Single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure

Abstract

The invention provides a single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure, which comprises a plurality of single-row modules of a plurality of single-tube batteries, the plurality of single-tube batteries are arranged along the length direction of the single-row modules, and one single-tube battery is arranged in the width direction; a plurality of single-row modules are combined to form an electric pile; each single-row module comprises a supporting part on which each single-tube battery is fixed, and a cathode gas distribution part which is hermetically connected to the supporting part, is correspondingly communicated with the side on which the cathode of each single-tube battery is positioned, and is used for introducing cathode gas to the single-tube battery and discharging cathode tail gas after reaction; and the anode gas distribution part is connected to the supporting part in a sealing manner, is correspondingly communicated with the side where the anode of each single-tube battery is located, and is used for introducing anode gas to the single-tube batteries and discharging reacted anode tail gas. Through the structure provided by the invention, the problems that the gas flow path is complicated and the gas of each single-tube battery is difficult to uniformly distribute when the current multi-tube electric pile is expanded are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure. Background Art

[0002] SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) can generate electricity directly from fossil fuels and convert chemical energy into electrical energy. It is not restricted by the Carnot cycle and is an efficient and clean power generation device with wide fuel applicability and rich application fields. It is especially suitable for distributed power generation and cogeneration systems. Therefore, it is considered to be the most promising green power generation device at this stage. For China, which needs to import a large amount of oil but has relatively abundant natural gas resources, the efficient and clean conversion and utilization of light alkanes such as methane and ethane has important strategic significance for national energy security.

[0003] SOFC is mainly divided into two types: flat plate type and tubular type, as well as corresponding multiple evolutionary designs. Tubular SOFC has attracted widespread attention for its advantages such as good high-temperature self-sealing properties and small thermal stress. At present, tubular SOFC mainly uses anode layer, porous insulating ceramics, porous metal ceramics, etc. as support tubes. From the inside to the outside, it is anode-electrolyte-cathode. The fuel gas flows in the tube, and the air is distributed on the outer surface of the single-tube battery. In the process of commercial application, due to the low voltage of a single-tube SOFC battery, it is usually necessary to assemble multiple single-tube batteries in series and parallel to integrate the battery stack to meet various application requirements from small portable power supplies to large-scale power generation equipment.

[0004] In different battery stack assembly schemes such as the structural characteristics and current collection methods of tubular batteries, the large amount of air flowing on the outer surface of the tubular battery is not only the main source of reactants (oxygen) on the cathode surface, but also the main way of heat transfer in the battery stack. The fuel gas in the tube is the main way to generate electricity. Uneven flow of anode and cathode gases will have a significant impact on the electrochemical performance, temperature gradient, material component stress, and battery stack output power and service life of each single-tube battery. Therefore, the uniformity of gas distribution of each single-tube battery in the battery stack is extremely critical.

[0005] In order to obtain a tubular SOFC stack with high efficiency, long life and optimal output performance, it is necessary to ensure the uniformity of gas distribution between each single-tube battery so that the temperature of each single-tube battery and the internal temperature of the stack are uniform. Among the different gas distribution schemes currently used to improve the uniformity of gas distribution, since the large-power stack has a large number of single-tube batteries, the gas distributors are relatively complex, and the flow space in the gas cavity is large, the gas diffuses disorderly in multiple dimensions, resulting in different air intake and flow resistance for each single-tube battery, thus not fundamentally solving the problem of gas distribution uniformity. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure to solve the problem that the gas flow path is complex in today's multi-tube expanded stacks and the gas in each single-tube battery is difficult to distribute evenly.

[0007] The present invention provides a single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure, and the technical solution adopted is: A single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure, comprising: A plurality of single-row modules, comprising a plurality of single-tube batteries, wherein the plurality of single-tube batteries are arranged along the length direction of the single-row modules and are one in the width direction; Wherein, a plurality of said single-row modules are combined to form a battery stack; each of said single-row modules comprises: A support portion, on which each of the single-tube batteries is fixed; A cathode gas distribution part, sealed and connected to the support part, and correspondingly communicated with the cathode side of each of the single-tube batteries, for introducing cathode gas into the single-tube batteries and discharging cathode tail gas after the reaction; The anode gas distribution part is sealed and connected to the support part, and is correspondingly communicated with the anode side of each single-tube battery, and is used for introducing anode gas into the single-tube battery and discharging anode tail gas after reaction.

