Steering system and steering method

Abstract

The steering system comprises an oil tank, an oil pump, an electromagnetic valve, a steering gear, a first oil cylinder, a second oil cylinder and a flow amplifying valve, the oil pump extracts hydraulic oil from the oil tank and provides pressure oil through an oil outlet of the oil pump, and the electromagnetic valve is provided with a first electromagnetic valve position and a second electromagnetic valve position and used for switching oil paths. The steering gear is provided with an oil inlet, an oil return port, an L oil supply port and an R oil supply port, oil is distributed according to a steering instruction, when the electromagnetic valve is located at a first electromagnetic valve position, a first oil cylinder small cavity and a second oil cylinder large cavity are controlled to obtain oil or the first oil cylinder large cavity and the second oil cylinder small cavity are controlled to obtain oil to achieve rapid rotation, and when the electromagnetic valve is electrified and located at a second electromagnetic valve position, the steering gear is driven to rotate. The hydraulic oil bypasses the flow amplifying valve and directly enters the first oil cylinder large cavity or the second oil cylinder large cavity, so that low-speed steering operation is completed, the high-speed steering effect and the low-speed steering effect are achieved, the applicability, stability, accuracy and economical efficiency of a steering system are improved, and the requirements of different users are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular to a steering system and a steering method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the steering system of loaders mainly relies on large-displacement steering gear steering system and flow amplification valve steering system. Both systems adopt the design of supplying oil to two cylinders at the same time, ensuring the stability and power output of the loader during steering. The large-displacement steering gear directly uses a large-displacement pump to provide sufficient flow, while the flow amplification valve system controls the output of large flow through a small pilot flow to achieve steering operation.

[0003] During operation, loaders have different requirements for steering speed. In scenarios that require fast steering, such as emergency obstacle avoidance or rapid adjustment of the operating position, the loader needs to be able to respond to operating instructions quickly and sensitively to improve operating efficiency. In some situations that require delicate operations, such as operations in narrow spaces, the loader requires slow and precise steering to ensure the safety and accuracy of the operation. Therefore, the steering system of the loader needs to take into account both the sensitivity of fast steering and the accuracy of slow steering.

[0004] However, the current loader steering system has certain shortcomings in both fast and slow steering. In fast steering, the need to provide a large flow to both cylinders at the same time leads to a significant increase in energy consumption, and the steering accuracy is often difficult to accurately grasp. In slow steering, although energy consumption is reduced and steering accuracy is improved, the steering speed is too slow and may not meet the efficiency requirements of certain operating scenarios. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome at least one of the defects of the prior art described above, the present invention provides a steering system and a steering method, which can solve the problem of low applicability caused by the loader not having two steering systems, namely, fast steering and slow steering.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the problem is:

[0007] A steering system comprising:

[0008] tank;

[0009] An oil pump, the oil pump having an oil pump inlet and an oil pump outlet, the oil pump inlet being connected to the oil tank;

[0010] A solenoid valve having a first solenoid valve position and a second solenoid valve position;

[0011] A steering gear, the steering gear having a steering gear oil inlet, a steering gear oil return port, a steering gear L oil supply port and a steering gear R oil supply port;

[0012] A first oil cylinder, the first oil cylinder having a first oil cylinder large chamber and a first oil cylinder small chamber;

[0013] A second oil cylinder, the second oil cylinder having a second oil cylinder large cavity and a second oil cylinder small cavity;

[0014] A flow amplification valve, wherein the flow amplification valve has a reversing valve, a first flow amplification oil outlet and a second flow amplification oil outlet, the reversing valve has a first reversing valve position, a second reversing valve position and a third reversing valve position, the oil pump outlet is connected to the reversing valve, the second reversing valve position of the reversing valve is a valve position when the reversing valve is not subjected to a reversing power, and when the reversing valve is in the second reversing valve position, the reversing valve cuts off the oil pump outlet from flowing through the reversing valve;

[0015] When the solenoid valve is in the first solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet is connected to the steering gear oil inlet. When the steering gear is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet flows out through the steering gear L oil supply port and enters one side of the reversing valve, switching the reversing valve to the first reversing valve position. When the reversing valve is in the first reversing valve position, the reversing valve converts the hydraulic oil supplied by the oil pump outlet to the first flow amplification outlet and transmits it to the first oil cylinder small chamber and the second oil cylinder large chamber.

[0016] When the solenoid valve is in the first solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet is connected to the steering gear oil inlet. When the steering gear is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet flows in through the steering gear R oil supply port and enters the other side of the reversing valve, switching the reversing valve to the third reversing valve position. When the reversing valve is in the third reversing valve position, the reversing valve converts the hydraulic oil supplied by the oil pump outlet to the second flow amplification outlet and transmits it to the first oil cylinder large chamber and the second oil cylinder small chamber.

