Bridge abnormality detection method and device combining displacement sensor and pressure sensor

Abstract

The application relates to a bridge abnormality detection method and device combining displacement sensors and pressure sensors, and comprises the following steps: taking two adjacent piers and a bridge deck section between the two piers as a detection unit; presetting a detection period, carrying out equal-interval sampling on any detection unit in the detection period to obtain a plurality of sampling data, wherein the sampling data comprises two groups of sensor data between the two pairs of piers and the bridge deck, each group of sensor data comprises displacement sensor data and pressure sensor data; combining the sampling data to detect the bridge for abnormality and judging whether a fracture abnormality exists; and when the fracture abnormality exists, alarming. The bridge abnormality detection method and device provided by the application have high data real-time performance, accurate detection effect, and can periodically obtain fracture abnormality monitoring conditions, thereby assisting administrators to timely process the bridge deck with the fracture abnormality.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bridge anomaly detection, and particularly relates to a bridge anomaly detection method and device combining displacement sensors and pressure sensors. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important infrastructure for transportation, bridges play a key role in ensuring the safe transportation of personnel and goods. However, due to various factors such as design defects, construction quality problems, material aging, natural disasters, and overloading, bridges may suffer structural damage or even collapse. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of bridges, it is necessary to detect bridge collapse in a timely manner.

[0003] Current bridge anomaly detection methods include sensor technology, non-destructive testing technology (using ultrasonic waves, radar, magnetic powder, and penetration methods for detection), load testing technology, numerical simulation technology, and risk assessment technology. Sensor technology can monitor in real time through pre-set sensors, but current sensor technology only uses simple threshold determination for detection, which is often lagging and requires particularly severe conditions to detect and provide early warnings. Other technologies generally require pre-experimental analysis and are not highly real-time. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to at least solve one of the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a bridge anomaly detection method and device combining displacement sensors and pressure sensors.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] Specifically, a bridge anomaly detection method combining displacement sensors and pressure sensors is proposed, which includes the following:

[0007] The adjacent two piers and the bridge deck therebetween are taken as a detection unit, and a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged between the two pairs of piers and the bridge deck of each detection unit;

[0008] A preset detection period is set, and any detection unit is sampled at equal intervals during the detection period to obtain a plurality of sampling data, which includes two groups of sensor data between the two pairs of piers and the bridge deck, and each group of sensor data includes displacement sensor data and pressure sensor data;

[0009] The bridge is detected for anomalies in combination with the sampling data, and it is determined whether there is a fracture anomaly;

[0010] When there is a fracture anomaly, relevant management personnel are alerted and a preset display device is controlled to display preset content to alert nearby vehicles.

[0011] Further, specifically, the displacement sensor is constructed by an infrared sensor, wherein an infrared emitter is arranged at the lower end of the bridge deck, and a reflecting surface is arranged at the upper end of the pier; the pressure sensor is constructed based on a Hall proximity sensor, wherein a Hall sensor is arranged at the lower end of the bridge deck, and a magnetic pole is arranged at the upper end of the pier.

[0012] Further, specifically, the bridge is subjected to abnormality detection in combination with the sampling data to determine whether there is a fracture abnormality, including,

[0013] For any detection unit, it is assumed that the preset detection period is T, and the number of sampling data is N;

[0014] First, the number of times Q that the displacement sensor is triggered in the sampling data within T is obtained, and the displacement sensor trigger means that the reflecting surface does not receive the signal of the infrared emitter;

[0015] It is determined whether the number of triggers Q is greater than the number threshold, and if so, it is determined that there is a displacement abnormality;

[0016] Then, N first pressure sensor data of the detection unit at this position within T is obtained, and N second pressure sensor data of another detection unit on the same bridge deck within T is obtained, and the fusion data of the N first pressure sensor data and the N second pressure sensor data is calculated according to the average value at the corresponding time, i.e. N fusion pressure sensor data is obtained;

[0017] A plane coordinate system is constructed with the sampling time as the abscissa, the fusion pressure sensor data as the ordinate, and (0, 0) as the coordinate origin. At this time, there are N discrete points in the plane coordinate system whose abscissas are located in the range (T0, T0+T), and T0 is the starting time of the period T;

[0018] The N discrete points are subjected to curve fitting to obtain a first curve;

[0019] The first curve is translated to the next period, i.e. the abscissas are located in the range (T0+T, T0+2T) to obtain a second curve, and the N fusion pressure sensor data of the next period is subjected to abnormality prediction based on the second curve;

[0020] The abnormality prediction method is,

[0021] The minimum distance between the N fusion pressure sensor data formed in the range (T0+T, T0+2T) and the second curve is calculated to obtain N corresponding minimum distances, and the number Y of discrete points whose corresponding minimum distances exceed a first threshold is counted,

[0022] If the number Y is greater than a second threshold, it is determined that there is a pressure abnormality.

