Tunnel guarantee cabin with safety early warning function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel guarantee cabins, in particular to a tunnel guarantee cabin capable of safety early warning, which comprises a tunnel guarantee cabin body, a tunnel walking assembly is arranged at the lower end of the tunnel guarantee cabin body, and a guarantee cabin inner compartment is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the tunnel guarantee cabin body. According to the tunnel guarantee cabin capable of achieving safety early warning, the tunnel guarantee cabin combines a safety early warning system and a cabin body pressure sensor to monitor the internal environment of the partition cabin in the guarantee cabin in real time, and under the condition that internal equipment is damaged to cause high pressure in the cabin, the guarantee cabin can utilize an automatic pressure relief mechanism to relieve pressure in the cabin; most of high-pressure gas is effectively exhausted out of the cabin through the main pipeline exhaust pipe, meanwhile, a small part of high-pressure gas is guided to enter the residual gas concentration cabin, dual-function autonomous release of the high-pressure gas is achieved, and damage caused by too high pressure in the cabin is avoided; and a gas pushing mechanism is utilized to realize automatic opening and closing of an oxygen delivery seal, so that necessary oxygen supplementation is provided for the cabin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support cabins, in particular to a tunnel support cabin capable of providing safety warnings. Background Art

[0002] The tunnel support cabin is usually placed near the first step of the tunnel face at the construction site. One of its main functions is to provide a safe refuge for the survivors in the tunnel construction face. Therefore, the support cabin must have reliable strength, rigidity and airtightness. When accidents such as roof collapse and landslide occur on the tunnel working face, the disaster environment is very complex. As an important facility in tunnel construction and operation, the application of safety warning technology is also crucial. By installing various sensors and monitoring equipment, various parameters and conditions in the tunnel can be monitored in real time, so as to timely discover potential safety risks and take corresponding countermeasures. In addition, the tunnel support cabin can also be combined with the intelligent early warning system. At present, although the tunnel support cabin has played a certain role in safety warning and emergency refuge, there are still some technical defects.

[0003] In the prior art, there is a tunnel lifeboat structure with publication number CN204703948U, which includes a cabin body, a cabin door and an escape door hinged on the cabin body, a track connected to the bottom of the cabin body, and a ventilation system, an oxygen supply system, an air purification system, an environmental monitoring system, a communication system, and a survival support system. By configuring the ventilation system, the oxygen supply system, the air purification system, the environmental monitoring system, the communication system, and the survival support system in the cabin body, a safe refuge space can be provided for the survivors after an accident occurs, which can buffer the rescue time and effectively reduce casualties caused by the disaster; In order to solve the problem that accidents in tunnels can easily cause the deaths of trapped people, the existing technology adopts a method of equipping a rescue cabin with multiple safety systems for refuge; However, in actual use, traditional support cabins are relatively closed, which causes oxygen to be consumed quickly. Although the oxygen inside can be replenished through an oxygen generator, once a high-pressure situation occurs, the oxygen generator and air pressure regulating valve and other components in the cabin are damaged, and the air pressure system cannot be adjusted. Then, the high-pressure gas in the support cabin will quickly accumulate and the high-pressure gas cannot be released autonomously. In addition, under high-pressure and closed environments, the oxygen in the lifeboat cannot be replenished autonomously, causing people in the cabin to have difficulty breathing.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes a tunnel support cabin capable of providing safety warnings to solve the problem that the equipment in the existing tunnel support cabin is damaged, resulting in the inability to automatically release high-pressure gas and the inability to replenish oxygen autonomously. It can effectively discharge most of the high-pressure gas out of the cabin autonomously, while guiding a small part of the high-pressure gas for auxiliary oxygen supply, thereby realizing the dual function of autonomously releasing high-pressure gas. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning, comprising a tunnel support cabin body, a tunnel walking assembly is arranged at the lower end of the tunnel support cabin body, a support cabin inner compartment is fixedly installed on the inner side of the tunnel support cabin body, a safety warning system is arranged inside the support cabin inner compartment, a cabin reinforcement rib plate is fixedly added between the support cabin inner compartment and the tunnel support cabin body, the safety warning system comprises a cabin pressure sensor, the cabin pressure sensor is arranged on the inner side of the support cabin inner compartment, the output end of the cabin pressure sensor is electrically connected to a control system, a cabin oxygen generator is arranged inside the support cabin inner compartment, an oxygen supply pump is fixedly installed on the upper end of the cabin oxygen generator, an oxygen supply pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the oxygen supply pump, an oxygen supply pipe is sealed and connected to the oxygen supply pipe, a cabin oxygen concentration box is arranged at the output end of the oxygen distribution branch pipe, and a lower end inner wall of the cabin oxygen concentration box is provided There is an oxygen supply seal, the cabin oxygen concentration box is fixedly installed on the top surface of the inner cavity of the compartment in the support cabin, and an autonomous pressure relief mechanism is arranged inside the cabin oxygen concentration box, and the autonomous pressure relief mechanism includes a main exhaust pipe, a branch exhaust pipe, a residual gas concentration bin, an annular filter cover and a ventilation fan group. The upper end of the main exhaust pipe passes through the top of the compartment in the support cabin and extends to the outside of the tunnel support cabin body, the input end of the branch exhaust pipe is through-connected with the inner wall of one side of the main exhaust pipe, and the output end of the branch exhaust pipe is through-connected with the inner wall of the residual gas concentration bin, and a gas pushing component is arranged inside the residual gas concentration bin, and the residual gas concentration bin is fixedly installed on the upper end of the cabin oxygen concentration box, and the annular filter cover is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the cabin oxygen concentration box by bolts, and the ventilation fan group is arranged directly below the annular filter cover; a pressure relief port is through-connected on the inner wall of one side of the compartment in the support cabin and extends to the outside of the tunnel support cabin body.