[0008] As one of the preferred solutions, the width of the single-row module matches the inner diameter of the single-tube battery in the width direction.

[0009] As one of the preferred solutions, six single-tube batteries are arranged on the single-row module.

[0010] As one of the preferred solutions, the single-row module further includes: A fixing plate, arranged in the cathode gas distribution part, the fixing plate is provided with mounting holes, each of the mounting holes allows each of the single-tube batteries to pass through; Wherein, the inner wall surface of each mounting hole is coated with insulating material.

[0011] As one of the preferred solutions, the fixing plate is a hollow structure, and a plurality of diversion areas located around each of the mounting holes are formed on the fixing plate.

[0012] As one of the preferred solutions, the cathode gas distribution unit includes: A cathode gas cavity having an opening at the bottom, the opening being sealed by the support portion, and a plurality of the single-tube batteries extending from the support portion toward the cathode gas cavity; A cathode gas inlet pipe is arranged in communication with the cathode gas cavity at a position corresponding to the closed end of the single-tube battery; A cathode gas exhaust pipe is arranged in communication with the cathode gas cavity at a position away from the closed end.

[0013] As one of the preferred solutions, the anode gas distribution unit includes: Anode gas inlet cavity, with holes opened on the cavity; an anode gas inlet pipe, connected to the anode gas inlet cavity; an anode gas exhaust chamber, located between the support portion and the anode gas inlet chamber and sealed by both; an anode gas exhaust pipe, connected to the anode gas exhaust chamber; An air guide tube, one end of which is inserted into the hole and passes through the anode gas exhaust cavity to extend into the interior of the single-tube battery mounted on the support portion; Wherein, the extended terminal end of the air guide tube is close to the closed end of the single-tube battery.

[0014] As one of the preferred solutions, the cathode gas inlet pipe and the anode gas inlet pipe are respectively provided with fine-tuning needle valves.

[0015] As one of the preferred solutions, the cathode gas chamber includes a collection chamber body and a collection chamber top cover which are interconnected.

[0016] As one of the preferred solutions, the support portion includes fixing holes, each of the single-tube batteries is fixed on each of the fixing holes, and is connected to the anode gas exhaust chamber.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages: An embodiment of the present invention provides a single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure, which includes multiple single-row modules of multiple single-tube batteries, wherein the multiple single-tube batteries are arranged along the length direction of the single-row modules and are one in the width direction; multiple single-row modules are combined to form a stack; each single-row module includes a support portion to which each single-tube battery is fixed, and a cathode gas distribution portion sealed and connected to the support portion, and correspondingly connected to the cathode side of each single-tube battery, for introducing cathode gas into the single-tube battery and discharging cathode tail gas after reaction; and an anode gas distribution portion sealed and connected to the support portion, and correspondingly connected to the anode side of each single-tube battery, for introducing anode gas into the single-tube battery and discharging anode tail gas after reaction.

[0018] In the structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention, after the gas flows into each single-row module, since the single-tube batteries are arranged in only one row, the distribution path of the gas in the single row is relatively simple, and the path for each single-tube battery to obtain gas is relatively the same, which is less affected by resistance and pressure loss, and the flow difference between the single-tube batteries is small, so that the amount of gas received by each single-tube battery in the same row of modules is basically the same. Therefore, the single-row modular intake pipe SOFC stack can effectively improve the problem of gas distribution uniformity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a front view structural diagram of a single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of the anode gas inlet chamber and the anode gas inlet pipe according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of the anode gas exhaust chamber and the anode gas exhaust pipe according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a detailed internal view of a support portion according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the cabin body and the cathode gas exhaust pipe according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is an internal structure diagram of a fixing plate according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of the cabin top cover and the cathode gas inlet pipe described in one embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Description of reference numerals: 1a, cabin top cover; 1b, cabin body; 2, fixing plate; 3, single-tube battery; 4, air guide pipe; 5, supporting part; 6a, anode gas exhaust chamber; 6b, anode gas inlet chamber; 7, cathode gas inlet pipe; 8, cathode gas exhaust pipe; 9, anode gas exhaust pipe; 10, anode gas inlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that there are currently a variety of gas distribution schemes, all of which involve modifying the fuel intake position and the air intake position, adding gas distribution equipment and / or inlet and outlet manifolds, which improve the uniformity of gas distribution to a certain extent, but increase the complexity and maintenance cost of the system. Due to the multi-row structure and complex gas flow path of traditional large tubular fuel cells, the difficulty of uniformly distributing gas inside each single-tube battery 3 in the fuel cell stack is greatly increased compared to the fuel cell stack module. In the related art, although some people have modularized large fuel cells, it is mainly unilaterally considered for the convenience of disassembly and assembly, and the modularized fuel cell stack still belongs to the multi-row fuel cell stack structure.

