Systems, apparatuses, and methods for normalization and quantization using channel state information (CSI)

Abstract

A computerized method performed by a first device. The method has the following steps: normalizing real and imaginary parts of parameters of a channel between the first device and the second device to a first bit size; and quantizing the normalized real part and imaginary part of the parameter to obtain a channel state information (CSI) coefficient of a second bit size for feedback to the second device.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 392,215 filed on July 26, 2022 and U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application No. 18 / 134,743 filed on April 14, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure generally relates to wireless systems, apparatuses, and methods using channel state information (CSI), and more particularly to wireless systems, apparatuses, and methods using quantized CSI normalization. Background Art

[0004] In wireless communication, channel estimation is usually required to obtain the channel matrix of the link between two communication devices. For example, the initiator can send predefined symbols to the responder. The responder can use the received symbols to estimate the channel matrix and feed back the estimated channel matrix as the coefficients of the channel state information (CSI) to the initiator. The CSI coefficients are quantized.

[0005] More specifically, the real and imaginary parts of the elements of the channel matrix are quantized to a predefined target bit size N using the CSI quantization function b (that is, the target number of bits), and feeds back the quantized real and imaginary parts of the elements of the channel matrix as CSI coefficients to the initiator. Since these CSI coefficients are represented as two’s complement integers, scaling factors are required at the initiator to scale them to their original range. The scaling factors (with a predefined scaler bit size N) are s ) is also fed back to the initiator as the CSI coefficient.

[0006] IEEE Task Group 802.11bf, Sensing (TGbf) has defined a target bit size N b is 8 or 10 bits, and the scaler bit size N s In other words, the CSI coefficients are quantized to 8 or 10 bits per real or imaginary part, per TX-RX link pair, and per Ng tone (Ng represents the subcarrier group size), and the scaling factor is quantized to 12 bits per TX-RX link pair.

[0007] However, IEEE TGbf does not define the implementation details of the CSI coefficients, and different Equipment manufacturers or vendors may have different implementations of CSI coefficients (WI-FI is a registered trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance, Austin, Texas, U.S.A.) Therefore, the bit size of the real and imaginary parts of the elements of the channel matrix may be vendor-dependent and may therefore vary from vendor to vendor.

[0008] For example, each of the real and imaginary parts of the elements of the channel matrix is ​​N p bits, which may be implemented by some vendors as a bit size larger than the scaler bit size N s Therefore, the value of the CSI coefficient normalized by the scaling factor can be greater than one (1), which is required for each real or imaginary part, each TX-RX link pair, and each Ng tone N using a simple fixed-point conversion equation. b The case of a signal with more than 10 bits (eg, 8 or 10 bits) may be difficult to control. Summary of the invention

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a computerized method is provided, comprising: normalizing the real and imaginary parts of an estimated parameter of a channel to a first bit size; and quantizing the real and imaginary parts of the normalized parameter to obtain a channel state information (CSI) coefficient of a second bit size for feedback to a device.

[0010] In some embodiments, the device is equipment.

[0011] In some embodiments, the channel includes one or more transmitter-receiver (TX-RX) links, and the estimated parameters of the channel include estimated parameters of the one or more TX-RX links; the method also includes: obtaining the real maximum value and the imaginary maximum value of the real part and the imaginary part of the estimated parameter or normalized parameter of each TX-RX link, respectively; and obtaining the real scaling factor and the imaginary scaling factor of the TX-RX link by scaling and rounding the real maximum value and the imaginary maximum value of each TX-RX link to the first bit size, respectively; and, quantizing the real and imaginary parts of the normalized parameters of the channel includes: scaling the real and imaginary parts of the normalized parameters of each TX-RX link using corresponding real scaling factors and imaginary scaling factors; and quantizing the scaled real and scaled imaginary parts of the normalized parameters of each TX-RX link to the first bit size to obtain the CSI coefficient of the TX-RX link.

[0012] In some implementations, scaling the real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter for each TX-RX link includes dividing the real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter for each TX-RX link by the corresponding real part scaling factor and imaginary part scaling factor.

[0013] In some implementations, the first bit size is 12 bits.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second bit size is 8 or 10 bits.

[0015] In some embodiments, the method further includes: obtaining the estimated parameters of the channel before performing the normalization on the real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameters of the channel; and sending the CSI coefficients to the device.

