Milling equipment for precise hardware production and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of precision hardware machining, in particular to milling equipment for precision hardware production and a control method of the milling equipment. A first concave base pier is arranged on the left side of the platform base, a first stand column is arranged at the top of the first concave base pier, a first sliding table module is installed on the front face of the first stand column, a vertical shifting head is fixed to the first sliding table module, and a first Y-direction lead screw module is connected to the bottom of the vertical shifting head. The first Y-direction lead screw module is arranged in a power groove in the front face of the first stand column, one end of the first Y-direction lead screw module is connected with a first stepping motor through a coupler, and the first stepping motor is fixed to the top of the first stand column. According to the multifunctional milling machine, the functions of vertical milling, horizontal milling, special-shaped clamping, structure scanning and the like can be integrated, the singleness and limitation of functions and modes of traditional milling equipment are improved, manual labor force is replaced, and the qualified quality of milled products can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of precision hardware processing, and in particular to a milling device used for precision hardware production and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Milling is a commonly used cutting method, mainly used to process various planes, curved surfaces, grooves and complex shapes of hardware parts. Through the high-speed rotation of the milling cutter and the movement of the workpiece, the milling process can remove part of the material surface to achieve the required shape and precision. Milling is widely used in mechanical processing, mold manufacturing, automotive industry and other fields, and is one of the important processes that are indispensable in the manufacturing industry. The existing mainstream milling equipment is usually vertical milling machine tools and horizontal milling machine tools. The two have different milling advantages and can meet different milling production needs. However, when both vertical and horizontal milling effects are required for processing precision hardware, multiple devices are required to perform horizontal and vertical processing on the precision hardware, which greatly reduces the milling production efficiency; and precision hardware has very strict milling accuracy requirements, but existing milling equipment often generally has large program control errors, resulting in serious deviations in the milling of precision hardware; and some milling equipment has difficulty in achieving stable milling clamping for the processing of irregular-shaped precision hardware, causing the special-shaped precision hardware to detach from the equipment during the milling process, affecting the production and processing quality of special-shaped precision hardware, and failing to meet the expected milling needs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a milling device for the production of precision hardware and a control method thereof.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The present invention provides a milling device for the production of precision hardware, the milling device comprising a platform base: A first concave base pier is arranged on the left side of the platform base, a first column is arranged on the top of the first concave base pier, a first slide module is installed on the front of the first column, a vertical shift head is fixed on the first slide module, a first Y-axis screw module is connected to the bottom of the vertical shift head, the first Y-axis screw module is arranged in a power groove on the front of the first column, one end of the first Y-axis screw module is connected to a first stepper motor through a coupling, and the first stepper motor is fixed to the top of the first column; A second concave base pier is arranged on the right side of the platform base, a second column is arranged above the second concave base pier, the middle part of the second column is a hollow longitudinal sliding groove, a horizontal moving head is limitedly passed through the longitudinal sliding groove, a moving plate is welded at the bottom of the horizontal moving head, a second slide module is installed above the moving plate, the bottom of the second slide module is fixed to the front side of the second column, a second Y-axis screw module is connected to the side of the horizontal moving head, the second Y-axis screw module is installed in the longitudinal sliding groove of the second column through a bearing seat, one end of the second Y-axis screw module is connected to the second stepper motor through a coupling, and the second stepper motor is fixed to the top of the second column.

[0005] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a vertical milling spindle is arranged at the front end of the vertical shift head, a first spindle motor is connected to the top end of the vertical milling spindle, and the first spindle motor is fixed on the vertical shift head, and a vertical milling tool is fixed at the bottom end of the vertical milling spindle.

[0006] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a horizontal milling spindle is installed in the horizontal shift head, the horizontal milling spindle is connected to a second spindle motor, and a horizontal milling tool is fixed to the end of the horizontal milling spindle.

[0007] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a Z-axis screw module is provided on the platform base, the Z-axis screw module is connected to the bottom of the processing saddle and fixed on the bearing seat of the platform base, the end of the Z-axis screw module is connected to a third stepper motor, and a third slide module is installed at the bottom of the processing saddle, and the third slide module is fixed on the platform base.

[0008] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fourth slide module is provided on the top of the processing saddle, and the fourth slide module is connected to the bottom of the milling worktable. An X-axis screw module is also installed in the processing saddle through a bearing seat, and the X-axis screw module is connected to the milling worktable. One end of the X-axis screw module is connected to a fourth stepper motor through a coupling.

[0009] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a special-shaped clamping mechanism is fixed above the milling workbench, and the special-shaped clamping mechanism includes a clamping box. Two clamping boxes are provided and installed in a symmetrical state. Each clamping box is provided with a plurality of sleeves, and a first electromagnet device is fixed at the bottom of each sleeve. The first electromagnet device includes an insulating shell, a metal block is provided in the insulating shell, and an electric wire is wound around the metal block. One end of a rigid spring is sleeved on the periphery of the first electromagnet device, and the other end of the rigid spring is sleeved and connected to the outside of the second electromagnet device.

[0010] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second electromagnet device has exactly the same structure and function as the first electromagnet device and forms an electromagnet array in the clamping box. The second electromagnet device is also placed in the sleeve and fixed at the bottom of the corresponding special-shaped clamping column. The number of the special-shaped clamping columns is equal to the number of sleeves. Each of the special-shaped clamping columns passes through the sleeve and the top end can extend to the outside of the sleeve, so that all the extended special-shaped clamping columns are placed in the middle position of the two clamping boxes and can clamp precision hardware. The first electromagnet device and the second electromagnet device are both connected to the power control system.

