Roof structure and railway vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of railway vehicles, and provides a roof structure and a railway vehicle, the roof structure comprises a lower top plate, the upper part of the lower top plate is provided with an accommodating space, and the lower top plate is provided with a first opening communicated with the accommodating space; the lower cover plate covers the first opening and is movably connected with the lower top plate; and the extension ladder is movably connected with the lower cover plate, the lower cover plate is suitable for being switched between an opening position and a closing position, in the opening position, the extension ladder extends out of the containing space from the first opening to the lower portion of the lower top plate, and in the closing position, the extension ladder retracts into the containing space from the lower portion of the lower top plate from the first opening. The telescopic ladder is arranged in the roof, the lower cover plate is opened when needed, the telescopic ladder is pulled open, and the purpose that people in the compartment climb the roof is achieved. When the train encounters special situations such as fire, flood and the like, staff and passengers in a passenger room need to avoid danger urgently, and the staff can directly get on the roof without passing through a side door or an end door of the train so as to protect the safety of the staff and property.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rail vehicles and provides a roof structure and a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of urban rail transit, passenger safety has become one of the most concerned issues in the design and operation process. In emergency situations, such as fire, flood and other special situations, it is crucial to provide effective escape routes. When a train encounters special situations such as fire and flood, the staff and passengers in the passenger compartment of the rail train need to take emergency shelter. The usual practice is to evacuate people through the side doors of the carriage or emergency passages, or even by setting up escape windows to allow people to break the window glass and escape from the carriage. However, if there is no safety platform outside the carriage, people will not be able to obtain effective safety space. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a roof structure and a rail vehicle to solve one of the defects in the prior art. By arranging a telescopic ladder inside the roof, the lower cover plate is opened when necessary, and the telescopic ladder is pulled out to achieve the purpose of people inside the carriage climbing to the roof. The purpose of people inside the carriage directly reaching the roof can be achieved, especially when the train encounters special situations such as fire and flood, the cabin staff and passengers need to take emergency shelter, and the personnel can directly climb to the roof without going through the side door or end door of the train, so as to protect the safety of personnel and property.

[0004] The present invention provides a roof structure, comprising: A lower top plate, wherein an accommodating space is provided at an upper portion of the lower top plate, and the lower top plate is provided with a first opening communicating with the accommodating space; A lower cover plate, the lower cover plate is arranged to cover the first opening and is movably connected to the lower top plate; A telescopic ladder, wherein the telescopic ladder is movably connected to the lower cover plate, and the lower cover plate is suitable for switching between an open position and a closed position. In the open position, the telescopic ladder extends from the first opening in the accommodating space to the lower part of the lower top plate. In the closed position, the telescopic ladder retracts from the lower part of the lower top plate through the first opening back into the accommodating space.

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes: An upper top plate, the upper top plate is connected to the lower top plate and encloses the accommodating space, and the upper top plate is provided with a second opening; An upper cover plate is disposed on the second opening and is movably connected to the upper top plate.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the upper cover plate includes a main board portion and a side board portion, the side board portion is located at the edge of the main board portion, and the main board portion is vertically connected to the side board portion, the upper top plate is provided with a bending portion at the edge of the second opening, a groove is provided on the inner side of the bending portion, the side board portion is located in the groove, and the upper top plate is rotatably connected to the side board portion.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the bending portion includes a first bending section, a second bending section and a third bending section, the upper top plate, the first bending section, the second bending section and the third bending section are connected in sequence, the outer side of the third bending section and the first bending section and the second bending section surround the groove, and the inner side of the third bending section surrounds the second opening.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a first sealing member is provided on a surface of the main board portion facing the second opening, and an upper end of the third bent section abuts against the first sealing member.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a second sealing member is provided at the bottom of the groove, and the side plate portion abuts against the second sealing member.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lower cover plate is provided with a first locking member, the first locking member includes a first handle and a first locking tongue, the first handle is connected to the first locking tongue, the first handle is located on the lower surface of the lower cover plate, and the first locking tongue is located in the accommodating space, suitable for locking and fixing the lower cover plate and the lower top plate.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the upper cover is provided with a second locking member, the second locking member includes a second handle, a support frame and a second locking tongue, the second handle is arranged on the support frame, the second handle is connected to the second locking tongue, the support frame is connected to the lower surface of the upper cover, the second locking tongue is located in the accommodating space, and is suitable for locking and fixing the upper cover and the upper top plate.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulic cylinder is provided on the upper surface of the lower cover plate, a fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the lower cover plate, and a piston end of the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the lower top plate.