[0017] When the solenoid valve is energized and in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet is connected to the steering gear oil inlet, and when the steering gear is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port, the first oil cylinder large chamber is supplied with oil;

[0018] When the solenoid valve is energized and is in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet is connected to the steering gear oil inlet, and when the steering gear is adjusted to the steering gear oil inlet being connected to the steering gear R oil supply port, the second oil cylinder large chamber obtains oil.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a first valve core group, when the solenoid valve is in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet is connected to the solenoid valve, and after the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet flows through the solenoid valve, the first valve core group is controlled to switch direction;

[0020] When the first valve core group is switched, the steering gear is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port, and the first oil cylinder large chamber obtains oil;

[0021] When the first valve core group is switched, the steering gear is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port, and the second oil cylinder large chamber obtains oil.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a first pressure reducing valve, which is arranged between the solenoid valve and the oil pump outlet, so that when the solenoid valve is in the second solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet flows into the solenoid valve after being decelerated by the first pressure reducing valve, and the hydraulic oil flows through the solenoid valve and then flows into the first valve core group, so that the first valve core group is reversed.

[0023] Furthermore, the first valve core group includes a first valve core, a second valve core, a third valve core and a fourth valve core, and the steering gear is also provided with a pressure feedback oil port;

[0024] The first valve core and the second valve core are arranged on the pipeline between the steering gear and the flow amplification valve. After the first valve core and the second valve core are switched, the pressure feedback oil port passes through the second valve core and the first valve core in sequence to the flow amplification valve, and the oil outlet of the oil pump passes through the flow amplification valve, passes through the second valve core, and then flows to the oil inlet of the steering gear;

[0025] The third valve core and the fourth valve core are both arranged on the pipeline between the steering gear and the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder;

[0026] When the third valve core and the fourth valve core are switched, the steering gear oil inlet is connected with the steering gear L oil supply port, and the hydraulic oil flows into the first oil cylinder large chamber through the steering gear L oil supply port;

[0027] When the third valve core and the fourth valve core are switched, the steering gear oil inlet is connected with the steering gear L oil supply port, and the hydraulic oil flows into the second oil cylinder large chamber through the steering gear R oil supply port.

[0028] Furthermore, it includes a second pressure reducing valve, which is arranged between the second valve core and the steering gear. When the solenoid valve is in the first solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet passes through the second valve core and the second pressure reducing valve in sequence and then flows into the steering gear oil inlet.

[0029] Furthermore, the second pressure reducing valve and the pipeline from the second valve core to the steering gear oil inlet have a confluence point, and a one-way valve is provided on the pipeline from the second pressure reducing valve to the confluence point to limit the hydraulic oil flowing through the second pressure reducing valve to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet, and a one-way valve is provided on the pipeline from the second valve core to the confluence point to limit the hydraulic oil flowing through the second valve core to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet.

[0030] Further, the first oil cylinder large chamber, the first oil cylinder small chamber, the second oil cylinder large chamber and the second oil cylinder small chamber are all provided with oil replenishment pipelines connected to the oil tank, and the pipelines of the first oil cylinder large chamber, the first oil cylinder small chamber, the second oil cylinder large chamber and the second oil cylinder small chamber respectively connected to the oil tank are provided with one-way valves for supplying hydraulic oil from the oil tank to the first oil cylinder large chamber, the first oil cylinder small chamber, the second oil cylinder large chamber and the second oil cylinder small chamber respectively, so as to replenish oil to the first oil cylinder large chamber, the first oil cylinder small chamber, the second oil cylinder large chamber and the second oil cylinder small chamber.

[0031] The present invention also provides a steering method, using the above-mentioned steering system, when the steering gear is turned to steer, the hydraulic oil enters the first oil cylinder small chamber and the second oil cylinder large chamber through the flow amplification valve, or the first oil cylinder large chamber and the second oil cylinder small chamber, so as to realize the rapid steering of the loader;

[0032] When the solenoid valve is turned on and the steering gear is rotated, the hydraulic oil bypasses the flow amplification valve and directly enters the first oil cylinder large chamber or the second oil cylinder large chamber to achieve slow steering of the loader.

