Carbon adsorption humic acid organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a carbon adsorption humic acid organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a carbon adsorption material and graphene into a fermented humic acid solution, carrying out carbon adsorption at 50-150 DEG C, carrying out solid-liquid separation, adding a stabilizer into the obtained liquid, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fertilizer. Compared with humic acid, the carbon adsorption humic acid organic fertilizer prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the following advantages in the aspect of improving the soil fertility: 1) the decomposition of the humic acid is delayed; (2) the stability of humic acid is improved; and (3) nutrients required by plants are provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of organic fertilizers. Background Art

[0002] Soil is composed of minerals formed by weathering of rocks, organic matter produced by the decomposition of animal and plant, microbial residues, soil organisms (solid phase matter), water (liquid phase matter), air (gas phase matter), oxidized humus, etc. Soil organic matter is an important component of the solid phase of soil and one of the main sources of plant nutrition. A higher content of soil organic matter can provide a good living environment for beneficial microorganisms, allowing beneficial bacteria to gradually develop into dominant bacteria, inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria, and the plants themselves grow strong and strong due to the good soil conditions, and their disease resistance is enhanced, which will significantly reduce the occurrence of diseases, especially root rot, white rot, dead seedlings, rotten roots, withered yellow and other soil-borne and seed-borne diseases. And when the content of soil organic matter is high, crops root quickly, have more secondary roots, increase the amount of roots, have a large contact area with the soil, and have a strong ability to absorb water and nutrients, thereby enhancing the crop's resistance to drought, flood, frost and other stresses.

[0003] However, according to monitoring statistics, the organic carbon storage of 1 meter thick soil in my country is 37 billion tons, which is about half of that in the United States. The average organic matter content of cultivated soil in my country is only 24.6g / kg, and the area with a content below 20g / kg accounts for 44.71%. The organic matter content of cultivated soil in the Northeast Black Soil Region and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has declined rapidly, which is 2 / 3 and 1 / 2 of that more than 40 years ago, respectively, seriously affecting the sustainable development of agriculture. In order to make up for the adverse effects of low organic matter content on the growth and development of crops, it is necessary to apply fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for a long time, but long-term excessive or long-term application of fertilizers will cause the soil pH to decrease, which will cause stress on soil, plants and microorganisms. At the same time, my country's organic waste resources are very rich, with about 900 million tons of crop straw per year, about 280 million tons of forestry "three wastes" per year, about 400 million tons of urban organic household waste per year, and about 3.8 billion tons of livestock and poultry manure per year, but the efficiency of clean and efficient conversion of these organic resources into soil organic matter is not high, and there is a risk of wasting resources and polluting the environment.

[0004] Humic acid is the main component of soil organic matter, accounting for 60-90% of soil organic matter. It can provide carbon and nitrogen sources for the life activities of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, increase the number of beneficial bacteria, effectively improve the rhizosphere environment, and promote the growth of crops. In recent years, humic acid fertilizers have become the first choice for fertilizer manufacturers to produce multifunctional organic-inorganic compound fertilizers because they can improve medium and low-yield soils, fertilize high-yield soils, eliminate the disadvantages of long-term use of chemical fertilizers that deteriorate soil properties and reduce fertility, and have a significant effect on increasing production in the same year, with an increase rate of 20-45%, high utilization rate, and can use organic resources as the main raw material to achieve clean and efficient use of organic resources. In addition, humic acid fertilizer can improve soil texture, increase organic matter content and cation exchange, and improve soil physical and chemical properties; inhibit acidic substances to reduce the opening of stomata, so that plants and soil retain more water; promote root development, increase root activity, and allow roots to absorb more water and nutrients, improving crop drought resistance; can be used as a plant growth regulator to increase oxidase activity and other metabolic activities in plants, stimulating plant growth; can also degrade pesticide residues and reduce environmental pollution. Although humic acid fertilizer has many advantages, the effective period of humic acid fertilizer is short, generally only 8 to 12 days. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer, which can significantly increase the effective period of the humic acid.

[0006] The present invention also provides a carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of the carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the method for preparing the carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer of the present invention is:

[0008] A method for preparing a carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing a carbon adsorption material and graphene into a fermented humic acid solution, performing carbon adsorption at 50-150° C., then performing solid-liquid separation, and adding a stabilizer into the obtained liquid and mixing the mixture uniformly to obtain the organic fertilizer.

