Porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor

Abstract

The invention relates to operation equipment for on-site mixed loading of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives, in particular to a porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor which comprises a rack and a cylindrical shell arranged on the rack, a conical cavity with the upper end large in diameter and the lower end small in diameter is formed in the shell, and a feeding bin is arranged on the upper side of the shell. A partition cavity is formed between the shell and the cavity, an air supply unit is installed in the partition cavity, a discharging channel is formed in the partition cavity, and after porous granular ammonium nitrate in the feeding bin enters the cavity, heat generated by working of the air supply unit heats the cavity so as to preheat the porous granular ammonium nitrate. And air conveyed into the cavity by the air supply unit blows the porous granular ammonium nitrate to the discharge channel. According to the invention, the working heat of the air supply unit is fully utilized to preheat the porous granular ammonium nitrate, and no special heating equipment is needed, so that the cost is saved, and the uniformity and detonation sensitivity of subsequent explosive mixing are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to operating equipment for mixing and loading ammonium nitrate oil explosives on site, in particular to a porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor. Background Art

[0002] Ammonium oil-fuel mixture refers to a powdered or granular explosive mixture composed of ammonium nitrate and fuel, which is mainly suitable for blasting projects in the open air and without the danger of methane and mine dust explosion. It includes powdered ammonium oil-fuel mixture, porous granular ammonium oil-fuel mixture, etc. In the blasting engineering industry, in order to improve safety, mixed loading vehicles are gradually used to achieve on-site mixed loading of explosives. It is to mix the semi-finished explosives and directly load them into the blastholes. It has the advantages of mixing and using, short construction period, saving blasting costs, etc., and can reduce the risk of accidental explosion of explosives during long-distance transportation and rolling loading and unloading. At present, the main component of the ammonium oil-fuel mixture mixed on site is porous granular ammonium nitrate, which is generally transported by spiral discharging. This method not only has a slow transportation speed and is prone to blockage; but also has a lot of porous granular ammonium nitrate remaining in the conveying device, and the transportation is not thorough enough, resulting in a large waste. At the same time, during the on-site mixing process, the mixing of porous granular ammonium nitrate and fuel is generally carried out at room temperature, which not only leads to poor mixing uniformity, but also the produced porous granular ammonium nitrate oil explosive has low detonation sensitivity and requires high-intensity initiation to detonate the explosive. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor with fast conveying speed and preheating capability.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor, which includes a frame and a cylindrical shell arranged on the frame, a conical cavity with a large diameter at the upper end and a small diameter at the lower end is provided in the shell, a feed bin is provided on the upper side of the shell, a compartment is formed between the shell and the cavity, a blower unit is installed in the compartment, a discharge channel is provided in the compartment, after the porous granular ammonium nitrate in the feed bin enters the cavity, the heat generated by the blower unit heats the cavity to preheat the porous granular ammonium nitrate, and the wind delivered to the cavity by the blower unit blows the porous granular ammonium nitrate to the discharge channel.

[0005] Preferably, a feed port connected to the feed bin is provided at the top of the cavity, a strong air inlet is provided at the lower side wall of the cavity, a main discharge port and an auxiliary discharge port both connected to the discharge channel are provided at the lower side wall of the cavity located below the strong air inlet, a spiral air induction groove is provided on the inner wall of the cavity, the upper end of the air induction groove is connected to the strong air inlet, the middle part is connected to the main discharge port, and the lower end is connected to the auxiliary discharge port, and a weak air inlet is provided at the bottom end of the cavity. Air outlet; after the porous granular ammonium nitrate enters the cavity from the feed port, the strong wind delivered by the air supply unit through the strong air inlet flows along the air inlet groove to form a vortex flow to blow the porous granular ammonium nitrate flowing toward the lower part of the cavity downward to the main discharge port, and then flows into the discharge channel; the weak wind delivered by the air supply unit through the weak air inlet blows the residual porous granular ammonium nitrate flowing toward the bottom of the cavity upward to the auxiliary discharge port, and then flows into the discharge channel.

[0006] Preferably, a material guide plate is obliquely arranged in the cavity, the lower end of the material guide plate is connected to the auxiliary discharge port, and the higher end is arranged at the lower side of a corresponding section of the air duct, and a plurality of air holes are opened on the material guide plate. Weak wind blows toward the plurality of air holes to blow the residual porous granular ammonium nitrate to the auxiliary discharge port.

[0007] Preferably, an installation groove is provided on the inner wall of the cavity along the circumferential direction, the periphery of the guide plate is arranged in the installation groove, half of the installation groove overlaps with a section of the air induction groove from the auxiliary discharge port to its opposite position, and the other half of the installation groove is symmetrical with the half.