[0024] In a traditional large-scale tubular battery stack structure or a modular multi-row battery stack structure, such as a double-row module battery stack or a multi-row module battery stack or a matrix module battery stack, the single-tube batteries 3 are arranged horizontally and vertically along the length and width directions, and the gas needs to be distributed in multiple dimensions. After the gas enters the battery stack from the manifold, it diffuses and flows in three-dimensional space, and needs to undergo a complex distribution process. It is necessary to consider not only the uniformity of gas flow in the length and height directions, but also the gas diffusion in the width direction. The single-tube batteries 3 in different rows are in different flow paths, resulting in differences in the distribution of gas momentum and pressure.

[0025] In the same multi-row module or large battery stack, there is a shielding effect between the front and rear rows. The single-tube battery 3 close to the manifold will obtain more gas first. At this time, the airflow will have a certain energy loss, and the momentum and pressure will gradually weaken, resulting in less airflow for the rear-row single-tube battery 3. It can be seen that even if gas distribution measures are taken, each single-tube battery 3 inside the battery stack module still has the problem of uneven gas distribution.

[0026] In view of this, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 and Figure 2 They are the three-dimensional structure diagram and front view structure diagram of the single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure, and show the internal structure. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure comprises: a plurality of single-row modules, comprising a plurality of single-tube batteries 3, wherein the plurality of single-tube batteries 3 are arranged along the length direction of the single-row modules and are one in the width direction; wherein the plurality of single-row modules are combined to form a stack; each of the single-row modules comprises: a support portion 5, on which each of the single-tube batteries 3 is fixed; a cathode gas distribution portion, which is sealed and connected to the support portion 5 and communicated with the cathode side of each of the single-tube batteries 3, for introducing cathode gas into the single-tube batteries 3 and discharging cathode tail gas after reaction; an anode gas distribution portion, which is sealed and connected to the support portion 5 and communicated with the anode side of each of the single-tube batteries 3, for introducing anode gas into the single-tube batteries 3 and discharging anode tail gas after reaction.

[0027] Specifically, the single-tube battery 3 is a single component unit of the single-row module, and the single-row module is a single component unit of the tubular SOFC stack. Each single-tube battery 3 includes an anode, an electrolyte, and a cathode. The outer wall of the tube is the cathode, and cathode gas (hereinafter referred to as air) is supplied outside the tube; the inner wall of the tube is the anode, and anode gas (hereinafter referred to as fuel) is supplied inside the tube. The fuel and air undergo an electrochemical reaction on the tube. Specifically, the fuel may include hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, propane, butane, gasoline, diesel, etc.

[0028] Among them, multiple single-tube batteries 3 can be connected through a special material connector, and the current can be uniformly collected at one end of the tube and the current can be led out through a lead; or the tubes can be combined in series and parallel through the lead to form a single-row module.

[0029] The support part 5 may be a support base for fixing each single-tube battery 3 and serving as a support carrier for the cathode gas distribution part and the anode gas distribution part. The cathode gas distribution part is responsible for distributing air to the outer wall surface of each single-tube battery 3 and discharging the cathode tail gas generated by the reaction. The anode gas distribution part is used to transport fuel to the inner wall surface of each single-tube battery 3 and discharge the anode tail gas after the reaction.

[0030] In some embodiments, the inner wall surface of the single-tube battery 3 can be used as the cathode side, and the outer wall surface of the single-tube battery 3 can be used as the anode side. Correspondingly, the cathode gas distribution part and the anode gas distribution part are correspondingly arranged.