[0007] Preferably, a central buffer cone block is movably mounted on the inner surface of the main exhaust pipe, a central groove is provided on the central inner wall of the central buffer cone block, and an inclined groove is provided at the lower end of the central buffer cone block.

[0008] Preferably, the cross-section of the central buffer cone block is a "convex"-shaped structure, and a side groove is opened on the inner wall of one side of the central buffer cone block, and the side groove is connected to the input end of the branch exhaust pipe.

[0009] Preferably, an avoidance groove is opened on the inner wall of the central groove, and the avoidance grooves are provided in four groups and are distributed in a circular array about the central axis of the central buffer cone block. A pin shaft is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower end of the avoidance groove, and the outer surface of the pin shaft is rotatably connected to a force-blocking push plate, and the back surface of the force-blocking push plate is fixedly connected to an abutment elastic wire, and the other end of the abutment elastic wire is hinged to the inner side wall of the avoidance groove.

[0010] Preferably, a bottom buffer block and a top buffer block are fixedly mounted on the inner walls at both ends of the main exhaust pipe, respectively, and limiting protrusions are fixedly mounted on the inner ring surfaces of the bottom buffer block and the top buffer block.

[0011] Preferably, a guide rod is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the limiting protrusion, and four groups of guide rods are provided, and the sliding sleeves on the lower outer surfaces of the four groups of guide rods are provided with return springs, one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom buffer block, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the center buffer cone block.

[0012] Preferably, the upper end of the residual gas concentration warehouse is connected with a pressure relief valve and extends to the outside of the tunnel support cabin body, a control valve is arranged on the inner side wall of the pressure relief valve, and a high-pressure chamber is arranged in the upper inner cavity of the residual gas concentration warehouse.

[0013] Preferably, the gas propulsion assembly includes a sealed movable baffle movably mounted on the inner side of the residual gas concentration bin, a piston rod is fixedly connected to the central lower end of the sealed movable baffle, an outer surface of the piston rod is movably connected to the inner bottom surface of the residual gas concentration bin, a piston plate is fixedly mounted on the end of the piston rod away from the sealed movable baffle, and an outer surface of the piston plate is movably engaged with the lower end inner wall of the cabin oxygen concentration box.

