Free forging hydraulic press lower anvil with cooling and rotating functions and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forging production, and discloses a free forging hydraulic press lower anvil with cooling and rotating functions and a method thereof, and the method is realized through a lower anvil structure and comprises the following steps: forging, when an upper anvil punches downwards, a workpiece transmits pressure to a rotating disc, the rotating disc extrudes a buffer assembly and then is in contact with an anvil block, and the anvil block transmits the pressure to the ground; forging is completed; the hydraulic motor is used for conveying high-pressure oil to the interior of the anvil block, and the hydraulic motor drives the rotating disc to rotate; and cooling is conducted, specifically, high-pressure gas enters the anvil block through a serial flow channel in the anvil block and is conveyed to the hydraulic motor and the rotating disc along the serial flow channel and the assembling gap of the lower anvil, and cooling is completed by converting high pressure into low pressure. Rotating and cooling functions are integrated in the limited and narrow lower anvil structure, the risk that the lower anvil is prone to deformation at high temperature is reduced, meanwhile, the borne impact force is buffered, the service life of the anvil block and the hydraulic motor is prolonged, the forging capacity is improved, and the lower anvil structure can be suitable for various hydraulic devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forging production, in particular to a lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotating functions and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The free forging hydraulic press is an important equipment for free forging of metals. It mainly provides power through the hydraulic transmission system to achieve free plastic deformation of metal billets, thereby producing high-quality forged parts. The hydraulic press usually adopts a four-column or frame structure design. The key components include the slider connecting plate, the upper anvil, the lower anvil and the movable workbench. The lower anvil not only connects the workpiece and the workbench, but also needs to withstand the huge pressure transmitted from the hydraulic press through the slider connecting plate and the upper anvil.

[0003] However, the high temperature and high pressure environment during forging operations can easily cause deformation and damage to the lower anvil, which has a great impact on the quality and production efficiency of forged products. And with the continuous improvement of the requirements for forging processes, the workpiece is also required to be able to move, rotate and other actions during the forging process, resulting in higher and higher requirements for the lower anvil. However, due to the structural limitations of the three-beam and four-column hydraulic press, it is difficult to cool down or operate the high-temperature lower anvil at the same time in a limited space. Multiple requirements such as rotation make the lower anvil and even the entire hydraulic transmission system easily damaged at high temperatures due to the limitations of the hydraulic press structure, and cannot meet higher production requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions and a method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the lower anvil is easily damaged by high temperature deformation and is difficult to rotate and cool in a limited space.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, a method for using a lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions, which realizes the following functions through the lower anvil structure, including:

[0006] Forging, the workpiece is placed on the rotating disk of the lower anvil. When the upper anvil presses downward, the workpiece transfers the pressure to the rotating disk. The rotating disk squeezes the buffer assembly and contacts the anvil. The anvil transfers the pressure to the ground to complete the forging process;

[0007] Rotate, and transmit high-pressure oil to the hydraulic motor inside the anvil through the hydraulic inlet and return oil pipes. The rotation of the hydraulic motor drives the rotating disk to rotate;

[0008] Cooling, the high-pressure gas enters the anvil through the series flow channel set inside the anvil, and the high-pressure gas is transported to the hydraulic motor and the rotating disk along the series flow channel and the assembly gap of the lower anvil, and the cooling is completed by converting high pressure to low pressure.

[0009] Furthermore, the buffer assembly includes an elastic structure and a rotating structure. The rotating structure is arranged above the elastic structure. When the rotating disk rotates, the rotating structure is driven to rotate relatively.

[0010] Furthermore, during forging, the pressure exerted on the rotating structure is buffered by the elastic structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating structure includes a lower bearing seat arranged on the anvil, a steel ball arranged on the lower bearing seat, and an upper bearing seat arranged on the steel ball, and the upper bearing seat is arranged at the lower part of the rotating disk; the upper bearing seat rotates relative to the lower bearing seat through the steel ball, thereby driving the rotating disk to rotate on the anvil.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-pressure gas is 0.8 MPa high-pressure gas.

[0013] Furthermore, the series flow channel is connected from one side of the anvil to the hydraulic motor cavity inside the anvil, and is connected from the hydraulic motor cavity to the upper surface of the anvil.

[0014] Furthermore, during the cooling process, the lower anvil is lubricated by the flow of high-pressure gas.