[0009] Compared with humic acid, the carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer prepared by the method of the present invention has the following advantages in improving soil fertility:

[0010] 1) Delaying the decomposition of humic acid: Humic acid is easily degraded by microorganisms in the soil, and the degradation rate is relatively fast. The organic fertilizer of the present invention can delay the decomposition rate of humic acid, so that it can play a role in the soil for a longer time, thereby improving the durability of soil fertility.

[0011] 2) Improve the stability of humic acid: Humic acid is easily combined with soil particles in the soil and loses its activity, reducing its effectiveness to plants. The organic fertilizer of the present invention can improve the stability of humic acid, so that it can better maintain its activity and increase its effective supply to plants.

[0012] 3) Provide nutrients needed by plants: Charcoal adsorbed humic acid contains rich organic matter and nutrients, which can provide nutrients for plant growth. Charcoal adsorbed humic acid can enrich some important nutrient elements, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., further increase the nutrient content in the soil, and provide better nutritional conditions.

[0013] The fermented humic acid solution used in the present invention is obtained by fermenting a humic acid solution, for example, a humic acid solution with a concentration of 20 to 60% can be fermented at room temperature for 1 to 3 days. The homogeneity and diffusivity of humic acid can be improved by fermentation.

[0014] Furthermore, the carbon adsorption material is activated carbon and / or charcoal.

[0015] In order to improve the adsorption capacity of the carbon adsorption material and graphene, the carbon adsorption material and graphene are further heat-treated at 500°C to 800°C before being mixed into the fermented humic acid solution; the heat treatment time is 1.5 to 3.5 hours. For example, the heat treatment temperature is 650°C and the time is 2.5 hours.

[0016] Furthermore, the total mass of the carbon adsorption material and graphene is 0.1-0.5%, for example 0.3%, of the mass of the fermented humic acid solution.

[0017] Furthermore, the carbon adsorption time is 3 to 5 hours; and the system is stirred during the carbon adsorption process.

[0018] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the carbon adsorption material to the graphene is 1-10:0.1-5, for example, 3:1.

[0019] Furthermore, the particle sizes of the carbon adsorption material and graphene are both 20-100 meshes.

[0020] Furthermore, the stabilizer is boric acid and 4-hydroxycoumarin, and the mass ratio of boric acid to 4-hydroxycoumarin is 0.8-1.2:1, for example, 1:1. During the addition of the stabilizer, the temperature of the liquid is controlled to be 50-150°C, for example, 100°C.

[0021] Furthermore, the amount of stabilizer added is 0.1-0.5% of the mass of the liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation, for example 0.3%.

[0022] The technical solution adopted by the carbon adsorption humic acid organic fertilizer of the present invention is:

[0023] A carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer prepared by adopting the above-mentioned method for preparing the carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer.

[0024] The carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer of the present invention is prepared by the above-mentioned carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer preparation method, which can enhance the stability and durability of humic acid, improve the water retention capacity and nutrient supply capacity of the soil, and thus more effectively improve the soil fertility effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is the number of soil microorganisms at each classification level in different treatments in Experimental Example 3;

[0026] Figure 2 It is the proportion of each phylum of soil microorganisms in different treatments in Experimental Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] The preparation method of the carbon adsorption humic acid organic fertilizer of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0030] 1) heat treating activated carbon with a mesh size of 20 to 100 and graphene with a mesh size of 20 to 100 at 650° C. for 2.5 hours;

[0031] 2) controlling the temperature of the fermented humic acid solvent at 100° C., adding the heat-treated activated carbon and graphene to the fermented humic acid solution and stirring for 4 hours to complete carbon adsorption to obtain a mixed solution;

[0032] The mass ratio of activated carbon to graphene is 3:1, and the total mass of activated carbon and graphene added to each ton of fermented humic acid solution is 3 kg. The fermented humic acid solution is obtained by fermenting a 40% humic acid solution at room temperature for 2 days.