[0014] Preferably, a compression spring is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the sealing movable partition, and two groups of the compression springs are provided and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the piston rod, and the other ends of the two groups of compression springs are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the residual gas concentration bin.

[0015] Preferably, a bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood is fixedly installed on the lower end of the annular filter hood. The bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood is a bucket-shaped structure that is open at the top and closed at the bottom. Arc-shaped dividing grooves are evenly opened on the inner wall of the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood. The outer surface of the lower end of the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood is fixedly connected to the driving part of the ventilation fan group.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention proposes a tunnel support cabin capable of providing safety warnings. The tunnel support cabin combines a safety warning system and a cabin pressure sensor to monitor the internal environment of the cabin compartment in real time. When internal equipment is damaged, resulting in high pressure in the cabin, the support cabin can utilize an autonomous pressure relief mechanism to effectively discharge most of the high-pressure gas out of the cabin through the main exhaust pipe, while guiding a small portion of the high-pressure gas into the remaining gas concentration bin, thereby realizing dual functions to autonomously release the high-pressure gas and avoid damage caused by excessive pressure in the cabin; and utilizing a gas propulsion mechanism to realize automatic opening and closing of the oxygen supply seal, thereby providing necessary oxygen supplementation in the cabin, thereby solving the problem that the high-pressure gas cannot be automatically released and oxygen cannot be autonomously supplemented due to damage to the equipment in the existing tunnel support cabin. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support cabin of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional disassembled structural schematic diagram of the support cabin of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the support cabin of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the autonomous pressure relief mechanism of the present invention and the cabin oxygen concentration box; Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the connection between the autonomous pressure relief mechanism, the cabin oxygen generator and the cabin oxygen concentration box of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A; Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the connection between the autonomous pressure relief mechanism of the present invention and the cabin oxygen concentration box; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the surplus gas concentration bin, the annular filter cover and the ventilation fan group of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the connection between the main exhaust pipe and the branch exhaust pipe of the present invention; Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Tunnel support cabin body; 11. Tunnel walking assembly; 12. Pressure relief port; 2. Support cabin compartment; 21. Cabin reinforcement rib plate; 22. Cabin pressure sensor; 3. Cabin oxygen generator; 31. Oxygen pump; 311. Oxygen pipe; 32. Oxygen branch pipe; 4. Cabin oxygen concentration box; 41. Main exhaust pipe; 411. Center buffer cone block; 4110. Side groove; 41100. Center groove; 4111. Avoidance groove; 4112. Pin shaft; 4113. Force blocking push plate; 4114. Abutment elastic wire; 412. Bottom buffer block; 413. Top buffer block; 414. Limiting protrusion; 415. Guide rod; 416. Return spring; 42. Branch exhaust pipe; 43. Residual gas concentration bin; 4311. Pressure relief valve; 430. High-pressure chamber; 431. Sealing movable partition; 432. Piston rod; 433. Compression spring; 434. Piston plate; 44. Annular filter cover; 441. Bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust cover; 4410. Arc-shaped dividing groove; 442. Fixed collar; 4421. Piston cleaning soft brush; 45. Ventilation fan assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the present invention clearly and completely described, and the advantages more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them, and are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] For example, see Figure 1-11The present invention provides a technical solution: a tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning, comprising a tunnel support cabin body 1, a tunnel walking assembly 11 is arranged at the lower end of the tunnel support cabin body 1, a support cabin inner compartment 2 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the tunnel support cabin body 1, a safety warning system is arranged inside the support cabin inner compartment 2, a cabin reinforcement rib plate 21 is fixedly added between the support cabin inner compartment 2 and the tunnel support cabin body 1, the safety warning system comprises a cabin pressure sensor 22, the cabin pressure sensor 22 is arranged on the inner side of the support cabin inner compartment 2, the output end of the cabin pressure sensor 22 is electrically connected to the control system, a cabin oxygen generator 3 is arranged inside the support cabin inner compartment 2, an oxygen supply pump 31 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the cabin oxygen generator 3, an oxygen supply pipe 311 is fixedly connected to the output end of the oxygen supply pump 31, an oxygen distribution branch pipe 32 is sealedly connected to the oxygen distribution branch pipe 32, a cabin oxygen concentration box 4 is arranged at the output end of the oxygen distribution branch pipe 32, and a cabin oxygen concentration box 4 is arranged at the output end of the cabin oxygen concentration box 4. An oxygen supply seal is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the concentration box 4. The cabin oxygen concentration box 4 is fixedly mounted on the inner cavity top surface of the compartment 2 in the support cabin. An autonomous pressure relief mechanism is arranged inside the cabin oxygen concentration box 4. The autonomous pressure relief mechanism includes a main exhaust pipe 41, a branch exhaust pipe 42, a residual gas concentration bin 43, an annular filter cover 44 and a ventilation fan group 45. The upper end of the main exhaust pipe 41 passes through the top of the compartment 2 in the support cabin and extends to the outside of the tunnel support cabin body 1. The input end of the branch exhaust pipe 42 is connected to the inner wall of one side of the main exhaust pipe 41, and the output end of the branch exhaust pipe 42 is connected to the inner wall of the residual gas concentration bin 43. A gas push assembly is arranged inside the residual gas concentration bin 43. The residual gas concentration bin 43 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the cabin oxygen concentration box 4. The annular filter cover 44 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the cabin oxygen concentration box 4 by bolts. The ventilation fan group 45 is arranged directly below the annular filter cover 44. The tunnel support cabin combines the safety warning system and the cabin pressure sensor 22 to monitor the internal environment of the compartment 2 in the support cabin in real time. When the internal equipment is damaged and the cabin is under high pressure, the support cabin can use the autonomous pressure relief mechanism to effectively discharge most of the high-pressure gas out of the cabin through the main exhaust pipe 41, and at the same time guide a small part of the high-pressure gas into the surplus gas concentration bin 43, so as to realize the dual function of autonomously releasing the high-pressure gas and avoid damage caused by excessive pressure in the cabin; and use the gas push mechanism to realize the automatic opening and closing of the oxygen supply seal, so as to provide the necessary oxygen supplement for the cabin, thus solving the problem that the high-pressure gas cannot be automatically released and the oxygen cannot be autonomously supplemented due to the damage of the equipment in the existing tunnel support cabin; It should be noted that the safety warning system includes a cabin pressure sensor 22 and an alarm. The cabin pressure sensor 22 monitors the air pressure inside the cabin compartment 2 in real time and monitors the cabin air pressure environment in real time. Once the cabin air pressure environment is abnormal, the control system controls the pressure relief port 12 to adjust the pressure system. When emergency failures occur in various components in the cabin, the high-pressure gas in the cabin is output from the high-pressure end to the low-pressure end, thereby realizing autonomous pressure relief and autonomous oxygen supply in the cabin.

