Thermal runaway flue gas treatment method and thermal runaway flue gas treatment device

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment method and a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device which are used for effectively treating thermal runaway flue gas so as to solve the problem of potential safety hazards caused by the fact that the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged out of a battery shell. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment method comprises the following steps: conveying thermal runaway flue gas generated by thermal runaway of a battery to 0.05-0.5 mol / L of an alkali solution, and treating the thermal runaway flue gas of the battery. The alkaline solution with the concentration not only can fully treat electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas, but also can treat part of gas in the thermal runaway flue gas, the gas amount of the thermal runaway flue gas treated by the alkaline solution with the concentration is greatly reduced, and the thermal runaway flue gas treatment efficiency is improved. Therefore, the problem of potential safety hazards caused by the fact that thermal runaway smoke is discharged out of the battery shell is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of battery safety, and in particular relates to a thermal runaway flue gas treatment method and a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy, energy storage technology has also developed. Lithium batteries have gradually become the mainstream product for energy storage due to their advantages such as high energy, long service life, high rated voltage, high power tolerance and low self-discharge rate.

[0003] With the large-scale application of lithium battery energy storage systems, the safe use of lithium-ion batteries has also attracted attention. Due to the high concentration of battery packs in energy storage systems, under the influence of factors such as battery overcharge, overdischarge, overheating, and mechanical collision, the battery diaphragm collapses and internal short circuits occur, leading to thermal runaway, which may eventually cause fire inside the battery, and in severe cases, cause explosions, posing safety hazards.

[0004] When a lithium battery is in complete thermal runaway, the temperature inside the battery can reach as high as 500-1000°C. The gases generated during the thermal runaway process cause the internal pressure of the battery to increase, causing the battery shell to expand and rupture. Eventually the explosion relief valve opens, spraying and releasing the evaporated electrolyte and reaction gases inside the battery.

[0005] The vaporized electrolyte and reaction gas are discharged from the battery housing and are easily accumulated to cause safety hazards such as combustion. At the same time, the reaction gas contains toxic gases such as HF, which will also cause certain pollution to the environment. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a thermal runaway smoke treatment method and a thermal runaway smoke treatment device, which are used to effectively treat the thermal runaway smoke to solve the potential safety hazard problem of thermal runaway smoke being discharged outside a battery housing.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for treating thermal runaway flue gas, the method comprising:

[0009] The thermal runaway flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery is transported to a 0.05-0.5 mol / L alkaline solution to treat the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0010] Furthermore, the concentration of the alkaline solution is 0.1-0.2 mol / L.

[0011] Furthermore, the concentration of the alkaline solution is 0.1 mol / L.

[0012] Furthermore, the alkaline solution is a NaOH solution.

[0013] Furthermore, the method also includes a process of transporting the thermal runaway flue gas treated with an alkaline solution to an adsorption medium for treatment.

[0014] Furthermore, the adsorption medium is activated carbon.

[0015] Furthermore, in the method, the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the battery with a capacity of C1AH is treated with at least (0.05×C1) L of alkaline solution and (32×C1) g of adsorption medium.

[0016] The present invention also provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, comprising at least one treatment tank body, and the treatment tank body is provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet; the treatment tank body is filled with 0.05-0.5 mol / L alkaline solution, which is used to treat the thermal runaway flue gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery.

[0017] Furthermore, the alkaline solution in the treatment tank is a 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution.

[0018] Furthermore, a breaking up assembly is provided in the processing tank body for breaking up and diverting the thermal runaway flue gas entering the processing tank body.

[0019] Furthermore, a first one-way valve is provided at the smoke inlet of the processing tank body, a second one-way valve is provided at the smoke outlet, and a porous plate is also provided at the top of the cavity of the processing tank body.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes an adsorption pipeline connected to the smoke outlet of the processing tank body, and the adsorption pipeline is filled with an adsorption medium.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment method of the present invention, the thermal runaway flue gas is transported to a 0.05-0.5 mol / L alkaline solution. The alkaline solution of this concentration can not only fully treat the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose, but also treat part of the gas in the thermal runaway flue gas. The gas volume of the thermal runaway flue gas treated with the alkaline solution of this concentration is greatly reduced, thereby solving the potential safety hazard problem of the thermal runaway flue gas being discharged outside the battery casing.