[0033] 3) The mixed solution obtained in step 2) is subjected to vacuum filtration treatment using a vacuum filter to separate the carbon material and the carbon-adsorbed humic acid to obtain a carbon-adsorbed humic acid solution;

[0034] 4) The temperature of the carbon adsorbed humic acid solution obtained by vacuum filtration in step 3) is controlled at 100° C., and boric acid and 4-hydroxycoumarin as stabilizers are added and stirred for 4 hours. After the test is qualified, stirring is stopped to obtain carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer; the total mass of boric acid and 4-hydroxycoumarin added to each ton of carbon adsorbed humic acid solution is 3 kg, and the mass ratio of boric acid to 4-hydroxycoumarin is 1:1.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] The carbon-adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer of this embodiment is prepared by the preparation method of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, which will not be described again here.

[0037] The carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizers used in the following experimental examples were all prepared by the preparation method of the carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer of Example 1 of the present invention, and the carbon-free adsorbed humic acid used was the humic acid solution fermented in step 2) of Example 1.

[0038] Experimental Example 1: Experiment on the application of carbon adsorption of humic acid organic fertilizer on corn

[0039] 1. Experimental design:

[0040] This experiment adopts a plot experiment, with 5 treatments and 3 repetitions. Each treatment uses 6 rows, with a row length of 15 meters and a plot area of ​​63 square meters. Isolation rows are set between plots, and protection rows are set outside the plot.

[0041] Treatment 1: Apply 10 kg of diammonium phosphate, 5 kg of urea, and 5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu as base fertilizer at one time. Apply 10 kg of urea per mu during the jointing period and spray 30 kg of clean water.

[0042] Treatment 2: Apply 10 kg of diammonium phosphate, 5 kg of urea, and 5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu as base fertilizer at one time, and spray 30 kg of clean water during the jointing period;

[0043] Treatment 3: Apply 10 kg of diammonium phosphate, 5 kg of urea, and 5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu as base fertilizer at one time, and spray 100 ml of charcoal-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer with 30 kg of water on the leaves during the jointing stage;

[0044] Treatment 4: Apply 10 kg of diammonium phosphate, 5 kg of urea, and 5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu as base fertilizer at one time, and spray 250 ml of carbon-free humic acid with 30 kg of water on the leaves during the jointing period;

[0045] Treatment 5: Apply 10 kg of diammonium phosphate, 5 kg of urea and 5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu as base fertilizer at one time. During the jointing stage, spray 250 ml of charcoal-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer with 30 kg of water on the leaves.

[0046] 2. Field management:

[0047] Fertilization, sowing, tillage and weeding were carried out as usual, and both the treatment and control areas were completed within one day.

[0048] 3. Observation record items:

[0049] (I) Observation records of fertilizer efficiency field tests

[0050] 1. Test arrangement:

[0051] Test location: Shuanglong Village, Jiefang Township, Yian County Farmer name: Liu

[0052] Trial period: May 2, 2022 to September 27, 2022

[0053] Experimental design: Plot comparison test, number of experimental treatments: 5

[0054] Repeat times: 3 times, cell area: 63 square meters

[0055] 2. Basic information of the test site

[0056] Soil type: thick loess chernozem soil Soil texture: medium soil

[0057] Fertility level: Medium Representative area: 2635 acres

[0058] Basic physical and chemical properties of soil:

[0059] Organic matter 23.6g / kg Total nitrogen 3.16g / kg

[0060] Available phosphorus 18.7mg / kg Available potassium 196.3mg / kg

[0061] 3. Field operation

[0062] Crop variety for test: Zhedan 37, sowing time: May 2, fertilization time and quantity: May 2, treatment 1, treatment 2, treatment 3, treatment 4, treatment 5 are all 10 kg diammonium phosphate, 5 kg urea, 5 kg potassium sulfate per mu, as a one-time application of base fertilizer; treatment 1 mu in the jointing stage was topdressed with 10 kg urea, and the rest were not topdressed. In addition, during the jointing stage:

[0063] Treatment 1 and 2 were sprayed with 30 kg of clean water; Treatment 3 was sprayed with 100 ml of carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer mixed with 30 kg of water on the leaves; Treatment 4 was sprayed with 250 ml of carbon-free humic acid mixed with 30 kg of water on the leaves; Treatment 5 was sprayed with 250 ml of carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer mixed with 30 kg of water on the leaves.

[0064] Other agricultural activities and disasters: High temperature and little rain in spring.

[0065] 4. Biological characteristics

[0066] In terms of growth, treatment 5 was better than the other treatments. The corn root system was well-developed, the plants were strong, and the ears were large and neat.

