Single-stage power supply buck-boost device

Abstract

A single-stage power supply buck-boost device comprises an AC-DC converter and an input / output circuit. The AC-DC converter has a single-stage flyback architecture and is used for receiving a first AC current and converting the first AC current into a first DC current, and a secondary side of the AC-DC converter adopts a synchronous rectification architecture of a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET). The input / output circuit is electrically connected to the AC-DC converter and is used for outputting the first DC current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a single-stage power supply step-up and step-down device. Background Art

[0002] The demand for energy storage devices is gradually rising, such as Tesla's PowerWall, Dianxiaoer outdoor mobile power supply, uninterruptible power supply (UPS), etc. These energy storage devices meet the electricity needs of companies, homes, travel, etc.

[0003] However, users need to prepare different devices for different power requirements. For example, users need to prepare charging devices, inverter / boost / step-down devices, etc. These independent devices not only have high costs, but also occupy a large volume, which is very inconvenient to use. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above, the present invention provides a single-stage, bidirectional, power supply buck-boost device to solve the above problems.

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a single-stage power boost-boost device includes an AC-DC converter and an input / output circuit. The AC-DC converter has a single-stage flyback architecture and is used to receive a first AC current and convert the first AC current into a first DC current, wherein the secondary side of the AC-DC converter is a synchronous rectification architecture using a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). The input / output circuit is electrically connected to the AC-DC converter and is used to output the first DC current.

[0006] In summary, the single-stage power buck-boost device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention can simplify the energy storage device, reduce the cost and volume. In addition, compared with the AC-DC converter of the general structure, the AC-DC converter implemented by the single-stage flyback structure has a simpler circuit structure, so it requires fewer components, has lower cost, and occupies less space, thereby making the single-stage power buck-boost device as a whole have lower cost and volume.

[0007] The above description of the disclosed content and the following description of the embodiments are used to demonstrate and explain the spirit and principle of the present invention, and to provide further explanation of the claims of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 5 FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 6 FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 7 FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 8 FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The detailed features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the following embodiments, and the contents are sufficient to enable those skilled in the art to understand the technical content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. According to the contents disclosed in this specification, the claims and the drawings, any person skilled in the art can easily understand the relevant purposes and advantages of the present invention. The following examples further illustrate the viewpoints of the present invention in detail, but do not limit the scope of the present invention in any viewpoint.

[0017] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, a single-stage power buck-boost device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention comprises an AC-DC converter 11 and an input / output circuit 12, wherein the AC-DC converter 11 is electrically connected to the input / output circuit 12. The single-stage power buck-boost device 1 has a first terminal T1 and a second terminal T2 for receiving power and outputting power.

[0018] The AC-DC converter 11 has a single stage flyback architecture, and the secondary side of the AC-DC converter 11 is a synchronous rectification architecture using a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). The AC-DC converter 11 is used to receive an AC current from an external power source and convert the AC input into a DC current. Specifically, the AC-DC converter 11 is used to receive a first AC current through a first terminal T1 and convert the first AC current into a first DC current. The single stage flyback architecture of the AC-DC converter 11 may include a single stage flyback converter and a controller. In one embodiment, the controller in the single stage flyback architecture itself is a power factor correction (PFC) controller. Furthermore, the AC-DC converter of a general power adapter includes a power factor correction controller and a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller, and the two controllers are implemented with two sets of circuits. In a single-stage flyback architecture, the power factor correction controller and the pulse width modulation controller can be implemented with the same IC and the same set of circuits, that is, this IC has both power factor correction and pulse width modulation functions. In this way, the single-stage power buck-boost device 1 can not only meet the power factor correction regulations of the European Union or other countries, but also take into account the requirements of low cost and small size. The existing single-stage flyback architecture is only used as an LED lamp. Because a diode is used as a secondary-side rectifier, the energy efficiency of the AC-DC conversion is too low to meet the regulatory requirements when the power is output at high power, so the power is not suitable for use scenarios greater than 100W. The single-stage flyback architecture of the present invention uses MOSFET for secondary-side synchronous rectification, which is suitable for 100-1500W application requirements.