[0031] The improvement of this embodiment is that the battery stack module is fixed as a single-row submodule. Multiple single-tube batteries 3 can be arranged in a row of N, N is at least greater than 2, and arranged in a row along the length direction of the module. In actual use, multiple 1*N single-row modules can be combined in series and parallel according to needs to form the entire battery stack structure to achieve effective power amplification.

[0032] Therefore, for a single-row module, the single-tube battery 3 is only arranged in the length direction, and there is only one row in the width direction. The length of a single-row module can be much greater than the width, and its width is almost negligible relative to the length and height. The gas almost does not need to diffuse along the width direction, and the diffusion in the width is negligible. The gas is restricted to flow along the length direction, so the flow of cathode gas and anode gas can be approximately equivalent to two-dimensional diffusion. The gas flows along a two-dimensional path (single direction), ensuring that the gas will not produce unevenness due to multi-directional diffusion, greatly strengthening air flow control and reducing turbulence losses.

[0033] Therefore, compared with the traditional modular layout such as double-row or matrix or large-scale battery stack structure, such as N*N, the gas flow space is large, and the gas must be distributed in multiple dimensions after entering the air cavity. The gas flow path inside the stack is complex, resulting in different air intake and flow resistance of each battery cell, which is prone to uneven distribution. After the gas in the embodiment of the present application flows into each single-row module, since the single-tube batteries 3 are only arranged in one row, the distribution path of the gas in the single row is relatively simple, and the path for each single-tube battery 3 to obtain gas is relatively the same, which is less affected by resistance and pressure loss. The flow difference between each single-tube battery 3 is small, so that each single-tube battery 3 in the same row of modules receives basically the same amount of gas. Therefore, the single-row modular intake pipe SOFC stack can effectively improve the problem of gas distribution uniformity.

[0034] In addition, the single-row module design simplifies the gas path management of the structure. There is no need for complex gas distribution structures to adjust the uniform distribution of gas, which reduces structural complexity and maintenance difficulty, and fundamentally improves the uniformity of gas distribution and structural stability internally.

[0035] In addition, by modularizing the tubular SOFC stack, it is possible to greatly facilitate the replacement of some single-tube cells 3. In traditional large-scale integrated stacks, the distance between single-tube cells 3 is small, considering the intensiveness and uniformity of gas distribution. If the single-tube cell 3 in the middle is replaced, it will be extremely difficult. With the single-row modular stack structure designed by the present invention, each single-row module has independent air intake and exhaust. It is extremely convenient to only take out a single module for replacement, or directly replace the spare module as a whole. This design not only simplifies the gas path structure, but also improves the output power and durability of the stack, which is very suitable for large-scale modular integration and efficient operation of fuel cell structures.

[0036] In summary, in the modular structure of the tubular SOFC stack and its replicated and expanded stack, the design adopts a single-row air intake, which has better gas distribution uniformity, and the replacement of the single-tube battery 3 in the stack is efficient and convenient, which is original in the SOFC field. Therefore, it provides a more reliable, efficient and low-cost solution for the future design of modular fuel cell structures.

[0037] It can be seen that, as a further explanation of this embodiment, in the design of a single-row module 1*N, since the battery cells in the module are arranged in a straight line, the gas flow direction is mainly along the arrangement direction and will not cross other directions for complex distribution.

[0038] Based on similar principles, the height of the air cavity can be further reduced to the maximum extent, while the aspect ratio can be expanded, so that the gas tends to diffuse in one dimension. However, the height is usually relatively fixed inside the module, and the height has a weak relationship with the overall distribution uniformity, but it affects the gas flow. There is no need to further expand the ratio of length to height to avoid reducing the availability and layout flexibility of the module. Therefore, by realizing two-dimensional flow optimization through 1*N single-row design, the gas distribution can be simplified to the maximum extent.

[0039] Based on similar principles, the height of the air cavity can be minimized without increasing the aspect ratio. In this case, a larger area of ​​plane space is required to make the gas tend to diffuse in a planar two-dimensional manner. Therefore, an optimized design is selected in which the length is much greater than the width and the height is determined by the inside of the module, so that the gas distribution flows evenly on the plane, while taking into account the compactness of the structure and reducing the additional space.