[0033] In summary, the steering system and steering method provided by the present invention have the following technical effects:

[0034] 1. By controlling the switch of the solenoid valve, the direction of the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump is adjusted. When the solenoid valve is in the closed state, that is, the solenoid valve is in the first solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump is adjusted through the steering gear to adjust the position of the reversing valve accordingly, so that the hydraulic oil pump, the reversing valve, the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder are connected, that is, the hydraulic oil flows into the first oil cylinder small cavity and the second oil cylinder large cavity respectively after the flow is amplified by the reversing valve in the flow amplification valve, or the first oil cylinder large cavity and the second oil cylinder small cavity, that is, oil is supplied to the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder at the same time, so as to achieve fast steering. When the solenoid valve is in the open state, that is, the solenoid valve is in the second solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump will directly flow into the first oil cylinder large cavity or the second oil cylinder large cavity through the steering gear, that is, the hydraulic oil will bypass the flow amplification valve, and the adjustment of the solenoid valve realizes the oil supply of a single oil cylinder (the first oil cylinder large cavity or the second oil cylinder large cavity), so as to achieve slow steering.

[0035] 2. The switching between fast steering and slow steering can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of the driver. During high-demand steering (such as steering during high-speed driving), the system provides a higher hydraulic oil flow rate to improve the steering response speed; while during low-speed operations (such as parking or fine steering), the system reduces the oil flow rate to provide a smoother and more controllable steering force, increasing the stability, safety and economy of the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the solenoid valve of the present invention in a closed state;

[0037] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of the left part;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the solenoid valve of the present invention in an open state;

[0039] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of the left part;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a fourth valve core of the present invention.

[0041] Among them, the meanings of the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1. Oil tank; 2. Oil pump; 21. Oil pump oil inlet; 22. Oil pump oil outlet; 3. Solenoid valve; 4. Steering gear; 41. Steering gear oil inlet; 42. Steering gear oil return port; 43. Steering gear L oil supply port; 44. Steering gear R oil supply port; 45. Pressure feedback oil port; 5. First oil cylinder; 51. First oil cylinder large cavity; 52. First oil cylinder small cavity; 6. Second oil cylinder; 61. Second oil cylinder large cavity; 62. Second oil cylinder small cavity; 7. Flow amplification valve; 71. Reversing valve; 72. First flow amplification oil outlet; 73. Second flow amplification oil outlet; 81. First valve core; 82. Second valve core; 83. Third valve core; 84. Fourth valve core; 91. First pressure reducing valve; 92. Second pressure reducing valve; 10. Confluence point; 101. Check valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] For better understanding and implementation, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described and discussed below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, what is described here is only a part of the examples of the present invention, not all the examples. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In order to facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will be further explained by taking specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the drawings, and each embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention discloses a steering system, including an oil tank 1, an oil pump 2, a solenoid valve 3, a steering gear 4, a first oil cylinder 5, a second oil cylinder 6 and a flow amplification valve 7. The oil pump 2 has an oil pump oil inlet 21 and an oil pump oil outlet 22, and the oil pump oil inlet 21 is connected to the oil tank 1. The solenoid valve 3 has a first solenoid valve position and a second solenoid valve position. The steering gear 4 has a steering gear oil inlet 41, a steering gear oil return port 42, a steering gear L oil supply port 43 and a steering gear R oil supply port 44. The first oil cylinder 5 has a first oil cylinder large cavity 51 and a first oil cylinder small cavity 52. ​​The second oil cylinder 6 has a second oil cylinder large cavity 61 and a second oil cylinder small cavity 62. The flow amplifying valve 7 has a reversing valve 71, a first flow amplifying oil outlet 72 and a second flow amplifying oil outlet 73. The reversing valve 71 has a first reversing valve position, a second reversing valve position and a third reversing valve position. The oil pump outlet 22 is connected to the reversing valve 71. The second reversing valve position of the reversing valve 71 is the valve position when the reversing valve 71 is not subjected to a reversing power. When the reversing valve 71 is in the second reversing valve position, the reversing valve 71 cuts off the oil pump outlet 22 from flowing through the reversing valve 71.

[0047] When the solenoid valve 3 is in the first solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet 22 is connected to the steering gear oil inlet 41, and when the steering gear 4 is adjusted to the steering gear oil inlet 41 being connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 flows out through the steering gear L oil supply port 43 and enters one side of the reversing valve 71, switching the reversing valve 71 to the first reversing valve position. When the reversing valve 71 is in the first reversing valve position, the reversing valve 71 converts the hydraulic oil supplied by the oil pump outlet 22 to the first flow amplification oil outlet 72, and transmits it to the first oil cylinder small chamber 52 and the second oil cylinder large chamber 61;