[0019] The input / output circuit 12 is used to output the first DC current through the second terminal T2. The input / output circuit 12 can also be connected to the energy storage device to output the first DC current to the energy storage device. In addition to the AC / DC converter 11, the input of the input / output circuit 12 can also be a solar panel or a wind turbine generator of DC power. In addition, the input / output circuit 12 can be a power adapter with multiple ports.

[0020] Compared with the AC-DC converter of the general structure, the single-stage power buck-boost device 1 of the above-mentioned structure has a simpler circuit structure, so it requires fewer components, has lower cost, and occupies less space, thereby enabling the single-stage power buck-boost device 1 to have a lower cost and volume as a whole.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the single-stage power buck-boost device 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes an AC-DC converter 21 and an input / output circuit 22. The AC-DC converter 21 is electrically connected to the input / output circuit 22. The single-stage power buck-boost device 2 has a first terminal T1 and a second terminal T2 for receiving power and outputting power.

[0022] The AC / DC converter 21 has a single-stage flyback architecture. The AC / DC converter 21 includes a transformer subcircuit 211, a first field effect transistor 212, a switching element 213, and an AC / DC conversion subcircuit 214. The transformer subcircuit 211 may include one or more coils for converting voltage. Further, the transformer subcircuit 211 may include multiple coils of isolation type or multiple coils of non-isolation type. The transformer subcircuit 211 is electrically connected to the input / output circuit 22, the first field effect transistor 212, and the switching element 213. The first field effect transistor 212 may be a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor. In other words, the aforementioned synchronous rectification architecture of the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor may include the first field effect transistor 212. The first field effect transistor 212 and the switching element 213 are also electrically connected to the AC / DC conversion subcircuit 214, respectively. The transformer subcircuit 211 and the AC / DC conversion subcircuit 214 are respectively connected to both ends of the switching element 213. The switching element 213 may be another field effect transistor or a relay. The input / output circuit 22 can be connected with Figure 1 The input / output circuit 12 is the same as that of FIG. 1 , so it will not be described here in detail.

[0023] In the single-stage power supply buck-boost device 2, the input / output circuit 22 can also be used to receive a second direct current from the second terminal T2, and the transformer subcircuit 211 is used to convert the second direct current into a second alternating current with a different voltage, and transmit the second alternating voltage to the first field effect transistor 212, wherein the voltage of the second alternating current can be higher or lower than the voltage of the second direct current.

[0024] The first field effect transistor 212 is used to synchronously rectify the second alternating current to generate a third direct current. The switching element 213 is used to selectively ground one end of the transformer subcircuit 211. The AC / DC conversion subcircuit 214 is used to convert the synchronously rectified third direct current into a third alternating current, and output the third alternating current through the first terminal T1 or other terminals.

[0025] The transformer subcircuit 211 can also transform the second DC current into a fourth DC current with a different voltage, and then output a near sine wave AC current through the AC / DC conversion subcircuit 214, and the converted AC current is output through the first terminal T1. In this embodiment, the transformer subcircuit 211 can be a non-isolated transformer subcircuit. The single-stage power buck-boost device 2 of the above-mentioned architecture has the functions of converting AC to DC and DC to AC, which can reduce the cost and volume derived from the process of performing the two-way conversion of AC to DC.

[0026] In another embodiment, Figure 2 The AC / DC conversion sub-circuit 214 of the single-stage power buck-boost device 2 can be replaced by a full-bridge voltage commutation circuit and an inductor-capacitor filter. The full-bridge voltage commutation circuit is electrically connected between the first field effect transistor 212 and the inductor-capacitor filter, and the inductor-capacitor filter is also electrically connected to the first terminal T1. Therefore, after the first field effect transistor 212 synchronously rectifies the third DC current, the full-bridge voltage commutation circuit and the inductor-capacitor filter can convert the synchronously rectified third DC current into an AC current of a near sine wave, and output the converted AC current through the first terminal T1. In another embodiment, Figure 2 The AC / DC conversion subcircuit 214 of the single-stage power buck-boost device 2 can be replaced by an inductor-capacitor circuit to convert the fourth DC current in the form of a square wave into a sinusoidal AC current and output the sinusoidal AC current through the first terminal T1. In this embodiment, the transformer subcircuit 211 can be an isolated transformer subcircuit.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the single-stage power buck-boost device 3 according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes an AC-DC converter 31 and an input / output circuit 32. The AC-DC converter 31 is electrically connected to the input / output circuit 32. The single-stage power buck-boost device 3 has a first terminal T1 and a second terminal T2 for receiving power and outputting power. The AC-DC converter 31 has a single-stage flyback architecture. The transformer sub-circuit 311, the first field effect transistor 312, the switching element 313 and the AC-DC conversion sub-circuit 314 of the AC-DC converter 31 are respectively connected to the input / output circuit 32. Figure 2 The transformer sub-circuit 211, the first field effect transistor 212, the switching element 213 and the AC / DC conversion sub-circuit 214 of the AC / DC converter 21 are the same; the input / output circuit 32 is the same as Figure 2 The input / output circuit 22 is the same as that of FIG. 1 , so it will not be described in detail here.