[0011] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the milling workbench is provided with a structural scanning mechanism, and the structural scanning mechanism includes a semicircular gantry, and the semicircular gantry is connected and fixed to the side of the milling workbench through a rotating shaft, a first bevel gear is provided at one end of the rotating shaft, the first bevel gear meshes with a second bevel gear, and the second bevel gear is installed on a first micro servo motor, and semicircular slide rails are fixed on the front and rear sides of the semicircular gantry, and the two semicircular slide rails are connected to gantry sliders, and a spur gear is provided in the middle of the gantry slider, the spur gear is meshed with the ring rail teeth, and the spur gear is connected to the second micro servo motor, the second micro servo motor is fixed to the side of the gantry slider, and the ring rail teeth are provided on the side of the semicircular gantry, and a structured light camera is provided at the bottom of the gantry slider.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention provides a control method for a milling machine used in the production of precision hardware, which is applied to any of the milling machines used in the production of precision hardware, and specifically comprises the following steps: Obtain the phase-shifted fringe pattern of the target precision hardware and the preset scanning parameters of the structured light scanner, and simultaneously obtain the designated clamping area of ​​the special-shaped hardware; Constructing a structural projection calibration space according to the designated clamping area, projecting the phase-shifted fringe pattern of the target precision hardware into the structural projection calibration space based on preset scanning parameters, and generating a plurality of fringe interference patterns of the surface structured light of the target precision hardware in the designated clamping area; Acquire a phase shift control map based on a big data network, identify multiple fringe interference patterns in the phase shift control map, output a preset phase shift control rule where the surface structured light of the target precision hardware is in a specified clamping area, and set N offset positions according to the preset phase shift control rule; The phase of the interference light in the multiple fringe interference patterns is shifted by using a preset phase shift control rule to obtain the image grayscale value at each offset position, and the phase distribution pattern of the structured light on the surface of the target precision hardware in the specified clamping area is obtained by performing an orthogonal phase shift operation on each of the image grayscale values; Dividing a designated clamping area into a plurality of sub-clamping areas based on a phase distribution pattern, extracting a phase difference value corresponding to each sub-clamping area in the phase distribution pattern, and controlling the magnetic flux of the electromagnet array according to the phase difference value; Obtain the accurate domain model of the target precision hardware and the current blank structure, build the posture control domain of the milling equipment, and perform program interception of non-overlapping model interference in the posture control domain based on the current blank structure and the accurate domain model to control the milling equipment to mill the target precision hardware and generate the milling processing strategy.

[0013] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the current blank structure and accurate domain model of the blank to be milled are obtained, the posture control domain of the milling equipment is constructed, and the program interception of non-overlapping model interference in the posture control domain is performed based on the current blank structure and the accurate domain model to control the milling equipment to mill the target precision hardware and generate the milling processing strategy, including the following steps: Obtain the design drawings of the target precision hardware, control the structure scanning mechanism to scan the blank to be milled for milling the target precision hardware, and obtain the current blank structure of the blank to be milled; Obtaining the maximum specified processing space area of ​​the milling equipment and obtaining the preset milling point layout of the milling equipment for milling the current blank structure in the maximum specified processing space area through the design draft, and constructing the posture control field of the maximum specified processing space area; Based on the preset milling point layout, the posture control domain is divided into a number of sub-control domain blocks, and an accurate domain model of the target precision hardware is established according to the design drawings, and the overlapping part between the current blank structure model and the accurate domain model is eliminated to obtain the non-overlapping model part; Obtaining interference area values ​​of non-overlapping model parts in each sub-control area block and a predetermined milling program set in each sub-control area block, and presetting a program interception range threshold of each sub-control area block according to the interference area value; Taking the boundary of the sub-control area block as the interception starting point, for each sub-control area block, executing the interception operation of the predetermined milling program set on the sub-control area block from the interception starting point, and obtaining the current interception range value in real time; If the current interception range value of the sub-control area block does not reach the corresponding program interception range threshold, the interception planning operation continues; if the current interception range value of the sub-control area block has reached the corresponding program interception range threshold, the interception planning operation is stopped, and the established milling program after the sub-control area block is intercepted is output, which is defined as the target established milling program; The target predetermined milling program of each sub-control area block is obtained, and the milling process of the target precision hardware part by the milling equipment is controlled based on the target predetermined milling program of each sub-control area block to generate a milling process strategy.

[0014] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are: The present invention can provide milling processing of different modes and dimensions for the milling needs in the actual production and processing of precision hardware parts through the setting of vertical milling mechanism and horizontal milling mechanism, improving the singleness and limitations of the functions and modes of traditional milling equipment; at the same time, the special-shaped clamping mechanism can intelligently and automatically control and clamp the precision hardware parts according to their contour shape, greatly meeting the production and processing needs of special-shaped precision hardware parts, replacing the cumbersome steps of manual calculation and clamping of special-shaped hardware parts by traditional manual labor, saving time and labor, and improving the clamping stability and reliability of special-shaped precision hardware parts; and the structural scanning mechanism provides accurate precision hardware contour analysis data for milling processing and special-shaped clamping, further optimizing the milling accuracy of precision hardware parts. The present invention integrates the functions of vertical milling, horizontal milling, special-shaped clamping and structural scanning, and improves the qualified rate of milling products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, drawings of other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is the overall structural diagram of the device; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the first partial structure of the device; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a second partial structure of the device; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of AA; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the third partial structure of the device; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of BB.