[0023] If at least one of the displacement anomaly and the pressure anomaly exists, it is judged that the fracture anomaly exists at this time.

[0024] Further, the method further comprises,

[0025] When it is detected that the displacement anomaly exists, the first threshold value and the second threshold value are corrected by a preset coefficient, that is, the first threshold value is updated to the original set first threshold value multiplied by alpha, and the second threshold value is updated to the original set second threshold value multiplied by alpha, wherein the value range of alpha is (0, 1).

[0026] Further, specifically, the curve fitting algorithm is a curve fitting algorithm based on the least square method.

[0027] Further, specifically, the relevant management personnel are warned and reminded by a preset SIM in the form of a short message.

[0028] The application also proposes a bridge anomaly detection device combining a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor, comprising the following:

[0029] Multiple detection units, taking two adjacent piers and the bridge deck therebetween as a detection unit, a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged between the two pairs of piers and the bridge deck of each detection unit;

[0030] A control unit, which is built-in with a 4G / 5G communication unit, is used to receive the reported data of each detection unit;

[0031] A background platform is used to receive the reported data uploaded from the control unit, detect the anomaly of the bridge, and judge whether the fracture anomaly exists;

[0032] When the fracture anomaly exists, the relevant management personnel are warned and reminded, and a preset display device is controlled to display preset content to alert nearby vehicles.

[0033] Further, the device further comprises,

[0034] A UAV system is used to send a UAV to verify the fracture anomaly after the relevant management personnel receive the warning information.

[0035] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The application proposes a bridge abnormality detection method and device combined with displacement sensors and pressure sensors, by segmenting the bridge deck with piers, dividing it into multiple detection units, and setting a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor between the two pairs of piers and the bridge deck of each detection unit, the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor data obtained by sampling within a period T are combined to determine whether there is a fracture abnormality, and then an alarm is given. The bridge abnormality detection method and device proposed by the application have high real-time data, accurate detection effect, and can periodically obtain fracture abnormality monitoring conditions to assist administrators to timely process the bridge deck with fracture abnormality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] The above and other features of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals denote like elements or components, and in which:

[0038] Figure 1 The flow chart of the bridge abnormality detection method combined with displacement sensors and pressure sensors of the application is shown;

[0039] Figure 2 The installation position schematic diagram of the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor in the bridge abnormality detection method combined with displacement sensors and pressure sensors of the application is shown;

[0040] Figure 3 The principle diagram of the bridge abnormality detection device combined with displacement sensors and pressure sensors of the application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the embodiments and the drawings to fully understand the purpose, scheme and effects of the application. It should be noted that the embodiments and the features in the embodiments in the application can be combined with each other without conflict. The same reference numerals in the drawings indicate the same or similar parts.

[0042] Embodiment 1, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The application proposes a bridge abnormality detection method combined with displacement sensors and pressure sensors, which includes the following:

[0043] Step 110, taking the two adjacent piers and the bridge deck between them as a detection unit, setting a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor between the two pairs of piers and the bridge deck of each detection unit;

[0044] Step 120, preset a detection period, and sample any detection unit at equal intervals in the detection period to obtain a plurality of sampling data, the sampling data including two pairs of bridge pier and bridge deck between the two groups of sensor data, and each group of sensor data including displacement sensor data and pressure sensor data;

[0045] Step 130, combining the sampling data to detect the abnormality of the bridge, and determining whether there is a fracture abnormality;

[0046] Step 140, when there is a fracture abnormality, the relevant management personnel are warned, and the preset display device is controlled to display the preset content to alert the nearby vehicles.

[0047] In this embodiment 1, by dividing the bridge deck into multiple detection units with the bridge piers as the segments, and setting a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor between the two pairs of bridge piers and the bridge deck of each detection unit, the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor data obtained by sampling within the period T are combined to determine whether there is a fracture abnormality, and then an alarm is given. The bridge abnormality detection method and device proposed in the present application have high real-time data, accurate detection effect, and can periodically obtain fracture abnormality monitoring conditions to assist administrators to timely handle the bridge deck with fracture abnormality.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, specifically, the displacement sensor is constructed by an infrared sensor, wherein the infrared emitter is arranged at the lower end of the bridge deck, and the reflecting surface is arranged at the upper end of the bridge pier; the pressure sensor is constructed based on a Hall proximity sensor, wherein the Hall sensor is arranged at the lower end of the bridge deck, and the magnetic pole is arranged at the upper end of the bridge pier.

