Tree crown diameter measuring device and tree crown measuring method for forestry investigation and planning

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of measuring devices, and discloses a crown diameter measuring device and a crown measuring method for forestry investigation planning.The crown diameter measuring device comprises an equipment base, a theodolite and a tripod, the equipment base is installed at the top of the tripod in a quick-release mode, and an extension plate is fixedly installed on one side face of the equipment base; the equipment base is provided with a side plate, a bisecting plate, a limiting mechanism and a bisecting mechanism; according to the tree crown diameter measuring device, the distance between a measuring point and a measured tree does not need to be measured, the measuring operation of the tree crown diameter can be completed directly through the angles obtained through measurement of the measuring device at the two positions, data obtained through measurement are fewer, measurement is more convenient and faster, and the measuring device is more convenient to operate through the arrangement of the equipment base, the extension plate, the side plate, the bisection plate and the bisection mechanism. The bisecting plate points to the bisector of the included angle formed by the two side plates under the control of the bisecting mechanism, so that the theodolite is always located on the connecting line of the equipment base and the central axis of the trunk when the theodolite moves, and the measurement error is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of measuring devices, and in particular to a tree crown diameter measuring device and a tree crown measuring method for forestry investigation and planning. Background Art

[0002] When conducting forestry surveys and planning for forest resource assessment, ecological environment research, forest management, etc., measuring devices are needed to measure the trees that constitute the main body of the forest environment. The data that need to be detected include the basic growth data of the trees (including tree height, breast diameter, ground diameter and crown width, etc.), age, health status and spatial position, etc. Among them, when measuring the basic growth data of trees, the height and crown width of large trees cannot be directly measured by a tape measure or steel ruler due to their large values. Indirect measurement methods are usually used for measurement. Common indirect measurement methods include trigonometric function method, photogrammetry and laser scanning method. Among them, the trigonometric function method uses longitude and latitude instruments and tape measures, which has lower cost and more convenient equipment to carry. It is more convenient to carry into the mountains for forestry surveys. When measuring height and crown width, the same method can usually be used for measurement.

[0003] Chinese patent CN113295100B discloses a tree height and crown width measuring device and a measuring method thereof. When using the device to measure the crown diameter, it is necessary to simultaneously measure the distances h1 and h2 between the measuring point and the edges on both sides of the crown width direction, as well as the angles α1 and α2 of the crown width measuring device rotated from the initial alignment to both sides, so as to obtain the crown diameter data using a formula.

[0004] However, the above device needs to use two sensor devices, namely an angle sensor and a laser rangefinder, when measuring the crown width. A lot of data needs to be imported and it is more susceptible to accidental errors. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a crown diameter measuring device and a crown measurement method for forestry survey planning. The crown diameter measurement can be completed by only using an angle sensor to obtain the angle between the measuring point and the edges on both sides of the crown width direction, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A tree crown diameter measuring device comprises an equipment base, a theodolite and a tripod, wherein the equipment base is quickly disassembled and installed on the top of the tripod, and an extension plate is fixedly installed on one side of the equipment base, the equipment base is provided with a side plate, a bisecting plate, a limiting mechanism and a bisecting mechanism, the side plate and the bisecting plate are both rotatably installed on an end of the extension plate away from the equipment base, the limiting mechanism comprises an adjusting plate and a locking member, one end of the adjusting plate is rotatably connected to the equipment base, and the end of the side plate away from the extension plate is slidably connected to the adjusting plate, the locking member is used to lock and fix the side plate and the adjusting plate, the bisecting mechanism comprises a rotating plate and a movable member, one end of the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the side plate, and the other end of the rotating plate is movably arranged on the lower surface of the bisecting plate, and the movable member is installed on the other end of the rotating plate, and is used to make the symmetry line of the length direction of the bisecting plate and the bisector of the angle formed by the rotating plates on both sides be in the same vertical plane;

[0010] The upper surface of the bisecting plate is provided with a telescopic guide mechanism, which comprises a fixed rod, a sliding tube and a sliding seat, wherein the fixed rod is fixedly mounted on the bisecting plate, and the fixed rod is slidably sleeved with the sliding tube, and the sliding seat is slidably mounted on the sliding tube;