[0028] In the single-stage power buck-boost device 3, the AC-DC converter 31 further includes a microcontroller 33, which is electrically connected to the switching element 313. The microcontroller 33 has an analog control function, which has the advantages of low cost and easy design compared to the digital control method. The microcontroller 33 is used to turn on the switching element 313 when the AC-DC converter 31 receives the first AC current, and to turn off the switching element 313 when the input / output circuit 32 receives the first DC current. The microcontroller 33 can also be used as a synchronous rectifier on the secondary side, which is not described here because it is a prior art. The microcontroller 33 is also used to turn on the switching element 313 when the AC-DC converter 31 receives the second DC current, converts and outputs the third DC current. At this time, the second AC current can be synchronously rectified through the first field effect transistor 312 to output the third DC current.

[0029] In detail, when the AC / DC converter 31 receives the first AC current through the first terminal T1, the microcontroller 33 controls the first field effect transistor 312 to maintain conduction, and controls the on and off of the switching element 313, so that the first DC current output by the AC / DC converter 31 is output through the second terminal T2. When the input / output circuit 32 receives the second DC current through the second terminal T2, the microcontroller 33 controls the switching element 313 to maintain conduction, and controls the on and off of the first field effect transistor 312 to rectify the second AC current and then output the third DC current. The third DC current after synchronous rectification is converted into a third AC current through the AC / DC conversion sub-circuit 314, and the third AC current is output through the first terminal T1. In other words, in the embodiment where the input / output circuit 32 receives the second DC current, the switching element 313 is always on, and the first field effect transistor 312 switches between the on state and the off state.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the single-stage power buck-boost device 4 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention includes an AC-DC converter 41 and an input / output circuit 42. The AC-DC converter 41 is electrically connected to the input / output circuit 42. The single-stage power buck-boost device 4 has a first terminal T1 and a second terminal T2 for receiving power and outputting power. The AC-DC converter 41 has a single-stage flyback architecture. The transformer sub-circuit 411, the first field effect transistor 412, the switching element 413 and the AC-DC conversion sub-circuit 414 of the AC-DC converter 41 are respectively connected to the input / output circuit 42. Figure 2 The transformer sub-circuit 211, the first field effect transistor 212, the switching element 213 and the AC / DC conversion sub-circuit 214 of the AC / DC converter 21 are the same; the input / output circuit 42 is the same as Figure 2The input / output circuit 22 is the same as that of FIG. 1 , so it will not be described in detail here.