[0016] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a module is provided, comprising: one or more circuits for executing the above method.

[0017] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media are provided, including computer-executable instructions, wherein when the instructions are executed, at least one processing unit is caused to perform the above method.

[0018] By using the above, the obtained CSI coefficients and scaling factors are appropriately quantized as needed and / or as required by relevant standards, thereby hiding different channel estimation implementations of different vendors and ensuring interoperability between initiators and responders of different vendors without the burden of modifying their channel estimation implementations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a simplified schematic diagram illustrating a communication system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A simplified schematic diagram of an access point (AP) of a communication network of the communication system shown;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A simplified schematic diagram of a station of a communication system is shown;

[0022] FIG4 is a simplified schematic diagram illustrating a conventional process for channel estimation; and

[0023] Figure 5 is a simplified schematic diagram illustrating a process for channel estimation using normalization and quantization of channel parameters according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Embodiments disclosed herein relate to wireless systems, apparatuses, and methods using channel state information (CSI) normalization and quantization. The wireless systems, apparatuses, and methods disclosed herein may be any suitable systems, apparatuses, and methods for transmitting wireless signals. An example of such a system may be System (WI-FI is a registered trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance in Austin, Texas, U.S.A.) Other examples of such systems may be 5G, 6G or other applicable future wireless mobile communication systems, etc.

[0025] A. System Structure

[0026] Now turn to Figure 1 , shows a communication system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and generally uses reference numeral 100 to identify the communication system. As an example, the communication system 100 in these embodiments may be constructed under relevant standards such as the IEEE 802.11 standard. As shown, the communication system 100 includes one or more interconnected network devices 102, such as one or more interconnected access points (APs; also called "base stations"), forming a distribution system (DS) 104. The DS 104 can in turn be connected to other networks, such as the Internet 108, which can include networks of computers and subnets (intranets) or both, and include protocols such as Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), etc.

[0027] Each AP 102 communicates wirelessly with one or more mobile or fixed stations (STAs) 112 via respective wireless channels 114 to provide a wireless network connected thereto. Here, the APs 102 and STAs 112 may be considered to be different types of network nodes (or simply “nodes”) of the communication system 100. Each AP 102 and the STAs 112 connected thereto form a cell or a basic service set (BSS) 118.

[0028] Figure 21 is a simplified schematic diagram of an AP 102. As shown, the AP 102 includes at least one processing unit 142, at least one transmitter (TX) 144, at least one receiver (RX) 146 (collectively referred to as a transceiver), one or more antennas 148, at least one memory 150, and one or more input / output components or interfaces 152. A scheduler 154 may be coupled to the processing unit 142. The scheduler 154 may be included within the AP 102 or operate separately from the AP 102.

[0029] The processing unit 142 is a circuit for performing various processing operations such as signal encoding, data processing, power control, input / output processing, or any other suitable function. The processing unit 142 may include a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, an FPGA, an ASIC, etc. In some embodiments, the processing unit 142 may execute computer executable instructions or codes stored in the memory 150 to perform various processes (otherwise referred to as methods) described below.

[0030] Each transmitter 144 may include any suitable structure for generating signals, such as control signals described in detail below, for wireless transmission to one or more STAs 112. Each receiver 146 may include any suitable structure for processing signals received from one or more STAs 112. Although at least one transmitter 144 and at least one receiver 146 are shown as separate components, at least one transmitter 144 and at least one receiver 146 may be integrated and implemented as a transceiver. Each antenna 148 may include any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless signals. Although the common antenna 148 is Figure 2 144 as being coupled to a transmitter 144 and a receiver 146 , but one or more antennas 148 may be coupled to the transmitter 144 and one or more other antennas 148 may be coupled to the receiver 146 .

[0031] In some embodiments, the AP 102 may include multiple transmitters 144 and receivers 146 (or multiple transceivers) and multiple antennas 148 for communicating in its cell 118 using, for example, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology. In addition, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) may be used, in which the channel 114 is divided into multiple orthogonal sub-channels for communication between the AP 102 and the STAs 112.

[0032] Each memory 150 may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable volatile and / or non-volatile storage media, such as RAM, ROM, hard disk, optical disk, SIM card, solid-state memory, memory stick, SD memory card, etc. The memory 150 may be used to store instructions executable by the processing unit 142, and data used, generated, or collected by the processing unit 142. For example, the memory 150 may store instructions of software, software systems, or software modules executable by the processing unit 142 to implement some or all of the functions and / or processes performed by the AP 102 described herein.