[0011] The theodolite is slidably mounted on a sliding seat, and a terminating mechanism is provided between the fixing rod and the sliding tube. The terminating mechanism is used to fix the vertical rotation axis of the theodolite when it is in line with the vertical rotation axes of the side plate and the bisecting plate, and the terminating mechanism can also fix the theodolite when it is away from the vertical rotation axes of the side plate and the bisecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, a fixed shaft is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the equipment base, and there is a gap between the top of the fixed shaft and the lower surface of the bisecting plate. The locking piece includes a screw and a pressure nut. One end of the adjusting plate is rotatably installed on the fixed shaft, and the adjusting plate is provided with a sliding hole passing through its upper and lower side surfaces. The screw is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the side plate, and the screw is slidably sleeved on the inner side of the sliding hole. The pressure nut is threadedly connected to the screw, and the upper surface of the pressure nut abuts against the lower surface of the adjusting plate.

[0013] Preferably, a handle is fixedly mounted on one end of the adjustment plate away from the fixed axis.

[0014] Preferably, a connecting shaft is fixedly installed at one end of the extension plate away from the equipment base, one end of the two side plates are rotatably installed on the connecting shaft, the lower surface of the bisecting plate is rotatably connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft, and the movable part includes a guide rod and a slider, the guide rod is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the bisecting plate, and the length direction of the guide rod is parallel to the symmetry line of the length direction of the bisecting plate, the slider is slidably installed on the guide rod, and the two side surfaces of the slider are rotatably connected to the two rotating plates respectively.

[0015] Preferably, a sighting scope is installed at one end of the side plate away from the connecting shaft, and an extension line of the aiming direction of the sighting scope passes through the axis of the connecting shaft.

[0016] Preferably, a fixing plate and a fixing block are fixedly installed at both ends of the fixing rod, and the fixing plate and the fixing block are fixedly installed at both ends of the upper surface of the bisecting plate, respectively. A notch is provided on the lower surface of the sliding tube, and the fixing block is slidably installed inside the notch. A notch is provided on the lower surface of the sliding seat, and a sliding groove is provided at the upper end of the notch. The sliding tube is slidably installed inside the sliding groove, and the fixed block is slidably installed on the inner side of the notch. The sliding of the sliding tube is parallel to the length direction of the bisecting plate.

[0017] Preferably, a pull plate is fixedly mounted on one end of the sliding tube.

[0018] Preferably, the termination mechanism includes a mounting plate, a limit rod, a limit socket and a limit through hole. The mounting plate is fixedly mounted on one side of the sliding seat, the limit rod passes through a side wall of the mounting plate and is slidably connected to the mounting plate, and a limit spring is also fixedly mounted between the mounting plate and the limit rod. The limit socket is provided at both ends of one of the sliding tubes, and the limit through holes are respectively provided at one of the fixing rods away from the pull plate, and the limit socket and the limit through hole are both adapted to be plugged into the limit rod.

[0019] Preferably, the termination mechanism also includes a pull rod and a locking slot, the pull rod is inserted into the end of another sliding tube away from the pull plate, and a locking spring is fixedly installed between the pull rod and the outer wall of the sliding tube, and the locking slot is opened at the end of the fixed rod close to the fixed block, and the locking slot is adapted to be inserted into the pull rod.

[0020] The present invention also discloses a tree crown measurement method for forestry survey planning, the specific steps of which are:

[0021] Install the equipment base onto the tripod bracket, making sure that one end of the extension plate's base faces away from the tree being measured;

[0022] The side plates are controlled to rotate by adjusting the plates so that the ends of the two side plates are respectively directed to the edges of the crowns of the trees to be measured, so that the bisecting plates are directed to the crowns of the trees to be measured;

[0023] Determine that the vertical rotation axis of the theodolite is collinear with the vertical rotation axes of the side plate and the bisector plate, and measure the angle α between the two side plates by the theodolite;

[0024] Push the sliding seat to move to the other end point of the telescopic guide mechanism, and use a theodolite to measure the angle β between the length direction of the bisecting plate and one side of the crown of the measured tree;

[0025] The crown diameter of the measured tree is calculated by the following formula:

[0026] R=(-2*L*sin(α / 2)*sinβ) / (sin(α / 2)-sinβ);

[0027] Wherein, R is the crown diameter, and L is the length that the theodolite 2 moves on the telescopic guide mechanism.