[0013] The present invention also provides a rail vehicle, comprising the roof structure as described above.

[0014] The above one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: The roof structure of the embodiment of the present invention is mainly composed of a lower top plate, a lower cover plate and a telescopic ladder. The lower top plate is provided with a first opening, and the upper space of the lower top plate can be constructed as an accommodating space. The lower cover plate is provided at the first opening. One end of the telescopic ladder is movably connected to the lower cover plate, and the other end can be telescopically controlled to control the volume and telescopic length of the telescopic ladder.

[0015] When the lower cover is in the closed position, the lower cover closes the first opening, and the telescopic ladder is retracted into the accommodating space. In the process of switching the lower cover from the closed position to the open position, the lower cover moves relative to the lower top plate, the first opening is gradually opened, and the telescopic ladder moves synchronously with the movement of the lower cover to leave the accommodating space, and extends from the first opening to the floor of the vehicle compartment and is fixed. When the lower cover is in the open position, the lower cover leaves the first opening, the telescopic ladder extends to the floor of the vehicle compartment, and a ladder is built between the floor of the vehicle compartment and the roof. In the process of switching the lower cover from the open position to the closed position, the lower cover moves relative to the lower top plate, the first opening is gradually closed, and the telescopic ladder moves synchronously with the movement of the lower cover to approach the accommodating space, and retracts from the first opening to the accommodating space from the floor of the vehicle compartment.

[0016] The present invention proposes a roof structure with a retractable ladder for climbing to the roof. By arranging the retractable ladder inside the roof, the lower cover plate is opened when needed, and the retractable ladder is pulled out, so that people inside the carriage can climb to the roof directly. It can achieve the purpose of people inside the carriage directly reaching the roof, especially when the train encounters special situations such as fire and flood, the cabin staff and passengers need to take emergency shelter, and the people can directly climb to the roof without going through the side door or end door of the train, so as to protect the safety of people and property.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower cover plate of a roof structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention being closed; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a roof structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention with a lower cover plate opened; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper cover plate of a roof structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention being opened; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 An enlarged view of a part A; Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the first locking member and the second locking member of the roof structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the first locking member and the second locking member of the roof structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a second locking member of a roof structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals: 100, lower top plate; 110, accommodating space; 120, first opening; 200, lower cover; 210, first locking member; 211, first handle; 213, first locking tongue; 220, hydraulic cylinder; 230, fixing seat; 300, telescopic ladder; 310, foot pad; 400, upper top plate; 410, second opening; 420, groove; 421, second sealing member; 430, first bending section; 440, second bending section; 450, third bending section; 460, hinge; 500, upper cover; 510, main board; 520, side board; 530, first sealing member; 540, second locking member; 541, second handle; 542, support frame; 543, second locking tongue. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0025] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the roof structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a lower top plate 100, a lower cover plate 200 and a telescopic ladder 300. The upper part of the lower top plate 100 is provided with an accommodating space 110, and the lower top plate 100 is provided with a first opening 120 connected to the accommodating space 110; the lower cover plate 200 is covered on the first opening 120 and is movably connected to the lower top plate 100; the telescopic ladder 300 is movably connected to the lower cover plate 200, and the lower cover plate 200 is suitable for switching between an open position and a closed position. In the open position, the telescopic ladder 300 extends from the first opening 120 in the accommodating space 110 to the lower part of the lower top plate 100. In the closed position, the telescopic ladder 300 retracts from the lower part of the lower top plate 100 from the first opening 120 back into the accommodating space 110.