[0023] 2. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment method of the present invention, the thermal runaway flue gas has a significant effect after being treated with an alkaline solution with a concentration of 0.1 to 0.2 mol / L, and the best effect is achieved after being treated with an alkaline solution with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L.

[0024] 3. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment method of the present invention also includes a process of transporting the thermal runaway flue gas treated with an alkaline solution to an adsorption medium for treatment, and treating the thermal runaway flue gas with a combination of an alkaline solution and an adsorption medium so that the treated gas is non-flammable and harmless and can be directly discharged.

[0025] 4. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment method of the present invention, the adsorption medium is selected from activated carbon with relatively low cost and relatively good treatment effect.

[0026] 5. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment method of the present invention, the thermal runaway flue gas generated by a battery with a capacity of C1AH is treated with at least (0.05×C1)L of alkaline solution and (32×C1)g of adsorption medium. This corresponding relationship can use the minimum usage to treat the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the corresponding AH battery, minimizing the treatment cost.

[0027] 6. The present invention also provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, in which the treatment tank body of the device is filled with an alkaline solution of 0.05 to 0.5 mol / L. The alkaline solution of this concentration can not only fully treat the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose, but also treat part of the gas in the thermal runaway flue gas. The gas volume of the thermal runaway flue gas treated with the alkaline solution of this concentration is greatly reduced, thereby solving the potential safety hazard problem of the thermal runaway flue gas being discharged outside the battery casing.

[0028] 7. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the present invention, a dispersion component is provided in the treatment tank body, and the dispersion component is used to disperse and divert the thermal runaway flue gas entering the treatment tank body, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can fully contact and react with the alkaline solution, thereby further improving the treatment effect of the alkaline solution.

[0029] 8. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the present invention, a first one-way valve is provided at the flue gas inlet of the treatment tank body, and the first one-way valve prevents the alkaline solution in the treatment tank body from flowing back. At the same time, a second one-way valve is provided at the flue gas outlet, and the second one-way valve is used to prevent the alkaline solution from volatilizing and affecting the treatment effect of the alkaline solution.

[0030] 9. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the present invention, a porous plate is also provided on the top of the cavity of the treatment tank body, and the porous plate is used to place the adsorption medium. When the thermal runaway flue gas passes through the alkaline solution, it will carry part of the alkaline solution, and the alkaline solution can be adsorbed by the adsorption medium on the porous plate, so that the gas discharged from the treatment tank body is safer.

[0031] 10. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the present invention also includes an adsorption pipeline connected to the flue gas outlet of the treatment tank body. The treatment tank body and the adsorption pipeline treat the thermal runaway flue gas through a combination of alkaline solution and adsorption medium, so that the treated gas is non-flammable and harmless and can be directly discharged.

[0032] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 The structure of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 3 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 2 The structure of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 3 is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 4.

[0037] Figure numerals: 1-treatment tank, 2-adsorption pipeline, 11-cylinder, 12-end cover, 13-smoke inlet, 14-smoke outlet, 15-disintegration component, 16-first one-way valve, 17-second one-way valve, 18-porous plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The "other embodiments" that appear in different places in this specification do not all refer to the same embodiment, nor are they separate or selective embodiments that are mutually exclusive with other embodiments. In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

[0040] In the description of this specification, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate, or the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top, bottom, inside and outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] Existing energy storage devices generally include an energy storage cabinet and multiple battery modules arranged in the energy storage cabinet. The battery modules can be formed by connecting existing single cylindrical batteries or square shell batteries in series or in parallel, or by using large-capacity batteries composed of existing single batteries. The above battery modules are prone to thermal runaway during use or when overcharged, over-discharged, or mechanically collided.

[0043] Research shows that when a lithium-ion battery experiences thermal runaway, a series of chemical reactions will occur inside, releasing a large amount of heat and gas, such as: SEI film decomposition reaction (90-120°C), cathode and electrolyte reaction (100-350°C), electrolyte decomposition reaction (110-300°C), diaphragm shrinkage and melting reaction (>130°C), cathode and electrolyte reaction (200-300°C), and binder decomposition reaction (200-300°C), etc. The above reactions do not occur in a fixed order, nor do they proceed independently.