[0049] In this preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned sensor arrangement can meet the needs of the proposed scheme of the present application.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, specifically, combining the sampling data to detect the abnormality of the bridge, and determining whether there is a fracture abnormality, includes,

[0051] For any detection unit, assume that the preset detection period is T, and the number of sampling data is N;

[0052] First, the number of times Q that the displacement sensor is triggered in the sampling data within T is obtained, and the displacement sensor trigger means that the reflecting surface does not receive the signal of the infrared emitter;

[0053] Determine whether the number of times Q is greater than the number threshold, if yes, it is determined that the displacement is abnormal;

[0054] Then, N first pressure sensor data of the detection unit at the position are acquired, and N second pressure sensor data of another detection unit at the same bridge deck as the detection unit at the position are acquired within T, and the fusion data of the N first pressure sensor data and the N second pressure sensor data are calculated according to the average value at the corresponding time, that is, N fusion pressure sensor data are obtained;

[0055] A plane coordinate system is constructed with the sampling time as the horizontal coordinate, the fusion pressure sensor data as the vertical coordinate, and (0, 0) as the coordinate origin, and at this time, there are N discrete points in the plane coordinate system, the horizontal coordinates of which are located in the range of (T0, T0+T), and T0 is the starting time of the period T;

[0056] A first curve is obtained by curve fitting on the N discrete points;

[0057] The first curve is translated to the next period, that is, the horizontal coordinates are located in the range of (T0+T, T0+2T) to obtain a second curve, and the N fusion pressure sensor data in the next period are predicted abnormally by the second curve;

[0058] The abnormal prediction mode is,

[0059] N corresponding minimum distances are obtained by calculating the minimum distance between the discrete points formed by the N fusion pressure sensor data in the range of (T0+T, T0+2T) and the second curve, and the number Y of discrete points whose corresponding minimum distances exceed the first threshold value is counted,

[0060] If the number Y is greater than the second threshold value, it is judged that there is a pressure abnormality;

[0061] If there is at least one of the displacement abnormality and the pressure abnormality, it is judged that there is a fracture abnormality at this time.

[0062] In the preferred embodiment, considering that when the bridge deck is fractured, the infrared sensor cannot receive the signal from the transmitting end due to the change in the relative position between the bridge deck and the pier, but considering that there may be interference, a number threshold is set for determination. For the pressure sensor reading, considering that the pressure sensor reading should tend to be stable in adjacent periods, the above-mentioned abnormality judgment method is used.

[0063] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises,

[0064] When a displacement abnormality is detected, the first threshold value and the second threshold value are corrected by a preset coefficient, that is, the first threshold value is updated to be α times the original set first threshold value, and the second threshold value is updated to be α times the original set second threshold value, where the value range of α is (0, 1).

[0065] In the preferred embodiment, considering that when there is displacement anomaly, pressure anomaly is likely to occur, the detection condition of pressure anomaly is sensitized, that is, the correlation threshold is reduced by the coefficient alpha, so as to improve the detection accuracy.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, specifically, the curve fitting algorithm is a curve fitting algorithm based on least square method.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, specifically, the relevant management personnel are reminded by the preset SIM in the form of short message.

[0068] Reference Figure 3 The present application also proposes a bridge anomaly detection device combining displacement sensor and pressure sensor, comprising the following:

[0069] Multiple detection units, taking two adjacent piers and the bridge deck between them as a detection unit, a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged between the two pairs of piers and the bridge deck of each detection unit;

[0070] A control unit with a 4G / 5G communication unit is used to receive the report data of each detection unit;

[0071] A background platform is used to receive the report data uploaded from the control unit, detect the bridge anomaly, and determine whether there is a fracture anomaly;

[0072] When there is a fracture anomaly, the relevant management personnel are reminded, and the preset display device is controlled to display the preset content to alert nearby vehicles.

[0073] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the device further comprises,

[0074] A drone system is used to send a drone to investigate the fracture anomaly after the relevant management personnel receive the alarm information.

[0075] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing module, or each module can exist physically, or two or more modules can be integrated in one module. The integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional module.

[0076] The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can also be completed by a computer program instructing related hardware, and the computer program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments can be implemented. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files or some intermediate forms. The computer readable medium can include any entity or system capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc.

[0077] Although the description of the present application has been quite detailed and particularly described with respect to several described embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to any of these details or embodiments or any particular embodiment, but should be considered to be a broad interpretation of the claims in view of the prior art, so as to effectively encompass the intended scope of the present application. In addition, the present application is described above in embodiments that the inventors can foresee, and the purpose is to provide a useful description, and those non-essential modifications to the present application that have not yet been foreseen can still represent equivalent modifications of the present application.