[0015] At the same time, the present solution also provides a lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions, which is applied to the above-mentioned method of using the lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions, comprising an anvil and a rotating disk, a hydraulic motor cavity is provided at the center of the anvil, and a hydraulic motor is provided in the hydraulic motor cavity; a buffer assembly is provided on the surface of the anvil, and the buffer assembly includes an elastic structure and a rotating structure, and the rotating structure is provided on the elastic structure; a series flow channel is provided in the anvil, one end of the series flow channel is connected to the outside of the anvil, and the other end is connected to the upper surface of the anvil; the rotating disk is provided above the anvil through a connecting shaft, and the upper part of the rotating structure is provided on the lower surface of the rotating disk.

[0016] Furthermore, the series flow channel includes a delivery pipe and a cold air pipe. The delivery pipe is vertically arranged above the hydraulic motor cavity and is respectively connected to the hydraulic motor cavity and the anvil surface; the cold air pipe is arranged on one side of the anvil, one end of which is connected to the hydraulic motor cavity, and the other end is connected to the outside of the anvil.

[0017] Furthermore, the diameter of the delivery pipe is 10-25 mm, so as to ensure the stability and uniformity of high-pressure gas delivery and achieve a cooling effect.

[0018] The principles and advantages of this solution are:

[0019] Since the forging hydraulic press generally has a three-beam and four-column structure, the structural space of the entire lower anvil is limited, making the expansion space of the lower anvil limited. As the requirements for forging technology continue to increase, the workpiece needs to rotate and move during forging, which makes the operation process difficult to accurately control and there are certain safety risks. As the forging process continues to improve, affected by the use environment of the forging equipment, the lower anvil is very easy to deform and damage due to high temperature. If you want to achieve functions such as cooling, rotation, and movement, you can only use external transmission mechanisms or cooling equipment, which means that it occupies a large space, is inconvenient to operate, and is not flexible enough to control, making it difficult to achieve effective forging operations.

[0020] At the same time, because the lower anvil has a compact structure and is located in a relatively harsh production environment, it is generally difficult to install a motor or other driving device inside the lower anvil. The high temperature of the lower anvil can easily damage the motor and make it unusable. Therefore, it is not considered to install a driving device in a high-temperature working environment, but to use an external device for driving or cooling. As a result, when the existing lower anvil structure needs to be cooled or the workpiece needs to be moved and rotated, it can only be operated through external devices.

[0021] This solution overcomes the technical difficulty of the prior art that it is difficult to simultaneously install the drive device in a high temperature environment. In a limited and compact lower anvil structure, the hydraulic motor cavity is used as the installation cavity of the hydraulic motor, and also as a part of the cooling channel, which can not only cool the hydraulic motor in time, but also transmit the cooling gas to various parts such as the anvil through the hydraulic motor cavity to achieve cooling of the lower anvil structure, further avoiding the problem of the lower anvil being easily deformed due to high temperature, and also solving the problem that the drive device cannot be effectively installed for use in a high-temperature lower anvil. The use of this solution also has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The rotation function and cooling function are added to improve the forging capacity of the equipment and the service life of the anvil and hydraulic motor;

[0023] 2. The design of the buffer component avoids the damage of the rotating structure caused by pressure during forging, thus prolonging the service life;

[0024] 3. The hydraulic motor is installed inside the anvil, which has a more compact structure and can adapt to various hydraulic equipment and space structures;

[0025] 4. The lower anvil has a simple and compact structure design, is easy to disassemble and assemble, has a wide applicability, can be reused, and effectively reduces production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a method for using a lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotating functions.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the forging process of an existing large hydraulic press.

[0028] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions.

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the buffer component.

[0030] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the anvil structure of the lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions.

[0031] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotating disk of a lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotating functions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0033] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: upper anvil 1, workpiece 2, lower anvil 3, rotating disk 4, buffer assembly 5, anvil 6, elastic structure 7, rotating structure 8, spring bolt seat 9, spring 10, spring cover 11, spring nut 12, hydraulic motor 13, connecting shaft 14, lower bearing seat 15, steel ball 16, upper bearing seat 17, series flow channel 18, hydraulic motor cavity 19, conveying pipeline 20, cold air pipeline 21, first groove 22, hydraulic inlet and return oil pipe 23, oil pipe channel 24, air quick-change joint 25, through hole 26, coupling chuck 27, blind cover 28, second groove 29, blocking plate 30, and slot 31.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] This embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, a method for using the lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions integrates the cooling and rotation functions into the lower anvil structure within a limited space, designs a more compact and multifunctional lower anvil structure, and realizes integrated production of cooling, rotation and forging. This method includes:

[0036] 1. Forging, combining with Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 As shown, the workpiece 2 is placed on the rotating disk 4 of the lower anvil 3. When the upper anvil 1 presses downward, the workpiece 2 transfers the pressure to the rotating disk 4 of the lower anvil 3. The rotating disk 4 squeezes the buffer assembly 5 and then contacts the anvil 6. The anvil 6 transfers the pressure to the ground, completing the forging process.