[0031] The single-stage power buck-boost device 4 also includes an output circuit 43. The output circuit 43 has two ends, one of which is electrically connected between the AC / DC conversion sub-circuit 414 and the first field effect transistor 412, and the other end of the output circuit 43 is electrically connected to the switch-mode power supply (SMPS) device PW. The output circuit 43 is used to output the rectified third DC current to the switch-mode power supply device PW. For example, the output circuit 43 can output a 1.3kW DC current to the switch-mode power supply device PW, and the first end T1 can output a 0.2kW third AC current, wherein the third AC current is a sine wave. The other end of the output circuit 43 can also be connected to a device using DC power. Therefore, by setting the output circuit 43, the cost and conversion loss derived from the process of converting DC power to AC power can be reduced.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the single-stage power buck-boost device 5 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention includes an AC-DC converter 51 and an input / output circuit 52. The AC-DC converter 51 is electrically connected to the input / output circuit 52. The single-stage power buck-boost device 5 has a first terminal T1 and a second terminal T2 for receiving power and outputting power, wherein the second terminal T2 is also electrically connected to the first terminal T1. The AC-DC converter 51 has a single-stage flyback architecture. The transformer subcircuit 511, the first field effect transistor 512 and the switching element 513 of the AC-DC converter 51 are respectively connected to the input / output circuit 52. Figure 2 The transformer subcircuit 211, the first field effect transistor 212 and the switching element 213 of the AC / DC converter 21 are the same; the input / output circuit 52 is the same as Figure 2 The input / output circuit 22 is the same as that of FIG. 1 , so it will not be described in detail here.

[0033] In the single-stage power buck-boost device 5, the AC / DC conversion subcircuit 514 includes a three-phase rectifier circuit 514a, a motor 514b and an inductor-capacitor circuit 514c. The motor 514b is electrically connected between the three-phase rectifier circuit 514a and the inductor-capacitor circuit 514c. The transformer subcircuit 511 and the three-phase rectifier circuit 514a are respectively connected to the two ends of the switching element 513. By replacing the existing bridge rectifier circuit with the three-phase rectifier circuit 514a, the current conversion efficiency can be improved. In addition, the kinetic energy generated by the motor 514b can be recycled to the second end T2 (kinetic energy recycle), and the three-phase rectifier circuit 514a can also be used to use the electric energy of the second end T2 to drive the motor 514b.

[0034] In this way, the single-stage power buck-boost device 5 can simultaneously meet the requirements of charging energy storage, inverter output, motor drive and motor kinetic energy recovery (or motor connected to a power source for power generation) with the simplest structure and cost, thereby having the benefits of high conversion efficiency, low cost and reduced space occupation.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the single-stage power buck-boost device 6 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention includes an AC-DC converter 61 and an input / output circuit 62. The single-stage power buck-boost device 6 has a first terminal T1 and a second terminal T2 for receiving power and outputting power. The AC-DC converter 61 has a single-stage flyback architecture. The AC-DC converter 61 includes a plurality of transformer subcircuits 611a and 611b (collectively referred to as "transformer subcircuits 611"), an AC-DC conversion subcircuit 614, and a plurality of relays 612a and 612b (collectively referred to as "relays 612"). The input / output circuit 62 and Figure 1 The input / output circuit 12 is the same as that of FIG. 1 , so it will not be described here in detail.

[0036] The relay 612 of the AC / DC converter 61 is electrically connected between the AC / DC conversion subcircuit 614 and the transformer subcircuit 611. The relay 612a is electrically connected to the transformer subcircuit 611a, and the relay 612b is electrically connected to the transformer subcircuit 611b. In other words, one relay is electrically connected to one transformer subcircuit. The relay 612 is used to conduct the corresponding one of the plurality of transformer subcircuits 611a and 611b according to the first AC current to output the first DC current.

[0037] In other words, an appropriate transformer subcircuit can be selected according to the input and output voltage range, and the relay can conduct the transformer subcircuit suitable for the usage scenario according to the demand, and then output the first DC current through the second terminal T2. In this way, under the condition of the first DC current with different voltages, the conversion efficiency can still be higher than the conversion efficiency specification of the regulations. At the same time, an appropriate transformer subcircuit can also be selected according to the voltage of the first AC current input to T1.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7As shown, the single-stage power buck-boost device 7 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention includes an AC-DC converter 71, an input / output circuit 72, a microcontroller 73 and a heat dissipation element 74. The single-stage power buck-boost device 7 has a first terminal T1 and a second terminal T2 for receiving power and outputting power. The AC-DC converter 71 is electrically connected to the input / output circuit 72. The microcontroller 73 is electrically connected to the AC-DC converter 71, and is electrically or communicatively connected to the heat dissipation element 74. The AC-DC converter 71 and the input / output circuit 72 of the single-stage power buck-boost device 7 are respectively connected to Figure 1 The AC / DC converter 11 and the input / output circuit 12 are the same. In addition, the AC / DC converter 71 may also be Figures 2 to 6 The microcontroller 73 can be implemented with any of the AC / DC converters. Figure 3 The microcontroller 33 is the same microcontroller, and may also be another microcontroller.