[0028] (III) Beneficial effects

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a tree crown diameter measuring device and a tree crown measuring method for forestry survey planning, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The crown diameter measuring device does not need to measure the distance between the measuring point and the measured tree. The crown diameter measurement operation can be completed directly through the angles measured by the measuring device at two positions. Less data is obtained from the measurement, and the measurement is more convenient and quick. By setting the equipment base, extension plate, side plate, bisection plate and bisection mechanism, when the two side plates point to the two sides of the crown respectively, the bisection plate points to the bisector of the angle formed by the two side plates under the control of the bisection mechanism, so that the theodolite is always on the line connecting the equipment base and the central axis of the tree trunk when moving, reducing the measurement error.

[0031] 2. The crown diameter measuring device can fix the side plates after the side plates are rotated by setting adjustment plates and locking parts, so as to avoid the rotation of the bisector plate when the theodolite is moved, which leads to increased measurement errors. By setting rotating plates and movable parts, when the side plates rotate, the bisector plate can rotate automatically according to the change of the angle between the two side plates, making the operation simpler and more convenient.

[0032] 3. The crown diameter measuring device is provided with a telescopic guide mechanism so that the measuring device can be extended during measurement, so that the distance between the two measuring points is larger, thereby increasing the angle difference between the two measuring points and reducing the measurement error. By providing a termination mechanism, the distance between the two measuring points is easy to control, avoiding the increase of the measurement error caused by the error in the measurement distance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the tree crown diameter measuring device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tree crown diameter measuring device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure decomposition of the tree crown diameter measuring device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is the second structural decomposition diagram of the tree crown diameter measuring device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged local structure at point A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 6 This is one of the three-dimensional structural cross-sectional views of the tree crown diameter measuring device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at B in the middle;

[0040] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at C in the middle;

[0041] Fig. 9 The second sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the tree crown diameter measuring device of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tree crown measurement method of the present invention.

[0043] In the figure:

[0044] 1. Equipment base; 11. Extension plate; 12. Fixed shaft; 13. Connecting shaft;

[0045] 2. Theodolite;

[0046] 3. Side panel; 31. Sight;

[0047] 4. Bisect the board;

[0048] 5. Limiting mechanism; 51. Adjusting plate; 511. Sliding hole; 512. Handle; 52. Locking piece; 521. Screw rod; 522. Pressure nut;

[0049] 6. Bisection mechanism; 61. Rotating plate; 62. Movable part; 621. Guide rod; 622. Sliding block;

[0050] 7. telescopic guide mechanism; 71. fixed rod; 711. fixed plate; 712. fixed block; 72. slide tube; 721. notch; 73. sliding seat; 731. notch; 732. slide groove; 74. pull plate;

[0051] 8. Termination mechanism; 81. Mounting sheet; 82. Limit rod; 83. Limit plug hole; 84. Limit through hole; 85. Limit spring; 86. Pull rod; 87. Locking slot; 88. Locking spring;

[0052] 9. Tripod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] Embodiment 1

[0055] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Fig.10 The present invention provides a tree crown diameter measuring device, including a device base 1, a theodolite 2 and a tripod 9. The device base 1 is quickly detachably mounted on the top of the tripod 9, and an extension plate 11 is fixedly mounted on one side of the device base 1. The device base 1 is provided with a side plate 3, a bisecting plate 4, a limiting mechanism 5 and a bisecting mechanism 6. The side plate 3 and the bisecting plate 4 are both rotatably mounted on one end of the extension plate 11 away from the device base 1. The limiting mechanism 5 includes an adjusting plate 51 and a locking member 52. One end of the adjusting plate 51 is fixedly mounted on the device base 1. The seat 1 is rotatably connected, and one end of the side plate 3 away from the extension plate 11 is slidably connected to the adjustment plate 51. The locking member 52 is used to lock and fix the side plate 3 and the adjustment plate 51. The bisection mechanism 6 includes a rotating plate 61 and a movable member 62. One end of the rotating plate 61 is rotatably connected to the side plate 3, and the other end of the rotating plate 61 is movably arranged on the lower surface of the bisection plate 4. The movable member 62 is installed at the other end of the rotating plate 61, and is used to make the symmetry line in the length direction of the bisection plate 4 and the bisector of the angle formed by the rotating plates 61 on both sides be in the same vertical plane;

[0056] The upper surface of the bisecting plate 4 is provided with a telescopic guide mechanism 7, which includes a fixed rod 71, a slide tube 72 and a sliding seat 73. The fixed rod 71 is fixedly mounted on the bisecting plate 4, and the fixed rod 71 is slidably sleeved with the slide tube 72, and the sliding seat 73 is slidably mounted on the slide tube 72.