[0048] When the solenoid valve 3 is in the first solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet 22 is connected to the steering gear oil inlet 41, and when the steering gear 4 is adjusted to the steering gear oil inlet 41 being connected to the steering gear R oil supply port 44, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 flows into the steering gear R oil supply port 44 and enters the other side of the reversing valve 71, switching the reversing valve 71 to the third reversing valve position. When the reversing valve 71 is in the third reversing valve position, the reversing valve 71 converts the hydraulic oil supplied by the oil pump outlet 22 to the second flow amplification outlet and transmits it to the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 and the second oil cylinder small chamber 62;

[0049] When the solenoid valve 3 is energized and in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet 22 is connected to the steering gear oil inlet 41, and when the steering gear 4 is adjusted to the steering gear oil inlet 41 being connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43, the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 is supplied with oil;

[0050] When the solenoid valve 3 is energized and in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet 22 is connected to the steering gear oil inlet 41, and when the steering gear 4 is adjusted to the steering gear oil inlet 41 being connected to the steering gear R oil supply port 44, the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 obtains oil.

[0051] Specifically, the oil pump 2 has an oil pump inlet 21 and an oil pump outlet 22, and the oil pump inlet 21 is connected to the oil tank 1. The solenoid valve 3 has a first solenoid valve position and a second solenoid valve position. The specific valve position adjustment of the solenoid valve 3 can be set according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the first solenoid valve 3 is the normal position of the solenoid valve 3. When the solenoid valve 3 is energized, the solenoid valve 3 will switch to the second solenoid valve position. The steering gear 4 has a steering gear oil inlet 41, a steering gear oil return port 42, a steering gear L oil supply port 43 and a steering gear R oil supply port 44. The steering gear oil inlet 41 is an interface for supplying oil to the steering gear 4. The steering gear oil return port 42 is connected to the oil tank 1 for returning oil. The steering gear L oil supply port 43 is an interface that the steering gear 4 oil supply port can be connected to when the steering gear 4 turns left. The steering gear R oil supply port 44 is an interface that the steering gear 4 oil supply port can be connected to when the steering gear 4 turns right. The first oil cylinder 5 has a first oil cylinder large chamber 51 and a first oil cylinder small chamber 52, and the second oil cylinder 6 has a second oil cylinder large chamber 61 and a second oil cylinder small chamber 62, wherein the large chamber (the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 and the second oil cylinder large chamber 61) is a thrust chamber, and when the hydraulic oil enters the large chamber, it can generate a large thrust. This allows the oil cylinder to overcome external loads, push the piston rod outward, and perform actions that require great force, such as steering operations of a vehicle. The small chamber (the first oil cylinder small chamber 52 and the second oil cylinder small chamber 62) is a return chamber, and when the hydraulic oil enters the small chamber, it can push the piston rod to provide a return force, that is, help the piston rod return to its initial position. This helps to control the retraction speed of the piston rod. The flow amplifying valve 7 has a reversing valve 71, a first flow amplifying oil outlet 72 and a second flow amplifying oil outlet 73. The reversing valve 71 has a first reversing valve position, a second reversing valve position and a third reversing valve position. When the reversing valve 71 is in the first reversing valve position, the reversing valve 71 converts the hydraulic oil supplied from the oil pump outlet 22 to the first flow amplifying oil outlet 72; when the reversing valve 71 is in the second reversing valve position, the reversing valve 71 cuts off the oil pump outlet 22 from flowing through the reversing valve 71; when the reversing valve 71 is in the third reversing valve position, the reversing valve 71 converts the hydraulic oil supplied from the oil pump outlet 22 to the second flow amplifying oil outlet 73.

[0052] It should be noted that the connection method between the above components is not limited here, and it can be connected through pipelines or pipeline switching through sliding valves, which is not limited here.

[0053] In some embodiments, the steering system further includes a first valve core group, and when the solenoid valve 3 is in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet 22 is connected to the solenoid valve 3, and the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 flows through the solenoid valve 3, and controls the first valve core group to switch direction;

[0054] When the first valve core group is switched, the steering gear 4 is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43, and the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 is supplied with oil;

[0055] When the first valve core group is switched, the steering gear 4 is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port 44 , and the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 obtains oil.

[0056] Specifically, the switching of the first valve core group is used to adjust whether the hydraulic oil bypasses the flow amplification valve 7, thereby simplifying the setting of the oil circuit, and no longer requiring more interfaces and more connections to realize the connection between the various components of the above structure.

[0057] In some embodiments, the steering system also includes a first pressure reducing valve 91, which is arranged between the solenoid valve 3 and the oil pump outlet 22, so that when the solenoid valve 3 is in the second solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 flows into the solenoid valve 3 after being decelerated by the first pressure reducing valve 91, and the hydraulic oil flows through the solenoid valve 3 and then flows into the first valve core group, so that the first valve core group changes direction.