[0017] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the processed saddle; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the platform base; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the clamping box in the special-shaped clamping mechanism; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sleeve in the special-shaped clamping mechanism; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first electromagnet device.

[0018] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals: 101, platform base; 102, first concave base pier; 103, first column; 104, vertical shift head; 105, first stepper motor; 106, vertical milling spindle; 107, first spindle motor; 108, vertical milling tool; 109, first slide rail; 201, first slider; 202, first Y-axis screw rod; 203, first Y-axis screw rod nut; 204, second concave base pier; 2 ... first stepper motor; 10 05, second column; 206, horizontal moving head; 207, moving plate; 208, second stepper motor; 209, horizontal milling spindle; 301, second spindle motor; 302, horizontal milling tool; 303, second slide rail; 304, second slide block; 305, second Y-axis screw rod; 306, second Y-axis screw rod nut; 307, processing saddle; 308, third stepper motor; 309, milling work Table; 401, fourth stepping motor; 402, Z-axis lead screw; 403, Z-axis lead screw nut; 404, third slide rail; 405, third slider; 406, fourth slide rail; 407, fourth slider; 408, X-axis lead screw; 409, X-axis lead screw nut; 501, clamping box; 502, sleeve; 503, first electromagnet device; 504, insulating shell; 505, metal block; 506, electric wire; 507, rigid spring; 508, second electromagnet device; 509, special-shaped clamping column; 601, semicircular gantry; 602, rotating shaft; 603, first bevel gear; 604, second bevel gear; 605, first micro servo motor; 606, semicircular slide rail; 607, gantry slider; 608, spur gear; 609, ring track teeth; 701, second micro servo motor; 702, structured light camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the structures related to the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0020] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0022] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thoroughly understood.

[0023] like Figure 1-11 As shown, a first aspect of the present invention provides a milling device for producing precision hardware parts, and the milling device includes a platform base 101.

[0024] A first concave base pier 102 is arranged on the left side of the platform base 101, a first column 103 is arranged on the top of the first concave base pier 102, a first slide module is installed on the front of the first column 103, a vertical shift head 104 is fixed on the first slide module, a first Y-axis screw module is connected to the bottom of the vertical shift head 104, the first Y-axis screw module is arranged in a power groove on the front of the first column 103, one end of the first Y-axis screw module is connected to a first stepper motor 105 through a coupling, and the first stepper motor 105 is fixed to the top of the first column 103.

[0025] A vertical milling spindle 106 is disposed at the front end of the vertical shift head 104 . A first spindle motor 107 is connected to the top of the vertical milling spindle 106 . The first spindle motor 107 is fixed to the vertical shift head 104 . A vertical milling tool 108 is fixed to the bottom end of the vertical milling spindle 106 .

[0026] It should be noted that the first slide module is composed of a first slide rail 109 and a first slider 201, and the first Y-axis screw module includes a first Y-axis screw 202 and a first Y-axis screw nut 203. When it is necessary to mill the horizontal surface of a precision hardware part, the precision hardware part to be milled is fixed on the special-shaped clamping mechanism, and the first spindle motor 107 is controlled to drive the vertical milling tool 108 to rotate at high speed. Then, according to the milling requirements of the horizontal surface, the first stepper motor 105 is controlled to start, and the first stepper motor 105 will drive the first Y-axis screw 202 to rotate. The rotating first Y-axis screw 202 can drive the first Y-axis screw nut 203 to move up and down in the power groove of the first column 103. At this time, the first During the up and down translation of the Y-axis lead screw nut 203, the vertical shift head 104 slides up and down on the front side of the first column 103 through the first slide rail 109 and the first slider 201, so that the vertical milling tool 108 can be gradually controlled to reach the starting milling area of ​​the precision hardware. In this way, the horizontal surface of the precision hardware can be milled by the high-speed rotating vertical milling tool 108, thereby improving the controllability of the longitudinal vertical milling process and achieving accurate and efficient vertical milling effect of precision hardware.

[0027] A second concave base pier 204 is arranged on the right side of the platform base 101, and a second column 205 is arranged above the second concave base pier 204. The middle part of the second column 205 is a hollow longitudinal sliding groove, and a horizontal moving head 206 is limited and penetrates through the longitudinal sliding groove. A moving plate 207 is welded to the bottom of the horizontal moving head 206, and a second slide module is installed above the moving plate 207. The bottom of the second slide module is fixed to the front of the second column 205, and a second Y-axis screw module is connected to the side of the horizontal moving head 206. The second Y-axis screw module is installed in the longitudinal sliding groove of the second column 205 through a bearing seat, and one end of the second Y-axis screw module is connected to the second stepper motor 208 through a coupling, and the second stepper motor 208 is fixed to the top of the second column 205.

[0028] A horizontal milling spindle 209 is installed in the horizontal shift head 206 . The horizontal milling spindle 209 is connected to a second spindle motor 301 . A horizontal milling cutter 302 is fixed at the end of the horizontal milling spindle 209 .

