Deterministic shape correction machining method for parallelism and perpendicularity of square part

Abstract

The invention discloses a square part parallelism and perpendicularity deterministic modification processing method which comprises the following steps: S1, according to the parallelism and perpendicularity error S (x, y) of the surface of a to-be-processed square part, deterministic modification equipment obtains residence time distribution V (x, y) of the to-be-processed surface in the length and width directions through residence time calculation and conversion; s2, the deterministic shaping equipment does variable-speed motion along the length and width of the to-be-machined surface according to V (x, y) distributed by residence time, so that parallelism and perpendicularity error correction is carried out; s3, the parallelism and perpendicularity error of the square part to be machined is detected, and if the parallelism and perpendicularity error of the square part to be machined meets the preset requirement, machining is completed; otherwise, the step S1 and the step S2 are executed repeatedly till the parallelism and the perpendicularity of the square part to be machined meet the preset requirements. The method has the characteristics of simple principle, high machining precision, high automation degree and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-precision machining of part surfaces, and in particular to a deterministic shaping machining method for parallelism and verticality of a square part. Background Art

[0002] Rectangular parts are widely used in ultra-precision testing equipment, such as DUI's NMF and Taylor HophoScan high-precision non-contact 3D profilers. They are equipped with rectangular reference mirrors in the X and Y directions as a motion reference for real-time compensation. The parallelism (perpendicularity) of rectangular parts directly affects the assembly relationship of components. Therefore, the high-precision parallelism and perpendicularity manufacturing technology of rectangular parts is one of the key technologies. Conventional perpendicularity and parallelism shaping is usually guaranteed by machine tool accuracy and fixture design, which has high requirements for equipment and fixture manufacturing accuracy, and the improvement accuracy of parallelism and perpendicularity is limited. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problem that the shaping of the parallelism and verticality of rectangular parts is overly dependent on the accuracy of machine tools and fixtures, and the processing accuracy is limited, and to provide a deterministic shaping processing method for the parallelism and verticality of square parts which has a simple principle, is easy to operate and is conducive to improving processing accuracy.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A deterministic shaping method for parallelism and verticality of a square part comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step S1, according to the parallelism and perpendicularity errors S(x, y) of the surface of the square part to be processed, the deterministic shaping device obtains the residence time distribution V(x, y) of the surface of the square part to be processed in the length and width directions through residence time solution and conversion;

[0007] Step S2, the deterministic shaping device moves at a variable speed along the surface of the square part to be processed with a dwell time distribution V(x, y) in length and width to correct the parallelism and perpendicularity errors;

[0008] Step S3, detecting the parallelism and verticality errors of the square part to be processed. If the parallelism and verticality errors of the square part to be processed meet the preset requirements, the processing is completed; otherwise, repeating steps S1 and S2 until the parallelism and verticality of the square part to be processed meet the preset requirements.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the parallelism and perpendicularity errors between the surface of the square part to be processed and the reference plane are measured according to three coordinates, the angular errors in the length and width directions are extracted, and the surface shape with only the angular errors is generated by MATLAB.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the step S1 further comprises:

[0011] Step S11, placing the square part to be processed on a three-coordinate measuring machine for point measurement, evaluating the parallelism and verticality errors of the surface of the square part to be processed relative to the reference plane through the three-coordinate measuring machine, and deriving the spatial point data of the surface to be processed;

[0012] Step S12, performing least square fitting on the spatial point data measured on the surface of the square part to be processed, and obtaining point cloud data of parallelism and verticality errors of the surface of the square part to be processed by subtracting it from the reference surface;

[0013] Step S13, according to the point cloud data of the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the surface of the square part to be processed, obtain the angular error a(x) in the length direction and the angular error a(y) in the width direction between the surface of the square part to be processed and the reference plane;

[0014] Step S14, reconstruct the parallelism and perpendicularity errors S(x, y) with only angle errors through malab.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S13, assuming that the length of the surface of the square part to be processed is L(x) and the width is L(y), the total elevation difference ΔX in the length direction and the total elevation difference ΔY in the width direction of the surface of the square part to be processed are obtained by calculation:

[0016] ΔX=L(x)*tan(a(x))

[0017] ΔY=L(y)*tan(a(y)).

