Electromagnetic power generation and friction nanometer power generation composite wave energy conversion device

Abstract

The invention provides an electromagnetic power generation and friction nanometer power generation composite wave energy conversion device, and relates to the field of wave energy utilization, the electromagnetic power generation and friction nanometer power generation composite wave energy conversion device comprises an integrated power generation unit, the integrated power generation unit is formed by combining a plurality of power generation units, and each power generation unit comprises a square shell, a friction nanometer power generation part and an electromagnetic power generation part; the metal electrode clings to the inner wall of the square shell; a magnet rotor is arranged in the square shell, and the magnet rotor and a copper electrode in the square shell form a friction nanometer power generation part; a plurality of layers of coils are wound on the outer wall of the square shell, and the magnet rotor and the coils form an electromagnetic power generation part. Wave energy is collected through friction nanometer power generation and electromagnetic power generation, the two power generation modes are matched with each other, the available wave range can be effectively expanded, the conversion efficiency can be improved, the starting condition can be reduced, and therefore the device adapts to actual sea conditions with high randomness and time-varying characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wave energy utilization, and in particular to a composite wave energy conversion device of electromagnetic power generation and friction nano power generation. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the world economy, the demand for energy is gradually increasing. Due to the non-renewable nature of traditional fossil energy and the environmental pollution problems it causes, reliable renewable energy is urgently needed. The world's ocean area far exceeds the land area. The wave energy of the global ocean reaches 70 billion kilowatts, and 2 to 3 billion kilowatts can be developed and utilized. Therefore, wave energy has important development value as a new, clean and sustainable energy. Wave energy is formed by wind and waves, comes from the sun, and is less affected by day and night changes. It can be used as an important energy source for widely distributed marine equipment.

[0003] The main way to utilize wave energy is to generate power through wave energy, so wave energy conversion devices have always been the focus of development. At present, the main ways of wave energy conversion include electromagnetic induction power generation, friction nano-power generation, etc. However, the current wave energy conversion devices have their own limitations. They are limited by the low frequency and randomness of wave energy, and the power generation devices have high requirements for corrosion resistance and robustness.

[0004] Therefore, the combination of multiple power generation methods will have higher power generation adaptability to meet the needs of continuous power supply. Summary of the invention

[0005] According to the above technical problems of the limitations of the existing wave energy conversion devices, a composite wave energy conversion device of electromagnetic power generation and friction nano power generation is provided. The present invention mainly collects wave energy in the form of friction nano power generation and electromagnetic power generation. The two power generation modes cooperate with each other, which can effectively expand the available wave range, improve conversion efficiency, and reduce starting conditions, so as to adapt to the actual sea conditions with strong randomness and time-varying.

[0006] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] A composite wave energy conversion device of electromagnetic power generation and friction nano power generation, comprising an integrated power generation unit, wherein the integrated power generation unit is composed of a plurality of power generation units connected in series or in parallel or in series and parallel, wherein the power generation unit comprises a square shell, a friction nano power generation part, and an electromagnetic power generation part, wherein a metal electrode is arranged in close contact with the inner wall of the square shell;

[0008] A magnet mover is arranged inside the square shell, and the magnet mover and the metal electrode inside the square shell form a friction nano power generation part;

[0009] The outer wall of the square shell is wound with multiple layers of coils, and the magnet mover and the coils form an electromagnetic power generation part.

[0010] Furthermore, the magnet mover comprises a magnet and a dielectric material film, the magnet is arranged inside a square housing, and the outside of the magnet is wrapped with a dielectric material film.

[0011] Furthermore, connection interfaces at both ends of the coil are respectively reserved at the head and tail of the square housing for connecting to external electrical equipment.

[0012] Furthermore, slideways are respectively arranged on the upper and lower parts of the square shell, and a limiting iron column is slidably connected in the slideways. The magnet is arranged on the limiting iron column to limit the movement direction of the magnet.

[0013] Furthermore, a metal wire is attached to the metal electrode via an interdigitated electrode, and the metal wire is connected in series with an external energy storage capacitor and an electrical device to form a closed loop; and the interdigitated electrode is made of a metal film material.

[0014] Furthermore, a sealing sheet is provided on the side of the square shell, and the square shell and the sealing sheet are both made of insulating PLA material.

[0015] Furthermore, the dielectric material film is made of PTFE, FEP or Kapton material; the magnet is radially magnetized, and the N pole and S pole of the magnet are respectively on the side surfaces of the cylinder composed of the magnet.