[0033] Each input / output component 152 enables interaction with a user or other devices in the system 100. Each input / output device 152 may include any suitable structure for providing information to or receiving information from a user, and may be, for example, a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, touch screen, network communication interface, etc.

[0034] Here, STA 112 may be any suitable wireless device that can join the communication system 100 via AP 102 for wireless operation. In various embodiments, STA 112 may be a wireless electronic device used by a human or user (e.g., a smartphone, a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a laptop, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a smart watch, a consumer electronic device, etc.). STA 112 may alternatively be a wireless sensor, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a robot, a shopping cart, a vehicle, a smart TV, a smart appliance, a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), a mobile station, etc. Depending on the implementation, STA 112 may move autonomously or under direct or remote control of a person, or may be positioned at a fixed location.

[0035] In some implementations, STA 112 may be a multi-mode wireless electronic device capable of operating according to multiple wireless access technologies and include multiple transceivers required to support these wireless access technologies.

[0036] In addition, some or all of the STAs 112 include functionality to communicate with different wireless devices and / or wireless networks via different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. Instead of (or in addition to) wireless communications, the STAs 112 may communicate with other devices or switches (not shown) via wired communication channels, as well as with the Internet 106. For example, multiple STAs 112 (e.g., STAs 112 that are close to each other) may communicate directly with each other via appropriate wired or wireless sidelinks.

[0037] Figure 3 is a simplified schematic diagram of STA 112. As shown, STA 112 includes at least one processing unit 202, at least one transceiver 204, at least one antenna or network interface controller (NIC) 206, at least one positioning module 208, one or more input / output components 210, at least one memory 212, and at least one other communication component 214.

[0038] The processing unit 202 is a circuit for performing various processing operations such as signal encoding, data processing, power control, input / output processing, or any other function to enable the STA 112 to access and join the communication system 100 and operate therein. The processing unit 202 may also be configured to implement some or all of the functions of the STA 112 described in the present disclosure. The processing unit 202 may include a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, an accelerator, a graphic processing unit (GPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), an FPGA, or an ASIC. An example of the processing unit 202 may be a processor manufactured by Qualcomm Incorporated in San Diego, California, USA, in multiple manufacturers. Made under the architecture Microprocessor (ARM is a registered trademark of Arm Ltd., Cambridge, UK), Microprocessor (INTEL is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation in Santa Clara, California, U.S.A.), microprocessor (AMD is a registered trademark of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc., Sunnyvale, California, USA), etc. In some embodiments, processing unit 202 can execute computer-executable instructions or codes stored in memory 212 to perform various processes described below.

[0039] At least one transceiver 204 may be configured to modulate data or other content transmitted by at least one antenna 206 to communicate with AP 102. Transceiver 204 is also configured to demodulate data or other content received by at least one antenna 206. Each transceiver 204 may include any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless transmission and / or processing wireless received signals. Each antenna 206 may include any suitable structure for sending and / or receiving wireless signals. Although transceiver 204 is shown as a single functional unit, transceiver 204 may also be implemented separately as at least one transmitter and at least one receiver.

[0040] The positioning module 208 is configured to communicate with a plurality of global or regional positioning devices (e.g., navigation satellites) to determine the location of the STA 112. The navigation satellite may be a satellite of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) of the United States, the Global'naya Navigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema (GLONASS) of Russia, the Galileo positioning system of the European Union, and / or the Beidou system of China. The navigation satellite may also be a satellite of a regional navigation satellite system (RNSS), such as the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) of India, the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) of Japan, and the like. In some other embodiments, the positioning module 208 may be configured to communicate with a plurality of indoor positioning devices to determine the location of the STA 112.

[0041] One or more input / output components 210 are configured for interacting with a user or other devices in the communication system 100. Each input / output component 210 may include any suitable structure for providing information to or receiving information from a user, and may be, for example, a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, touch screen, etc.