[0040] Preferably, the width of the single-row module matches the inner diameter of the single-tube battery 3 in the width direction. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the single-tube battery 3 is related to the width of the air cavity, and the width of the air cavity determines the overall width of the single-row module. Among them, the cathode air inlet end and the anode air inlet end of the single-tube battery 3 are connected to the cathode air cavity and the anode air cavity respectively. When designing, the width of the cathode air cavity and the anode air cavity is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the single-tube battery 3, which can further expand the aspect ratio, avoid unnecessary space waste or airflow deflection, and improve the uniformity of gas distribution between batteries. By matching the inner diameter of the battery with the width of the module, the space occupied by the module can be further optimized.

[0041] Exemplarily, the stack module includes a cabin body 1b, a cabin top cover 1a, a single-tube battery 3, a support portion 5, an anode gas exhaust cavity 6a, and an anode gas intake cavity 6b, etc. Therefore, based on the size of the single-tube battery 3, the cabin body 1b, the cabin top cover 1a, the fixing plate 2, the support portion 5, the anode gas exhaust cavity 6a, and the anode gas intake cavity 6b can be designed to be rectangular, and the length and width of the several are consistent, forming a rectangular structure as a whole, the overall length is slightly greater than the sum of the arrangement lengths of the multiple single-tube batteries 3, and the overall width is slightly greater than the inner diameter of the single-tube battery 3.

[0042] In some embodiments, the single-tube battery 3 may be in a cylindrical shape, and the width of the air cavity may be slightly larger than the inner diameter of the single-tube battery 3 .

[0043] In some embodiments, the single-tube battery 3 may be of a special shape, and the width of the air cavity may be slightly larger than the maximum inner diameter of the single-tube battery 3 .

[0044] In some embodiments, the single-tube battery 3 may be rectangular, and the width of the air cavity may be slightly larger than the width of the single-tube battery 3 .

[0045] In some embodiments, a plurality of single-tube batteries 3 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on the support portion 5 .

[0046] More preferably, six single-tube batteries 3 are arranged on the single-row module. In this embodiment, the fuel cell stack is composed of multiple small 1*6 single-row modules, and the gas is introduced into the air cavity through an air intake pipe, and then evenly distributed to six parallel-arranged battery cells by the air cavity. In this embodiment, only six tubes need to supply gas after the fuel side intakes, so the gas uniformity is better than the fuel gas intake of the traditional fuel cell stack without manifold distribution.

[0047] Specifically, multiple such small single-row modules are combined in series or in parallel to achieve power amplification, and each stack module adopts an independent air intake design (each sub-module is equipped with independent fuel gas and air gas paths, and includes an air inlet, exhaust port, and gas flow control device), which not only ensures the uniformity of gas distribution and control of temperature gradients within each module, but also improves the power output, reliability, and scalability of the structure.

[0048] In some embodiments, the number of single-row modules can be flexibly increased or decreased, or the length of a single single-row module can be adjusted (increasing or decreasing the number of single-tube batteries 3) according to actual application requirements to achieve battery stack configurations with different power requirements.

[0049] In another embodiment, the single-row module further includes: a fixing plate 2, which is arranged in the cathode gas distribution part, and a mounting hole is opened on the fixing plate 2, each of which allows each of the single-tube batteries 3 to pass through; wherein the inner wall surface of each of the mounting holes is coated with an insulating material. In this embodiment, the single-tube battery 3 is arranged in the cathode gas distribution part, and the fixing plate 2 is arranged in the cathode gas distribution part. After the single-tube battery 3 is fixed by the support part 5, it is reinforced again by the fixing plate 2 to prevent the single-tube battery 3 from being too long and tilting and colliding, and high-temperature insulating ceramic glue is coated on the inner wall surface of the mounting hole of the battery fixing plate 2 to prevent contact and conduction with the single-tube battery 3.

[0050] The shape and contour of the mounting hole are adapted to the shape and contour of the single-tube battery 3. For example, the mounting hole is a round through hole, through which the single-tube battery 3 can pass.