[0044] When the battery temperature is around 90-120°C, first, the SEI film decomposes, releasing heat and generating C 2 H 4 , CO 2 and O 2As the temperature continues to rise, when the battery temperature is around 120°C, the negative electrode surface has lost the protection of the SE I film, and the embedded lithium reacts with the electrolyte organic solvents such as ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) to produce CxHy gas. When the temperature is 110-300°C, the electrolyte and the electrolyte itself will also undergo a series of decomposition reactions to produce some fluorides. As the temperature continues to rise, the positive electrode material begins to decompose and produces O 2 O generated by the decomposition of the cathode material 2 Reacts with the solvent of the electrolyte: O 2 When the concentration is high, the reaction produces CO 2 , O 2 At low concentrations, the reaction generates CO. When the battery temperature exceeds 235°C, the binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) reacts with lithium and self-decomposes.

[0045] From the above process, it can be seen that when the battery is in thermal runaway, the exhaust gas mainly includes the following components: vaporized electrolyte, CO 2 , CO, H 2 , C x H y , C x H y O z , C x H y F. POF 3 and HF, etc. The thermal runaway flue gas contains not only hydrogen, CO, CO 2 , methane and other gases, as well as a large amount of electrolyte vapor. The vaporized electrolyte will not only react with the positive or negative electrode in the battery cavity, but will also undergo a series of decomposition reactions itself, and continue to produce a large amount of harmful gases.

[0046] The present invention provides a method for treating thermal runaway flue gas. The method mainly passes the thermal runaway flue gas through an alkaline solution of a certain concentration. The alkaline solution treats the vaporized electrolyte and part of the gas in the thermal runaway flue gas, not only hydrolyzing the electrolyte to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose, but also treating part of the counter-gas. The gas volume of the thermal runaway flue gas treated with the alkaline solution of this concentration is greatly reduced, thereby solving the potential safety hazard problem of the thermal runaway flue gas being discharged outside the battery casing.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] The thermal runaway flue gas of lithium-ion batteries mainly includes vaporized electrolyte and CO 2 , CO, H 2 , C xH y , C x H y O z , C x H y F. POF 3 and HF and other reaction gases. The alkaline solution in this embodiment can cool the thermal runaway flue gas, fully dissolve the electrolyte vapor in the thermal runaway flue gas in the alkaline solution, and react with the alkaline solution. A certain concentration of alkaline solution is used to react with carbonate substances in the electrolyte to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to produce harmful gases, and to treat the thermal runaway flue gas at the source. In addition, the alkaline solution has a certain effect on CO 2 POF 3 It has a good treatment effect on acidic substances such as HF and can effectively treat thermal runaway flue gas.

[0049] At the same time, for alkaline solutions, generally the higher the concentration, the better the treatment effect on thermal runaway flue gas. However, the applicant found that low-concentration alkaline solutions have better treatment effects than high-concentration alkaline solutions, especially 0.05-0.5 mol / L alkaline solutions. When thermal runaway flue gas passes through an alkaline solution of this concentration, the amount of gas collected is minimal, and its treatment effect is better than that of alkaline solutions with a concentration of more than 0.5 mol / L. Therefore, the key to the method of the present invention is to overcome the prejudice of the prior art and use a low-concentration alkaline solution to treat thermal runaway flue gas, so that the alkaline solution can achieve effective treatment of thermal runaway flue gas.

[0050] Based on this, this embodiment provides a method for treating thermal runaway smoke, which includes the following process: transporting the thermal runaway smoke generated by battery thermal runaway to a 0.05-0.5 mol / L alkaline solution to treat the thermal runaway smoke to reduce the safety hazards caused by the discharge of thermal runaway smoke.

[0051] The alkaline solution can be a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, etc. The alkaline solution can not only dissolve the electrolyte in the battery thermal runaway flue gas, but also 2 POF 3 It has a good treatment effect on acidic gases such as HF.

[0052] Taking the alkaline solution as NaOH solution as an example, a large number of battery thermal runaway tests were carried out. After a horizontal comparison of the treatment effects of water and NaOH solutions of different concentrations on thermal runaway flue gas, it was found that the volume of gas collected after the thermal runaway flue gas was the smallest after being treated with 0.05-0.5 mol / L NaOH solution, the effect was significant after being treated with 0.1-0.2 mol / L NaOH solution, and the best effect was achieved after being treated with 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution.