[0058] Specifically, the first pressure reducing valve 91 is located between the oil pump outlet 22 and the solenoid valve 3, and is used to adjust the pressure of the high-pressure hydraulic oil provided by the oil pump 2, so as to achieve the effect of reducing and stabilizing the pressure. The hydraulic oil after pressure reduction flows through the solenoid valve 3 and flows into the first valve core group, which is used for the switching of the first valve core group. Therefore, the first pressure reducing valve 91 is used to adjust the pressure of the hydraulic oil. After passing through the solenoid valve 3, the hydraulic oil directly acts on the first valve core group to cause it to switch direction. The first valve core group determines the final oil flow direction according to the position of the steering gear 4 to achieve the required steering operation. Since the oil pressure has been properly adjusted, the first valve core group can complete the switching under safe and stable conditions.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first valve core group includes a first valve core 81, a second valve core 82, a third valve core 83 and a fourth valve core 84, and the steering gear 4 is further provided with a pressure feedback oil port 45;

[0060] The first valve core 81 and the second valve core 82 are arranged on the pipeline between the steering gear 4 and the flow amplification valve 7. After the first valve core 81 and the second valve core 82 are switched, the pressure feedback oil port 45 passes through the second valve core 82 and the first valve core 81 in sequence to the flow amplification valve 7, and the oil pump outlet 22 passes through the flow amplification valve 7 and then passes through the second valve core 82 to the steering gear oil inlet 41;

[0061] The third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 are both arranged on the pipeline between the steering gear 4 and the first oil cylinder 5 and the second oil cylinder 6;

[0062] When the third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 are switched, the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected with the steering gear L oil supply port 43, and the hydraulic oil flows into the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 through the steering gear L oil supply port 43;

[0063] When the third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 are switched, the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43 , and the hydraulic oil flows into the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 through the steering gear R oil supply port 44 .

[0064] Specifically, the first valve core 81 and the second valve core 82 are located on the pipeline between the steering gear 4 and the flow amplification valve 7, and are used to control the oil path from the steering gear 4 to the flow amplification valve 7 and from the flow amplification valve 7 back to the steering gear oil inlet 41. When the first valve core 81 and the second valve core 82 are switched, the flow direction of the oil will be changed, so that the pressure feedback oil port 45 can pass through the second valve core 82 and the first valve core 81 in sequence to reach the flow amplification valve 7, and the oil pump outlet 22 passes through the flow amplification valve 7 and then flows back to the steering gear oil inlet 41 through the second valve core 82 again.

[0065] The third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 are located on the pipeline between the steering gear 4 and the first oil cylinder 5 and the second oil cylinder 6, and are used to directly control the oil to enter the specific chambers of the first oil cylinder 5 and the second oil cylinder 6. When the third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 are switched, it can be determined whether the hydraulic oil flows into the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 or the second oil cylinder large chamber 61, which depends on the adjustment state of the steering gear 4 and the valve position of the solenoid valve 3.

[0066] In some embodiments, the steering system includes a second pressure reducing valve 92, which is disposed between the second valve core 82 and the steering gear 4. When the solenoid valve 3 is in the first solenoid valve position, that is, when the second valve core 82 is in the initial position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 passes through the second valve core 82 and the second pressure reducing valve 92 in sequence and then flows into the steering gear oil inlet 41.

[0067] Specifically, the main function of the second pressure reducing valve 92 is to appropriately reduce the pressure of the oil before it enters the steering gear 4. This is because when the second pressure reducing valve 92 is in the on state, the solenoid valve 3 is in the closed state, that is, the hydraulic oil after passing through the second pressure reducing valve 92 enters the two sides of the reversing valve 71 through the adjustment of the steering gear 4, so as to switch the reversing valve 71 to the first reversing valve position or the third reversing valve position. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the pressure of the hydraulic oil so that the reduced pressure hydraulic oil can act on the reversing of the reversing valve 71.

[0068] In some embodiments, the pipeline between the second pressure reducing valve 92 and the second valve core 82 to the steering gear oil inlet 41 has a confluence point 10, and a one-way valve 101 is provided on the pipeline between the second pressure reducing valve 92 and the confluence point 10 to limit the hydraulic oil flowing through the second pressure reducing valve 92 to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet 41. The pipeline between the second valve core 82 and the confluence point 10 is provided with a one-way valve 101 to limit the hydraulic oil flowing through the second valve core 82 to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet 41.