[0008] Preferably, a circular opening is provided on the guide plate near the auxiliary discharge port, with clamping strips extending from both sides of the opening, the two clamping strips are clamped into the auxiliary discharge port, the axis of the weak air inlet passes through the opening, and the weak wind delivered by the weak air inlet blows toward the opening to blow the residual porous granular ammonium nitrate to the auxiliary discharge port.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of grooves are provided on the material guide plate in the area where the half section of the installation groove is located, each groove extends from the edge of the material guide plate to the opening, and a plurality of air holes are provided at the bottom of each groove.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of air guide grooves are provided on the inner wall of the cavity from the weak air inlet to the mounting groove, a notch is provided on the edge of the guide plate corresponding to each air guide groove, and each of the grooves is connected to a notch.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the outer shell is provided with a cover plate covering the top end of the closed cavity, the feed bin is arranged on the cover plate, and the feed port is opened on the cover plate; the bottom of the outer shell is provided with a bottom plate covering the bottom end of the closed cavity, the weak air inlet is opened on the bottom plate, and the air supply unit includes a strong air supply fan and a weak air inlet fan installed on the bottom plate, the strong air supply fan delivers strong air to the strong air inlet, and the weak air supply fan delivers weak air to the weak air inlet.

[0012] Preferably, the strong air inlet fan and the strong air inlet are both arranged on one side of the cavity, and the strong air inlet pipe connecting the strong air inlet fan and the strong air inlet is tangentially arranged on the outer wall of the cavity on this side; the weak air inlet fan, the main discharge port and the auxiliary discharge port are all arranged on the other side of the cavity, and the discharge channel tangentially arranged on the outer wall of the cavity on the other side is a three-fork channel, two of which are respectively connected to the main discharge port and the auxiliary discharge port, and the third fork is connected to the discharge pipe installed on the outer wall of the outer shell.

[0013] Preferably, a bottom bin is provided on the lower side of the bottom plate, and a weak air inlet pipe connected to the weak air inlet fan passes through the bottom plate and enters the bottom bin and is connected to the weak air inlet; the bottom of the bottom bin is open, and a filter is installed on it, and an air duct is provided in the bottom bin, and two interfaces at one end of the air duct are respectively connected to the air inlets of the strong air inlet fan and the weak air inlet fan, and the other end of the air duct is arranged on the upper side of the filter.

[0014] From the above technical scheme, it can be known that the present invention installs a blower unit in the compartment. When the porous granular ammonium nitrate enters the cavity, the heat generated by the blower unit heats the cavity to preheat the porous granular ammonium nitrate, and the wind delivered to the cavity by the blower unit blows the porous granular ammonium nitrate to the discharge channel, thereby realizing the pneumatic delivery of the porous granular ammonium nitrate, which is not easy to cause blockage and improves the delivery speed; and the delivery is uniform and safe. The present invention also makes full use of the heat from the blower unit to preheat the porous granular ammonium nitrate, without the need to specially set up heating equipment, which not only saves costs, but also improves the uniformity and detonation sensitivity of subsequent explosive mixing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the material guide plate in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The present invention provides a porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor, which includes a frame 4 and a cylindrical shell 5 arranged on the frame, wherein a conical cavity 1 with a large diameter at the upper end and a small diameter at the lower end is arranged in the shell, and the structure can make the porous granular ammonium nitrate gather in the lower part with a smaller space, which is conducive to centralized transportation; a feed bin 6 is arranged on the upper side of the shell, and a compartment 7 is formed between the shell and the cavity, and an air supply unit is installed in the compartment, and a discharge channel 3 is arranged in the compartment. After the porous granular ammonium nitrate in the feed bin enters the cavity, the heat generated by the air supply unit heats the cavity to preheat the porous granular ammonium nitrate, and the wind transported into the cavity by the air supply unit blows the porous granular ammonium nitrate to the discharge channel, and then mixes with fuel to form explosives. It can be seen that compared with the transmission screw conveying, the present invention realizes pneumatic conveying, which is not only not easy to cause blockage, but also improves the conveying speed, makes the conveying more uniform, and is safer; and the porous granular ammonium nitrate is preheated, thereby improving the uniformity and detonation sensitivity of subsequent explosive mixing.