[0027] The roof structure of the embodiment of the present invention is mainly composed of a lower top plate 100, a lower cover plate 200 and a telescopic ladder 300. The lower top plate 100 is provided with a first opening 120. The upper space of the lower top plate 100 can be constructed as an accommodating space 110. The lower cover plate 200 is covered at the first opening 120. One end of the telescopic ladder 300 is movably connected to the lower cover plate 200, and the other end can be telescopically controlled to control the volume and telescopic length of the telescopic ladder 300.

[0028] When the lower cover 200 is in the closed position, the lower cover 200 closes the first opening 120, and the telescopic ladder 300 is retracted into the accommodating space 110. In the process of switching the lower cover 200 from the closed position to the open position, the lower cover 200 moves relative to the lower top plate 100, and the first opening 120 is gradually opened. The telescopic ladder 300 moves synchronously with the movement of the lower cover 200 to leave the accommodating space 110, and extends from the accommodating space 110 from the first opening 120 to the floor of the vehicle compartment and is fixed to the lower cover 200. 00When in the open position, the lower cover 200 leaves the first opening 120, and the telescopic ladder 300 extends to the floor of the vehicle compartment, building a ladder between the floor of the vehicle compartment and the roof. When the lower cover 200 is switched from the open position to the closed position, the lower cover 200 moves relative to the lower top plate 100, and the first opening 120 is gradually closed. The telescopic ladder 300 moves synchronously with the movement of the lower cover 200 to approach the accommodating space 110, and shrinks from the first opening 120 from the floor of the vehicle compartment to the accommodating space 110.

[0029] The present invention proposes a roof structure with a retractable ladder for climbing to the roof. By arranging the retractable ladder 300 inside the roof, the lower cover 200 is opened when necessary, and the retractable ladder 300 is pulled out, so that people inside the carriage can climb to the roof. People inside the carriage can directly reach the roof, especially when the train encounters special situations such as fire and flood, and the cabin staff and passengers need to take emergency shelter, the personnel can directly climb to the roof without going through the side door or end door of the train, so as to protect the safety of people and property.

[0030] like Figure 3As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the roof structure further includes an upper roof plate 400 and an upper cover plate 500. The upper roof plate 400 is connected to the lower roof plate 100 and encloses an accommodation space 110. The upper roof plate 400 is provided with a second opening 410. The upper cover plate 500 is covered on the second opening 410 and is movably connected to the upper roof plate 400. In this embodiment, the roof structure is composed of the lower roof plate 100, the lower cover plate 200, the telescopic ladder 300, the upper roof plate 400 and the upper cover plate 500. The edge of the upper roof plate 400 is connected to the edge of the lower roof plate 100 to form the main structure of the roof. The upper roof plate 400 is supported above the lower roof plate 100. The space enclosed between the upper roof plate 400 and the lower roof plate 100 is the accommodation space 110. The upper roof plate 400 is provided with a second opening 410 at a position corresponding to the first opening 120 of the lower roof plate 100. The upper cover plate 500 is covered on the second opening 410.

[0031] When the lower cover plate 200 is opened and the telescopic ladder 300 is pulled out, after the telescopic ladder 300 builds a ladder between the accommodating space 110 and the car floor, personnel can reach the lower top plate 100 and the accommodating space 110 through the telescopic ladder 300. After opening the upper cover plate 500, personnel can pass through the accommodating space 110 to reach the outside of the upper top plate 400, thereby achieving the purpose of reaching the top.

[0032] In order to ensure the air tightness and water tightness in the carriage and reduce the air resistance during the travel of the rail vehicle, the present invention sets a double-layer cover plate of an upper cover plate 500 and a lower cover plate 200 to close the telescopic ladder 300. The lower cover plate 200 and the upper cover plate 500 are equipped with elastic rubber rings at the edges, forming an interference fit with the second opening 410 of the upper top plate 400 and the first opening 120 of the lower top plate 100, and the sealing effect is achieved by the squeezing force of the upper cover plate 500 and the lower cover plate 200. In addition, the outer contour of the upper cover plate 500 is consistent with the car body, which helps to reduce the additional wind resistance generated when the train is running and improve energy efficiency.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the upper cover plate 500 includes a main board portion 510 and a side plate portion 520, the side plate portion 520 is located at the edge of the main board portion 510, and the main board portion 510 is vertically connected to the side plate portion 520, the upper top plate 400 is provided with a bending portion at the edge of the second opening 410, a groove 420 is surrounded on the inner side of the bending portion, the side plate portion 520 is located in the groove 420, and the upper top plate 400 is rotatably connected to the side plate portion 520.