[0037] In this embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 4 As shown, the buffer assembly 5 includes an elastic structure 7 and a rotating structure 8 installed in the anvil 6. The rotating structure 8 is installed above the elastic structure 7. The elastic structure 7 is used to buffer the pressure on the anvil 6.

[0038] During forging, the elastic structure 7 buffers the pressure on the rotating structure 8, thereby reducing the impact force on the rotating structure 8 and increasing the service life of the rotating structure 8. In this embodiment, the elastic structure 7 can mainly adopt a spring assembly, including a spring bolt seat 9, a spring 10, a spring cover 11 and a spring nut 12 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The spring assembly realizes pressure buffering to reduce the damage of the impact force to the rotating structure 8, thereby extending the service life of the lower anvil 3.

[0039] 2. Rotation: The high-pressure oil is transmitted to the hydraulic motor disposed inside the anvil through the hydraulic oil inlet and return pipes 23, and the rotation of the hydraulic motor drives the rotating disk to rotate.

[0040] As attached Figure 3 As shown, a hydraulic motor 13 is installed at the center of the anvil 6, a hydraulic inlet and return oil pipe 23 is connected to the bottom of the hydraulic motor 13, and a connecting shaft 14 is installed on the top of the hydraulic motor 13, and the anvil 6 and the rotating disk 4 are connected through the connecting shaft 14. When rotation is required, high-pressure oil is sent into the hydraulic motor 13 to drive the hydraulic motor 13 to rotate, drive the connecting shaft 14 to rotate, and thus drive the rotating disk 4 to rotate. In this embodiment, the connecting shaft 14 can be driven by a spline shaft.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the rotating disk 4 rotates, it will drive the rotating structure 8 to rotate relatively. Figure 4 As shown, the rotating structure 8 includes a lower bearing seat 15 arranged on the anvil 6, a steel ball 16 arranged on the lower bearing seat 15, and an upper bearing seat 17 arranged on the steel ball 16, wherein the upper bearing seat 17 is installed at the lower part of the rotating disk 4. The upper bearing seat 17 rotates relative to the lower bearing seat 15 through the steel ball 16. Specifically, during rotation, the length of the elastic structure 7 is adjusted by the spring nut 12 to ensure that in a free state, the spring 10 can lift the lower bearing seat 15 and the steel ball 16, thereby lifting the rotating disk 4 through the upper bearing seat 17, so that there is a 3-5mm gap between the rotating disk 4 and the anvil 6, thereby realizing the rotation of the rotating disk through the steel ball 16 without damaging the rotating disk 4 and the anvil 6.

[0042] 3. Cooling: The high-pressure gas enters the anvil through the flow channel 18 arranged inside the anvil, and is transported to the hydraulic motor 13 and the rotating disk 4 along the flow channel 18 and the assembly gap of the lower anvil 3, and the cooling is completed by converting high pressure to low pressure.

[0043] In this embodiment, the high pressure gas is 0.8MPa high pressure gas. Figure 3 As shown, the flow channel 18 is connected from one side of the anvil 6 to a hydraulic motor chamber 19 inside the anvil 6 , and is connected from the hydraulic motor chamber 19 to the upper surface of the anvil 6 .

[0044] At the same time, during the cooling process, the lower anvil 3 and various component structures can also be lubricated by the flow of high-pressure gas.

[0045] In this embodiment, the flow channel 18 includes a delivery pipe 20 and a cold air pipe 21. The delivery pipe 20 is vertically arranged above the hydraulic motor cavity 19 and is respectively connected to the hydraulic motor cavity 19 and the surface of the anvil 6. The cold air pipe 21 is transversely arranged on one side of the inside of the anvil 6, and one end is connected to the hydraulic motor cavity 19, and the other end is connected to the outside of the anvil 6. By sending high-pressure gas from the cold air pipe 21, the hydraulic motor 13 is cooled through the hydraulic motor cavity 19, and at the same time, it reaches the surface of the anvil 6 through the delivery pipe 20 and spreads to each assembly gap, thereby cooling the entire lower anvil device, achieving a forging cooling effect, reducing the risk of the lower anvil 3 being easily damaged and deformed due to high temperature, and improving the service life and forging quality of the lower anvil.