[0039] In a usage scenario, the output power corresponding to the first DC current output by the AC / DC converter 71 is not less than the rated power, and the time for which the output power corresponding to the first DC current is maintained at not less than the rated power is not greater than the time threshold. In other words, under the conditions of operating temperature, voltage resistance and current resistance, the output power of the first DC current output by the AC / DC converter 71 can be increased to at least equal to the rated power within a specified time length. The rated power is, for example, 210W, and the time threshold is, for example, 10 minutes. The present invention does not limit the specific values ​​of the rated power and the time threshold. Accordingly, the energy storage device connected to the second end T2 can be quickly charged for a short time or the reverse output power can be increased for a short time without increasing the cost and volume of the single-stage power supply buck-boost device 7.

[0040] In addition, when the output power of the first DC current is not less than the rated power, the microcontroller 73 can control the heat dissipation element 74 to dissipate heat from the AC / DC converter 71. By using the active cooling method of the microcontroller and the heat dissipation element, the time length during which the output power of the first DC current is maintained at not less than the rated power can be increased to improve the charging efficiency.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram of a single-stage power buck-boost device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 As shown, the single-stage power buck-boost device 8 according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention includes an AC-DC converter 81 and an input / output circuit 82. The AC-DC converter 81 is electrically connected to the input / output circuit 82. Figure 1 The AC / DC converter 81 may also be Figures 2 to 6 Any of the above can be realized by using an AC / DC converter.

[0042] In the single-stage power buck-boost device 8, the input / output circuit 82 includes a DC-DC buck-boost conversion sub-circuit 821, which is electrically connected to the AC-DC converter 81. The DC-DC buck-boost conversion sub-circuit 821 is used to convert a first DC current output by the AC-DC converter 81, and output another converted DC current through the second terminal T2. In another embodiment, the input / output circuit 82 may also include a DC-DC buck conversion sub-circuit, and its connection method is the same as that of the DC-DC buck-boost conversion sub-circuit 821.

[0043] It should also be noted that the AC-DC converter in the single-stage power buck-boost device can also include a microcontroller ( Figure 3 ) and output lines ( Figure 4 ), and the AC-DC conversion subcircuit of the AC-DC converter may include a three-phase rectifier circuit, a motor, and an inductor-capacitor circuit ( Figure 5 In addition, the single-stage power buck-boost device may also include another microcontroller and a heat dissipation element ( Figure 7 ), and the input / output circuit can also include a DC-DC buck-boost conversion subcircuit ( Figure 8 ). In other words, the single-stage power buck-boost device can be a combination of the above-mentioned multiple embodiments.

[0044] In summary, the single-stage power buck-boost device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention can meet multiple functions such as charging and energy storage output, electric motor driving and kinetic energy recovery. Compared with the existing charging, energy storage output, and motor driving systems that require three systems, it has the advantages of low cost and small size.

[0045] In addition, compared with the AC-DC converter of the general structure, the AC-DC converter implemented by the single-stage flyback structure has a simpler circuit structure, so fewer components are required, the cost is lower, and the space occupied is also less, so that the single-stage power buck-boost device as a whole can have a lower cost and volume. By setting the first field effect transistor and the switching element in the AC-DC converter, the single-stage power buck-boost device can have the functions of AC-DC and DC-AC at the same time, which can reduce the cost and conversion loss derived from the process of DC-AC conversion. By electrically connecting the output line between the AC-DC conversion sub-circuit and the first field effect transistor, the cost and conversion loss derived from the process of DC-AC conversion can be reduced. In addition, by replacing the existing bridge rectifier circuit with a three-phase rectifier circuit, the current conversion efficiency can be improved, and the kinetic energy generated by the drive motor or the recovery motor can be improved. By making the output power of the AC-DC converter not less than the rated power and the duration not greater than the time threshold, the energy storage device can be charged quickly for a short time or the reverse output power can be increased for a short time without increasing the cost and volume of the single-stage power buck-boost device. Furthermore, by utilizing the active cooling method of the microcontroller and the heat dissipation element, the length of time that the output power of the AC / DC converter is maintained at not less than the rated power can be increased, thereby improving the charging efficiency.