[0029] It should be noted that the second slide module is composed of a second slide rail 303 and a second slider 304, and the second Y-axis screw module includes a second Y-axis screw 305 and a second Y-axis screw nut 306. When precision hardware requires three-dimensional milling processing on a vertical surface, first obtain the area to be milled and removed and the starting point according to the milling processing requirements, control the second spindle motor 301 to start, the second spindle motor 301 can drive the horizontal milling tool 302 to rotate at high speed, and then turn on the second stepper motor 208 to drive the second Y-axis screw 305 to rotate, and the second Y-axis screw 305 can drive the second Y-axis screw nut 306 to move vertically downward in the longitudinal sliding groove of the second column 205, thereby driving the horizontal moving head 206 to drive the moving plate 207 to move vertically downward synchronously until the horizontal moving head 206 is lowered. The movable head 206 and the movable plate 207 lower the horizontal milling tool 302 to the milling area to be removed and the starting point, and finally control the second stepper motor 208 to stop. At this time, the high-speed rotating horizontal milling tool 302 can start to perform transverse milling processing on the precision hardware, thereby achieving flexible horizontal milling effect of precision hardware, improving the error phenomenon of inaccurate control of the milling tool processing point in traditional horizontal milling processing, improving the accuracy and efficiency of horizontal milling, and saving the tedious steps of manual transverse milling point calculation and manual alignment, thereby greatly improving the intelligence of precision hardware milling.

[0030] A Z-axis screw module is provided on the platform base 101, and the Z-axis screw module is connected to the bottom of the processing saddle 307 and fixed on the bearing seat of the platform base 101. The end of the Z-axis screw module is connected to the third stepper motor 308, and a third slide module is installed at the bottom of the processing saddle 307, and the third slide module is fixed on the platform base 101.

[0031] A fourth slide module is arranged on the top of the processing saddle 307, and the fourth slide module is connected to the bottom of the milling workbench 309. An X-axis screw module is installed in the processing saddle 307 through a bearing seat, and the X-axis screw module is connected to the milling workbench 309. One end of the X-axis screw module is connected to a fourth stepper motor 401 through a coupling.

[0032] It should be noted that the Z-axis screw module includes a Z-axis screw 402 and a Z-axis screw nut 403; the third slide module includes a third slide rail 404 and a third slider 405; the fourth slide module includes a fourth slide rail 406 and a fourth slider 407; the X-axis screw module includes an X-axis screw 408 and an X-axis screw nut 409. For vertical milling or horizontal milling, when it is necessary to perform milling processing on precision hardware in the Z-axis direction, the third stepper motor is continuously controlled to drive the Z-axis lead screw 402 to rotate forward and reverse according to the milling area and range, so that the Z-axis lead screw nut 403 moves horizontally on its Z-axis lead screw 402, so that under the setting of the third slide rail 404 and the third slider 405, the processing saddle 307 can be synchronously driven to translate in the Z-axis direction through the horizontal movement of the Z-axis lead screw nut 403, so that the precision hardware on the milling workbench 309 can be milled in the area that needs to be removed in the Z-axis direction during vertical milling or horizontal milling, thereby achieving the Z-axis milling processing effect of vertical milling and horizontal milling for precision hardware. When it is necessary to mill the area of ​​precision hardware in the X-axis direction, the fourth stepper motor 401 is continuously controlled to start according to the milling area and range, and the fourth stepper motor 401 drives the X-axis lead screw 408 to rotate forward and reversely. The forward and reverse X-axis lead screw 408 can drive the X-axis lead screw nut 409 to translate on its rod, and then through the arrangement of the fourth slide rail 406 and the fourth slider 407, the X-axis lead screw nut 409 can drive the milling table 309 to translate in the X-axis direction, so that the vertical milling tool 108 or the horizontal milling tool 302 can continuously mill the area to be removed in the X-axis direction of the precision hardware, and realize the milling processing effect of vertical milling and horizontal milling on the precision hardware in the X-axis direction. The continuous translation control in the X-axis and Z-axis directions of the present invention can make the milling processing of precision hardware more accurate and precise, reduce the milling error of the milling tool for precision hardware, and improve the milling reliability and product qualification rate.

[0033] A special-shaped clamping mechanism is fixed above the milling workbench 309, and the special-shaped clamping mechanism includes a clamping box 501. Two clamping boxes 501 are provided and installed in a symmetrical state. Each clamping box 501 is provided with a plurality of sleeves 502, and a first electromagnet device 503 is fixed at the bottom of each sleeve 502. The first electromagnet device 503 includes an insulating shell 504, and a metal block 505 is provided in the insulating shell 504. An electric wire 506 is wound around the metal block 505. One end of a rigid spring 507 is sleeved on the periphery of the first electromagnet device 503, and the other end of the rigid spring 507 is sleeved and connected to the outside of the second electromagnet device 508.

[0034] The structure and function of the second electromagnet device 508 are exactly the same as those of the first electromagnet device 503 and form an electromagnet array in the clamping box 501. The second electromagnet device 508 is also placed in the sleeve 502 and fixed at the bottom of the corresponding special-shaped clamping column 509. The number of the special-shaped clamping columns 509 is equal to the number of the sleeve 502. Each of the special-shaped clamping columns 509 passes through the sleeve 502 and the top end can extend to the outside of the sleeve 502, so that all the extended special-shaped clamping columns 509 are placed in the middle position of the two clamping boxes 501 and can clamp precision hardware. The first electromagnet device 503 and the second electromagnet device 508 are both connected to the power control system.