[0020] Preferably, a feed port 11 connected to the feed bin is provided at the top of the cavity, a strong air inlet 12 is provided at the lower side wall of the cavity, a main discharge port 13 and an auxiliary discharge port 14 both connected to the discharge channel 3 are provided on the lower side wall of the cavity located below the strong air inlet, a spiral air induction groove 15 is provided on the inner wall of the cavity, the upper end of the air induction groove is connected to the strong air inlet, the middle part is connected to the main discharge port, and the lower end is connected to the auxiliary discharge port, and a weak air inlet 16 is provided at the bottom end of the cavity. During the implementation process, after the porous granular ammonium nitrate enters the cavity from the feed port, the strong wind conveyed by the air supply unit through the strong air inlet flows along the air induction groove to form a vortex to blow the porous granular ammonium nitrate flowing to the lower part of the cavity downward to the main discharge port, and then flows into the discharge channel. At the same time, the weak wind conveyed by the air supply unit through the weak air inlet blows the residual porous granular ammonium nitrate flowing to the bottom of the cavity upward to the auxiliary discharge port, and then flows into the discharge channel. Therefore, the present invention realizes the pneumatic conveying of porous granular ammonium nitrate through the dual blowing mode from top to bottom and from bottom to top, which can not only ensure more uniform conveying, but also not easy to be blocked and blow more thoroughly.

[0021] The strong wind used in the present invention refers to the wind delivered by the air supply unit with a relatively large positive pressure, and the weak wind refers to the wind delivered by the air supply unit with a relatively small positive pressure. After the porous granular ammonium nitrate enters the cavity from the top, it will fall downward under the action of its own gravity. When it falls to the lower part of the cavity, a strong wind of swirl can be generated to break it up and evenly transport it downward to the main discharge port. During the implementation process, there may be a small part of the porous granular ammonium nitrate that overcomes the strong wind and falls to the bottom of the cavity under the action of gravity. Therefore, the present invention sets an upward weak wind at the bottom, so as to "lift" the residual porous granular ammonium nitrate, so that it cannot be "precipitated" at the bottom of the cavity, and then blow it to the auxiliary discharge port and "converge" with the porous granular ammonium nitrate in the main discharge port, so as to ensure that the porous granular ammonium nitrate is transported more thoroughly and avoid residue.

[0022] Specifically, a guide plate 2 is obliquely arranged in the cavity 1, and the lower end of the guide plate is connected to the auxiliary discharge port, and the upper end is arranged at the lower side of a corresponding section of the air duct, so that all the residual porous granular ammonium nitrate can fall on the guide plate, and the inclined guide plate can guide the porous granular ammonium nitrate to the auxiliary discharge port, further avoiding the residual porous granular ammonium nitrate; a plurality of air holes 21 are opened on the guide plate 2, and weak wind blows toward the plurality of air holes to blow the residual porous granular ammonium nitrate to the auxiliary discharge port, avoiding the porous granular ammonium nitrate to remain on the guide plate. Preferably, the inner wall of the cavity is provided with a mounting groove 17 along the circumferential direction, the periphery of the guide plate is arranged in the mounting groove, half of the mounting groove coincides with a section of the air induction groove from the auxiliary discharge port to its opposite position, and the other half of the mounting groove is symmetrical with the half, that is, half of the edge of the guide plate is arranged in the air induction groove, and the other half of the edge of the guide plate is arranged on the lower side of the corresponding air induction groove through the symmetrical mounting grooves. When the strong wind blows most of the porous granular ammonium nitrate to the main discharge port, a small part of the strong wind may pass over the main discharge port and flow along the air induction groove of the lower section. Thus, under the action of swirl, the porous granular ammonium nitrate remaining in this section is blown to the guide plate on the lower side by the strong wind. When the strong wind flows to contact the guide plate, the edge of the guide plate in the air duct collides with the strong wind, thereby destroying the swirling effect of the strong wind, and then stopping the strong wind from flowing and guiding it to the guide plate, thereby blowing all the porous granular ammonium nitrate on the guide plate to the auxiliary discharge port at the lower end of the guide plate, completely preventing the porous granular ammonium nitrate from remaining on the guide plate.

[0023] A circular opening 22 is provided on the guide plate 2 near the auxiliary discharge port, and clips 23 extend from both sides of the opening. The two clips are inserted into the auxiliary discharge port, which is not only convenient for placing the guide plate, but also convenient for guiding the porous granular ammonium nitrate to the auxiliary discharge port. During the implementation process, the weak wind at the bottom blows toward the opening to blow the remaining porous granular ammonium nitrate to the auxiliary discharge port. Since the opening is provided on the inclined guide plate, the porous granular ammonium nitrate on the guide plate is easier to flow toward the opening, further avoiding residue, and then under the conveying pressure of the weak wind, the porous granular ammonium nitrate at the opening without any obstruction is completely blown toward the auxiliary discharge port. And the axis of the weak air inlet passes through the opening, thereby ensuring that there is a large air volume at the opening to provide sufficient conveying pressure.