[0034] In this embodiment, the upper cover plate 500 is mainly composed of a main plate portion 510 and a side plate portion 520. The upper cover plate 500 is an L-shaped structure. The side plate portion 520 is equivalent to the bent portion at the edge of the upper cover plate 500. The main plate portion 510 is used to cover the first opening 120, and the side plate portion 520 is vertically connected to the main plate portion 510. The upper top plate 400 is bent at the edge of the first opening 120 to form a bent portion, and a groove 420 is constructed inside the bent portion. The side plate portion 520 is located in the groove 420. The side plate portion 520 is rotatably connected to the upper top plate 400 through a hinge, and the groove 420 can provide space for the side plate portion 520 to rotate.

[0035] When the upper cover 500 is in the open position, the side plate 520 is in a horizontal state and is located at the notch of the groove 420. When the upper cover 500 is in the closed position, the side plate 520 is in a vertical state and is located inside the groove 420. The structure of the upper cover 500 and the upper top plate 400 at the second opening 410 is designed to match the structure, so that when the upper cover 500 is in the closed position, the upper surface of the main plate 510 is flush with the upper surface of the upper top plate 400, so as to maintain the flatness of the roof structure. In other embodiments, a waterproof and dustproof seal can also be provided at the position where the second opening 410 matches the upper cover 500 to prevent water from entering the accommodating space 110 between the upper top plate 400 and the lower top plate 100. An elastic rubber ring is provided at the edge of the upper cover 500, and the rubber ring is interference fit around the second opening 410, and the structural seal is achieved by the extrusion force of the upper cover 500.

[0036] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the bending portion includes a first bending section 430, a second bending section 440 and a third bending section 450, the upper top plate 400, the first bending section 430, the second bending section 440 and the third bending section 450 are connected in sequence, the outer side of the third bending section 450 and the first bending section 430 and the second bending section 440 form a groove 420, and the inner side of the third bending section 450 forms a second opening 410.

[0037] In this embodiment, the bending portion is mainly composed of a first bending section 430, a second bending section 440 and a third bending section 450. The bending portion is equivalent to a structure formed by the upper top plate 400 bending at the second opening 410. The first bending section 430 is vertically arranged and vertically connected to the upper top plate 400, the second bending section 440 is horizontally arranged and vertically connected to the first bending section 430, the second bending section 440 is vertically connected to the third bending section 450, and the first bending section 430 and the third bending section 450 are arranged opposite to each other to form a concave structure at the edge of the second opening 410.

[0038] The groove 420 of the upper top plate 400 with a concave structure can ensure the surface flatness of the upper top plate 400 while achieving the connection with the upper cover plate 500 .

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a first sealing member 530 is provided on the surface of the main board portion 510 facing the second opening 410, and the upper end of the third bent section 450 abuts against the first sealing member 530. In this embodiment, the first sealing member 530 is provided on the lower surface of the main board portion 510 near the side plate portion 520, and when the upper cover plate 500 is in the closed position, the upper end of the third bent section 450 abuts against the first sealing member 530, and sealing is achieved at the position of the bent portion and the upper cover plate 500.

[0040] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a second sealing member 421 is provided at the bottom of the groove 420, and the side plate portion 520 abuts against the second sealing member 421. In this embodiment, the second sealing member 421 is provided on the upper surface of the second bending section 440, and when the upper cover plate 500 is in the closed position, the lower end of the side plate portion 520 abuts against the second sealing member 421, and sealing is achieved at the position of the bending portion and the upper cover plate 500.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first seal 530 and the second seal 421 cooperate to achieve double sealing at the connection between the upper top plate 400 and the upper cover plate 500, further improving the sealing effect of the roof structure. In other embodiments, the first seal 530 and the second seal 421 can be set at will.