[0016] Furthermore, the coil is formed by winding a copper wire material with a wire diameter of 3.5 mm, and is treated with acrylic spray for moisture and salt resistance.

[0017] The power generation principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0018] The friction nano power generation part of the present invention utilizes the difference in electronegativity of different materials. Under the excitation of sea waves, the cylindrical magnet rolls in the square shell, so that the dielectric material film and the interdigital electrodes contact and generate electricity and electrostatic induction, and an alternating current is generated after a closed loop is formed with the external circuit through the metal wire; if the device is not affected by the sea waves and does not shake, there will be no relative displacement between the dielectric material film and the interdigital electrodes, and no alternating current is generated; if the device is pushed to shake to the right under the excitation of sea waves, the movement will be transmitted to the cylindrical magnet, and the dielectric material film rolls to the right relative to the square shell. Under the influence of the difference in material electronegativity, the surface of the dielectric material film is negatively charged, The surface of the interdigitated electrode is positively charged, and a potential difference is generated at the metal electrodes at both ends of the interdigitated electrode. When the external circuit is closed, current will be generated in the loop, which will charge the energy storage capacitor and supply power to the electrical equipment after circuit management. When the charged dielectric material film hits the outer shell baffle of the square outer shell on the right side through the metal electrode, it moves in the opposite direction under the action of inertia force, restoring force and reverse excitation of the waves. The cylindrical magnet rubs against the interdigitated electrode, and the potential of the metal electrodes at both ends is reversed, and the external circuit generates a reverse current until the cylinder reaches the leftmost pipe sealing piece; in this way, under the continuous excitation of external waves, the cylinder moves back and forth, and finally forms a stable alternating current.

[0019] The electromagnetic power generation part of the present invention utilizes the principle of electromagnetic induction. Under the action of sea waves, the cylindrical magnet rolls, and the magnetic flux lines of the magnet move to cut the coil on the outer wall of the square shell, generating an alternating current. When the external sea waves excite the driving device to move to the right, the cylindrical magnet is driven to roll to the right. If the magnet always maintains the N pole at the upper end and the S pole at the lower end during the movement without flipping, it can be seen from the right-hand rule that a counterclockwise current will be generated in the coil when observed from the left end. The current is then connected to the energy storage capacitor and the electrical equipment through external circuit management to realize power supply. When the magnet moves to the rightmost end of the square shell, it collides with the shell baffle. , it moves to the left under the action of inertia, restoring force and the reverse excitation of the waves, and the magnetic flux lines of the magnet cut the coil again to generate induced current. From the right-hand rule, we can know that by determining the direction of the magnet's movement and the direction of the magnetic flux lines of the magnetic field, we can get the direction of the current. When observed from the left end, a clockwise current will be generated in the coil, which will be managed by the external circuit to supply power to the energy storage capacitor and electrical equipment again; under the joint influence of the waves and other external factors, the magnet keeps moving back and forth, forming an alternating current in the external circuit, which is then coupled with the friction nano-power generation part through circuit management to supply power to the energy storage capacitor, electrical equipment and other equipment.

[0020] The present invention is based on a composite conversion device of electromagnetic induction and friction nanotechnology. It can freely change the output characteristics according to the needs of electrical equipment. The output voltage can be changed by connecting multiple devices in series, and the output current can be changed by connecting multiple devices in parallel. Hot melt adhesive is used to fix the devices. By converting wave energy into electrical energy to power buoys and other offshore electrical equipment, the endurance of the buoys is improved, ultimately achieving the goal of long-endurance self-powered operation of offshore equipment.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The present invention utilizes friction nano-generation and electromagnetic generation to collect wave energy. The two power generation methods cooperate with each other to effectively expand the available wave range, improve the conversion effect, and reduce the starting conditions, thereby adapting to the actual sea conditions with strong randomness and time-varying properties.

[0023] 2. The present invention mainly utilizes the rolling of cylindrical magnets to convert wave energy into mechanical energy, and then converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through electromagnetic power generation and friction nano-power generation. Since the movers of the two power generation methods are cylindrical magnets, the volume of the entire device is small, and more power generation units can be integrated under the same volume, and the mode and number of the power generation unit array can also be adjusted to meet different sea conditions and work requirements. The device can be equipped with different sensors to provide energy for the sensors to collect ocean information.