[0021] Embodiment 2, refer to the attached Figure 1-11 On the basis of the first embodiment, in order to realize the accelerated discharge of the high-pressure gas in the cabin, the present embodiment further proposes that: a central buffer cone block 411 is movably installed on the inner surface of the main exhaust pipe 41, a central groove 41100 is provided on the central inner wall of the central buffer cone block 411, and an inclined groove is provided at the lower end of the central buffer cone block 411; the cross section of the central buffer cone block 411 is a "convex"-shaped structure, a side groove 4110 is provided on the inner wall of one side of the central buffer cone block 411, and the side groove 4110 is in contact with the branch exhaust pipe 42 The input ends are connected; an avoidance groove 4111 is provided on the inner wall of the central groove 41100, and the avoidance grooves 4111 are arranged in four groups and are distributed in a circular array about the central axis of the central buffer cone block 411, and a pin shaft 4112 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower end of the avoidance groove 4111, and a force-blocking push plate 4113 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the pin shaft 4112, and an abutting elastic wire 4114 is fixedly connected to the back surface of the force-blocking push plate 4113, and the other end of the abutting elastic wire 4114 is hinged to the inner side wall of the avoidance groove 4111; In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, from a physical point of view, high-pressure gas usually tends to flow to low-pressure areas. Then, when the air pressure inside the compartment 2 in the security cabin is at a high state, the high-pressure gas is discharged to the outside of the cabin through the main exhaust pipe 41. Specifically, when the high-pressure gas first enters the main exhaust pipe 41, most of the gas is discharged through the central groove 41100, and the movable force-blocking push plate 4113 is accommodated by opening an avoidance groove 4111 on the side wall of the central groove 41100. The high-pressure gas moves upward to push the inclined surface of the force-blocking push plate 4113. At this time, the force-blocking push plate 4113 is affected by the pin shaft 4112 and the abutting elastic wire 4114 to achieve rotation, and at this time, the abutting elastic wire 4114 is compressed and deformed. At the same time, the force-blocking push plate 4113 provides a certain degree of resistance to the high-pressure gas on the inside, so that the buffering purpose is achieved, and the high-pressure gas will provide an upward thrust to the central buffer cone block 411. At this time, refer to Figure 6As shown, when the high pressure exceeds a certain level, after the central buffer cone block 411 is pushed upward, a flow channel is formed between the side groove 4110 and the branch exhaust pipe 42, and at this time, a small part of the gas entering the side groove 4110 is discharged through the side groove 4110 and the branch exhaust pipe 42, which is used for the automatic opening and closing of the oxygen supply seal of the subsequent cabin oxygen concentration box 4; it should be noted that the side groove 4110 can not only guide a small part of the high-pressure gas, but also help the auxiliary propulsion of the central buffer cone block 411, further enhance the rapid discharge of the high-pressure gas inside the compartment 2 in the security cabin, avoid the long-term accumulation of high-pressure gas in the cabin, and avoid causing headaches, tinnitus, breathing difficulties and other discomfort symptoms to the people taking shelter in the security cabin.