[0042] At least one memory 212 is configured to store instructions executable by the processing unit 202, and data used, generated, or collected by the processing unit 202. For example, the memory 212 may store instructions of software, software systems, or software modules executable by the processing unit 202 to implement some or all of the functions and / or implementations of the STA 112 described herein. Each memory 212 may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable volatile and / or non-volatile storage media and retrieval components, such as RAM, ROM, hard disk, optical disk, SIM card, solid-state memory module, memory stick, SD memory card, etc.

[0043] At least one other communication component 214 is configured to communicate via, for example, a radio link, The STA 112 may communicate with other devices such as other STAs 112 by other communication means such as a Bluetooth link (BLUETOOTH is a registered trademark of the Bluetooth Technology Alliance, Inc. of Kirkland, Washington, U.S.A.), a wired sidelink, etc. Examples of a wired sidelink may be a USB cable, a network cable, a parallel cable, a serial cable, etc.

[0044] In some implementations, the STA 112 may include multiple transceivers 204 and multiple antennas 206 for communicating with the AP 102 using, for example, MIMO technology. The STA 112 may also use OFDM for communicating with the AP 102.

[0045] Hereinafter, AP 102 and STA 112 are generally classified as a transmitter and a receiver, wherein AP 102 can be a transmitter when transmitting a wireless signal or a receiver when receiving a wireless signal. Similarly, STA 112 can be a transmitter when transmitting a wireless signal or a receiver when receiving a wireless signal.

[0046] B. Channel State Information

[0047] As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the channel 114 between the AP 102 and the STA 112 typically includes one or more TX-RX links (also referred to as "TX-RX link pairs"), each link corresponding to a pair of TX and RX. Depending on the direction of communication, TX and RX may be on the AP side and the STA side, respectively, or may be on the STA side and the AP side, respectively.

[0048] The channel 114 may be estimated by sending a set of predefined symbols (as a reference signal (RS)) from an initiator (which may be an AP 102 or a STA 112) to a responder (which may be an STA 112 or an AP 102, respectively). The responder estimates the parameters of the channel 114 using the received symbols and the predefined symbols, and feeds back the estimated channel parameters to the initiator as channel station information (CSI). FIG. 4 shows a conventional process 300 for estimating the parameters of the channel 114, which is performed by, for example, a digital signal processor (DSP) of the responder.

[0049] As shown, the responder receives the RS signal 302 (which is a time domain analog signal) from the initiator, passes it through an automatic gain control (AGC) unit 304 for automatically adjusting the gain of the received RS signal 302, and then converts it into a time domain digital signal 308 of amplitude U through an analog-to-digital (ADC) unit 306. Here, the time domain digital signal 308 and other digital signals generated in subsequent steps are represented in the DSP as fixed-point numbers, such as complement numbers. Then, the amplitude U of the time domain digital signal 308 is expressed as:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, M U is the maximum amplitude of the time domain digital signal 308, N U is the number of bits of the time-domain digital signal 308, and round(x) is a rounding function that rounds x to its nearest integer.

[0052] In this example, the first party and the second party communicate with each other using OFDM. Therefore, the responding party converts the time domain digital signal 308 into a frequency domain digital signal 314 using a digital Fourier transform such as a fast Fourier transform (FFT) 312. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, each sample of the frequency domain digital signal 314 is a complex number, and the real part and the imaginary part of the frequency domain digital signal 314 can be represented as a fixed point number, respectively. For example, the real part of the frequency domain digital signal 314 having an amplitude D can be represented as:

[0053]

[0054] Among them, M D is the maximum amplitude of the real part of the frequency domain digital signal 314, and N Dis the number of bits of the real part of the frequency domain digital signal 314. The imaginary part of the frequency domain digital signal 314 can be represented in a similar manner.

[0055] A channel estimation function 316 is then used to remove the guard interval (also referred to as a "cyclic prefix") of the frequency domain digital signal 314 and estimate channel parameters 318, which are also complex numbers (also referred to as a "channel frequency response" or "channel matrix" for a MIMO system). The channel parameters 318 may be conveniently organized as a channel matrix, where the parameters for each link may be organized as rows or columns in the channel matrix (depending on the presentation of the channel matrix), and each channel parameter may be represented as an element of the channel matrix.

[0056] As shown in Figure 4, with amplitude H C The real part of each element of the channel matrix 318 can be expressed as:

[0057]

[0058] Among them, M H is the maximum magnitude of the real part of the elements of the channel matrix 318, and N P is the number of bits of the real part of each element of the channel matrix 318. The imaginary part of each element of the channel matrix 318 may be represented in a similar manner.