[0067] 5. Test result record

[0068] 1) The corn was harvested on September 27, 2022. Three points were randomly selected for each treatment, and one square meter of corn plants were selected from each point. The yield was calculated after harvesting. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0069] Table 1 Effects of each treatment on corn yield

[0070] Unit: kg

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] (II) Corn growth stages and growth potential

[0074] The time of sowing period, emergence period, jointing period, heading period and maturity period of corn in each treatment was recorded respectively. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0075] Table 2 The situation of each treatment corn at each growth stage

[0076]

[0077] From Table 1 and Table 2 above, it can be seen that there is no significant difference in the growth period among the five treatments. In terms of growth, treatment 5 is better than the other treatments, with a well-developed corn root system, strong plants, and large and neat ears.

[0078] (III) Indoor testing and variance analysis

[0079] 1) Field yield surveys were conducted for each treatment, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0080] Table 3 Field yield survey results

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] As can be seen from Table 3 above, compared with treatment 1, treatment 2 showed a decrease in yield, while treatments 3, 4 and 5 all increased yield. The highest increase was in treatment 5, with an average increase of 32.1 kg per mu of corn yield, and an increase rate of 6.5%.

[0084] 2) The data in Table 3 were subjected to variance analysis, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0085] Table 4 Results of variance analysis

[0086] Sources of variation DF SS MS F <![CDATA[F 0.05 ]]> <![CDATA[F 0.01 ]]> Between blocks 2 3.7 1.85 4.4 4.46 8.65 Processing room 4 462.37 115.59 274.68 3.84. 7.01 error 8 3.37 0.42 Total variation 14 469.44

[0087] From Table 4 above, we can see that the inter-block F value is 4.4, which is less than F 0.05 , indicating that the soil fertility is uniform, the error from the test site is small, and the test data is accurate and reliable. The F value between treatments is 274.68, which is greater than F 0.01 , indicating that there were extremely significant differences among the five treatments.

[0088] 3) Based on the data in Table 3, the LSR method was used to compare the significance of the differences among the treatments:

[0089] i) Calculate the minimum significant range of the new multiple range test. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0090] Table 5 Calculation results of the minimum significant range of the new multiple range test

[0091]

[0092] ii) Table 6 shows the significance of differences among treatments (SSR test).

[0093] Table 6 Significant differences among treatments

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] As can be seen from the above table, treatment 5 is extremely significantly different from other treatments; treatment 4 is not significantly different from treatment 3, but significantly different from treatment 1, and extremely significantly different from treatment 2; treatment 3 is not significantly different from treatment 1, but extremely significantly different from treatment 2; treatment 1 is extremely significantly different from treatment 2.

[0097] IV. Conclusion

[0098] The charcoal adsorption humic acid organic fertilizer of the present invention has a very good effect on corn. In the jointing stage of corn, 100 ml of charcoal adsorption humic acid organic fertilizer, 250 ml of non-charcoal adsorption humic acid, and 250 ml of charcoal adsorption humic acid organic fertilizer are sequentially sprayed on the leaves of 30 kg of water. Compared with conventional fertilization, there is an increase in yield effect. The charcoal adsorption humic acid organic fertilizer with 250 ml per mu has the best effect. The application of 250 ml of charcoal adsorption humic acid organic fertilizer per mu not only replaces 10 kg of urea topdressing, but also shows that the corn has a well-developed root system, the plant is strong, and the ear is large and neat, with an average increase of 32.1 kg of corn per mu, and the yield increase rate is 6.5%, reaching a very significant level. Comprehensive experiments show that the charcoal adsorption humic acid organic fertilizer has a longer lasting period than ordinary humic acid and low cost.

[0099] Experimental Example 2: Experiment on humic acid organic fertilizer adsorption by soybean charcoal

[0100] 1. Experimental design:

[0101] This experiment adopts a plot experiment with 4 treatments and 3 replications. Each treatment uses 6 rows, with a row length of 10 meters and a plot area of ​​42 square meters.

[0102] Treatment 1: Conventional fertilization, 9 kg of diammonium phosphate, 2 kg of urea, and 5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu, and spraying 30 kg of clean water during the initial flowering period of soybeans.

[0103] Treatment 2: Apply 9 kg of diammonium phosphate, 2 kg of urea, and 5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu. At the initial flowering stage of soybeans, spray the leaves with 100 ml of fertilizer promoter mixed with 30 kg of water.