[0057] The theodolite 2 is slidably mounted on a sliding seat 73, and a terminating mechanism 8 is provided between the fixing rod 71 and the sliding tube 72. The terminating mechanism 8 is used to fix the vertical rotation axis of the theodolite 2 when it is in line with the vertical rotation axis of the side plate 3 and the bisector plate 4. At the same time, the terminating mechanism 8 can also fix the theodolite 2 when it is away from the vertical rotation axis of the side plate 3 and the bisector plate 4.

[0058] As can be seen from the above, the crown diameter measuring device does not need to measure the distance between the measuring point and the measured tree. The crown diameter measurement operation can be completed directly through the angles measured by the measuring device at two positions. Less data is obtained by measurement, and the measurement is more convenient and quick. By setting the equipment base 1, the extension plate 11, the side plate 3, the bisecting plate 4 and the bisecting mechanism 6, when the two side plates 3 point to the two sides of the crown respectively, the bisecting plate 4 is controlled by the bisecting mechanism 6 to point to the bisector of the angle formed by the two side plates 3, so that the theodolite 2 is always on the line connecting the equipment base 1 and the central axis of the trunk when it moves, reducing the measurement error. By setting the adjustment plate 51 and the locking member 52, the side plate 3 can be fixed after the side plate 3 rotates, avoiding the situation that the bisecting plate 4 rotates when the theodolite 2 is moved, resulting in an increase in the measurement error. By setting the rotating plate 61 and the movable member 62, when the side plate 3 rotates, the bisecting plate 4 can rotate automatically according to the change of the angle between the two side plates 3, making the operation simpler and more convenient.

[0059] When using the device, install the device base 1 on the tripod support, determine the direction of the extension plate 11 so that one end of the device base 1 faces away from the tree to be measured;

[0060] The side plates 3 are controlled to rotate by adjusting the plate 51 so that the ends of the two side plates 3 are respectively directed to the edges of the crown of the tree to be measured, so that the bisecting plate 4 is directed to the crown of the tree to be measured;

[0061] Determine that the vertical rotation axis of the theodolite 2 is collinear with the vertical rotation axes of the side panels 3 and the bisector panel 4, and measure the angle α between the two side panels 3 by the theodolite 2;

[0062] Push the sliding seat 73 to move to the other end point of the telescopic guide mechanism 7, and use the theodolite 2 to measure the angle β between the length direction of the bisecting plate 4 and one side of the crown of the measured tree;

[0063] The crown diameter of the measured tree is calculated by the following formula:

[0064] R=(-2*L*sin(α / 2)*sinβ) / (sin(α / 2)-sinβ);

[0065] Wherein, R is the crown diameter, and L is the length that the theodolite 2 moves on the telescopic guide mechanism 7.

[0066] In this embodiment, the position of the axis of the measured crown is set to O, the position of the first measuring point is set to E, the distance from the first measuring point to the axis of the measured crown is set to M, the position of the first measuring point is set to F, and the distance from the second measuring point to the axis of the measured crown is set to N. Since the bisector 4 is located on the bisector of the angle between the two side plates 3, EO and FO are on the same straight line. The three points of the measuring point, the axis of the crown and the measured crown edge can form a right triangle. The straight line segments where EO and FO are located are the hypotenuses of different right triangles, and the opposite sides of the angles α and β in the two right triangles are the crown radius r. Therefore, the crown radius r=M*sinα / 2)=N*sinβ can be obtained;

[0067] Since N = ML;

[0068] It can be seen that M = -L*sinβ / sinα / 2)-sinβ);

[0069] Therefore, the crown diameter R = 2r = 2*M*sinα / 2) = -2*L*sinα / 2)*sinβ) / sinα / 2)-sinβ).