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S14, the sagitta in the length direction of the surface of the square part to be processed is X(x, y), and the sagitta in the width direction is Y(x, y), and the calculation relationship of S(x, y) is obtained through the geometric relationship:

[0019] S(x,y)=(X(x,y)-X(1,1)) / L(x)*ΔX+(Y(x,y)-Y(1,1)) / L(y)*ΔY

[0020] According to the calculated S(x, y) and part shape, the surface data that can be read by the deterministic shaping equipment is constructed through MATLAB.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the step S2 further includes inputting the surface shape data obtained in step S14 into the deterministic polishing device to calculate the dwell time and process the surface of the square part to be processed.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0023] The method for determining the parallelism and perpendicularity of a square part of the present invention measures the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the surface of the part to be processed relative to a reference plane according to three-coordinate measurements, extracts the angular errors of the surface of the part to be processed in the length direction and the width direction, generates a surface shape with only the angular error through MATLAB, and solves the residence time according to the computer equipment programming magnetorheological (ion beam or small grinding head) deterministic shaping equipment to obtain the velocity distribution of the entire surface of the part to be processed, and performs parallelism and perpendicularity processing until the parallelism and perpendicularity of the part to be processed meet the requirements of the drawing. The method realizes high-precision correction of the parallelism and perpendicularity of the square part, has low design requirements for tooling and fixtures, does not change the surface shape of the processed surface, has wide applicability, and is not limited to optical rectangular parts and single numerical control equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the deterministic shaping process of parallelism and verticality of square parts in a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "side", "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0028] Example

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the deterministic shaping processing method for parallelism and verticality of a square part of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0030] Step S1, according to the parallelism and perpendicularity errors S(x, y) of the surface of the square part to be processed, the deterministic shaping device obtains the residence time distribution V(x, y) of the surface of the square part to be processed in the length and width directions through residence time solution and conversion;

[0031] Step S2, the deterministic shaping device moves at a variable speed along the surface of the square part to be processed with a dwell time distribution V(x, y) in length and width to correct the parallelism and perpendicularity errors;

[0032] Step S3, detecting the parallelism and verticality errors of the square part to be processed. If the parallelism and verticality errors of the square part to be processed meet the preset requirements, the processing is completed; otherwise, repeating steps S1 and S2 until the parallelism and verticality of the square part to be processed meet the preset requirements.

[0033] In step S1, the parallelism and perpendicularity errors between the surface of the square part to be processed and the reference plane are measured according to the three-coordinate measurement, the angular errors in the length and width directions are extracted, and the surface shape with only the angular errors is generated by MATLAB.

[0034] In this embodiment, the deterministic shaping device includes the following features:

[0035] (1) Having a stable removal function with little fluctuation over time to meet the efficiency of correcting parallelism and perpendicularity;

[0036] (2) Have a stable motion system and meet the size requirements of the parts;

[0037] (3) It has the processing capability for surfaces of different shapes to meet the parallelism and verticality correction of parts surfaces at different angles (not limited to rectangular parts parallel to the platform plane).

[0038] Step S1 of this embodiment further includes:

[0039] Step S11, placing the square part to be processed on the three-coordinate measuring machine for point measurement, evaluating the parallelism and verticality errors of the surface of the square part to be processed relative to the reference plane through the three-coordinate measuring machine, and deriving the spatial point data of the surface to be processed.

[0040] Step S12, performing least square fitting on the spatial point data measured on the surface of the square part to be processed, and obtaining point cloud data of parallelism and verticality errors of the surface of the square part to be processed by subtracting it from the reference plane.

[0041] Step S13, according to the point cloud data of the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the surface of the square part to be processed, the angle error a(x) in the length direction and the angle error a(y) in the width direction between the surface of the square part to be processed and the reference plane are obtained; assuming that the length of the surface of the square part to be processed is L(x) and the width is L(y), the total sagittal difference ΔX in the length direction and the total sagittal difference ΔY in the width direction of the surface of the square part to be processed are obtained by calculation:

[0042] ΔX=L(x)*tan(a(x))

[0043] ΔY=L(y)*tan(a(y)).

[0044] Step S14, reconstruct the parallelism and perpendicularity errors S(x, y) with only angle errors through malab; the sagitta in the length direction of the surface of the square part to be processed is X(x, y), and the sagitta in the width direction is Y(x, y), and the calculation relationship of S(x, y) is obtained through geometric relationships:

[0045] S(x,y)=(X(x,y)-X(1,1)) / L(x)*ΔX+(Y(x,y)-Y(1,1)) / L(y)*ΔY

[0046] According to the calculated S(x, y) and the part shape, the surface data that can be read by the deterministic shaping equipment is constructed through MATLAB. This surface data only contains the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the part.