[0046] In the present embodiment, the limited lower anvil space is fully utilized to fully utilize the compact structure of the lower anvil, the hydraulic motor 13 is installed inside it, and the hydraulic motor cavity 19 is used as a part of the channel to realize the delivery of cooling gas, which not only satisfies the rotation function, but also achieves the cooling effect of the hydraulic motor 13 and the entire device, thereby realizing a lower anvil device integrating rotation and cooling without occupying too much equipment volume, breaking through the dilemma of the existing hydraulic press that cannot carry out multiple forging processes at the same time due to structural limitations, and overcoming the difficulty of expanding the lower anvil structure under the existing limitations, effectively realizing the diversified structural manufacturing of the lower anvil structure, and being more conducive to the operation and production of the forging process.

[0047] At the same time, because the lower anvil has a compact structure and is located in a relatively harsh production environment, it is generally difficult to install a motor or other driving device inside the lower anvil. The high temperature of the lower anvil can easily damage the motor and make it unusable. Therefore, it is not considered to install a driving device in a high-temperature working environment, but to use an external device for driving or cooling. As a result, when the existing lower anvil structure needs to be cooled or the workpiece needs to be moved and rotated, it can only be operated through external devices.

[0048] The present solution overcomes the technical difficulty in the prior art that it is difficult to simultaneously install the driving device in a high-temperature environment. In a limited and compact lower anvil structure, the hydraulic motor cavity is used as the installation cavity of the hydraulic motor, and also as a part of the cooling channel. It can not only cool the hydraulic motor in time, but also transmit the cooling gas to various parts such as the anvil through the hydraulic motor cavity, thereby cooling the lower anvil structure, further avoiding the problem of the lower anvil being easily deformed due to high temperature, and solving the problem that the driving device cannot be effectively installed for use in a high-temperature lower anvil.

[0049] Embodiment 2

[0050] In this embodiment, a lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotating functions is provided, which is applied to the method for using the lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotating functions in Embodiment 1. Figure 3 As shown, it includes an anvil 6 and a rotating disk 4, a hydraulic motor chamber 19 is provided at the center of the anvil 6, and a hydraulic motor 13 is installed in the hydraulic motor chamber 19. A connecting shaft 14 is installed on the hydraulic motor 13, and the upper part of the connecting shaft 14 is arranged at the lower part of the rotating disk 4. The rotating disk 4 is arranged above the anvil 6 through the connecting shaft 14, so that the connecting shaft 14 is driven to rotate by the hydraulic motor 13, and the rotating disk 4 is driven to rotate relative to the anvil 6.

[0051] As attached Figure 5 As shown, a first groove 22 with a circular ring structure is provided on the surface of the anvil 6, and the buffer component 5 is installed in the first groove 22. In this embodiment, the buffer component 5 is as shown in the attached Figure 4 As shown, it includes an elastic structure 7 and a rotating structure 8, and the rotating structure 8 is installed on the elastic structure 8, which will not be described in detail here. Figure 3 As shown, a flow channel 18 is provided in the anvil 6, one end of the flow channel 18 is connected to the outside of the anvil 6, and the other end is connected to the upper surface of the anvil 6. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the diameter of the delivery pipe 20 is 10-25mm to ensure the stability and uniformity of the high-pressure gas delivery, while achieving a cooling effect. An air quick-change joint 25 is provided at the end of the cold air pipe 21, and high-pressure air is connected through the air quick-change joint 25 to achieve the delivery of compressed air.

[0052] An oil pipe channel 24 is provided below the cooling air pipe 21 . The hydraulic oil inlet and return pipes 23 are arranged in the oil pipe channel 24 . A blocking plate 30 is provided at the end of the hydraulic oil inlet and return pipes 23 to block the hydraulic oil inlet and return pipes 23 .

[0053] As attached Figure 6 As shown, a second groove 29 with a circular ring structure is provided on the lower surface of the rotating disk 4 . The second groove 29 is arranged opposite to the first groove 22 , and the upper bearing seat 17 is installed in the second groove 29 by connecting bolts.