[0024] 3. The present invention utilizes the rolling of cylindrical magnets to collect wave energy and convert it into mechanical energy of the mover. The cylindrical magnet converts the ups and downs of the waves into the flipping motion of the magnet. Since there is very little friction between the cylindrical magnet and the inner wall of the shell, a very small disturbance can realize the rolling of the magnet, and the starting frequency of the device can be very low.

[0025] 4. The present invention integrates the magnet for electromagnetic power generation and the dielectric material for friction nano power generation on a cylindrical magnet. The cylindrical magnet rolls under the action of the waves, cutting the magnetic flux lines during the movement to generate electromagnetic power. At the same time, the dielectric material film coated on the surface of the magnet rubs against the electrode on the inner wall of the shell during the movement to generate friction nano power. The two power generation methods are suitable for different wave frequencies. Composite power generation can broaden the collected wave frequencies and increase the output power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the conversion device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the conversion device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the series integration of the conversion devices of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of parallel integration of the conversion device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the power generation principle of the friction nano unit of the conversion device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the power generation principle of the electromagnetic induction unit of the conversion device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a circuit diagram of the connection between the conversion device of the present invention and the electrical equipment.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Sealing piece; 2. Square shell; 3. Metal electrode; 4. Dielectric material film; 5. Coil; 6. Limiting iron column; 7. Magnet; 8. Integrated power generation unit; 9. Energy storage capacitor; 10. Electrical equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0038] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a composite wave energy conversion device of electromagnetic power generation and friction nano power generation, wherein the integrated power generation unit 8 is composed of a plurality of friction nano power generation modules (TENG) and electromagnetic induction power generation modules (EMG) in series, parallel or series-parallel combination, and the specific integration mode of the integrated power generation unit 8 can be freely changed according to the power demand of the external power-consuming device 10 or the energy storage capacitor 9. After circuit management and rectification, the integrated power generation unit 8 is connected in series with the energy storage capacitor 9 and the power-consuming device 10 to realize power supply.

[0039] The power generation unit is mainly composed of a sealing sheet 1, a square shell 2, a metal electrode 3, a dielectric material film 4, a coil 5, a limiting iron column 6, a magnet 7 and other structures. The square shell 2 is the main body of the unit, and the metal electrodes 3 are all tightly attached to the inner wall of the square shell 2, and an appropriate gap is left between the two metal electrodes 3; the coil 5 is wound in multiple layers in the same direction, tightly attached to the outer wall of the square shell 2, and each turn is tightly fitted. The square shell 2 has interfaces at both ends of the coil 5 for connecting to external electrical equipment 10; the magnet mover in the square shell 2 is composed of a dielectric material film 4 and a magnet 7, and the magnet mover rolls in the square shell 2, and provides a stable output through the metal electrode 3 and the cutting coil 5.

[0040] The interdigital electrodes are made of metal film material. After the outer surface of the interdigital electrodes is nano-processed, the metal wires are attached to the two metal electrodes 3 using a sticky metal film, and then connected in series with an external energy storage capacitor 9 and an electrical device 10 to form a closed loop.

[0041] The sealing sheet 1 and the square housing 2 are both made of insulating PLA material.

[0042] The dielectric material film 4 uses polymer materials including but not limited to PTFE, FEP, Kapton, etc.; the magnet 7 uses NdFeB material after surface strengthening treatment, and the N pole and S pole of the magnet are respectively on the side of the cylinder through radial magnetization.

[0043] The coil 5 is formed by winding a copper wire material with a wire diameter of 3.5 mm, and is treated with acrylic spray for moisture and salt resistance.

[0044] After integration, the device is placed inside the buoy or added with a counterweight module to ensure that the device will not lose its balance under the influence of waves, wind and rain, etc.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a composite wave energy conversion device of electromagnetic power generation and friction nano power generation, comprising a sealing sheet 1, a square housing 2, a friction nano generator, and an electromagnetic generator, wherein:

[0047] The square housing 2 has a copper electrode inside as part of the friction nanogenerator and a copper coil 5 outside as part of the electromagnetic generator. The square housing 2 is the main body of the entire device, and the inner cavity is the movement space of the magnet 7.

[0048] The composite mode power generation device is mainly composed of a friction nanogenerator and an electromagnetic generator. The cylindrical magnet 7 placed inside the square shell 2, the dielectric material film 4 wrapped outside and the copper electrode at the bottom of the shell form a friction nanogenerator; the coil 5 is an enameled copper wire wound along the same direction on the outer wall of the square shell 2, and the magnet 7 inside the square shell 2 forms an electromagnetic generator.