[0042] In this embodiment, the upper top plate 400 is connected to the side plate portion 520 of the upper cover plate 500 by setting a bending portion structural groove 420. The upper cover plate 500 and the upper top plate 400 are hinge-articulated and rotatably connected. In other implementations, the upper top plate 400 can also be connected to the upper cover plate 500 in other forms, such as a horizontal push-pull type.

[0043] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the lower cover 200 is provided with a first locking member 210, the first locking member 210 includes a first handle 211 and a first locking tongue 213, the first handle 211 is connected to the first locking tongue 213, the first handle 211 is located on the lower surface of the lower cover 200, and the first locking tongue 213 is located in the accommodating space 110, which is suitable for locking and fixing the lower cover 200 and the lower top plate 100.

[0044] In this embodiment, the lower cover 200 is provided with a first locking member 210, and the first locking member 210 is composed of a first handle 211 and a first locking tongue 213. The first handle 211 is connected to the first locking tongue 213 through a rotating shaft. The rotation of the first handle 211 drives the first locking tongue 213 to rotate. When the lower cover 200 is in the closed position, the first handle 211 is located below the lower cover 200, and the first locking tongue 213 is located in the accommodating space 110 above the lower cover 200. The first locking tongue 213 overlaps the edge of the first opening 120. When the lower cover 200 is switched from the closed position to the open position, the first handle 211 is rotated, the first locking tongue 213 is rotated away from the edge of the first opening 120, the first locking member 210 is unlocked, and the first handle 211 is pulled downward to open the lower cover 200. When the lower cover 200 is switched from the open position to the closed position, the lower cover 200 is pushed upward to the first opening 120, the first handle 211 is rotated, the first locking tongue 213 is rotated back to the edge of the first opening 120, the first locking member 210 is locked, and the lower cover 200 is closed.

[0045] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the upper cover 500 is provided with a second locking member 540, and the second locking member 540 includes a second handle 541, a support frame 542 and a second locking tongue 543. The second handle 541 is arranged on the support frame 542, and the second handle 541 is connected to the second locking tongue 543. The support frame 542 is connected to the lower surface of the upper cover 500. The second locking tongue 543 is located in the accommodating space 110, which is suitable for locking and fixing the upper cover 500 and the upper top plate 400.

[0046] In this embodiment, the upper cover 500 is provided with a second locking member 540, and the second locking member 540 is composed of a second handle 541, a support frame 542 and a second locking tongue 543. The second handle 541 is connected to the second locking tongue 543 through a rotating shaft. The rotation of the second handle 541 drives the second locking tongue 543 to rotate. The support frame 542 is set on the lower surface of the upper cover 500. When the upper cover 500 is in the closed position, the second handle 541 is located below the upper cover 500, and the second locking tongue 543 is located in the space between the lower part of the upper cover 500 and the support frame 542. The second locking tongue 543 overlaps with the corresponding slot below the edge of the second opening 410. When the upper cover 500 is switched from the closed position to the open position, the second handle 541 is rotated, the second locking tongue 543 is rotated away from the edge of the first opening 120, the second locking member 540 is unlocked, and the second handle 541 is pushed upward to open the upper cover 500. When the upper cover 500 is switched from the open position to the closed position, the upper cover 500 is pulled downward to the second opening 410, the second handle 541 is rotated, the second locking tongue 543 is rotated back to the edge of the second opening 410, the second locking member 540 is locked, and the upper cover 500 can be closed.

[0047] In other embodiments, in order to ensure that the telescopic ladder 300 is in a stable state when not in operation, the present invention is particularly designed with a set of locking parts. When the lock tongue reaches the closed position, a recess is provided on the top plate to match the arc protrusion of the lock tongue to prevent the lock tongue from sliding out of the locked position. The mechanism is mainly composed of a rotatable handle, a lock tongue and a support frame. When the lock tongue enters the locked position, the recess on the baffle will match the arc protrusion of the lock tongue to prevent the lock tongue from sliding out of the locked position, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the entire system.