[0078] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, as long as the same means achieve the technical effect of the present application, it should belong to the protection scope of the present application. The technical solutions and / or embodiments within the protection scope of the present application can have various modifications and changes.

Claims

1. A bridge anomaly detection method using a combined displacement sensor and a pressure sensor, characterized in that: These include: Two adjacent bridge piers and the bridge deck section between them are taken as a detection unit. A displacement sensor and a pressure sensor are installed between the two pairs of bridge piers and the bridge deck in each detection unit. Preset a detection cycle, and perform sampling at equal intervals on any detection unit during the detection cycle to obtain a plurality of sampling data, wherein the sampling data includes two sets of sensor data between two pairs of bridge piers and the bridge deck, and each set of sensor data includes displacement sensor data and pressure sensor data; Combine sampling data to detect abnormalities on the bridge and determine whether there are abnormal fractures; When there is an abnormal fracture, an alarm will be given to the relevant management personnel, and the preset display device will be controlled to display the preset content to warn nearby vehicles; Specifically, the displacement sensor is constructed by an infrared sensor, wherein the infrared emitter is arranged at the lower end of the bridge deck, and the reflective surface is correspondingly arranged at the upper end of the bridge pier; the pressure sensor is constructed based on a Hall proximity sensor, wherein the Hall sensor is arranged at the lower end of the bridge deck, and the magnetic pole is correspondingly arranged at the upper end of the bridge pier; Specifically, the bridge is detected for abnormality based on the sampling data to determine whether there is any abnormal fracture, including: For any detection unit, assuming the preset detection period is T and the number of sampled data is N; First, the displacement sensor triggering times Q in the sampling data within T are obtained. The displacement sensor triggering times Q refer to the reflective surface not receiving the infrared transmitter signal. Determine whether the triggering number Q is greater than the number threshold, and if so, determine that the displacement is abnormal; Next, N first pressure sensor data of the detection unit at that location in the sampled data within T are obtained, and N second pressure sensor data of another detection unit on the same bridge deck as the detection unit at that location are obtained within T. The fused data of the N first pressure sensor data and the N second pressure sensor data are calculated by taking an average value at corresponding moments, thus obtaining N fused pressure sensor data. A plane coordinate system is constructed with the sampling time as the horizontal coordinate, the fused pressure sensor data as the vertical coordinate, and (0, 0) as the coordinate origin. At this time, there are N discrete points in the plane coordinate system with horizontal coordinates in the range of (T0, T0+T), and T0 is the starting time of the cycle T; Performing curve fitting on the N discrete points to obtain a first curve; The first curve is shifted to the next period, i.e., the horizontal coordinate is within the range of (T0+T, T0+2T) to obtain the second curve, and the second curve is used to predict abnormalities of the N fused pressure sensor data in the next period; The abnormal prediction method is: Calculate the minimum distance between the discrete points formed by the N fused pressure sensor data within the range of (T0+T, T0+2T) and the second curve to obtain N corresponding minimum distances, and count the number Y of discrete points whose N corresponding minimum distances exceed the first threshold. If the quantity Y is greater than the second threshold, it is determined that there is a pressure abnormality; If at least one of the displacement anomaly and the pressure anomaly exists, it is determined that a fracture anomaly exists at this time.

2. The bridge anomaly detection method using a combined displacement sensor and pressure sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises, When a displacement anomaly is detected, the first threshold and the second threshold are corrected by the preset coefficients, that is, the first threshold is updated to α times the original set first threshold, and the second threshold is updated to α times the original set second threshold, where the value range of α is (0, 1).

3. The bridge anomaly detection method using a combined displacement sensor and a pressure sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, the curve fitting algorithm is a curve fitting algorithm based on the least squares method.

4. The bridge anomaly detection method using a combined displacement sensor and a pressure sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, an alarm reminder is sent to relevant management personnel in the form of a text message through a preset SIM card.

5. A device for detecting bridge anomalies by combining a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor, characterized in that: The steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are applied, wherein the device comprises the following: Multiple detection units, with two adjacent bridge piers and the bridge deck section between them as one detection unit, and a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor are installed between the two pairs of bridge piers and the bridge deck in each detection unit; The control unit has a built-in 4G / 5G communication unit for receiving the reported data from each detection unit; The backend platform is used to receive the reported data uploaded by the control unit, perform abnormality detection on the bridge, and determine whether there is any abnormal fracture; When an abnormal fracture occurs, an alarm is given to the relevant management personnel, and the preset display device is controlled to display the preset content to warn nearby vehicles.

6. The device for detecting bridge anomalies by combining a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The device further comprises: The drone system is used to dispatch drones to verify abnormal fracture conditions after relevant management personnel receive alarm information.

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