[0035] It should be noted that the initial state of the special-shaped clamping mechanism is that the first electromagnet device 503 and the second electromagnet device 508 are not energized, so that the rigid spring 507 applies spring force to the several special-shaped clamping columns 509, so that they extend out of the clamping box 501 to the maximum extent and maintain the maximum compression rigidity. When it is necessary to clamp and mill the special-shaped precision hardware, the special-shaped precision hardware is placed directly above the extended several special-shaped clamping columns 509. At this time, the system will calculate and analyze the shape of the precision hardware, obtain the analysis results, and control the first electromagnet device 503 and the second electromagnet device 508 corresponding to the special-shaped clamping column that needs to be retracted according to the analysis results. The electric wires are quantitatively energized. It should be noted that the first electromagnet device 503 and the second electromagnet device 508 are passed with currents in opposite directions here, so that after the electric wire 506 is energized and an electromagnetic effect is generated between the first electromagnet device 503 and the second electromagnet device 508 with the metal block 505, a magnetic force of mutual attraction is generated. Under the action of the magnetic force, the first electromagnet device 503 and the second electromagnet device 508 are attracted to each other, thereby driving the special-shaped clamping column 509 to retract in the sleeve 502; in this process, the rigid spring 507 is gradually compressed, so the rigid spring 507 is gradually compressed. The rigid spring 507 applies a rigid return spring force to the second electromagnet device 508; the required special-shaped clamping column 509 will eventually form the shape of the outer contour of the special-shaped precision hardware after retraction, thereby embedding the special-shaped precision hardware therein, and after the embedding is completed, the first electromagnet device 503 and the second electromagnet device 508 are powered on, and the magnetic force of mutual attraction is canceled at this time, and the special-shaped clamping column 509 is pushed under the maximum rigidity return spring force of the rigid spring 507, so that the special-shaped clamping columns 509 on both sides apply a synchronous lateral pushing clamping force to the special-shaped precision hardware accordingly, thereby realizing the specific shape clamping effect of the special-shaped precision hardware, greatly improving the milling processing adaptability of precision hardware of different shapes, ensuring the milling stability and reliability of special-shaped precision hardware, and compared with the existing special-shaped clamps, it can replace the manual clamping steps, saving time and effort, and realizing the automation and intelligence of the clamping of special-shaped precision hardware.

[0036] The milling table 309 is provided with a structure scanning mechanism, which includes a semicircular gantry 601, which is connected and fixed to the side of the milling table 309 through a rotating shaft 602, and a first bevel gear 603 is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 602, and the first bevel gear 603 is meshed with a second bevel gear 604, and the second bevel gear 604 is installed on a first micro servo motor 605. Semicircular slide rails are fixed on both the front and rear sides of the semicircular gantry 601. 606, two semicircular slide rails 606 are connected with a gantry slider 607, a spur gear 608 is arranged in the middle of the gantry slider 607, the spur gear 608 is meshed with the ring rail teeth 609, and the spur gear 608 is connected to the second micro servo motor 701, the second micro servo motor 701 is fixed to the side of the gantry slider 607, the ring rail teeth 609 are arranged on the side of the semicircular gantry frame 601, and a structured light camera 702 is arranged at the bottom of the gantry slider 601.

[0037] It should be noted that before milling precision hardware or clamping special-shaped precision hardware, it is necessary to obtain the external contour information of the precision hardware. At this time, the structured light camera 702 can be used to perform a full-scale structured light shooting scan of the precision hardware. The first micro-servo motor 605 is controlled to drive the second bevel gear 604 to rotate, and the second bevel gear 604 thereby drives the first bevel gear 603 to rotate. The rotation of the first bevel gear 603 causes the rotating shaft 602 to rotate synchronously, so that the semicircular gantry 601 can be driven by the rotating shaft 602 to perform reciprocating folding motion on the milling workbench 309. During the reciprocating folding process, the second micro-servo motor 701 is started to drive the spur gear 608 to continuously rotate forward and reverse. Since the spur gear 608 is meshed with the ring rail teeth 609, the rotation of the spur gear 608 will rotate along the semicircular gantry. 601 performs reciprocating directional annular motion, thereby synchronously driving the gantry slider 607 to perform reciprocating directional annular motion along the semicircular gantry 601 under the setting of the semicircular slide rail 606, so that the structured light camera 702 can perform all-round shooting and scanning in different directions on the precision hardware on the special-shaped clamping mechanism below, so as to obtain the external contour information of the precision hardware, provide a reliable analysis basis for the subsequent milling of precision hardware, improve the milling accuracy of precision hardware, reduce milling errors, and reduce the scrap rate that is difficult to meet the expected requirements after milling, with high economic benefits.

[0038] To sum up, the present invention has both vertical milling and horizontal milling functions, can meet the production and processing needs of different precision hardware in the actual production process, optimize the multi-dimensional milling quality of precision hardware, and improve the singleness of the selection of milling modes for precision hardware. At the same time, it is equipped with special-shaped hardware fixtures and structural camera mechanisms with a high degree of intelligent automation, which greatly saves the tedious steps of traditional manual clamping and analysis, improves the milling efficiency and quality of precision hardware, and achieves more considerable precision hardware production benefits.

[0039] A second aspect of the present invention provides a control method for a milling machine used in the production of precision hardware, which is applied to any of the milling machines used in the production of precision hardware, and specifically comprises the following steps: Obtain the phase-shifted fringe pattern of the target precision hardware and the preset scanning parameters of the structured light scanner, and simultaneously obtain the designated clamping area of ​​the special-shaped hardware; Constructing a structural projection calibration space according to the designated clamping area, projecting the phase-shifted fringe pattern of the target precision hardware into the structural projection calibration space based on preset scanning parameters, and generating a plurality of fringe interference patterns of the surface structured light of the target precision hardware in the designated clamping area; Acquire a phase shift control map based on a big data network, identify multiple fringe interference patterns in the phase shift control map, output a preset phase shift control rule where the surface structured light of the target precision hardware is in a specified clamping area, and set N offset positions according to the preset phase shift control rule; The phase of the interference light in the multiple fringe interference patterns is shifted by using a preset phase shift control rule to obtain the image grayscale value at each offset position, and the phase distribution pattern of the structured light on the surface of the target precision hardware in the specified clamping area is obtained by performing an orthogonal phase shift operation on each of the image grayscale values; Dividing a designated clamping area into a plurality of sub-clamping areas based on a phase distribution pattern, extracting a phase difference value corresponding to each sub-clamping area in the phase distribution pattern, and controlling the magnetic flux of the electromagnet array according to the phase difference value; Obtain the accurate domain model of the target precision hardware and the current blank structure, build the posture control domain of the milling equipment, and perform program interception of non-overlapping model interference in the posture control domain based on the current blank structure and the accurate domain model to control the milling equipment to mill the target precision hardware and generate the milling processing strategy.