[0048] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulic cylinder 220 is provided on the upper surface of the lower cover plate 200, the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder 220 is rotatably connected to the lower cover plate 200, and the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder 220 is rotatably connected to the lower top plate 100. In this embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder 220 is further provided between the lower cover plate 200 and the lower top plate 100 for connection. During the opening and closing process of the lower cover plate 200, the hydraulic cylinder 220 can ensure the opening and closing speed of the lower cover plate 200, and provide a buffer force for the opening and closing of the lower cover plate 200.

[0049] During the opening process of the lower cover plate 200, the hydraulic cylinder 220 controls the opening speed of the lower cover plate 200 to prevent the telescopic ladder 300 from extending and sliding down rapidly due to gravity. During the closing process of the lower cover plate 200, the hydraulic cylinder 220 controls the closing speed of the lower cover plate 200 to prevent the lower cover plate 200 from closing too quickly and causing the telescopic ladder 300 and the upper roof to be hit.

[0050] Considering the impact force that may be generated during the opening and closing of the lower cover plate 200, the present invention introduces a hydraulic cylinder 220 as an auxiliary device. The hydraulic cylinder 220 can not only provide appropriate buffering when opening or closing the lower cover plate 200 to avoid damage caused by sudden movements, but also help the user to easily complete the operation of the lower cover plate 200, thereby improving the convenience and safety of use.

[0051] In this embodiment, the telescopic ladder 300 can adopt a circular arc parallel four-link interlocking structure ladder. Usually, the telescopic ladder 300 is set in the accommodating space 110 of the roof structure, and the telescopic ladder 300 is enclosed in the shed structure composed of the upper top plate 400 and the lower top plate 100 by using the upper and lower double-layer cover plates, and the structure is simple. When the personnel inside the carriage need to climb to the top, the lower cover plate 200 is opened, and the telescopic ladder 300 is pulled open. One end of the telescopic ladder 300 is hinged to the fixing seat 230 on the lower cover plate 200, and the other end is provided with a foot pad 310. The foot pad 310 of the telescopic ladder 300 is closely attached to the floor of the carriage. The personnel move along the telescopic ladder 300 toward the first opening 120. When the personnel are about to reach the roof position, the upper cover plate 500 is opened again, and the purpose of the personnel climbing to the top can be achieved. In other embodiments, a similar antenna pull rod type can also be used to achieve telescopic storage, or even a rope ladder can be directly placed in the accommodating space 110.

[0052] In order to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of the train, the outer contour of the upper cover 500 is consistent with the car body. At the same time, in order to ensure the airtightness in the car, an elastic rubber ring is provided at the edge of the lower cover 200. The rubber ring is interference fit around the first opening 120, and the structural sealing is achieved by relying on the extrusion force of the lower cover 200.

[0053] The present invention adds a telescopic ladder 300 to the roof structure of a rail vehicle to enable people inside the vehicle to reach the roof. The telescopic ladder 300 uses an arc-shaped parallel four-link interlocking structure to achieve ladder extension and retraction. The rail vehicle provided by the present invention is described below. The rail vehicle described below and the roof structure described above can be referred to each other.

[0054] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a rail vehicle, comprising the roof structure of the above embodiment.

[0055] The rail vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention has a roof structure with a telescopic ladder 300. The telescopic ladder 300 with an arc-shaped parallelepiped interlocking mechanism can be completely stored in the accommodating space 110 of the roof structure when not in use, saving space and not affecting the normal operation of the train. When it is needed, the telescopic ladder 300 can be smoothly deployed to provide a stable climbing path for personnel. This design is optimized for the rail transit environment and ensures its ease of operation and reliability.

[0056] Traditional escape methods mostly rely on side doors or end doors to evacuate people, but in some extreme conditions (such as flooding in subway tunnels), these exits may be blocked. The roof structure with a telescopic ladder 300 provided by the present invention opens up a new escape route for passengers, especially when there is no external rescue platform, which greatly improves the emergency response speed and success rate.