[0053] When the thermal runaway flue gas is transported to the NaOH solution, the NaOH solution reacts with the electrolyte and CO in the thermal runaway flue gas. 2 POF 3 React with acidic substances such as HF, for example, the ester in the electrolyte reacts with NaOH solution: CHOOCR + NaOH = RCOONa + CHOH; CO 2 Reaction with NaOH solution: 2NaOH+CO 2 =Na 2 CO 3 +H 2 O; subsequent CO 2 Also happens: 2 CO 3 +CO 2 +H 2 O=2NaHCO 3 POF 3 Reaction with NaOH solution: POF 3 +2NaOH=NaPF 2 O 2 +NaF+H 2 O; HF reacts with NaOH solution: NaOH + HF = NaF + H 2 O, after the above reaction, the volume of the thermal runaway flue gas is greatly reduced, so that the subsequent treatment cost is greatly reduced.

[0054] Table 1 Unprocessed full-charge 32650 battery out-of-control data

[0055]

[0056] Table 2 Treatment results of different concentrations of NaOH solution

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] According to the above test data, when the thermal runaway flue gas of the fully charged 32650 battery after thermal runaway is not treated in any way, the collected gas volume is 4L. When the thermal runaway flue gas of the fully charged 32650 battery after thermal runaway passes through a NaOH solution with a concentration of 0.5mol / L or more, the collected gas is generally greater than 2L, and the treatment effect is not ideal. After the thermal runaway flue gas of the fully charged 32650 battery after thermal runaway passes through a 0.05-0.5mol / L NaOH solution, the gas volume is small, all below 2L. After being treated with 0.1-0.2mol / L sodium hydroxide, the effect is significant. After being treated with 0.1mol / L sodium hydroxide, the collected gas volume is the smallest, only about 1L, and the effect is the best. Therefore, 0.05-0.5mol / L NaOH solution has a good treatment effect on the thermal runaway flue gas after battery thermal runaway.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] It can be seen from the description in Example 1 that an alkaline solution of a certain concentration can effectively treat the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the volume of the treated thermal runaway flue gas is greatly reduced. On this basis, this embodiment further treats the residual gas after the above treatment through an adsorption medium, so that the treated gas is completely incombustible and can be directly discharged to improve the safety of the energy storage system.

[0062] The thermal runaway flue gas treatment method provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0063] 1. Transport the thermal runaway flue gas to a 0.05-0.5 mol alkaline solution for treatment;

[0064] The alkaline solution is specifically a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, etc. The alkaline solution can not only dissolve the electrolyte in the battery thermal runaway flue gas, but also 2 POF 3 It has a good treatment effect on acidic gases such as HF;

[0065] 2. Treat the thermal runaway flue gas after being treated with the alkaline solution through an adsorption medium;

[0066] In this process, the remaining thermal runaway flue gas after the alkaline solution treatment is adsorbed by the adsorption medium to absorb the excess H 2 , CO, methane and other gases, the adsorption medium can specifically be activated carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, graphite, alumina, montmorillonite, silicate, phosphate or porous glass; preferably, the above-mentioned adsorption medium selects activated carbon with relatively low cost and relatively excellent treatment effect, generally activated carbon or modified activated carbon with a higher iodine value is selected, this type of activated carbon is easy to adsorb small molecular weight gases in thermal runaway flue gas, for example, it is easy to react with hydrogen, methane, etc.

[0067] When the thermal runaway flue gas from a fully charged 32650 battery is out of control without any treatment, the volume of the collected gas is 4L. After treatment with 0.1mol / L NaOH solution and activated carbon, the collected gas is only about 0.3-0.5L, and the gas is non-flammable. It can be seen that the above-mentioned combined treatment method can effectively treat the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the battery.

[0068] Table 3 Absorption effect of P-B-3 activated carbon on thermal runaway flue gas

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] Table 4 Adsorption test after combining NaOH solution and activated carbon

[0072]

[0073] Through the test data, it was found that the use of NaOH solution and activated carbon (No. 1 gas filter canister PB-3 activated carbon) to treat the thermal runaway flue gas of the battery thermal runaway air is very effective. After many tests, it was found that the thermal runaway flue gas after the fully charged 32650 battery ran away was first treated with 1500mL0.1 mol / LNaOH solution, and then adsorbed by 270g activated carbon (installed in 3 1m long quarter tubes). The collected gas volume was 0.3~0.5L, and the collected gas was non-flammable.