[0047] The surface shape data obtained in step S14 is input into the deterministic polishing device to calculate the dwell time, and the surface of the square part to be processed is processed. If the parallelism and verticality of the square part to be processed do not meet the preset requirements, steps S11 to S14 are repeated to obtain surface shape data, and the surface shape data is input into the deterministic polishing device, and the part to be processed is repeatedly modified until it meets the design requirements.

[0048] In this embodiment, the parallelism and verticality errors of the surface of the part to be processed relative to the reference plane are measured according to the three-coordinate measurement, the angular errors in the length direction and width direction of the surface of the part to be processed are extracted, and the surface shape with only the angular error is generated by matlab. The removal characteristics of the magnetorheological (ion beam or small grinding head) deterministic shaping equipment are programmed according to the computer equipment, and the residence time is solved to obtain the velocity distribution of the entire surface of the part to be processed, and the parallelism and verticality processing is performed until the parallelism and verticality of the part to be processed meet the requirements of the drawing. The present invention realizes the high-precision correction of the parallelism and verticality of square parts, has low design requirements for tooling and fixtures, does not change the surface shape of the processing surface, has wide applicability, and is not limited to optical rectangular parts and single CNC equipment.

[0049] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deterministic shaping method for parallelism and verticality of square parts, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, according to the parallelism and perpendicularity errors S(x, y) of the surface of the square part to be processed, the deterministic shaping device obtains the residence time distribution V(x, y) of the surface of the square part to be processed in the length and width directions through residence time solution and conversion; Step S2, the deterministic shaping device moves at a variable speed along the surface of the square part to be processed with a dwell time distribution V(x, y) in length and width to correct the parallelism and perpendicularity errors; Step S3, detecting the parallelism and verticality errors of the square part to be processed. If the parallelism and verticality errors of the square part to be processed meet the preset requirements, the processing is completed; otherwise, repeating steps S1 and S2 until the parallelism and verticality of the square part to be processed meet the preset requirements.

2. The method for determining the parallelism and perpendicularity of a square part according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the parallelism and perpendicularity errors between the surface of the square part to be processed and the reference plane are measured according to three coordinates, the angular errors in the length direction and the width direction are extracted, and the surface shape with only the angular errors is generated by MATLAB.

3. The method for determining the parallelism and perpendicularity of a square part according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step S1 further comprises: Step S11, placing the square part to be processed on a three-coordinate measuring machine for point measurement, evaluating the parallelism and verticality errors of the surface of the square part to be processed relative to the reference plane through the three-coordinate measuring machine, and deriving the spatial point data of the surface to be processed; Step S12, performing least square fitting on the spatial point data measured on the surface of the square part to be processed, and obtaining point cloud data of parallelism and verticality errors of the surface of the square part to be processed by subtracting it from the reference surface; Step S13, according to the point cloud data of the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the surface of the square part to be processed, obtain the angular error a(x) in the length direction and the angular error a(y) in the width direction between the surface of the square part to be processed and the reference plane; Step S14, reconstruct the parallelism and perpendicularity errors S(x, y) with only angle errors through malab.

4. The method for determining the parallelism and verticality of a square part according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S13, assuming that the length of the surface of the square part to be processed is L(x) and the width is L(y), the total elevation difference ΔX in the length direction and the total elevation difference ΔY in the width direction of the surface of the square part to be processed are obtained by calculation: ΔX=L(x)*tan(a(x)) ΔY=L(y)*tan(a(y)).

5. The method for determining the parallelism and verticality of a square part according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S14, the sagitta in the length direction of the surface of the square part to be processed is X(x, y), and the sagitta in the width direction is Y(x, y). The calculation relationship of S(x, y) is obtained through geometric relationship: S(x,y)=(X(x,y)-X(1,1)) / L(x)*ΔX+(Y(x,y)-Y(1,1)) / L(y)*ΔY According to the calculated S(x, y) and part shape, the surface data that can be read by the deterministic shaping equipment is constructed through MATLAB.

6. The method for determining the parallelism and perpendicularity of a square part according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S2 further includes inputting the surface shape data obtained in step S14 into a deterministic polishing device to calculate the dwell time and process the surface of the square part to be processed.

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