[0104] Treatment 3: Apply 9 kg of diammonium phosphate, 2 kg of urea, and 5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu. At the initial flowering stage of soybeans, use 250 ml of carbon-free adsorbed humic acid and spray it on the leaves with 30 kg of water.

[0105] Treatment 4: Apply 9 kg of diammonium phosphate, 2 kg of urea, and 5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu. At the initial flowering stage of soybeans, use 250 ml of carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer and spray it on the leaves with 30 kg of water.

[0106] 2. Observation Record Items

[0107] (I) Observation records of fertilizer efficiency field tests

[0108] 1. Test arrangement:

[0109] Test location: Shuanglong Village, Jiefang Township, Yian County Farmer name: Liu

[0110] Trial period: May 3, 2022 to September 28, 2022

[0111] Experimental design: Plot comparison test, number of experimental treatments: 4

[0112] Repeat times: 3 times, cell area: 42 square meters

[0113] 2. Basic information of the test site

[0114] Soil type: thick loess chernozem soil Soil texture: medium soil

[0115] Fertility level: Medium Representative area: 1548 acres

[0116] Basic physical and chemical properties of soil:

[0117] Organic matter 25.3g / kg, total nitrogen 3.28g / kg

[0118] Available phosphorus 19.3mg / kg, available potassium 201.6mg / kg

[0119] 3. Field operation

[0120] Test crop variety: Heinong 50, sowing time: May 3, fertilization time and quantity:

[0121] On May 3, 9 kg of diammonium phosphate, 2 kg of urea and 5 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu in treatment 1, treatment 2, treatment 3 and treatment 4 as base fertilizer. At the early flowering stage of soybean, 30 kg of clean water was sprayed in treatment 1; 100 ml of fertilizer promoter (purchased from Henan Yuandong Bioengineering Company), 250 ml of carbon-free adsorbed humic acid and 250 ml of carbon-adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer were sprayed on the leaves with 30 kg of water in treatment 2, treatment 3 and treatment 4 respectively.

[0122] Other agricultural activities and disasters: High temperature and little rain in spring.

[0123] 4. Biological characteristics

[0124] In terms of growth, treatment 4 was better than the other treatments, with tall plants and dark green leaves.

[0125] 5. Test result record

[0126] The soybean harvest time is September 28, 2022. Three points were randomly selected for each treatment, and one square meter of soybean plants were selected from each point. The yield was calculated after harvesting. The results are shown in Table 7.

[0127] Table 7 Effect of each treatment on soybean yield Unit: kg

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] (II) Various growth stages and growth potential of soybeans

[0131] The time data (month-day) of the soybeans in each treatment at the sowing period, seedling period, flowering period, podding period and maturity period were recorded respectively. The results are shown in 8.

[0132] Table 8 Growth period of soybeans in each treatment

[0133]

[0134] From Tables 7 and 8 above, it can be seen that there is no significant difference in the growth period among the four treatments. In terms of growth, treatment 4 is better than the other treatments, with tall plants and dark green leaves.

[0135] (III) Indoor testing and variance analysis

[0136] 1) Field yield surveys were conducted for each treatment. The results are shown in Table 9.

[0137] Table 9 Field yield survey results

[0138]

[0139]

[0140] As can be seen from Table 9 above, compared with treatment 1, treatments 2, 3, and 4 all increased yields, with treatment 4 having the highest yield increase, with an average increase of 12.5 kg of soybean per mu and an increase rate of 8.8%.

[0141] 2) The data in Table 9 were subjected to variance analysis, and the results are shown in Table 10.

[0142] Table 10 Results of variance analysis

[0143] Sources of variation DF SS MS F <![CDATA[F 0.05 ]]> <![CDATA[F 0.01 ]]> Between blocks 2 0.13 0.06 2.71 5.14 10.9 Processing room 3 1.04 0.35 14.89 4.76 9.78 error 6 0.14 0.02 Total variation 11 1.31

[0144] From the table above, we can see that the inter-block F value is 2.71, which is less than F 0.05 , indicating that the soil fertility is uniform, the error from the test site is small, and the test data is accurate and reliable. The F value between treatments is 14.89, which is greater than F 0.01 , indicating that there were extremely significant differences among the four treatments.

[0145] 3) Based on the data in Table 9, the LSR method was used to compare the significance of the differences among the treatments:

[0146] i) Calculate the minimum significant range of the new multiple range test. The results are shown in Table 11.