[0074] The test was then scaled up to conduct thermal runaway smoke treatment tests on two 30Ah batteries and a 202Ah battery.

[0075] Table 52 30Ah battery thermal runaway adsorption test

[0076]

[0077] Table 6202Ah large battery thermal runaway adsorption test

[0078]

[0079] It can be seen from the above test data that when two 30AH batteries thermally run away, using 3L of NaOH solution and 2KG of activated carbon can make the treated gas completely non-flammable; when the 202Ah battery thermally runs away, using 10L of NaOH solution and 6.5KG of activated carbon can make the treated gas completely non-flammable. It can be seen that the corresponding relationship between the battery capacity value and the alkaline solution and adsorption medium is: the thermal runaway flue gas generated by a battery with a capacity of C1AH is treated with at least (0.05×C1)L of alkaline solution and (32×C1)g of adsorption medium; under this relationship, the smallest alkaline solution and adsorption medium can be used to effectively treat the thermal runaway flue gas when the battery thermal runaways.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, which includes at least one treatment tank body 1, on which a flue gas inlet 13 and a flue gas outlet 14 are provided; the treatment tank body 1 is filled with a 0.05-0.5 mol / L alkaline solution, and the thermal runaway flue gas passes through the flue gas inlet 13 and directly reacts with the alkaline solution in the treatment tank body 1, and the alkaline solution treats the electrolyte and gas in the thermal runaway flue gas, thereby achieving effective treatment of the thermal runaway flue gas of the battery. Specifically, the thermal runaway flue gas has a significant effect after being treated with a NaOH solution with a concentration of 0.1-0.2 mol / L, and the best effect is achieved after being treated with a 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution.

[0082] The shape of the above-mentioned treatment tank body 1 is not limited, and can be a rectangular tank body, a circular tank body, an elliptical tank body, etc. In this embodiment, the treatment tank body 1 specifically adopts a circular tank body, and the circular tank body has good pressure-bearing performance. At the same time, in this embodiment, the flue gas inlet 13 can be specifically set at the bottom of the circular tank body, and the flue gas outlet 14 is set at the top of the energy storage box body. This arrangement allows the thermal runaway flue gas to fully pass through the alkaline solution in the circular tank body, fully treat the thermal runaway flue gas, and further improve the treatment effect.

[0083] The above-mentioned treatment tank body 1 is a split structure, which can mainly adopt the following structural forms: first, the treatment tank body 1 is mainly composed of a cylinder body 11 with an open end and an end cover 12 arranged at the open end; second, the treatment tank body 1 is mainly composed of a cylinder body 11 with open ends and two end covers 12 arranged at the open ends;

[0084] In the above two structures, in order to ensure the sealing of the treatment tank body 1, it is preferred to use a cylinder body 11 with an open top and an end cover 12 arranged at the open end to form the treatment tank body 1. When the end cover 12 is connected to the cylinder body 11, it can be connected by thread or flange. No matter which connection method is used, it is necessary to pay attention to the sealing of the connection. In this case, the smoke inlet 13 can be set on the bottom plate of the cylinder body, and the smoke outlet 14 can be set on the end cover.

[0085] In addition, a dispersing component 15 is also provided in the above-mentioned treatment tank body 1, which is used to disperse and divert the thermal runaway flue gas entering the treatment tank body 1, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can fully contact and react with the alkaline solution. The dispersing component 15 includes at least one foam copper column, which is fixed to the flue gas inlet 13 during specific installation, and is used to disperse and divert the thermal runaway flue gas entering the treatment tank body 1; foam copper is a structure with a large number of three-dimensional holes in a copper matrix, which has a dispersing and buffering effect on the fluid. When in use, it is processed into a columnar structure and installed on the flue gas inlet 13. The thermal runaway flue gas enters from the bottom of the foam copper column through the flue gas inlet 13, and then flows out through the side wall or top of the foam copper column to achieve the dispersion and buffering effect on the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0086] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, a first one-way valve 16 is installed at the flue gas inlet 13 of the above-mentioned treatment tank body 1, and the first one-way valve 16 prevents the problem of reflux of the alkaline solution in the treatment tank body 1. At the same time, a second one-way valve 17 can also be provided at the flue gas outlet 14 of the treatment tank body 1. The second one-way valve 17 is used to prevent the volatilization of the alkaline solution. The second one-way valve 17 is a pressure valve. After the thermal runaway flue gas flows into the treatment tank body 1, it opens when the pressure of the treatment tank body 1 exceeds the threshold. In other embodiments, a solenoid valve can also be provided at the flue gas outlet 14 of the treatment tank body 1. The solenoid valve is a normally closed valve, which is usually closed to prevent the volatilization of the alkaline solution. When the battery is out of control, the battery management system BMS opens the solenoid valve.