[0040] It should be noted that the preset scanning parameters of the structured light scanner include the focal length, principal point position, relative position and posture of the structured light scanner. Since the clamping of different types of special-shaped precision hardware by the special-shaped clamping mechanism is usually controlled according to the special-shaped contour of the outside, that is, the extension and retraction length of the special-shaped clamping column in the clamping box is controlled according to the size, curvature and area of ​​the external contour of the special-shaped precision hardware. However, the control of the existing special-shaped clamps still requires manual analysis of the image information obtained by the structured light camera and manual operation of the special-shaped clamps based on the analysis results, which in turn reduces the efficiency of the milling processing of precision hardware, and often requires a large number of people to cooperate in execution, increasing the output of labor costs. Therefore, this method projects the phase-shifted fringe pattern of structured light on the surface of precision hardware acquired by the structured light camera into the structural projection calibration space of the designated clamping area in the special-shaped clamping mechanism. After the projection, due to the special-shaped characteristics of the contour of the precision hardware, the phase-shifted fringe pattern of the structured light on its surface produces fringe interference in the structural projection calibration space. By calculating the degree of interference of these fringes, the basic clamping contour of the special-shaped precision hardware in the special-shaped clamping mechanism can be further determined, that is, the specific extension or retraction length of the special-shaped clamping column in the clamping box that needs to be controlled, so that the clamping of the special-shaped precision hardware by this device is more intelligent and automated, replacing the tedious steps of traditional manual clamping of special-shaped precision hardware, saving time and effort, and improving the milling stability and accuracy of special-shaped precision hardware. Among them, for the calculation of the degree of interference of fringes, this method uses phase shift to control the offset interference light to first identify the image grayscale of the surface structured light of special-shaped precision hardware in the interference pattern in the structure projection calibration space, and then the orthogonal phase shift of the image grayscale can be used to describe the interference phase difference of the fringes, and this phase difference is the degree of interference of the fringes; this method can make the structured light analysis operation of special-shaped hardware more accurate, and effectively improve the clamping control reliability of the anisotropic clamping mechanism.

[0041] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the current blank structure and accurate domain model of the blank to be milled are obtained, the posture control domain of the milling equipment is constructed, and the program interception of non-overlapping model interference in the posture control domain is performed based on the current blank structure and the accurate domain model to control the milling equipment to mill the target precision hardware and generate the milling processing strategy, including the following steps: Obtain the design drawings of the target precision hardware, control the structure scanning mechanism to scan the blank to be milled for milling the target precision hardware, and obtain the current blank structure of the blank to be milled; Obtaining the maximum specified processing space area of ​​the milling equipment and obtaining the preset milling point layout of the milling equipment for milling the current blank structure in the maximum specified processing space area through the design draft, and constructing the posture control field of the maximum specified processing space area; Based on the preset milling point layout, the posture control domain is divided into a number of sub-control domain blocks, and an accurate domain model of the target precision hardware is established according to the design drawings, and the overlapping part between the current blank structure model and the accurate domain model is eliminated to obtain the non-overlapping model part; Obtaining interference area values ​​of non-overlapping model parts in each sub-control area block and a predetermined milling program set in each sub-control area block, and presetting a program interception range threshold of each sub-control area block according to the interference area value; Taking the boundary of the sub-control area block as the interception starting point, for each sub-control area block, executing the interception operation of the predetermined milling program set on the sub-control area block from the interception starting point, and obtaining the current interception range value in real time; If the current interception range value of the sub-control area block does not reach the corresponding program interception range threshold, the interception planning operation continues; if the current interception range value of the sub-control area block has reached the corresponding program interception range threshold, the interception planning operation is stopped, and the established milling program after the sub-control area block is intercepted is output, which is defined as the target established milling program; The target predetermined milling program of each sub-control area block is obtained, and the milling process of the target precision hardware part by the milling equipment is controlled based on the target predetermined milling program of each sub-control area block to generate a milling process strategy.

[0042] It should be noted that milling is to remove the unnecessary areas or excess parts of the original blank to finally form the desired shape for use. However, existing milling equipment usually has the phenomenon of inaccurate milling and over-milling, which makes the final milled product deviate from the expected milling target product to a large extent. The occurrence of these phenomena is often related to the inaccurate control of the milling equipment, which greatly affects the production and processing quality of precision hardware. In this regard, this method constructs the posture control field of the maximum specified processing space area of ​​the milling equipment. The posture control field reflects the milling posture control area when vertical milling or horizontal milling is used to process precision hardware. By analyzing the milling processing requirements in this field, the specific milling posture required by the milling equipment for the target precision hardware can be known, thereby ensuring the acquisition accuracy of the subsequent milling program. Since milling is to remove unnecessary parts, the current blank structure of the blank to be milled can be calculated in the posture control field to mill the redundant part of the target precision hardware standard model, that is, the non-overlapping model part; and each position where the milling equipment runs to the posture control field has corresponding program control, so this method intercepts the program instructions corresponding to each sub-control field block in the planning posture control field based on the non-overlapping model part, and the program finally intercepted is the specific control program instruction for milling the non-overlapping model part, so that the milling equipment can be accurately controlled to perform milling on the current blank structure to be milled in the maximum specified processing space area. Through this method, the control accuracy of milling equipment for processing precision hardware can be greatly improved, the milling inaccuracy and over-milling existing in the production of traditional milling equipment can be eliminated, the milling error rate can be reduced, and the production quality of precision hardware can be guaranteed to meet the expected effect.