[0022] Embodiment 3, refer to the attached Figure 1-11 On the basis of the second embodiment, in order to achieve the stability of the central buffer cone block 411 when it moves, this embodiment further proposes: a bottom buffer block 412 and a top buffer block 413 are respectively fixedly installed on the inner walls of both ends of the main exhaust pipe 41, and a limiting protrusion 414 is fixedly installed on the inner ring surface of the bottom buffer block 412 and the top buffer block 413; a guide rod 415 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the limiting protrusion 414, and four groups of guide rods 415 are provided, and the sliding sleeves on the lower outer surfaces of the four groups of guide rods 415 are provided with a return spring 416, one end of the return spring 416 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom buffer block 412, and the other end of the return spring 416 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the central buffer cone block 411; In this embodiment, by installing a bottom buffer block 412 and a top buffer block 413 at both ends of the main exhaust pipe 41, the two ends of the movable central buffer cone block 411 can be blocked, and at the same time, the central buffer cone block 411 can be buffered to avoid damage caused by impact. The guide rod 415 passes through the inner wall of the central buffer cone block 411 to provide a stable limit for the vertical movement of the central buffer cone block 411. The return spring 416 sleeved on the outside of the guide rod 415 ensures that the central buffer cone block 411 is assisted in retracting after the pressure is balanced, and the flow channel of the side groove 4110 and the branch exhaust pipe 42 is closed. At this time, the high-pressure gas is no longer discharged into the residual gas concentration bin 43.