[0087] In addition, if Figure 2 As shown, a porous plate 18 may also be provided on the top of the inner cavity of the treatment tank body 1, and the porous plate 18 is used to place an adsorption medium. When the thermal runaway flue gas passes through the alkaline solution, it will carry part of the alkaline solution, and the alkaline solution can be adsorbed by the adsorption medium on the porous plate 18, so that the gas discharged from the treatment tank body 1 is safer.

[0088] Example 4

[0089] like Figure 3As shown, the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in this embodiment is similar to Example 3. The difference from Example 3 is that the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in this embodiment also includes an adsorption pipeline 2 connected to the outlet end of the above-mentioned treatment tank body 1, and the adsorption pipeline 2 is filled with an adsorption medium for treating the residual gas after the treatment tank body 1 is treated.

[0090] The adsorption pipeline 2 can be specifically a long and thin pipeline filled with an adsorption medium, and the long and thin pipeline extends the adsorption path of the adsorption medium, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can fully contact and react with the adsorption medium in the long and thin pipeline. When specifically connected, the end of the long and thin pipeline is provided with a thread, which is connected to the flue gas outlet 14 of the treatment tank body 1, or connected to the second one-way valve 17.

[0091] The adsorption pipeline 2 is filled with an adsorption medium, which is specifically activated carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, graphite, alumina, montmorillonite, silicate, phosphate or porous glass, etc., and is used to treat the residual gas after the treatment tank 1 is treated, for example, to adsorb excess H 2 , CO, methane, etc. Since the alkalinity in the treatment tank 1 is used to treat the thermal runaway flue gas, the amount of adsorption medium filled in the adsorption pipeline 2 can be greatly reduced, so that the treatment cost of the thermal runaway flue gas is greatly reduced.

[0092] The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in this embodiment introduces the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery into the treatment tank body 1 for treatment. The treatment tank body 1 performs targeted treatment on the electrolyte and part of the gas carried in the thermal runaway flue gas of the battery to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose and react to produce gas, thereby reducing the gas production of the thermal runaway gas of the battery. The subsequent adsorption pipeline 2 can complete the treatment of the thermal runaway flue gas with less adsorption medium. At the same time, the treated gas is not flammable, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage equipment.

Claims

1. A method for treating thermal runaway flue gas, characterized in that: The method comprises: The thermal runaway flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery is transported to a 0.05-0.5 mol / L alkaline solution to treat the thermal runaway flue gas.

2. The method for treating thermal runaway flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the alkaline solution is 0.1-0.2 mol / L.

3. The method for treating thermal runaway flue gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concentration of the alkaline solution is 0.1 mol / L.

4. The method for treating thermal runaway flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkaline solution is a NaOH solution.

5. The method for treating thermal runaway flue gas according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method also includes a process of transporting the thermal runaway flue gas treated with an alkaline solution to an adsorption medium for treatment.

6. The method for treating thermal runaway flue gas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adsorption medium is activated carbon.

7. The method for treating thermal runaway flue gas according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the method, the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the battery with a capacity of C1AH is treated with at least (0.05×C1)L of alkaline solution and (32×C1)g of adsorption medium.

8. A thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, characterized in that: It comprises at least one processing tank body, and the processing tank body is provided with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet; the processing tank body is filled with a 0.05-0.5 mol / L alkaline solution for treating the thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery.

9. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The alkaline solution in the treatment tank is a 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution.

10. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The processing tank body is provided with a breaking up assembly for breaking up and diverting the thermal runaway flue gas entering the processing tank body.

11. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A first one-way valve is arranged at the smoke inlet of the processing tank body, a second one-way valve is arranged at the smoke outlet, and a porous plate is also arranged at the top of the cavity of the processing tank body.

12. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes an adsorption pipeline connected to the smoke outlet of the treatment tank body, and the adsorption pipeline is filled with adsorption medium.

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