[0043] In addition, the control method of the milling equipment for the production of precision hardware also includes the following steps: Acquire the milling area image data of the precision hardware sample after being processed by the milling equipment, extract the features contained in the milling area image data, and obtain the actual milling features; Obtain the model specifications of the milling tool and the preset processing strategy of the milling equipment, retrieve the accurate drilling features of the target precision hardware when the milling equipment is milling based on the preset processing strategy and model specifications in the big data, and calculate the similarity between the accurate drilling features and the actual milling features. If the similarity is less than the preset similarity, mark the precision hardware sample as an abnormal sample; Obtaining a production log of a milling device, extracting historical milling posture execution parameters when the milling device produces and processes abnormal samples through the production log, introducing a factor association method to calculate the factor association degree between each of the historical milling posture execution parameters and the similarity, and obtaining a plurality of factor association degrees; Only the historical milling posture execution parameters corresponding to the factor correlation degree greater than the preset factor correlation degree are extracted, which are defined as abnormal milling posture execution parameters. At the same time, the real-time control parameter set of the milling equipment for milling new precision hardware samples within a given time period is obtained. If there is at least one or more abnormal milling posture execution parameters in the real-time control parameter set, the milling posture execution parameters of the current milling equipment are adjusted and corrected in real time to eliminate the posture deviation phenomenon when the milling equipment processes precision hardware.

[0044] It should be noted that, in the process of milling precision hardware, due to its long-term operation or failure to be maintained on time, the various mechanisms of the milling equipment have deviations in milling posture, which is a fatal defect for the high-precision milling processing requirements of precision hardware. It will cause the various mechanisms in the milling equipment to fail to perform accurate milling posture according to the predetermined milling route or milling area, causing the final precision hardware produced to deviate from the expected target. Therefore, this method traces the milling posture control parameters that are likely to cause milling anomalies in the milling equipment through the characteristic similarity deviations of the milling equipment in the historical production process. If there are at least one or more abnormal parameters in the milling posture control of the current milling equipment, then the posture control of the milling equipment needs to be adjusted at this time, thereby improving the production and processing stability and reliability of the milling equipment, ensuring the overall milling quality of precision hardware, and eliminating production anomalies in the milling process of precision hardware.

[0045] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention, and its description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A milling device for the production of precision hardware, the milling device comprising a platform base, characterized in that: A first concave base pier is arranged on the left side of the platform base, a first column is arranged on the top of the first concave base pier, a first slide module is installed on the front of the first column, a vertical shift head is fixed on the first slide module, a first Y-axis screw module is connected to the bottom of the vertical shift head, the first Y-axis screw module is arranged in a power groove on the front of the first column, one end of the first Y-axis screw module is connected to a first stepper motor through a coupling, and the first stepper motor is fixed to the top of the first column; A second concave base pier is arranged on the right side of the platform base, a second column is arranged above the second concave base pier, the middle part of the second column is a hollow longitudinal sliding groove, a horizontal moving head is limitedly passed through the longitudinal sliding groove, a moving plate is welded at the bottom of the horizontal moving head, a second slide module is installed above the moving plate, the bottom of the second slide module is fixed to the front side of the second column, a second Y-axis screw module is connected to the side of the horizontal moving head, the second Y-axis screw module is installed in the longitudinal sliding groove of the second column through a bearing seat, one end of the second Y-axis screw module is connected to the second stepper motor through a coupling, and the second stepper motor is fixed to the top of the second column.

2. The milling equipment for precision hardware production according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical milling spindle is arranged at the front end of the vertical shift head, a first spindle motor is connected to the top end of the vertical milling spindle, and the first spindle motor is fixed on the vertical shift head, and a vertical milling tool is fixed at the bottom end of the vertical milling spindle.

3. The milling equipment for precision hardware production according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal milling spindle is installed in the horizontal shift head, the horizontal milling spindle is connected to a second spindle motor, and a horizontal milling cutter is fixed at the end of the horizontal milling spindle.

4. The milling equipment for precision hardware production according to claim 1, characterized in that: A Z-direction screw module is arranged on the platform base, the Z-direction screw module is connected to the bottom of the processing saddle and is fixed on the bearing seat of the platform base, the end of the Z-direction screw module is connected to a third stepping motor, the bottom of the processing saddle is installed with a third slide module, and the third slide module is fixed on the platform base.

5. The milling equipment for precision hardware production according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A fourth slide module is arranged on the top of the processing saddle, and the fourth slide module is connected to the bottom of the milling workbench. An X-axis screw module is installed in the processing saddle through a bearing seat, and the X-axis screw module is connected to the milling workbench. One end of the X-axis screw module is connected to a fourth stepping motor through a coupling.