[0023] Embodiment 4, refer to the attached Figure 1-11On the basis of the third embodiment, in order to realize the automatic opening and closing of the oxygen supply seal on the bottom surface of the cabin oxygen concentration box 4, the present embodiment proposes: the upper end of the surplus gas concentration warehouse 43 is connected with a pressure relief valve 4311 and extends to the outside of the tunnel support cabin body 1, a control valve is arranged on the inner side wall of the pressure relief valve 4311, and a high-pressure chamber 430 is arranged in the upper inner cavity of the surplus gas concentration warehouse 43; the gas pushing component includes a sealing movable baffle 431 movably installed on the inner side of the surplus gas concentration warehouse 43, and the central lower end of the sealing movable baffle 431 is fixedly connected with an movable The plug rod 432, the outer surface of the piston rod 432 is movably connected to the inner bottom surface of the residual gas concentration bin 43, the end of the piston rod 432 away from the sealing movable partition 431 is fixedly installed with a piston plate 434, and the outer surface of the piston plate 434 is movably embedded with the lower end inner wall of the cabin oxygen concentration box 4; the lower surface of the sealing movable partition 431 is fixedly installed with a compression spring 433, and the compression spring 433 is provided with two groups and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the piston rod 432, and the other ends of the two groups of compression springs 433 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner cavity bottom surface of the residual gas concentration bin 43; In the present embodiment, a small portion of high-pressure gas enters the inner cavity of the surplus gas concentration chamber 43 through the guidance of the side groove 4110 and the branch exhaust pipe 42. At this time, the high-pressure chamber 430 is filled with high-pressure gas. Under the influence of the gas, the sealing movable baffle 431 drives the piston rod 432 to move downward, thereby driving the piston plate 434 downward. At this time, the compression spring 433 is compressed by the sealing movable baffle 431. During the downward movement of the piston plate 434, the oxygen supply seal at the bottom of the cabin oxygen concentration box 4 is gradually opened. At this time, the oxygen inside the cabin oxygen concentration box 4 is continuously replenished to the cabin body of the compartment 2 in the support cabin. It should be noted that since the cabin oxygen generator 3 produces oxygen through the opening of the oxygen pump 31, the oxygen enters the cabin oxygen concentration box 4 through the oxygen supply pipe 311 and the oxygen distribution branch pipe 32 for filling. In order to ensure that the cabin oxygen generator 3 is not in a state of continuous operation, the cabin oxygen concentration box 4 is closed after being filled with mobile oxygen, and then the autonomous and appropriate replenishment of oxygen is achieved through the guided small amount of high-pressure gas, which not only ensures the automatic supply of oxygen in the cabin, but also saves energy. It is worth noting that the top of the residual gas concentration bin 43 is connected to a pressure relief valve 4311, which can autonomously relieve the pressure in the high-pressure chamber 430.

[0024] Embodiment 5, refer to the attached Figure 1-11 On the basis of the fourth embodiment, in order to ensure the uniformity of oxygen supply in the cabin, the present embodiment further proposes that: a bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust cover 441 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the annular filter cover 44, the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust cover 441 is a bucket-shaped structure with an upper opening and a lower closing, arc-shaped dividing grooves 4410 are evenly opened on the inner wall of the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust cover 441, and the outer surface of the lower end of the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust cover 441 is fixedly connected to the driving member of the ventilation fan group 45; In this embodiment, oxygen is output through the channel connecting the annular filter cover 44 and the oxygen supply seal. When the piston plate 434 is pushed downward, its diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the annular filter cover 44. Then, oxygen is output through the gap between the piston plate 434 and the annular filter cover 44. Under the driving action of the ventilation fan group 45, the circulation of the air inside the compartment 2 in the cabin can be maintained, and the diffusion of the output oxygen can be guaranteed. Figure 8 As shown, when the oxygen is discharged through the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust cover 441, the oxygen can be divided by the uniform opening of the arc-shaped dividing grooves 4410, thereby increasing the uniformity of oxygen distribution, and the oxygen is driven downward by the ventilation fan group 45 to avoid the oxygen being in the upper layer of the cabin, thereby further enhancing the oxygen supply for the refugees; The outer surface of the piston cleaning brush 4421 is movably connected to the outer surface of the piston plate 434.