[0070] Embodiment 2

[0071] like Figure 1 - Figure 4 and Fig. 9 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment lies in that a fixed shaft 12 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the equipment base 1, and there is a gap between the top of the fixed shaft 12 and the lower surface of the bisecting plate 4. The locking member 52 includes a screw 521 and a pressure nut 522. One end of the adjustment plate 51 is rotatably installed on the fixed shaft 12, and the adjustment plate 51 is provided with a sliding hole 511 passing through the upper and lower side surfaces thereof. The screw 521 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the side plate 3, and the screw 521 is slidably sleeved on the inner side of the sliding hole 511. The pressure nut 522 is threadedly connected to the screw 521, and the upper surface of the pressure nut 522 abuts against the lower surface of the adjustment plate 51.

[0072] As can be seen from the above, by setting the screw 521, when the side plate 3 rotates, the screw 521 slides inside the sliding hole 511, driving the adjustment plate 51 to rotate. When the pressure nut 522 is tightened, the pressure nut 522 and the side plate 3 clamp the adjustment plate 51, so that the sliding hole 511 cannot slide relative to the screw 521, thereby achieving a fixing effect.

[0073] A handle 512 is fixedly mounted on one end of the adjustment plate 51 away from the fixed shaft 12 .

[0074] As can be seen from the above, by providing the handle 512 , the rotation of the side plate 3 can be controlled by rotating the adjustment plate 51 .

[0075] The end of the extension plate 11 away from the equipment base 1 is fixedly installed with a connecting shaft 13, one end of the two side plates 3 are rotatably installed on the connecting shaft 13, the lower surface of the bisecting plate 4 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft 13, and the movable part 62 includes a guide rod 621 and a slider 622, the guide rod 621 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the bisecting plate 4, and the length direction of the guide rod 621 is parallel to the symmetry line of the length direction of the bisecting plate 4, the slider 622 is slidably installed on the guide rod 621, and the two side surfaces of the slider 622 are rotatably connected to the two rotating plates 61 respectively.

[0076] As can be seen from the above, due to the arrangement of the guide rod 621 and the slider 622, when the side plate 3 rotates, the rotating plate 61 is driven to rotate, thereby pulling the slider 622 to slide on the guide rod 621, so that the bisecting plate 4 can always be located on the bisector of the angle between the two side plates 3.

[0077] A sighting mirror 31 is installed at one end of the side plate 3 away from the connecting shaft 13 , and an extension line of the sighting direction of the sighting mirror 31 passes through the axis of the connecting shaft 13 .

[0078] As can be seen from the above, by providing the sighting mirror 31, when adjusting the direction of the side plate 3, it is convenient to align with the side edge of the tree crown.

[0079] Embodiment 3

[0080] like Figure 5 - Fig. 9 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment lies in that a fixing plate 711 and a fixing block 712 are fixedly installed at both ends of the fixing rod 71, respectively. The fixing plate 711 and the fixing block 712 are fixedly installed at both ends of the upper surface of the bisecting plate 4, respectively. A notch 721 is provided on the lower surface of the sliding tube 72, and the fixing block 712 is slidably installed inside the notch 721. A notch 731 is provided on the lower surface of the sliding seat 73, and a sliding groove 732 is provided at the upper end of the notch 731. The sliding tube 72 is slidably installed inside the sliding groove 732, and the fixing block 712 is slidably installed on the inner side of the notch 731. The sliding of the sliding tube 72 is parallel to the length direction of the bisecting plate 4.

[0081] As can be seen from the above, due to the setting of the notch 721, the groove 731 and the slide groove 732, the fixing rod 71 is slidably connected to the slide tube 72, and both ends are fixed to the upper surface of the bisecting plate 4, so that the sliding seat 73 can pass through the position of the fixed block 712 when sliding.

[0082] As can be seen from the above, a pull plate 74 is fixedly mounted on one end of the sliding tube 72 .

[0083] The pull plate 74 is provided to facilitate pulling the slide tube 72 to slide.

[0084] The termination mechanism 8 includes a mounting plate 81, a limiting rod 82, a limiting socket 83 and a limiting through hole 84. The mounting plate 81 is fixedly mounted on one side of the sliding seat 73. The limiting rod 82 passes through a side wall of the mounting plate 81 and is slidably connected to the mounting plate 81. A limiting spring 85 is also fixedly mounted between the mounting plate 81 and the limiting rod 82. The limiting socket 83 is provided at both ends of one of the sliding tubes 72. The limiting through hole 84 is respectively provided at one end of one of the fixed rods 71. The limiting socket 83 and the limiting through hole 84 are both adapted to be plugged into the limiting rod 82.