[0059] The real and imaginary parts of the elements of the channel matrix 318 are then quantized to a predefined target bit size N using the CSI quantization function 322 b (that is, the target number of bits), and feeds back the quantized real and imaginary parts of the elements of the channel matrix 318 as CSI coefficients to the initiator. Since these CSI coefficients are represented as two's complement integers, a scaling factor is required at the initiator to scale them to their original range. The scaling factor (which has a predefined scaler bit size N s ) is also fed back to the initiator as the CSI coefficient.

[0060] IEEE Task Group 802.11bf, Sensing (TGbf) has defined a target bit size N b is 8 or 10 bits, and the scaler bit size N s In other words, the CSI coefficients are quantized to 8 or 10 bits per real or imaginary part, per TX-RX link pair, and per Ng tone (Ng represents the subcarrier group size), and the scaling factor is quantized to 12 bits per TX-RX link pair.

[0061] Since IEEE TGbf does not define the implementation details of the CSI coefficients passed from the channel estimation block 316, different Equipment manufacturers or vendors may have different implementations of the CSI coefficients. Therefore, the bit size of the real and imaginary parts of the elements of the channel matrix 318 may be vendor-dependent and, therefore, may vary from vendor to vendor.

[0062] For example, each of the real and imaginary parts of the elements of the channel matrix 318 is N p bits, which may be implemented by some vendors as a bit size larger than the scaler bit size N s Therefore, the value of the CSI coefficient normalized by the scaling factor can be greater than one (1), which requires N per real or imaginary part, per TX-RX link pair, and per Ng tone using a simple fixed-point conversion equation. b In the case of smaller bits (e.g. 8 or 10 bits), this may be difficult to control.

[0063] Figure 5 A computerized process 400 of channel estimation performed by, for example, a DSP of a responder is shown according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 400 is similar to the prior art process 300 shown in FIG. 4 , except that the process 400 includes a normalization step 402 between the channel estimation function 316 and the CSI quantization function 322 to normalize the channel parameters so that the CSI coefficients (that is, the quantized channel parameters, that is, the channel parameters 318 divided by the scaling factor and then rounded to a predefined precision) are less than one (1) to control the N-th channel parameters used for feedback to the initiator. b The output bit size of the CSI quantization function 322 is below 10 bits (eg, 8 or 10 bits).

[0064] The details of the normalization step 402 are as follows:

[0065] 1. Get the maximum value and Where n and l represent the TX index and RX index of the real and imaginary parts of the elements of the channel matrix 318 corresponding to the link pair of the nth Tx and the lth RX, respectively; it should be noted that, and is vendor dependent and can be greater than N s bits (e.g., 12 bits); here, "i" refers to "in-phase" and "q" refers to "quadrature-phase"; for ease of description, and They represent "maximum value of the real part" and "maximum value of the imaginary part" respectively.

[0066] 2. Obtain the following N for each TX-RX link pair from the corresponding real maximum and imaginary maximum values: s Bit real part scaling factor iM H(n,l) and N s Bit imaginary part scaling factor qM H (n,l):

[0067]

[0068] The parameter K is selected (eg, by the supplier) so that iM H (n,l) and qM H (n,l) in scaler bit size N s (e.g., 12-bit range);

[0069] 3. Obtain normalized channel parameters by normalizing the real part iH(n,l,k) and imaginary part qH(n,l,k) of the channel parameter 318, (where k represents the subcarrier index), which are obtained from the channel estimation function 316 (for simplicity, as shown in Figure 5 H C ) output is:

[0070] i o (n,l,k)=round(iH(n,l,k)*(2 α -1))

[0071] Q o (n,l,k)=round(qH(n,l,k)*(2 α -1))

[0072] Among them, iH o (n,l,k) and qH o (n, l, k) are the real and imaginary parts of the normalized channel parameters, respectively, and the parameter α is chosen so that iH o (n,l,k) and qH o Each of (n,l,k) has a bit size N s (That is, in ), so that the output iH of the CSI quantization function 322 e (n,l,k) and qH e (n,l,k) (that is, the CSI coefficients; see below) in within the range.

[0073] 4. Using the normalized channel parameters obtained in step 4 and the corresponding scaling factors obtained in step 3, obtain N b Bit CSI coefficient iH e (n,l,k) and qH e (n,l,k) is:

[0074]

[0075] The CSI coefficient is then fed back to the initiator.