[0025] Embodiment 6, refer to the attached Figure 1-11The present invention also provides a method for using a tunnel support cabin capable of providing safety warnings, comprising the following steps: Step 1, real-time monitoring and safety warning: the safety warning system installed inside the tunnel support cabin monitors the cabin environment in real time, including key parameters such as air pressure. Once the cabin air pressure environment is abnormal, the control system controls the pressure relief port 12 to adjust the pressure system and activates the corresponding warning mechanism; Step 2, autonomous pressure relief: when the cabin equipment is damaged and high-pressure gas is generated, the autonomous pressure relief mechanism starts to work, and most of the high-pressure gas is partially discharged out of the cabin through the main exhaust pipe 41, while a small part of the high-pressure gas is guided to the inner cavity of the high-pressure chamber 430 of the residual gas concentration bin 43, and a dual autonomous pressure relief function is achieved through structures such as the gas push component; Step 3, when the high pressure exceeds a certain level, after the central buffer cone block 411 is pushed upward, a flow channel is formed between the side groove 4110 and the branch exhaust pipe 42, and at this time a small part of the gas entering the side groove 4110 passes through the side groove 4110 And the branch exhaust pipe 42 is discharged for the automatic opening and closing of the oxygen supply seal of the subsequent cabin oxygen concentration box 4; step 4, a small part of the high-pressure gas is guided into the inner cavity of the residual gas concentration chamber 43 through the side groove 4110 and the branch exhaust pipe 42. At this time, the high-pressure chamber 430 is filled with high-pressure gas. Under the influence of the gas, the sealing movable baffle 431 drives the piston rod 432 to move downward, and then drives the piston plate 434 downward. At this time, the compression spring 433 is compressed by the sealing movable baffle 431. During the downward process of the piston plate 434, the oxygen supply seal at the bottom of the cabin oxygen concentration box 4 is gradually opened. At this time, the oxygen inside the cabin oxygen concentration box 4 is continuously replenished to the cabin body of the compartment 2 in the support cabin; step 5, the oxygen is evenly distributed to the cabin through the annular filter cover 44 and the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust cover 441 to ensure that the sheltered personnel are fully supplied with oxygen. Under the driving action of the ventilation fan group 45, the circulation of the air inside the compartment 2 in the support cabin can be maintained, and the diffusion of the output oxygen can be guaranteed.

[0026] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel support cabin capable of providing safety warning, comprising a tunnel support cabin body (1), a tunnel travel assembly (11) being arranged at the lower end of the tunnel support cabin body (1), a support cabin inner compartment (2) being fixedly mounted on the inner side of the tunnel support cabin body (1), and a safety warning system being arranged inside the support cabin inner compartment (2), characterized in that: A cabin reinforcement rib plate (21) is fixedly provided between the support cabin inner compartment (2) and the tunnel support cabin body (1); the safety warning system comprises a cabin pressure sensor (22); the cabin pressure sensor (22) is arranged on the inner side of the support cabin inner compartment (2); the output end of the cabin pressure sensor (22) is electrically connected to a control system; a cabin oxygen generator (3) is provided inside the support cabin inner compartment (2); an oxygen supply pump (31) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the cabin oxygen generator (3); an oxygen supply pipe (311) is fixedly connected to the output end of the oxygen supply pump (31); an oxygen distribution branch pipe (32) is sealedly connected to the oxygen distribution branch pipe (311); a cabin oxygen concentration box (4) is provided at the output end of the oxygen distribution branch pipe (32); an oxygen supply seal is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the cabin oxygen concentration box (4); the cabin oxygen concentration box (4) is fixedly installed on the inner cavity top surface of the support cabin inner compartment (2); the cabin oxygen concentration box (4) is fixedly installed on the inner cavity top surface of the cabin oxygen concentration box (2); the cabin oxygen concentration box (4) is fixedly installed on the inner cavity top surface of the cabin oxygen concentration box (3 ... An autonomous pressure relief mechanism is arranged inside the middle box (4), and the autonomous pressure relief mechanism comprises a main exhaust pipe (41), a branch exhaust pipe (42), a residual gas concentration bin (43), an annular filter cover (44) and a ventilation fan group (45). The upper end of the main exhaust pipe (41) passes through the top of the compartment (2) in the support cabin and extends to the outside of the tunnel support cabin body (1). The input end of the branch exhaust pipe (42) is connected to the inner wall of one side of the main exhaust pipe (41). The output end of the branch exhaust pipe (42) is connected to the inner wall of the residual gas concentration bin (43). A gas pushing assembly is arranged inside the residual gas concentration bin (43). The residual gas concentration bin (43) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the cabin oxygen concentration box (4). The annular filter cover (44) is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the cabin oxygen concentration box (4) by bolts. The ventilation fan group (45) is arranged directly below the annular filter cover (44).