[0024] The present invention provides several grooves 24 on the guide plate 2 located in the area where the half section of the installation groove is located, and each groove extends from the edge of the guide plate to the opening. Since the area corresponding to the half section is difficult to be blown by strong wind, the provision of grooves is conducive to the flow of porous granular ammonium nitrate in this part, ensuring that no residue will remain in this area. Preferably, the bottom of each groove is provided with several air holes 21 to prevent the porous granular ammonium nitrate from remaining at the bottom of the groove. Several air guide grooves 18 are provided on the inner wall of the cavity 1 from the weak air inlet to the installation groove, and a notch 25 is provided on the edge of the guide plate corresponding to each air guide groove, and each of the grooves is connected to a notch, so that weak wind can flow along the air guide groove to the notch, preventing the porous granular ammonium nitrate from remaining in the gap between the installation groove and the guide plate.

[0025] Preferably, the top of the shell 5 is provided with a cover plate 51 covering the top of the closed cavity, the feed bin 6 is arranged on the cover plate, and the feed port is opened on the cover plate; the bottom of the shell is provided with a bottom plate 52 covering the bottom of the closed cavity, thereby the cavity and the compartment are closed by the cover plate and the bottom plate, which can improve the sealing and prevent heat loss; the weak air inlet is opened on the bottom plate, and the air supply unit includes a strong air supply fan 8 and a weak air supply fan 9 installed on the bottom plate, the strong air supply fan delivers strong wind to the strong air inlet, and the weak air supply fan delivers weak wind to the weak air inlet, thereby realizing the classification control of strong and weak wind. In the implementation process, a feed pipe 61 is arranged on the feed bin 6, and the feed bin is funnel-shaped, and its lower end outlet is connected to the feed port, thereby the porous granular ammonium nitrate can be quantitatively transported into the feed bin, and the porous granular ammonium nitrate flows into the cavity from the feed port under the action of gravity, realizing quantitative transportation.

[0026] Specifically, the strong air inlet and the strong air inlet are both arranged on one side of the cavity, and the strong air inlet pipe 81 connecting the strong air inlet and the strong air inlet is tangentially arranged on the outer wall of the cavity on this side to ensure that the strong wind enters the air inlet groove tangentially to achieve the purpose of forming a swirl; the weak air inlet, the main discharge port and the auxiliary discharge port are all arranged on the other side of the cavity. On the one hand, such an arrangement provides heat sources on both sides of the cavity to improve the uniformity of preheating; on the other hand, the space of the compartment is fully utilized and the layout is more reasonable. The discharge channel 3 tangentially arranged on the outer wall of the cavity on the other side is a three-way channel, which is conducive to balancing the layout of the cavity, making air intake and discharge more convenient, thereby increasing the discharge speed and preventing blockage; wherein the two forks of the three-way channel are respectively connected to the main discharge port and the auxiliary discharge port, and the third fork is connected to the discharge pipe 31 installed on the outer wall of the shell. During the implementation process, due to the high conveying pressure of strong wind, a certain negative pressure is formed on the auxiliary discharge port after it enters the discharge channel, thereby making the discharge speed of the auxiliary discharge port faster and smoother, further avoiding material blockage.

[0027] The bottom side of the bottom plate of the present invention is provided with a bottom bin 10, and the weak air inlet pipe 91 connected to the weak air inlet fan passes through the bottom plate into the bottom bin and is connected to the weak air inlet, so that the weak air inlet can be inclined to the guide plate to ensure that the axis of the weak air inlet passes through the opening; the bottom of the bottom bin is open, and a filter 53 is installed on it. An air duct 54 is provided in the bottom bin, and two interfaces at one end of the air duct are respectively connected to the air inlets of the strong air inlet fan and the weak air inlet fan, and the other end of the air duct is arranged on the upper side of the filter, so that the external air is filtered under the action of the air supply unit and introduced into the cavity by the air duct, so as to improve the purity of the wind and ensure the quality of the porous granular ammonium nitrate. The present invention stores the entire pneumatic system in the bottom bin and the shell, which not only makes full use of the waste heat, but also does not install other components outside the entire conveyor except for installing the control valve, the barometer, etc., which reduces the volume of the entire conveyor and reduces the occupied space on the one hand; on the other hand, it reduces the interference with other equipment on the mixed loading vehicle, and further improves the safety. .