[0057] In addition to being used for escaping in emergency situations, the telescopic ladder 300 can also be used in daily maintenance work, such as cleaning the top air conditioning equipment or checking the signal system, etc. It simplifies the work process of the staff, reduces unnecessary risks, and indirectly improves the service quality of passengers.

[0058] The present invention not only solves practical problems, but also promotes technological innovation in the field of rail transit to a certain extent. For example, in future development, it is possible to consider integrating an intelligent control system to automatically adjust the state of the telescopic ladder 300 according to environmental changes; or combining virtual reality technology to simulate various escape scenarios in advance to further enhance the public's safety awareness.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roof structure, characterized in that: include: A lower top plate (100), wherein an accommodating space (110) is provided at an upper portion of the lower top plate (100), and the lower top plate (100) is provided with a first opening (120) communicating with the accommodating space (110); A lower cover plate (200), the lower cover plate (200) covering the first opening (120) and movably connected to the lower top plate (100); A telescopic ladder (300), the telescopic ladder (300) being movably connected to the lower cover plate (200), the lower cover plate (200) being suitable for switching between an open position and a closed position, wherein in the open position, the telescopic ladder (300) extends from the accommodating space (110) through the first opening (120) to the lower portion of the lower top plate (100), and in the closed position, the telescopic ladder (300) retracts from the lower portion of the lower top plate (100) through the first opening (120) back into the accommodating space (110).

2. The roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An upper top plate (400), the upper top plate (400) being connected to the lower top plate (100) and enclosing the accommodating space (110), and the upper top plate (400) being provided with a second opening (410); An upper cover plate (500), the upper cover plate (500) covers the second opening (410) and is movably connected to the upper top plate (400).

3. The roof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper cover plate (500) comprises a main plate portion (510) and a side plate portion (520), wherein the side plate portion (520) is located at the edge of the main plate portion (510), and the main plate portion (510) and the side plate portion (520) are vertically connected, and the upper top plate (400) is provided with a bending portion at the edge of the second opening (410), and a groove (420) is formed on the inner side of the bending portion, and the side plate portion (520) is located in the groove (420), and the upper top plate (400) is rotatably connected to the side plate portion (520).

4. The roof structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bending portion comprises a first bending section (430), a second bending section (440) and a third bending section (450); the upper top plate (400), the first bending section (430), the second bending section (440) and the third bending section (450) are connected in sequence; the outer side of the third bending section (450) and the first bending section (430) and the second bending section (440) form the groove (420); the inner side of the third bending section (450) forms the second opening (410).

5. The roof structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first sealing member (530) is provided on the surface of the main plate portion (510) facing the second opening (410), and the upper end of the third bent section (450) is in contact with the first sealing member (530).

6. The roof structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second sealing member (421) is provided at the bottom of the groove (420), and the side plate portion (520) abuts against the second sealing member (421).

7. The roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower cover plate (200) is provided with a first locking member (210), the first locking member (210) comprising a first handle (211) and a first locking tongue (213), the first handle (211) being connected to the first locking tongue (213), the first handle (211) being located on the lower surface of the lower cover plate (200), the first locking tongue (213) being located in the accommodating space (110), and being suitable for locking and fixing the lower cover plate (200) and the lower top plate (100).

8. The roof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper cover plate (500) is provided with a second locking member (540), the second locking member (540) comprising a second handle (541), a support frame (542) and a second locking tongue (543), the second handle (541) being arranged on the support frame (542), the second handle (541) being connected to the second locking tongue (543), the support frame (542) being connected to the lower surface of the upper cover plate (500), the second locking tongue (543) being located in the accommodating space (110), and being suitable for locking and fixing the upper cover plate (500) and the upper top plate (400).

9. The roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A hydraulic cylinder (220) is provided on the upper surface of the lower cover plate (200), a fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder (220) is rotatably connected to the lower cover plate (200), and a piston end of the hydraulic cylinder (220) is rotatably connected to the lower top plate (100).

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle roof structure comprises the roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images