6. The milling equipment for precision hardware production according to claim 5, characterized in that: A special-shaped clamping mechanism is fixed above the milling workbench, and the special-shaped clamping mechanism includes a clamping box. Two clamping boxes are provided and installed in a symmetrical state. Each clamping box is provided with a plurality of sleeves, and a first electromagnet device is fixed at the bottom of each sleeve. The first electromagnet device includes an insulating shell, and a metal block is provided in the insulating shell. An electric wire is wound around the metal block. One end of a rigid spring is sleeved on the periphery of the first electromagnet device, and the other end of the rigid spring is sleeved and connected to the outside of the second electromagnet device.

7. The milling equipment for precision hardware production according to claim 6, characterized in that: The structure and function of the second electromagnet device are exactly the same as those of the first electromagnet device and form an electromagnet array in the clamping box. The second electromagnet device is also placed in the sleeve and fixed at the bottom of the corresponding special-shaped clamping column. The number of the special-shaped clamping columns is equal to the number of sleeves. Each of the special-shaped clamping columns passes through the sleeve and the top end can extend to the outside of the sleeve, so that all the extended special-shaped clamping columns are placed in the middle position of the two clamping boxes and can clamp precision hardware. The first electromagnet device and the second electromagnet device are both connected to the power control system.

8. The milling equipment for precision hardware production according to claim 6, characterized in that: The milling workbench is provided with a structural scanning mechanism, which includes a semicircular gantry, which is connected and fixed to the side of the milling workbench through a rotating shaft, a first bevel gear is provided at one end of the rotating shaft, the first bevel gear meshes with a second bevel gear, and the second bevel gear is installed on a first micro servo motor, semicircular slide rails are fixed on both the front and rear sides of the semicircular gantry, and the two semicircular slide rails are connected to gantry sliders, a spur gear is provided in the middle of the gantry slider, the spur gear is meshed with the ring rail teeth, and the spur gear is connected to the second micro servo motor, the second micro servo motor is fixed to the side of the gantry slider, the ring rail teeth are provided on the side of the semicircular gantry, and a structured light camera is provided at the bottom of the gantry slider.

9. A control method for a milling machine used in the production of precision hardware, applied to a milling machine used in the production of precision hardware as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Obtain the phase-shifted fringe pattern of the target precision hardware and the preset scanning parameters of the structured light scanner, and simultaneously obtain the designated clamping area of ​​the special-shaped hardware; Constructing a structural projection calibration space according to the designated clamping area, projecting the phase-shifted fringe pattern of the target precision hardware into the structural projection calibration space based on preset scanning parameters, and generating a plurality of fringe interference patterns of the surface structured light of the target precision hardware in the designated clamping area; Acquire a phase shift control map based on a big data network, identify multiple fringe interference patterns in the phase shift control map, output a preset phase shift control rule where the surface structured light of the target precision hardware is in a specified clamping area, and set N offset positions according to the preset phase shift control rule; The phase of the interference light in the multiple fringe interference patterns is shifted by using a preset phase shift control rule to obtain the image grayscale value at each offset position, and the phase distribution pattern of the structured light on the surface of the target precision hardware in the specified clamping area is obtained by performing an orthogonal phase shift operation on each of the image grayscale values; Dividing a designated clamping area into a plurality of sub-clamping areas based on a phase distribution pattern, extracting a phase difference value corresponding to each sub-clamping area in the phase distribution pattern, and controlling the magnetic flux of the electromagnet array according to the phase difference value; Obtain the accurate domain model of the target precision hardware and the current blank structure, build the posture control domain of the milling equipment, and perform program interception of non-overlapping model interference in the posture control domain based on the current blank structure and the accurate domain model to control the milling equipment to mill the target precision hardware and generate the milling processing strategy.

10. A control method for milling equipment used in the production of precision hardware according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the current blank structure and the accurate domain model of the blank to be milled, constructing the posture control domain of the milling equipment, and performing program interception of non-overlapping model interference in the posture control domain based on the current blank structure and the accurate domain model to control the milling equipment to mill the target precision hardware and generate the milling processing strategy includes the following steps: Obtain the design drawings of the target precision hardware, control the structure scanning mechanism to scan the blank to be milled for milling the target precision hardware, and obtain the current blank structure of the blank to be milled; Obtaining the maximum specified processing space area of ​​the milling equipment and obtaining the preset milling point layout of the milling equipment for milling the current blank structure in the maximum specified processing space area through the design draft, and constructing the posture control field of the maximum specified processing space area; Based on the preset milling point layout, the posture control domain is divided into a number of sub-control domain blocks, and an accurate domain model of the target precision hardware is established according to the design drawings, and the overlapping part between the current blank structure model and the accurate domain model is eliminated to obtain the non-overlapping model part; Obtaining interference area values ​​of non-overlapping model parts in each sub-control area block and a predetermined milling program set in each sub-control area block, and presetting a program interception range threshold of each sub-control area block according to the interference area value; Taking the boundary of the sub-control area block as the interception starting point, for each sub-control area block, executing the interception operation of the predetermined milling program set on the sub-control area block from the interception starting point, and obtaining the current interception range value in real time; If the current interception range value of the sub-control area block does not reach the corresponding program interception range threshold, the interception planning operation continues; if the current interception range value of the sub-control area block has reached the corresponding program interception range threshold, the interception planning operation is stopped, and the established milling program after the sub-control area block is intercepted is output, which is defined as the target established milling program; The target predetermined milling program of each sub-control area block is obtained, and the milling process of the target precision hardware part by the milling equipment is controlled based on the target predetermined milling program of each sub-control area block to generate a milling process strategy.

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