[0054] A through hole 26 is provided in the middle of the rotating disk 4, and the upper part of the connecting shaft 14 is installed in the through hole 26. A coupling chuck 27 is also installed above the connecting shaft 14, and the coupling chuck 27 is installed in the card slot 31, so that the connecting shaft 14 is fixedly connected to the rotating disk 4. A blind cover 28 is provided on the top of the coupling chuck 27, and the center of the rotating disk 4 is covered by the blind cover 28 to ensure safety.

[0055] In this embodiment, by setting a structure in which the anvil and the rotating disk are rotatably connected to each other, the rotation function of the lower anvil is increased, and the hydraulic motor 13 is installed inside the anvil 6, the structure is more compact, does not occupy extra space, can adapt to various hydraulic equipment and spatial structures, and realize the demand for the rotation of the lower anvil under a limited structural layout, thereby improving the forging capacity of the equipment. At the same time, through the structure of the elastic structure 7, the damage of the rotating structure 8 during forging is avoided, the service life of the rotating structure 8 is increased, and the steel ball 16 is used as an intermediate rotating connector to reduce hard friction during rotation, further increasing the service life.

[0056] In this embodiment, the cooling function of the lower anvil and the equipment is cleverly achieved through the internally arranged series flow channel 18. The cooling of the high-temperature lower anvil is achieved without occupying excess space or increasing the volume of the equipment, thereby effectively increasing the service life of the anvil and the hydraulic motor.

[0057] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for using a lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions, characterized in that: The following functions are achieved through the lower anvil structure, including: Forging, the workpiece is placed on the rotating disk of the lower anvil. When the upper anvil presses downward, the workpiece transfers the pressure to the rotating disk. The rotating disk squeezes the buffer assembly and contacts the anvil. The anvil transfers the pressure to the ground to complete the forging process; Rotate, and transmit high-pressure oil to the hydraulic motor inside the anvil through the hydraulic inlet and return oil pipes. The rotation of the hydraulic motor drives the rotating disk to rotate; Cooling, the high-pressure gas enters the anvil through the series flow channel set inside the anvil, and the high-pressure gas is transported to the hydraulic motor and the rotating disk along the series flow channel and the assembly gap of the lower anvil, and the cooling is completed by converting high pressure to low pressure.

2. The method for using the lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly includes an elastic structure and a rotating structure. The rotating structure is arranged above the elastic structure. When the rotating disk rotates, the rotating structure is driven to rotate relatively.

3. The method for using the lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: During forging, the pressure exerted on the rotating structure is buffered by the elastic structure.

4. The method for using the lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating structure includes a lower bearing seat arranged on the anvil, a steel ball arranged on the lower bearing seat, and an upper bearing seat arranged on the steel ball, wherein the upper bearing seat is arranged at the lower part of the rotating disk; the upper bearing seat rotates relative to the lower bearing seat through the steel ball, thereby driving the rotating disk to rotate on the anvil.

5. The method for using the lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure gas is 0.8 MPa high-pressure gas.

6. The method for using the lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The series flow channel is connected from one side of the anvil to the hydraulic motor cavity inside the anvil, and is connected from the hydraulic motor cavity to the upper surface of the anvil.

7. The method for using the lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the cooling process, the lower anvil is also lubricated by the flow of high-pressure gas.

8. A lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions, characterized in that: A method for using a lower anvil of a free forging hydraulic press with cooling and rotation functions as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 above, comprising an anvil and a rotating disk, a hydraulic motor cavity being provided at the center of the anvil, and a hydraulic motor being provided in the hydraulic motor cavity; a buffer assembly being provided on the surface of the anvil, the buffer assembly comprising an elastic structure and a rotating structure, the rotating structure being provided on the elastic structure; a series flow channel being provided in the anvil, one end of the series flow channel being connected to the outside of the anvil, and the other end being connected to the upper surface of the anvil; the rotating disk being provided above the anvil through a connecting shaft, and the upper part of the rotating structure being provided on the lower surface of the rotating disk.

9. The device for conveniently disassembling the lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The series flow channel includes a delivery pipe and a cold air pipe. The delivery pipe is vertically arranged above the hydraulic motor cavity and is respectively connected to the hydraulic motor cavity and the anvil surface; the cold air pipe is arranged on one side of the anvil, one end of which is connected to the hydraulic motor cavity and the other end is connected to the outside of the anvil.

10. The device for conveniently disassembling the lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The diameter of the delivery pipe is 10-25 mm.

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