwork within the horizontal retaining wall according to the height of the horizontal retaining wall. After the excavation is completed, construct the mesh and reinforcing bars, inner and outer layer steel mesh, horizontal force-bearing steel, horizontal connecting steel bars, and then spray concrete; Step 4) Construction of vertical retaining wall: Excavate the earthwork within the vertical retaining wall according to the height and width of the vertical retaining wall. After the excavation is completed, install the mesh and reinforcing bars, inner and outer layer steel mesh, vertical force-bearing steel, vertical connecting steel bars, and then spray concrete. Step 5) Repeat steps 3) to 4) until the well bottom is reached; Step 6) Bottom plate construction: Tie the bottom plate reinforcement to the reserved reinforcement of the horizontal retaining shaft wall to carry out the casting construction of the shaft bottom plate.

9. The construction method of a high groundwater level interval hollowed-out reverse shaft structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step 1) The water-stop curtain is constructed using high-pressure jet grouting piles or cement-soil mixing piles, which are 20 cm to 50 cm away from the outer side of the shaft wall.

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