2. A tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: A central buffer cone block (411) is movably mounted on the inner surface of the main exhaust pipe (41), a central groove (41100) is provided on the central inner wall of the central buffer cone block (411), and an inclined groove is provided at the lower end of the central buffer cone block (411).

3. A tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the central buffer cone block (411) presents a "convex"-shaped structure, and a side groove (4110) is provided on an inner wall of one side of the central buffer cone block (411), and the side groove (4110) is connected to the input end of the branch exhaust pipe (42).

4. A tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 2, characterized in that: An avoidance groove (4111) is provided on the inner wall of the central groove (41100), and the avoidance grooves (4111) are arranged in four groups and are distributed in a circular array about the central axis of the central buffer cone block (411), and a pin shaft (4112) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower end of the avoidance groove (4111), and the outer surface of the pin shaft (4112) is rotatably connected to a force-blocking push plate (4113), and the back surface of the force-blocking push plate (4113) is fixedly connected to an abutting elastic wire (4114), and the other end of the abutting elastic wire (4114) is hinged to the inner side wall of the avoidance groove (4111).

5. The tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bottom buffer block (412) and a top buffer block (413) are fixedly mounted on the inner walls at both ends of the main exhaust pipe (41), respectively, and a limiting protrusion (414) is fixedly mounted on the inner ring surfaces of the bottom buffer block (412) and the top buffer block (413).

6. A tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 5, characterized in that: A guide rod (415) is fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the limiting protrusion (414), and four groups of the guide rods (415) are provided. The sliding sleeves on the lower outer surfaces of the four groups of guide rods (415) are provided with return springs (416), one end of the return spring (416) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom buffer block (412), and the other end of the return spring (416) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the central buffer cone block (411).

7. The tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the surplus gas concentration chamber (43) is connected to a pressure relief valve (4311) and extends to the outside of the tunnel support cabin body (1); a control valve is provided on the inner side wall of the pressure relief valve (4311); and a high-pressure chamber (430) is provided in the upper inner cavity of the surplus gas concentration chamber (43).

8. The tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gas propulsion assembly includes a sealing movable baffle (431) movably mounted on the inner side of the residual gas concentration chamber (43); a piston rod (432) is fixedly connected to the central lower end of the sealing movable baffle (431); an outer surface of the piston rod (432) is movably connected to the inner bottom surface of the residual gas concentration chamber (43); a piston plate (434) is fixedly mounted on one end of the piston rod (432) away from the sealing movable baffle (431); and an outer surface of the piston plate (434) is movably engaged with the lower inner wall of the cabin oxygen concentration box (4).

9. A tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 8, characterized in that: A compression spring (433) is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the sealing movable partition (431), and two groups of the compression springs (433) are provided and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the piston rod (432), and the other ends of the two groups of compression springs (433) are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the residual gas concentration bin (43).

10. The tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood (441) is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the annular filter hood (44); the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood (441) is a bucket-shaped structure with an upper opening and a lower closing; arc-shaped dividing grooves (4410) are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood (441); and the outer surface of the lower end of the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood (441) is fixedly connected to a driving member of the ventilation fan assembly (45).

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