[0051] Furthermore, a fixing plate 2 is provided on the top of the battery, and the fixing plate 2 can be used as an air distributor. The gas intake mode can be changed by punching holes on its surface or changing its shape arbitrarily, so as to further improve the uniformity of air distribution.

[0052] Specifically, the fixing plate 2 is a hollow structure. The hollow design allows the gas to flow freely after entering the air cavity, and holes or gaps are added to the design of the plate, so that the gas can be smoothly distributed to the outer wall surface of each battery cell through the holes or gaps of the fixing plate 2.

[0053] More specifically, the channels or gaps are provided with a plurality of diversion areas around each of the mounting holes on the fixing plate 2. The diversion areas are arranged around each mounting hole on the mounting plate, which can effectively distribute the gas flow evenly around each battery cell.

[0054] In some embodiments, the shunt area can be in various forms, such as a small channel, hole or annular fluid channel, or a mesh, strip or porous structure, to ensure that the gas can pass smoothly and be shunted to the periphery of each battery cell. The shape and size of each shunt area can be the same or different.

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, four diversion areas are arranged in an array around each mounting hole, and two adjacent mounting holes share two diversion areas to optimize space utilization. The gas enters the air cavity through the diversion area and is evenly distributed between two adjacent single-tube batteries 3. By setting the diversion area, the gas can be pre-distributed before entering each single-tube battery 3, the flow rate and pressure of the gas are more consistent at the inlet position of each battery unit, and the gas distribution becomes more uniform and stable.

[0056] In a further technical solution, the cathode gas distribution unit includes: The cathode gas cavity has an opening at the bottom, which is sealed by the support portion 5, and a plurality of the single-tube batteries 3 extend from the support portion 5 to the cathode gas cavity; a cathode gas inlet pipe 7 is connected and arranged at a position of the cathode gas cavity corresponding to the closed end of the single-tube battery 3; a cathode gas exhaust pipe 8 is connected and arranged at a position of the cathode gas cavity away from the closed end.

[0057] In this embodiment, the cathode gas cavity is located at the top, and is sealed and connected to the support part 5 in the middle and lower part through the bottom opening, covering the multiple single-tube batteries 3 installed on the support part 5, and providing a closed space for each single-tube battery 3 to transfer the air input from the cathode gas inlet pipe 7 to the outer wall surface of the single-tube battery 3. In this design, the cathode gas inlet pipe 7 is directly connected to the closed end position corresponding to the single-tube battery 3 in the cathode gas cavity, so that after the air enters the cavity, there is enough time and space to diffuse downward and react electrochemically with the fuel flowing in the single-tube battery 3. Correspondingly, the cathode gas exhaust pipe 8 is preferably arranged at the far end of the cathode gas cavity to discharge the cathode tail gas after sufficient reaction out of the cavity.

[0058] In a further technical solution, the anode gas distribution portion includes: an anode gas inlet cavity 6b with a hole opened on the cavity; an anode gas inlet pipe 10, which is connected to the anode gas inlet cavity 6b; an anode gas exhaust cavity 6a, which is located between the support portion 5 and the anode gas inlet cavity 6b and is sealed by both; an anode gas exhaust pipe 9, which is connected to the anode gas exhaust cavity 6a; an air guide tube 4, one end of which is inserted into the hole and passes through the anode gas exhaust cavity 6a to extend into the interior of the single-tube battery 3 mounted on the support portion 5; wherein the extended terminal end of the air guide tube 4 is close to the closed end of the single-tube battery 3.

[0059] In this embodiment, the anode gas inlet chamber 6b and the anode gas exhaust chamber 6a are arranged to overlap from bottom to top. The anode gas inlet chamber 6b receives fuel through the anode gas inlet pipe 10, and a hole is opened on the chamber body, which is connected to the air duct 4 to transport the fuel into the air duct 4. The fuel continues to enter the interior of each single-tube battery 3 through the air duct 4 for use in the reaction inside the battery. The anode gas exhaust chamber 6a is located between the support part 5 and the anode gas inlet chamber 6b, and is sealed by both. It is connected to the support part 5 but isolated from the cathode gas inlet chamber, receives the anode tail gas transmitted from the support part 5, and discharges the anode tail gas through the anode gas exhaust pipe 9.