Claims

1. A porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor, comprising a frame and a cylindrical shell arranged on the frame, wherein a conical cavity with a large diameter at the upper end and a small diameter at the lower end is provided in the shell, characterized in that: A feed bin is provided on the upper side of the outer shell, and a compartment is formed between the outer shell and the cavity. A blower unit is installed in the compartment, and a discharge channel is provided in the compartment. After the porous granular ammonium nitrate in the feed bin enters the cavity, the heat generated by the blower unit heats the cavity to preheat the porous granular ammonium nitrate, and the wind transported into the cavity by the blower unit blows the porous granular ammonium nitrate to the discharge channel.

2. The porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the cavity is provided with a feed port connected to the feed bin, the lower side wall of the cavity is provided with a strong air inlet, the lower side wall of the cavity is provided with a main discharge port and an auxiliary discharge port both connected to the discharge channel, located below the strong air inlet, a spiral air induction groove is provided on the inner wall of the cavity, the upper end of the air induction groove is connected to the strong air inlet, the middle part is connected to the main discharge port, and the lower end is connected to the auxiliary discharge port, and the bottom end of the cavity is provided with a weak air inlet After the porous granular ammonium nitrate enters the cavity from the feed port, the strong wind delivered by the air supply unit through the strong air inlet flows along the air duct to form a vortex flow to blow the porous granular ammonium nitrate flowing toward the lower part of the cavity downward to the main discharge port, and then flows into the discharge channel. The weak wind delivered by the air supply unit through the weak air inlet blows the residual porous granular ammonium nitrate flowing toward the bottom of the cavity upward to the auxiliary discharge port, and then flows into the discharge channel.

3. The porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A material guide plate is obliquely arranged in the cavity, wherein the lower end of the material guide plate is connected to the auxiliary discharge port, and the higher end of the material guide plate is arranged at the lower side of a corresponding section of the air duct. A plurality of air holes are opened on the material guide plate, and weak wind blows toward the plurality of air holes to blow the residual porous granular ammonium nitrate to the auxiliary discharge port.

4. The porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the cavity is provided with an installation groove along the circumferential direction, and the periphery of the guide plate is arranged in the installation groove. Half of the installation groove overlaps with a section of the air induction groove from the auxiliary discharge port to its opposite position, and the other half of the installation groove is symmetrical with the half.

5. The porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A circular opening is provided on the guide plate near the auxiliary discharge port, with clamping strips extending from both sides of the opening respectively, and the two clamping strips are clamped into the auxiliary discharge port. The axis of the weak air inlet passes through the opening, and the weak wind delivered by the weak air inlet blows toward the opening to blow the residual porous granular ammonium nitrate to the auxiliary discharge port.

6. The porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide plate located in the area where the half section of the installation groove is located is provided with a plurality of grooves, each of which extends from the edge of the guide plate to the opening, and a plurality of air holes are provided at the bottom of each groove.

7. The porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of air guide grooves are provided on the inner wall of the cavity from the weak air inlet to the mounting groove, a notch is provided at the edge of the guide plate corresponding to each air guide groove, and each groove is connected to a notch.

8. The porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the shell is provided with a cover plate covering the top end of the cavity, the feed bin is arranged on the cover plate, and the feed port is opened on the cover plate; the bottom of the shell is provided with a bottom plate covering the bottom end of the cavity, the weak air inlet is opened on the bottom plate, and the air supply unit includes a strong air supply fan and a weak air inlet fan installed on the bottom plate, the strong air supply fan delivers strong air to the strong air inlet, and the weak air supply fan delivers weak air to the weak air inlet.

9. The porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The strong air inlet fan and the strong air inlet port are both arranged on one side of the cavity, and the strong air inlet pipe connecting the strong air inlet fan and the strong air inlet port is tangentially arranged on the outer wall of the cavity on this side; the weak air inlet fan, the main discharge port and the auxiliary discharge port are all arranged on the other side of the cavity, and the discharge channel tangentially arranged on the outer wall of the cavity on the other side is a three-branch channel, two of which are respectively connected to the main discharge port and the auxiliary discharge port, and the third is connected to the discharge pipe installed on the outer wall of the outer shell.

10. The porous granular ammonium nitrate conveyor according to claim 8, characterized in that: A bottom bin is provided on the lower side of the bottom plate, and a weak air inlet pipe connected to the weak air inlet fan passes through the bottom plate and enters the bottom bin and is connected to the weak air inlet; the bottom of the bottom bin is open, and a filter is installed on it, and an air duct is provided in the bottom bin, and two interfaces at one end of the air duct are respectively connected to the air inlets of the strong air inlet fan and the weak air inlet fan, and the other end of the air duct is arranged on the upper side of the filter.

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