[0147] Table 11 Calculation results of the minimum significant range of the new multiple range test

[0148]

[0149] ii) Table 12 shows the significance of differences among the treatments (SSR test).

[0150] Table 12 Significance of differences among treatments

[0151]

[0152] As can be seen from the above table, treatment 4 is significantly different from treatment 3, and extremely significantly different from treatment 2 and treatment 4; treatment 3 is not significantly different from treatment 2, and is significantly different from treatment 1; treatment 2 is not significantly different from treatment 1.

[0153] Conclusion

[0154] The application of Naian Hercules fertilizer promoter produced by Henan Far East Bioengineering Co., Ltd. has a good effect on soybeans. In the initial flowering period of soybeans, 100 ml of fertilizer promoter, 250 ml of carbon-free adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer, and 250 ml of carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer are used in turn, and sprayed on the leaves with 30 kg of water. Compared with conventional fertilization, they all have an increase in yield effect. The best effect is to use 250 ml of carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer per mu. The soybean plants show tallness and dark green leaves. The average soybean yield per mu increased by 12.5 kg, and the yield increase rate is 8.8%, reaching a very significant level.

[0155] Experimental Example 3: Effects of carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer on soil environment

[0156] The demonstration and test base of charcoal adsorption humic acid organic fertilizer was selected in Qianchai Village, Fanpo Town, Yuzhou City, Henan Province. The soil type is brown soil, light soil, medium fertility level, no obvious obstacle factors, flat terrain, uniform fertility, and convenient drainage and irrigation. Soil organic matter 15.4g·kg -1 , soil moisture 25.2%, total nitrogen 0.91g·kg -1 , Available phosphorus 10.7mg·kg -1 , slow-release potassium 736 mg·kg -1 , fast-acting potassium 119 mg kg -1 , soil bulk density 1.39g·cm -3 , year-round wheat-summer corn rotation.

[0157] 1. Experimental Design

[0158] The experiment set up two treatments, each with an area of ​​10 mu, and the wheat variety was Zhoumai 28. The control wheat field was not sprayed with carbon-absorbed humic acid products, and the demonstration wheat field was sprayed with 250g of carbon-absorbed humic acid organic fertilizer products per mu during the wheat greening period.

[0159] During the harvest period, soil from the cultivated layer with different treatments was collected from multiple points. Multiple soil samples were taken from each plot and mixed evenly. Gravel and plant roots were removed. The samples were sieved through a 2 mm sieve, packed in sterile ziplock bags, and immediately brought back to the laboratory and stored at -20°C.

[0160] 2. Determination Method

[0161] The total nitrogen in the soil was determined by the Kjeldahl method, the total phosphorus was determined by the alkali fusion method, the total potassium was determined by the alkali fusion method, the pH was determined by the potentiometric method, and the density and total porosity were determined by the ring knife method; the aggregates were determined by the pipette method, and the soil microorganisms were analyzed by modern molecular biology technology and high-throughput sequencing. The wheat yield was determined by actual harvesting and seed analysis, and finally converted to 667m 2 of production.

[0162] 3. Data Processing

[0163] The original data were sorted by software and statistically analyzed using SPSS19.0 software, and correlation analysis was performed on soil nitrogen, pH, total porosity, aggregates, soil microorganisms and wheat yield.

[0164] 4. Results and Analysis

[0165] 4.1 Effects of charcoal-adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer on soil total nitrogen, pH, total porosity, and aggregates

[0166] As shown in Table 13, the total nitrogen content of the demonstration soil increased by 0.131 g·kg compared with the control soil. -1 , pH decreased by 0.13, gradually tending to neutral, total porosity increased by 5.2%, and aggregates (2.0 mm to 0.05 mm) increased by 70.7 g·kg -1 This shows that carbon-adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer can increase the total nitrogen content in the soil, improve soil pH, increase soil porosity, and improve soil aggregates, which is beneficial to the growth and development of crops and enables crops to achieve high yields and harvests.