[0069] Specifically, in order to simplify the oil circuit entering the steering gear oil inlet 41, when the solenoid valve 3 is in the first solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil needs to enter the second pressure reducing valve 92 after passing through the second valve core 82 to be reduced in pressure and then used for the reversing of the reversing valve 71, so an independent branch is required; when the solenoid valve 3 is in the second solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil flowing through the second valve core 82 does not need to be reduced in pressure, and can directly enter the first cylinder large chamber 51 or the second cylinder large chamber 61 through the adjustment of the steering gear 4, so an independent branch is also required. On this basis, a confluence point 10 is set in the pipeline between the second pressure reducing valve 92 and the steering gear oil inlet 41 and between the second valve core 82 and the steering gear oil inlet 41. In order to ensure the accurate flow direction of the hydraulic oil, a one-way valve 101 is provided in the pipeline between the second pressure reducing valve 92 and the confluence point 10 to limit the hydraulic oil flowing through the second pressure reducing valve 92 to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet 41. A one-way valve 101 is provided in the pipeline between the second valve core 82 and the confluence point 10 to limit the hydraulic oil flowing through the second valve core 82 to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet 41.

[0070] In some embodiments, the first cylinder large chamber 51, the first cylinder small chamber 52, the second cylinder large chamber 61 and the second cylinder small chamber 62 are all provided with oil replenishment pipelines connected to the oil tank 1, and the pipelines of the first cylinder large chamber 51, the first cylinder small chamber 52, the second cylinder large chamber 61 and the second cylinder small chamber 62 respectively connected to the oil tank 1 are provided with check valves 101 for supplying hydraulic oil from the oil tank 1 to the first cylinder large chamber 51, the first cylinder small chamber 52, the second cylinder large chamber 61 and the second cylinder small chamber 62 respectively, so as to replenish the first cylinder large chamber 51, the first cylinder small chamber 52, the second cylinder large chamber 61 and the second cylinder small chamber 62.

[0071] Specifically, independent oil replenishment pipes connected to the oil tank 1 are provided between the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 and the oil tank 1, between the first oil cylinder small chamber 52 and the oil tank 1, between the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 and the oil tank 1, and between the second oil cylinder small chamber 62 and the oil tank 1. Correspondingly, in order not to affect the oiling of the first oil cylinder large chamber 51, the first oil cylinder small chamber 52, the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 and the second oil cylinder small chamber 62, a one-way valve 101 is provided on the pipelines between the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 and the oil tank 1, between the first oil cylinder small chamber 52 and the oil tank 1, between the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 and the oil tank 1, and between the second oil cylinder small chamber 62 and the oil tank 1, so that each oil replenishment pipe can only replenish oil and will not affect the oiling.

[0072] The present invention also provides a steering method, using the above-mentioned steering system, when the steering gear 4 is turned to steer, the hydraulic oil enters the first oil cylinder small chamber 52 and the second oil cylinder large chamber 61, or the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 and the second oil cylinder small chamber 62 through the flow amplification valve 7, so as to realize the rapid steering of the loader;

[0073] When the solenoid valve 3 is opened and the steering gear 4 is rotated, the hydraulic oil bypasses the flow amplification valve 7 and directly enters the first cylinder large chamber 51 or the second cylinder large chamber 61 to achieve slow steering of the loader.

[0074] Working principle:

[0075] When quick turns are required, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the solenoid valve 3 is in a closed state, that is, the solenoid valve 3 is in the first solenoid valve position, and the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 passes through the second valve core 82 in the initial state and enters the second pressure reducing valve 92 for pressure reduction. The hydraulic oil after pressure reduction enters the steering gear oil inlet 41, and then the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43 or the steering gear R oil supply port 44, which is divided into two situations:

[0076] a. When the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43, the hydraulic oil passes through the third valve core 83 and enters the right side of the reversing valve 71, switching the reversing valve 71 to the third reversing valve position, so that the high-pressure hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 flows through the reversing valve 71 in the third reversing valve position and then flows out through the second flow amplification oil outlet 73, and after being diverted by the fourth valve core 84, enters the first oil cylinder small chamber 52 and the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 respectively, thereby performing rapid steering in the L direction;

[0077] b. When the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port 44, the hydraulic oil passes through the third valve core 83 and enters the left side of the reversing valve 71, switching the reversing valve 71 to the first reversing valve position, so that the high-pressure hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 flows through the reversing valve 71 in the first reversing valve position and then flows out through the first flow amplification oil outlet 72. After being diverted by the fourth valve core 84, it enters the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 and the second oil cylinder small chamber 62 respectively, thereby performing rapid steering in the R direction.