[0049] The friction nanogenerator is a dielectric material film 4 that generates contact friction with the copper electrode 3 on the inner wall of the square shell 2 when rolling. Based on the coupling of contact electrification and electrostatic induction, an alternating current output can be generated between the two electrodes.

[0050] The electromagnetic generator is an internal cylindrical magnet 7 that cuts the outer wall coil 5 of the shell when rolling, and the coil 5 generates alternating current output under the action of Faraday electromagnetic induction.

[0051] Using a composite mode of electromagnetic generators and friction nanogenerators to collect wave energy can broaden the frequency range of wave energy collection and increase the peak limit of wave energy collection.

[0052] The cylindrical magnet 7 part of the electromagnetic generator is combined with the dielectric material part of the friction nanogenerator and placed in the same cylinder, which simplifies the structure of the power generation device and can improve the output power density of the wave energy conversion device.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Marine buoys are important marine infrastructure. They can carry electrical devices with different functions10, such as navigation lights, hydrological sensors, meteorological sensors, and marine biosensors, etc. They play an important role in ensuring shipping and traffic safety, collecting marine data, and monitoring marine equipment. Traditional marine buoys are mainly powered by solar energy and batteries. Such buoys are limited by their principles and structures, resulting in poor endurance, great environmental impact, and the need for regular maintenance.

[0055] When the invention is integrated into an offshore buoy as a power generation unit, wave energy can be directly collected as the energy supply for the device. The power generation unit integrated into the device is inside the buoy and isolated from the seawater, which can effectively improve the reliability of the device and eliminate the need for regular maintenance and battery replacement. When the integrated power generation unit 8 converts wave energy into electrical energy, part of it is stored through the energy storage capacitor 9 to power the electrical equipment 10 on the buoy. The ocean information collected by the sensor will be transmitted to the receiving end on the ground or on the ship through the transmitting module, providing data support for ocean research. The buoy can also carry lighting equipment to ensure the safety of the ship's route and provide safety warnings.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite wave energy conversion device of electromagnetic power generation and friction nano power generation, characterized in that: The invention comprises an integrated power generation unit (8), wherein the integrated power generation unit (8) is composed of a plurality of power generation units connected in series or in parallel or in combination of series and parallel, wherein the power generation unit comprises a square housing (2), a friction nano power generation part, and an electromagnetic power generation part, and the metal electrode (3) is arranged in close contact with the inner wall of the square housing (2); A magnet mover is arranged inside the square housing (2), and the magnet mover and the metal electrode (3) inside the square housing (2) form a friction nano-power generation part; The outer wall of the square housing (2) is wound with multiple layers of coils (5), and the magnet mover and the coils (5) form an electromagnetic power generation part.

2. The composite wave energy conversion device of electromagnetic power generation and friction nano power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The magnet mover comprises a magnet (7) and a dielectric material film (4); the magnet (7) is arranged inside a square housing (2), and the outside of the magnet (7) is wrapped with a dielectric material film (4).

3. The composite wave energy conversion device of electromagnetic power generation and friction nano power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The square housing (2) has connection interfaces at both ends of the coil (5) at the head and tail, respectively, for connecting to an external electrical device (10).

4. The composite wave energy conversion device of electromagnetic power generation and friction nano power generation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The square housing (2) is provided with slideways at the top and bottom, respectively. The limiting iron column (6) is slidably connected in the slideways. The magnet (7) is arranged on the limiting iron column (6) to limit the movement direction of the magnet (7).

5. The composite wave energy conversion device of electromagnetic power generation and friction nano power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A metal wire is attached to the metal electrode (3) via a forked electrode, and the metal wire is connected in series with an external energy storage capacitor (9) and an electrical device (10) to form a closed loop; the forked electrode is made of a metal film material.

6. The composite wave energy conversion device of electromagnetic power generation and friction nano power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A sealing sheet (1) is provided on the side of the square shell (2), and both the square shell (2) and the sealing sheet (1) are made of insulating PLA material.

7. The composite wave energy conversion device of electromagnetic power generation and friction nano power generation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The dielectric material film (4) is made of PTFE, FEP or Kapton material; the magnet (7) is radially magnetized, and the N pole and S pole of the magnet (7) are respectively on the side surfaces of the cylinder formed by the magnet (7).

8. The composite wave energy conversion device of electromagnetic power generation and friction nano power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coil (5) is formed by winding a copper wire material with a wire diameter of 3.5 mm, and is treated with acrylic acid spray to prevent moisture and salt.

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