[0046]

Explanation of symbols

[0047] 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8: Single-stage power supply buck-boost device

[0048] 11,21,31,41,51,61,71,81: AC / DC converter

[0049] 12,22,32,42,52,62,72,82: Input / output circuit

[0050] 211,311,411,511,611,611a,611b: Transformer circuit

[0051] 212,312,412,512: The first field effect transistor

[0052] 213,313,413,513,613: Switching elements

[0053] 214,314,414,514,614: AC-DC conversion subcircuit

[0054] 612a,612b,612: Relay

[0055] 33,73:Microcontroller

[0056] 43: Output line

[0057] 514a: Three-phase rectifier circuit

[0058] 514b: Motor

[0059] 514c: Inductor and capacitor circuit

[0060] 74: Heat dissipation element

[0061] 821: DC-DC buck-boost converter circuit

[0062] T1: First end

[0063] T2: Second end

[0064] PW: Switch mode power supply unit.

Claims

1. A single-stage power supply buck-boost device, comprising: An AC-DC converter has a single-stage flyback architecture and is used to receive a first AC current and convert the first AC current into a first DC current, wherein the secondary side of the AC-DC converter is a synchronous rectification architecture using a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor; and an input / output circuit is electrically connected to the AC-DC converter and is used to output the first DC current.

2. The single-stage power buck-boost device according to claim 1, wherein the input / output circuit is further configured to receive a second direct current, and the AC-DC converter comprises: A transformer subcircuit, configured to transform the second DC current into a second AC current having a different voltage; A first field effect transistor, electrically connected to the transformer sub-circuit, for synchronously rectifying the second alternating current; A switching element, electrically connected to the transformer subcircuit, for selectively grounding one end of the transformer subcircuit; as well as The AC / DC conversion subcircuit is electrically connected to the first field effect transistor and the end of the transformer subcircuit, and is used for converting the third DC current after synchronous rectification into a third AC current.

3. The single-stage power boost / step-down device according to claim 2, further comprising: The microcontroller is electrically connected to the switching element. The microcontroller is used for turning on or off the switching element when the AC / DC converter receives the first AC current, and turning on the switching element when the input / output circuit receives the second DC current.

4. The single-stage power boost / step-down device according to claim 2, further comprising: An output circuit is electrically connected between the AC / DC conversion sub-circuit and the first field effect transistor, and is used for outputting the rectified third DC current to a switch mode power supply device.

5. The single-stage power buck-boost device according to claim 2, wherein the AC-DC conversion sub-circuit comprises: Three-phase rectifier circuit; Inductor-capacitor circuit; and The motor is electrically connected between the three-phase rectifier circuit and the inductor-capacitor circuit. 6 . The single-stage power buck-boost device according to claim 2 , wherein the switching element is a second field effect transistor or a relay.

7. The single-stage power buck-boost device according to claim 1, wherein the AC-DC converter comprises: a plurality of transformer sub-circuits; an AC-DC conversion subcircuit; and A plurality of relays are electrically connected between the AC / DC conversion subcircuit and the plurality of transformer subcircuits, and the plurality of relays are used to conduct corresponding ones of the plurality of transformer subcircuits according to the first AC current to output the first DC current.

8. The single-stage power boost / step-down device according to claim 1, wherein the output power corresponding to the first direct current is not less than the rated power, and the time for which the output power is maintained not less than the rated power is not greater than a time threshold.

9. The single-stage power boost / step-down device according to claim 8, further comprising: heat dissipation components; and The microcontroller is electrically connected to the AC / DC converter, and is used for controlling the heat dissipation element to dissipate heat for the AC / DC converter when the output power of the first DC current is not less than the rated power.

10. The single-stage power buck-boost device according to claim 1, wherein the input / output circuit comprises: a DC-DC buck-boost conversion sub-circuit, electrically connected to the AC-DC converter, and configured to convert the first DC current. The input / output circuit outputs the converted first direct current.

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