[0076] After receiving the CSI coefficients, the initiator restores the channel matrix to:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, iH d (n,l,k) and qH d (n,l,k) is the recovered CSI coefficient, and is the received CSI coefficient, and and is the scaling factor received at the initiator. The recovered CSI coefficient iH d (n,l,k) and qH d (n,l,k) corresponds to iH in the responder o (n,l,k) and qH o (n,l,k)(See Figure 5 ).

[0079] By using the normalization step 402, the final CSI coefficients and scaling factors are appropriately quantized according to the requirements of the relevant standards, thereby hiding the different channel estimation implementations of different vendors and ensuring interoperability between initiators and responders of different vendors without the burden of modifying their channel estimation implementations.

[0080] For example, using the normalization step 402, the value of the scaling factor is quantized to a scaler bit size N per TX-RX link pair. s (e.g., 12 bits), (that is, in the range The scaling factor is used to normalize the channel parameters so that the CSI coefficients are within the range of within the range.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other implementations are readily available. For example, the above bit sizes may vary depending on the requirements of the implementation and / or relevant standards.

[0082] In some embodiments, the details of normalization step 402 are as follows:

[0083] 1. Obtain normalized channel parameters by normalizing the real part iH(n,l,k) and imaginary part qH(n,l,k) of the channel parameter 318, (where k represents the subcarrier index), which are output from the channel estimation function 316 as:

[0084] i n(n,l,k)=round(iH(n,l,k)*(2 α -1))

[0085] Q n (n,l,k)=round(qH(n,l,k)*(2 α -1))

[0086] Among them, iH n (n,l,k) and qH n (n, l, k) are the real and imaginary parts of the normalized channel parameters, respectively, and the parameter α is chosen so that iH n (n,l,k) and qH n Each of (n,l,k) has a bit size N s (That is, in within the scope of

[0087] 2. Obtain the maximum value of the real part and the imaginary part of the elements of the normalized channel parameters (or the normalized channel matrix obtained in step 1) corresponding to the link pair of the nth TX and the lth Rx, respectively and the maximum imaginary part It should be noted that and is vendor dependent and can be greater than N s bits (e.g., 12 bits);

[0088] 3. Obtain the following N for each TX-RX link pair from the corresponding real maximum and imaginary maximum values ​​respectively: s Bit real part scaling factor iM H (n,l) and N s Bit imaginary part scaling factor qM H (n,l):

[0089]

[0090] 4. Using the normalized channel parameters obtained in step 4 and the corresponding scaling factors obtained in step 3, obtain N b Bit CSI coefficient iH e (n,l,k) and qH e (n,l,k) is:

[0091]

[0092] The CSI coefficient is then fed back to the initiator.

[0093] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above method may be implemented in any suitable manner, for example, as computer executable instructions stored in one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media, as one or more modules having one or more circuits for executing the above method, in one or more chipsets having one or more circuits for executing the above method, in one or more devices or apparatuses having one or more circuits for executing the above method, etc.

[0094] C. Abbreviation Keywords

[0095] CSI: Channel State Information

[0096] DSP: Digital Signal Processor

[0097] Ng: Number of Subcarrier Groups

[0098] RX: Receiver

[0099] TGbf: IEEE Task Group 802.11bf, Sensing

[0100] Tx: Transmitter

[0101] Although the embodiments have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will appreciate that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A computerized method comprising: Normalizing the real and imaginary parts of the estimated parameters of the channel to a first bit size; as well as The real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter are quantized to obtain a channel state information (CSI) coefficient of a second bit size for feedback to the device.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The device is equipment.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The channel comprises one or more transmitter-receiver (TX-RX) links, and the estimated parameters of the channel comprise estimated parameters of the one or more TX-RX links; Wherein, the method further comprises: Respectively obtaining the maximum value of the real part and the maximum value of the imaginary part of the real part and the imaginary part of the estimated parameter or normalized parameter of each TX-RX link; and Obtaining a real scaling factor and an imaginary scaling factor of each TX-RX link by scaling and rounding the real maximum value and the imaginary maximum value of each TX-RX link to the first bit size, respectively; and The quantizing of the real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter of the channel includes: scaling the real and imaginary parts of the normalized parameter for each TX-RX link using corresponding real and imaginary scaling factors; and The scaled real part and the scaled imaginary part of the normalized parameter of each TX-RX link are quantized to the first bit size to obtain a CSI coefficient of the TX-RX link.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The scaling of the real part and the imaginary part of the normalization parameter of each TX-RX link comprises: The real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter for each TX-RX link are divided by the corresponding real scaling factor and imaginary scaling factor.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The first bit size is 12 bits.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The second bit size is 8 or 10 bits.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: Before performing the normalization on the real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter of the channel, obtaining the estimated parameter of the channel; as well as The CSI coefficients are sent to the device.