[0078] When slow steering is required, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the solenoid valve 3 is in the open state, that is, the solenoid valve 3 is in the second solenoid valve position, and the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 is divided into two paths. One path enters the first pressure reducing valve 91, and then enters the solenoid valve 3 in the second solenoid valve position. Then, through the diversion of the pipeline, the hydraulic oil after passing through the solenoid valve 3 acts on the second valve core 82, the third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 respectively, thereby causing the second valve core 82, the third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 to switch. The other path directly enters the reversing oil inlet through the second valve core 82 after switching. At this time, the reversing oil inlet is connected to the pressure feedback oil port 45, and part of the hydraulic oil flows to the first valve core 81 through the negative pressure feedback oil port, so that the first valve core 81 is switched and flows to the flow amplifier valve 7 through the first valve core 81 for pressure monitoring. The hydraulic oil entering the reversing oil inlet is divided into two situations according to whether the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43 or the steering gear R oil supply port 44:

[0079] a. When the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43, the hydraulic oil passes through the third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 in sequence, and directly enters the first oil cylinder large chamber 51, thereby performing slow L direction steering. Correspondingly, the first oil cylinder small chamber 52, the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 and the second oil cylinder small chamber 62 are all in a floating state, and the pipelines between the first oil cylinder small chamber 52, the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 and the second oil cylinder small chamber 62 and the oil tank 1 replenish the three with oil;

[0080] b. When the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port 44, the hydraulic oil passes through the third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 in sequence, and directly enters the second cylinder large chamber 61, thereby performing slow R direction steering. Correspondingly, the first cylinder large chamber 51, the first cylinder small chamber 52 and the second cylinder small chamber 62 are all in a floating state, and the pipelines between the first cylinder large chamber 51, the first cylinder small chamber 52 and the second cylinder small chamber 62 and the oil tank 1 replenish oil to the three.

[0081] It should be noted that the flow amplification valve 7 is a conventional technology that can meet the required functions in the above working principle. The specific structure is not limited here. For the sake of ease of understanding, a small number of pipelines are shown with dotted lines in the attached drawings of the specification. The specific setting method of the flow amplification valve 7 is not limited to this.

[0082] The technical means disclosed in the scheme of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned implementation mode, but also include technical schemes composed of any combination of the above-mentioned technical features. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steering system, characterized in that: include: Fuel tank (1); An oil pump (2), the oil pump (2) having an oil pump inlet (21) and an oil pump outlet (22), the oil pump inlet (21) being in communication with the oil tank (1); A solenoid valve (3), wherein the solenoid valve (3) has a first solenoid valve position and a second solenoid valve position; A steering gear (4), the steering gear (4) having a steering gear oil inlet (41), a steering gear oil return port (42), a steering gear L oil supply port (43) and a steering gear R oil supply port (44); A first oil cylinder (5), the first oil cylinder (5) comprising a first oil cylinder large chamber (51) and a first oil cylinder small chamber (52); A second oil cylinder (6), the second oil cylinder (6) having a second oil cylinder large chamber (61) and a second oil cylinder small chamber (62); a flow amplifying valve (7), the flow amplifying valve (7) comprising a reversing valve (71), a first flow amplifying oil outlet (72) and a second flow amplifying oil outlet (73); the reversing valve (71) having a first reversing valve position, a second reversing valve position and a third reversing valve position; the oil pump outlet (22) is in communication with the reversing valve (71); the second reversing valve position of the reversing valve (71) is a valve position when the reversing valve (71) is not subjected to a reversing force; when the reversing valve (71) is in the second reversing valve position, the reversing valve (71) cuts off the oil pump outlet (22) from flowing through the reversing valve (71); When the solenoid valve (3) is in the first solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet (22) is connected to the steering gear oil inlet (41); when the steering gear (4) is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port (43), the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet (22) flows out through the steering gear L oil supply port (43) and enters one side of the reversing valve (71), switching the reversing valve (71) to the first reversing valve position; when the reversing valve (71) is in the first reversing valve position, the reversing valve (71) converts the hydraulic oil supplied by the oil pump outlet (22) to the first flow amplification outlet (72) and transmits it to the first oil cylinder small chamber (52) and the second oil cylinder large chamber (61); When the solenoid valve (3) is in the first solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet (22) is connected to the steering gear oil inlet (41); when the steering gear (4) is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port (44), the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet (22) flows through the steering gear R oil supply port (44) and then enters the other side of the reversing valve (71), switching the reversing valve (71) to the third reversing valve position; when the reversing valve (71) is in the third reversing valve position, the reversing valve (71) converts the hydraulic oil supplied by the oil pump outlet (22) to the second flow amplification outlet (73) and transmits it to the first oil cylinder large chamber (51) and the second oil cylinder small chamber (62); When the solenoid valve (3) is energized and in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet (22) is connected to the steering gear oil inlet (41), and when the steering gear (4) is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port (43), the first oil cylinder large chamber (51) is supplied with oil; When the solenoid valve (3) is energized and in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet (22) is connected to the steering gear oil inlet (41), and when the steering gear (4) is adjusted so that the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port (44), the second oil cylinder large chamber (61) receives oil.