[0085] The termination mechanism 8 also includes a pull rod 86 and a locking slot 87. The pull rod 86 is inserted into the end of another sliding tube 72 away from the pull plate 74, and a locking spring 88 is fixedly installed between the pull rod 86 and the outer wall of the sliding tube 72. The locking slot 87 is opened at one end of the fixing rod 71 close to the fixing block 712, and the locking slot 87 is adapted to be inserted into the pull rod 86.

[0086] As can be seen from the above, when the limit rod 82 passes through the limit hole 83, the sliding seat 73 is fixed on the sliding tube 72, and the theodolite 2 is fixed relative to the sliding tube 72; when the limit rod 82 is inserted into the limit hole 83 at one end of the sliding tube 72 close to the fixed plate 711 and is also inserted into the limit through hole 84, the vertical rotation axis of the theodolite 2 is collinear with the vertical rotation axis of the side plate 3 and the bisector plate 4, which serves as one of the measuring points; and when the pull rod 86 is inserted into the locking slot 87, the length of the fixed rod 71 extending out of the sliding tube 72 is the largest. On this basis, when the limit rod 82 is inserted into another limit hole 83, the theodolite 2 moves to the position farthest from the vertical rotation axis of the side plate 3 and the bisector plate 4, which serves as the second measuring point. In this embodiment, the distance between the above two measuring points remains unchanged.

[0087] Embodiment 4

[0088] See also Figure 1 - Fig.10 The present invention also discloses a tree crown measurement method for forestry survey planning, the specific steps are:

[0089] Install the equipment base 1 on the tripod support, and make sure that one end of the extension plate 11 is facing away from the tree to be measured;

[0090] The side plates 3 are controlled to rotate by adjusting the plate 51 so that the ends of the two side plates 3 are respectively directed to the two side edges of the crown of the measured tree, so that the bisecting plate 4 is directed to the crown of the measured tree;

[0091] Determine that the vertical rotation axis of the theodolite 2 is collinear with the vertical rotation axes of the side panels 3 and the bisector panel 4, and measure the angle α between the two side panels 3 by the theodolite 2;

[0092] Push the sliding seat 73 to move to the other end point of the telescopic guide mechanism 7, and use the theodolite 2 to measure the angle β between the length direction of the bisecting plate 4 and one side of the crown of the measured tree;

[0093] The crown diameter of the measured tree is calculated by the following formula:

[0094] R=-2*L*sinα / 2)*sinβ) / sinα / 2)-sinβ);

[0095] Wherein, R is the crown diameter, and L is the length that the theodolite 2 moves on the telescopic guide mechanism 7.

[0096] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tree crown diameter measuring device, comprising a device base, a theodolite and a tripod, characterized in that: The device base is quickly disassembled and installed on the top of the tripod, and an extension plate is fixedly installed on one side of the device base, and a side plate, a bisecting plate, a limiting mechanism and a bisecting mechanism are arranged on the device base, and the side plate and the bisecting plate are both rotatably installed on the end of the extension plate away from the device base, and the limiting mechanism includes an adjusting plate and a locking member, one end of the adjusting plate is rotatably connected to the device base, and the end of the side plate away from the extension plate is slidably connected to the adjusting plate, and the locking member is used to lock and fix the side plate and the adjusting plate, and the bisecting mechanism includes a rotating plate and a movable member, one end of the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the side plate, and the other end of the rotating plate is movably arranged on the lower surface of the bisecting plate, and the movable member is installed on the other end of the rotating plate, and is used to make the symmetry line in the length direction of the bisecting plate and the bisector of the angle formed by the rotating plates on both sides be in the same vertical plane; The upper surface of the bisecting plate is provided with a telescopic guide mechanism, which comprises a fixed rod, a sliding tube and a sliding seat, wherein the fixed rod is fixedly mounted on the bisecting plate, and the fixed rod is slidably sleeved with the sliding tube, and the sliding seat is slidably mounted on the sliding tube; The theodolite is slidably mounted on a sliding seat, and a terminating mechanism is provided between the fixing rod and the sliding tube. The terminating mechanism is used to fix the vertical rotation axis of the theodolite when it is in line with the vertical rotation axes of the side plate and the bisecting plate, and the terminating mechanism can also fix the theodolite when it is away from the vertical rotation axes of the side plate and the bisecting plate.