8. A module comprising: One or more circuits for performing the following operations: Normalizing the real and imaginary parts of the estimated parameters of the channel to a first bit size; as well as The real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter are quantized to obtain a channel state information (CSI) coefficient of a second bit size for feedback to the device.

9. The module according to claim 8, wherein: The module is Device or part of an apparatus; and wherein the apparatus is another device.

10. The module according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: The channel comprises one or more transmitter-receiver (TX-RX) links, and the estimated parameters of the channel comprise estimated parameters of the one or more TX-RX links; Wherein, the module is further configured to: Respectively obtaining the maximum value of the real part and the maximum value of the imaginary part of the real part and the imaginary part of the estimated parameter or normalized parameter of each TX-RX link; and Obtaining a real scaling factor and an imaginary scaling factor of each TX-RX link by scaling and rounding the real maximum value and the imaginary maximum value of each TX-RX link to the first bit size, respectively; and The quantizing of the real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter of the channel includes: scaling the real and imaginary parts of the normalized parameter for each TX-RX link using corresponding real and imaginary scaling factors; and The scaled real part and the scaled imaginary part of the normalized parameter of each TX-RX link are quantized to the first bit size to obtain a CSI coefficient of the TX-RX link.

11. The module according to claim 10, wherein: The scaling of the real part and the imaginary part of the normalization parameter of each TX-RX link comprises: The real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter for each TX-RX link are divided by the corresponding real scaling factor and imaginary scaling factor.

12. A module according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein The first bit size is 12 bits.

13. A module according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein: The second bit size is 8 or 10 bits.

14. A module according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein The at least one processing unit is further configured to: Before performing the normalization on the real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter of the channel, obtaining the estimated parameter of the channel; and The CSI coefficients are sent to the device.

15. One or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media comprising computer-executable instructions, wherein: When the instruction is executed, at least one processing unit is caused to perform the following operations: normalizing the real and imaginary parts of the estimated parameters of the channel to a first bit size; and The real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter are quantized to obtain a channel state information (CSI) coefficient of a second bit size for feedback to the device.

16. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 15, wherein: The channel comprises one or more transmitter-receiver (TX-RX) links, and the estimated parameters of the channel comprise estimated parameters of the one or more TX-RX links; Wherein, when the instruction is executed, the at least one processing unit performs other operations including the following: Respectively obtaining the maximum value of the real part and the maximum value of the imaginary part of the real part and the imaginary part of the estimated parameter or normalized parameter of each TX-RX link; and Obtaining a real scaling factor and an imaginary scaling factor of each TX-RX link by scaling and rounding the real maximum value and the imaginary maximum value of each TX-RX link to the first bit size, respectively; and The quantizing of the real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter of the channel includes: scaling the real and imaginary parts of the normalized parameter for each TX-RX link using corresponding real and imaginary scaling factors; and The scaled real part and the scaled imaginary part of the normalized parameter of each TX-RX link are quantized to the first bit size to obtain a CSI coefficient of the TX-RX link.

17. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 16, wherein: The scaling of the real part and the imaginary part of the normalization parameter of each TX-RX link comprises: The real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter for each TX-RX link are divided by the corresponding real scaling factor and imaginary scaling factor.

18. One or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media according to any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein: The first bit size is 12 bits.

19. One or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media according to any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein: The second bit size is 8 or 10 bits.

20. One or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media according to any one of claims 15 to 19, wherein: When the instruction is executed, the at least one processing unit is caused to perform other operations including: Before performing the normalization on the real part and the imaginary part of the normalized parameter of the channel, obtaining the estimated parameter of the channel; and The CSI coefficients are sent to the device.

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