[0167] Table 13 Effects of different treatments on soil nitrogen, pH, total porosity and aggregates

[0168] deal with <![CDATA[Total nitrogen (g·kg -1 )]]> pH Total porosity (%) <![CDATA[Agglomerate (g·kg -1 )]]> Comparison 0.821 7.93 29.9 327 demonstration 0..952 7.80 35.1 398

[0169] 4.2 Effects of charcoal-adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer on soil microorganisms

[0170] 4.2.1 Effects of charcoal-adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer on soil microbial diversity

[0171] The diversity index is an important indicator of soil microbial community diversity, including species richness and species uniformity. The larger the Chao 1 or ACE index, the higher the richness of the community, and the larger the Simpson diversity index or Shannon diversity index, the higher the richness and uniformity of the community. As shown in Table 14, the Chao 1 index, ACE index, Simpson diversity index, and Shannon diversity index of the soil treated with carbon-adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer are higher than those of the control, indicating that carbon-adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer can increase the diversity of microorganisms in the soil.

[0172] Table 14 Biodiversity index of different treatments

[0173] deal with chaol ACE simpson shannon Comparison 312.0 334.6 0.8126 4.809 demonstration 415.0 434.7 0.9467 6.168

[0174] 4.2.2 Effects of charcoal-adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer on soil microbial communities

[0175] By analyzing the OTU results obtained by sequencing, the number of bacterial groups contained in different treatments at each classification level can be obtained. Figure 1 It can be seen that the number of bacterial phyla detected in the demonstration soil and the control soil is 9, the number of classes is 16 and 18 respectively, the number of orders is 46 and 47 respectively, the number of families is 68 and 81 respectively, the number of genera is 97 and 113 respectively, and the number of species is 161 and 204 respectively. The number of bacterial groups at the class, order, family, genus, and species levels of the demonstration soil has increased. Figure 2It can be seen that the number of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes, and Crenarchaeota in the soil treated with carbon-adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer products for many years has increased. This shows that the continuous use of carbon-adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizers for many years can increase the number of certain bacterial groups in the soil, mainly including Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes, and Crenarchaeota.

[0176] In summary, the carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer of the present invention has the following advantages when directly applied:

[0177] 1) Increase soil porosity, reduce bulk density, improve soil ventilation and water permeability; significantly improve soil fertility and water retention capacity, thereby improving soil tillage properties;

[0178] 2) It effectively activates many mineral nutrients in the soil, such as calcium, magnesium, iron, sulfur and trace elements, greatly increasing the utilization rate of these elements. It can also stimulate root development and enhance the absorption and utilization of insoluble nutrients such as phosphorus and some trace elements by the root system. It has a special promoting effect on the development of crop roots, with rapid root growth, more secondary roots, increased root volume, and elongated root system, which increases the ability of crops to absorb water and nutrients;

[0179] 3) Promote seed germination, increase germination rate, promote root growth, improve the ability of crops to absorb water and nutrients, increase tillering (branches) and early maturity. At the same time, it can improve the drought and cold resistance of crops. (Generally, germination can be advanced 1-3 days, and the germination rate can be increased by 10%-30%).

Claims

1. A method for preparing carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The carbon adsorption material and graphene are mixed into the fermented humic acid solution and carbon adsorption is carried out at 50-150° C., and then the solid and liquid are separated. A stabilizer is added to the obtained liquid and mixed evenly to obtain the product.

2. The method for preparing the carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon adsorption material is activated carbon and / or charcoal.

3. The method for preparing the carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Before mixing the carbon adsorption material and graphene into the fermented humic acid solution, the carbon adsorption material and graphene are heat-treated at 500° C. to 800° C.; the heat treatment time is 1.5 to 3.5 hours.

4. The method for preparing the carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The total mass of the carbon adsorption material and the graphene is 0.1-0.5% of the mass of the fermented humic acid solution.

5. The method for preparing the carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The carbon adsorption time is 3 to 5 hours; the system is stirred during the carbon adsorption process.

6. The method for preparing the carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the carbon adsorption material to the graphene is 1-10:0.1-5.

7. The method for preparing the carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The particle sizes of the carbon adsorption material and graphene are both 20-100 meshes.

8. The method for preparing the carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The stabilizer is boric acid and 4-hydroxycoumarin; the mass ratio of boric acid to 4-hydroxycoumarin is 0.8-1.2:

1.

9. The method for preparing the carbon adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The amount of stabilizer added is 0.1 to 0.5% of the mass of the liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation.

10. A carbon-adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer prepared by the method for preparing a carbon-adsorbed humic acid organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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