[0060] Preferably, the extended terminal end of the air guide tube 4 is close to the closed end of the single-tube battery 3, so that the fuel input into the single-tube battery 3 through the air guide tube 4 and the air transmitted to the closed end of the single-tube battery 3 by the top fixing plate 2 have enough time and space to undergo electrochemical reaction.

[0061] In some embodiments, at least two of the cathode gas inlet pipe 7 , the cathode gas exhaust pipe 8 , the anode gas inlet pipe 10 and the anode gas exhaust pipe 9 may be arranged on the same side or on different sides.

[0062] In this embodiment, air is inletted and exhaust is discharged on the same side of the single-row modules.

[0063] In another embodiment, the cathode gas chamber includes a capsule body 1b and a capsule top cover 1a that are interconnected. In this embodiment, the capsule body 1b is plugged into the support 5, the capsule top cover 1a seals the top of the capsule body 1b, the cathode gas inlet pipe 7 is connected to the capsule top cover 1a, and the cathode gas exhaust pipe 8 is connected to the capsule body 1b, which facilitates the assembly and replacement of the single-row module.

[0064] Furthermore, the support part 5 includes a fixing hole, each of which is used to fix each of the single-tube batteries 3 and is connected to the anode gas exhaust chamber 6a. The support part 5 fixes the battery unit by setting the fixing holes. Each fixing hole corresponds to the position of a battery unit. The open end of the single-tube battery 3 is located in the fixing hole and is connected to the fixing hole, so that the anode tail gas after the reaction flows out of the support part 5 through the open end and enters the anode gas exhaust chamber 6a.

[0065] A preferred embodiment is provided below as a specific description of this structure: Please refer again Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure, the stack module consists of a cabin body 1b, a cabin top cover 1a, a fixing plate 2, a single-tube battery 3, an air guide 4, a support 5, an anode gas exhaust cavity 6a, an anode gas inlet cavity 6b, a cathode gas inlet pipe 7, a cathode gas exhaust pipe 8, an anode gas exhaust pipe 9, and an anode gas inlet pipe 10. The above materials except the single-tube battery 3 are all high-temperature resistant alloys.

[0066] The cathode gas inlet pipe 7 and the anode gas inlet pipe 10 are provided with a fine-tuning needle valve for adjusting the intake amount at the outer end of the pipe. The air after the flow rate is adjusted by the needle valve enters the cathode gas cavity from the cathode gas inlet pipe 7, flows evenly on the surface of each single-tube battery 3, and is discharged from the cathode gas exhaust pipe 8 at the bottom of the cathode gas cavity; the fuel after the flow rate is adjusted by the needle valve enters the anode gas inlet cavity 6b from the anode gas inlet pipe 10 and then enters the top of each single-tube battery 3 through the air guide pipe 4, flows evenly inside the single-tube battery 3, and then flows into the anode gas exhaust cavity 6a below it through the support part 5, and then is discharged from the anode gas exhaust pipe 9.

[0067] Specifically, Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the combination of the anode gas inlet chamber 6b and the anode gas inlet pipe 10 is shown. The anode gas inlet chamber 6b is a closed rectangular parallelepiped, and a hole is opened on its upper surface to insert the air guide pipe 4 and weld it tightly. A hole is opened on its left surface to insert the anode gas inlet pipe 10 and weld it tightly.

[0068] like Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the combination of the anode gas exhaust chamber 6a and the anode gas exhaust pipe 9 is shown, wherein the anode gas exhaust chamber 6a is a rectangular parallelepiped without upper and lower surfaces, which is placed directly above the anode gas inlet chamber 6b and sealed on all sides by welding; the support portion 5 is placed directly above the anode gas exhaust chamber 6a and sealed on all sides by welding.

[0069] like Figure 5The inner details of the support part 5 are shown. The single-tube battery 3 is inserted into the upper surface of the support part 5. The hole is a through hole. The diameter of the upper hole is ≥ the diameter D+3mm of the single-tube battery 3. The gap is used for coating sealant for sealing. The diameter of the lower hole is ≤ the diameter D-4mm of the single-tube battery 3. The single-tube battery 3 is installed in the support part 5 and coated with sealant for sealing.