2. A tree crown diameter measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed shaft is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the equipment base, and there is a gap between the top of the fixed shaft and the lower surface of the bisecting plate. The locking piece includes a screw and a pressure nut. One end of the adjusting plate is rotatably installed on the fixed shaft, and the adjusting plate is provided with a sliding hole running through its upper and lower side surfaces. The screw is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the side plate, and the screw is slidably sleeved on the inner side of the sliding hole. The pressure nut is threadedly connected to the screw, and the upper surface of the pressure nut abuts against the lower surface of the adjusting plate.

3. A tree crown diameter measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A handle is fixedly mounted on one end of the adjustment plate away from the fixed shaft.

4. A tree crown diameter measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting shaft is fixedly installed at one end of the extension plate away from the equipment base, one end of the two side plates are rotatably installed on the connecting shaft, the lower surface of the bisecting plate is rotatably connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft, the movable part includes a guide rod and a slider, the guide rod is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the bisecting plate, and the length direction of the guide rod is parallel to the symmetry line of the length direction of the bisecting plate, the slider is slidably installed on the guide rod, and the two side surfaces of the slider are rotatably connected to the two rotating plates respectively.

5. A tree crown diameter measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sighting mirror is installed at one end of the side plate away from the connecting shaft, and an extension line of the sighting mirror's aiming direction passes through the axis of the connecting shaft.

6. A tree crown diameter measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing plate and a fixing block are fixedly installed at both ends of the fixing rod, and the fixing plate and the fixing block are fixedly installed at both ends of the upper surface of the bisecting plate, respectively. A notch is provided on the lower surface of the sliding tube, and the fixing block is slidably installed inside the notch. A notch is provided on the lower surface of the sliding seat, and a sliding groove is provided at the upper end of the notch. The sliding tube is slidably installed inside the sliding groove, and the fixed block is slidably installed on the inner side of the notch. The sliding of the sliding tube is parallel to the length direction of the bisecting plate.

7. A tree crown diameter measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pull plate is fixedly mounted on one end of the sliding tube.

8. A tree crown diameter measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The termination mechanism includes a mounting plate, a limit rod, a limit socket and a limit through hole. The mounting plate is fixedly mounted on a side surface of the sliding seat. The limit rod passes through a side wall of the mounting plate and is slidably connected to the mounting plate. A limit spring is also fixedly mounted between the mounting plate and the limit rod. The limit socket is provided at both ends of one of the sliding tubes. The limit through holes are respectively provided at one of the fixing rods away from the pull plate. The limit socket and the limit through hole are both adapted to be plugged into the limit rod.

9. The tree crown diameter measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The termination mechanism also includes a pull rod and a locking slot. The pull rod is inserted into the end of another sliding tube away from the pull plate, and a locking spring is fixedly installed between the pull rod and the outer wall of the sliding tube. The locking slot is opened at the end of the fixed rod close to the fixed block, and the locking slot is adapted to be inserted into the pull rod.

10. A tree crown measurement method for forestry survey planning, using a tree crown diameter measurement device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps are: Install the equipment base onto the tripod bracket, making sure that one end of the extension plate's base faces away from the tree being measured; The side plates are controlled to rotate by adjusting the plates so that the ends of the two side plates are respectively directed to the edges of the crowns of the trees to be measured, so that the bisecting plates are directed to the crowns of the trees to be measured; Determine that the vertical rotation axis of the theodolite is collinear with the vertical rotation axes of the side plate and the bisector plate, and measure the angle α between the two side plates by the theodolite; Push the sliding seat to move to the other end point of the telescopic guide mechanism, and use a theodolite to measure the angle β between the length direction of the bisecting plate and one side of the crown of the measured tree; The crown diameter of the measured tree is calculated by the following formula: R=(-2*L*sin(α / 2)*sinβ) / (sin(α / 2)-sinβ); Wherein, R is the crown diameter, and L is the length that the theodolite 2 moves on the telescopic guide mechanism.

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