2. A steering system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first valve core group, and when the solenoid valve (3) is in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet (22) is connected to the solenoid valve (3), and after the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet (22) flows through the solenoid valve (3), the first valve core group is controlled to switch direction; When the first valve core group is switched, the steering gear (4) is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port (43), and the first oil cylinder large chamber (51) obtains oil; When the first valve core group is switched, the steering gear (4) is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port (44), and the second oil cylinder large chamber (61) receives oil.

3. A steering system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a first pressure reducing valve (91), which is arranged between the solenoid valve (3) and the oil pump outlet (22), so that when the solenoid valve (3) is in the second solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet (22) flows into the solenoid valve (3) after being decelerated by the first pressure reducing valve (91), and the hydraulic oil flows into the first valve core group after flowing through the solenoid valve (3), so that the first valve core group is switched.

4. A steering system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first valve core group comprises a first valve core (81), a second valve core (82), a third valve core (83) and a fourth valve core (84); the steering gear (4) is also provided with a pressure feedback oil port (45); The first valve core (81) and the second valve core (82) are arranged on a pipeline between the steering gear (4) and the flow amplification valve (7); after the first valve core (81) and the second valve core (82) are switched, the pressure feedback oil port (45) passes through the second valve core (82) and the first valve core (81) in sequence and then reaches the flow amplification valve (7); the oil outlet (22) of the oil pump passes through the flow amplification valve (7) and then passes through the second valve core (82) and then flows to the steering gear oil inlet (41); The third valve core (83) and the fourth valve core (84) are both arranged on the pipeline between the steering gear (4) and the first oil cylinder (5) and the second oil cylinder (6); When the third valve core (83) and the fourth valve core (84) are switched, the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port (43), and the hydraulic oil flows into the first oil cylinder large chamber (51) through the steering gear L oil supply port (43); When the third valve core (83) and the fourth valve core (84) are switched, the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port (43), and the hydraulic oil flows into the second oil cylinder large chamber (61) through the steering gear R oil supply port (44).

5. A steering system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The invention comprises a second pressure reducing valve (92), wherein the second pressure reducing valve (92) is arranged between the second valve core (82) and the steering gear (4); when the solenoid valve (3) is in the first solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet (22) passes through the second valve core (82) and the second pressure reducing valve (92) in sequence and then flows into the steering gear oil inlet (41).

6. A steering system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second pressure reducing valve (92) and the pipeline between the second valve core (82) and the steering gear oil inlet (41) have a confluence point (10), and the pipeline between the second pressure reducing valve (92) and the confluence point (10) is provided with a one-way valve (101) for limiting the hydraulic oil flowing through the second pressure reducing valve (92) to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet (41), and the pipeline between the second valve core (82) and the confluence point (10) is provided with a one-way valve (101) for limiting the hydraulic oil flowing through the second valve core (82) to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet (41).

7. A steering system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first large oil cylinder chamber (51), the first small oil cylinder chamber (52), the second large oil cylinder chamber (61) and the second small oil cylinder chamber (62) are all provided with oil replenishment pipelines connected to the oil tank (1), and the pipelines connecting the first large oil cylinder chamber (51), the first small oil cylinder chamber (52), the second large oil cylinder chamber (61) and the second small oil cylinder chamber (62) with the oil tank (1) are provided with check valves (101) for supplying hydraulic oil from the oil tank (1) to the first large oil cylinder chamber (51), the first small oil cylinder chamber (52), the second large oil cylinder chamber (61) and the second small oil cylinder chamber (62) respectively, so as to replenish the first large oil cylinder chamber (51), the first small oil cylinder chamber (52), the second large oil cylinder chamber (61) and the second small oil cylinder chamber (62).

8. A steering method, using the steering system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: When the steering gear (4) is turned to perform steering, the hydraulic oil enters the first oil cylinder small chamber (52) and the second oil cylinder large chamber (61), or the first oil cylinder large chamber (51) and the second oil cylinder small chamber (62) through the flow amplification valve (7), so as to realize rapid steering of the loader; When the solenoid valve (3) is opened and the steering gear (4) is rotated, the hydraulic oil bypasses the flow amplification valve (7) and directly enters the first oil cylinder large chamber (51) or the second oil cylinder large chamber (61), thereby realizing slow steering of the loader.

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