[0070] like Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the combination of the cabin body 1 b and the cathode gas exhaust pipe 8 is shown. The cathode gas exhaust pipe 8 is inserted into the hole on the left surface of the cabin body 1 b. The length and width of the cathode gas exhaust pipe 8 are slightly smaller than the support part 5 and can be directly inserted into the support part 5.

[0071] like Figure 7 The internal structure diagram of the fixing plate 2 is shown. The fixing plate 2 is placed directly above the cabin body 1b and is sealed on all sides by welding. The single-tube battery 3 is reinforced again through the top fixing plate 2 to prevent the single-tube battery 3 from being too long and tilted and colliding. High-temperature insulating ceramic glue is coated in the ring of the fixing plate 2 on the top of the battery to prevent contact and conduction with the single-tube battery 3.

[0072] like Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the combination of the cabin top cover 1a and the cathode gas inlet pipe 7 is shown, and then the cabin top cover 1a is placed on the top of the cabin body 1b and connected by high-temperature sealant.

[0073] In summary, the modular design of tubular SOFC significantly improves the gas distribution uniformity, durability and output performance of the stack through single-row design, independent gas path and quick-release structure. In the future, with the further development of materials and integration technology, it will provide a more reliable, efficient and low-cost solution for the modular fuel cell structure design of future distributed power generation, industrial cogeneration and other energy structure applications.

[0074] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0075] It should also be noted that, in this article, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Moreover, the term "include" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device.

[0076] The above is a detailed introduction to a single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure provided by the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the present application, and the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application. At the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present application, there will be different forms of changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here, and the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure, characterized in that: The structure includes: A plurality of single-row modules, comprising a plurality of single-tube batteries, wherein the plurality of single-tube batteries are arranged along the length direction of the single-row modules and are one in the width direction; Wherein, a plurality of said single-row modules are combined to form a battery stack; each of said single-row modules comprises: A support portion, on which each of the single-tube batteries is fixed; A cathode gas distribution part, sealed and connected to the support part, and correspondingly communicated with the cathode side of each of the single-tube batteries, for introducing cathode gas into the single-tube batteries and discharging cathode tail gas after the reaction; The anode gas distribution part is sealed and connected to the support part, and is correspondingly communicated with the anode side of each single-tube battery, and is used for introducing anode gas into the single-tube battery and discharging anode tail gas after reaction.

2. A single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the single-row module matches the inner diameter of the single-tube battery in the width direction.

3. The single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Six single-tube batteries are arranged on the single-row module.

4. The single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-row module also includes: A fixing plate, arranged in the cathode gas distribution part, the fixing plate is provided with mounting holes, each of the mounting holes allows each of the single-tube batteries to pass through; Wherein, the inner wall surface of each mounting hole is coated with insulating material.

5. The single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing plate is a hollow structure, and a plurality of diversion areas are formed on the fixing plate around each of the mounting holes.

6. The single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode gas distribution unit comprises: A cathode gas cavity having an opening at the bottom, the opening being sealed by the support portion, and a plurality of the single-tube batteries extending from the support portion toward the cathode gas cavity; A cathode gas inlet pipe is arranged in communication with the cathode gas cavity at a position corresponding to the closed end of the single-tube battery; A cathode gas exhaust pipe is arranged in communication with the cathode gas cavity at a position away from the closed end.

7. The single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode gas distribution unit comprises: Anode gas inlet cavity, with holes opened on the cavity; an anode gas inlet pipe, connected to the anode gas inlet cavity; an anode gas exhaust chamber, located between the support portion and the anode gas inlet chamber and sealed by both; an anode gas exhaust pipe, connected to the anode gas exhaust chamber; An air guide tube, one end of which is inserted into and sealed in the hole, passes through the anode gas exhaust chamber, and extends into the interior of the single-tube battery mounted on the support portion; Wherein, the extended terminal end of the air guide tube is close to the closed end of the single-tube battery.

8. A single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The cathode gas inlet pipe and the anode gas inlet pipe are respectively provided with fine-tuning needle valves.

9. The single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cathode gas chamber comprises a collection chamber body and a collection chamber top cover which are interconnected.

10. The single-row combined tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support portion includes fixing holes, each of which is used to fix each of the single-tube batteries and is communicated with the anode gas exhaust cavity.

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