Solar light-heat-electricity utilization phase change heat storage particle continuous adsorption packaging system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of phase change energy storage, and relates to a phase change heat storage particle continuous adsorption packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization. Comprising a rotary hot melting throttling device, a solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange assembly, a gradient phase change particle cooling tank, a compressor, a flow divider, a rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device and a trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device. The heat energy conversion efficiency is improved through the rotary hot melting throttling device, continuous and efficient circulation of a circulation working medium is achieved by absorbing heat behind the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange assembly layer through the liquid circulation working medium, and separation of a gaseous circulation working medium and a porous graphite framework is achieved through the rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device. According to the phase change heat storage particle packaging device, the heat energy of the phase change material is recycled through the gradient phase change particle cooling tank, so that the phase change heat storage particles can be stably, reliably and continuously packaged, and efficient utilization of light-heat-electric energy is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of phase change energy storage, and relates to a phase change heat storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization. Background Art

[0002] The heat dissipation of solar photovoltaic panels is an important consideration in the design and operation of photovoltaic systems. When working, photovoltaic panels absorb sunlight energy and convert it into electrical energy, but not all light energy can be completely converted into electrical energy. Part of the energy will be dissipated in the form of heat energy, causing energy loss and reducing the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panels. Therefore, the coordinated use of light energy and the electricity and heat energy of solar photovoltaic panels is particularly important for improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0003] In aerospace environments, phase change materials can store and release heat and cold, thereby enabling efficient operation and extended service life of photovoltaic panels in space. However, the preparation of existing phase change materials has the following disadvantages: most preparations use resistance wire heating, which consumes a lot of power; the existing fully enclosed packaging of phase change materials is difficult to control humidity, and semi-enclosed packaging is prone to leakage of phase change materials; the heat of the prepared phase change particles is not utilized, and the energy efficiency is low.

[0004] Therefore, a stable, reliable and continuous packaging method for phase change materials is needed to achieve efficient utilization of light-heat-electricity energy. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a phase change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization, including: a rotary hot melt throttling device, a solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component, a gradient phase change particle cooling tank, a compressor, a diverter, a porous skeleton storage tank, a rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device, and a trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device;

[0006] The rotary hot-melt throttling device is used to reduce the pressure of the input gaseous circulating working fluid, condense it and convert it into a liquid circulating working fluid. Specifically, the rotary hot-melt throttling device converts the input gaseous circulating working fluid into a liquid circulating working fluid after condensation; the rotary hot-melt throttling device also rotates to make the sealing marbles act on the centrifugal force and then compress the spring, so that the small hole channel on the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate opens, thereby realizing the throttling and pressure reduction process of the liquid circulating working fluid. In addition, the flow rate controls the motor speed, and then controls the degree of compression of the spring by the sealing marbles, thereby controlling the intensity of the expansion effect; the rotary hot-melt throttling device also exchanges heat between the filled solid solid-liquid phase change material and the circulating working fluid, converting it into a liquid solid-liquid phase change material, so as to prepare materials for the subsequent adsorption preparation process;

[0007] The solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component is used to store the heat generated by solar thermal conversion in phase change. Specifically, the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component supplies the electricity generated by solar photoelectric conversion to the compressor, and the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component also stores the heat generated by solar thermal conversion in phase change. The solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component also converts the input liquid circulating working fluid into a gaseous circulating working fluid after evaporation.

[0008] The gradient phase change particle cooling tank is used for heat exchange between phase change heat storage liquid particles and circulating working fluid. Specifically, the gradient phase change particle cooling tank performs heat exchange between phase change heat storage liquid particles and liquid circulating working fluid. The phase change heat storage liquid particles input into the gradient phase change particle cooling tank are converted into phase change heat storage solid particles after heat exchange and heat release and are output. The liquid circulating working fluid input into the gradient phase change particle cooling tank is converted into gaseous circulating working fluid after heat exchange and heat absorption and is output.

[0009] The porous skeleton storage tank is used to provide a porous graphite skeleton for the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device. Specifically, the porous skeleton storage tank allows the high-pressure gas output by the diverter to pass through and carry the porous graphite skeleton into the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device;

[0010] The rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device is used to prepare porous graphite shape memory alloy liquid composite phase change particles by adsorbing liquid solid-liquid phase change material through porous graphite skeleton;

[0011] The trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device is used for centrifugal separation of gaseous circulating medium and phase-change heat storage liquid particles in porous graphite shape memory alloy liquid composite phase change material;

[0012] The compressor output end is connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the rotary hot melt throttling device and the input end of the porous skeleton storage tank respectively through the diverter, the output end of the porous skeleton storage tank is connected to the input end of the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device, the circulating working fluid output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device is connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component, and the circulating working fluid output end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component is connected to the input end of the compressor;

[0013] The circulating working fluid output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device is also connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank, and the circulating working fluid output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank is connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the compressor;

[0014] The solid-liquid phase change material output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device is connected to the solid-liquid phase change material input end of the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device; the output end of the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device is connected to the input end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device, the circulating working fluid output end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device is connected to the input end of the compressor, and the phase change thermal storage liquid particle output end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device is connected to the phase change thermal storage liquid particle input end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank.

[0015] Preferably, the compressor is used to compress the gaseous circulating working fluid; the diverter is used to divert the circulating working fluid output by the compressor, specifically: the diverter diverts the gaseous circulating working fluid output by the compressor to the rotary hot melt throttling device and / or the porous skeleton storage tank; the output end of the compressor is connected to the input end of the diverter, one output end of the diverter is connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the rotary hot melt throttling device, and the other output end of the diverter is connected to the input end of the porous skeleton storage tank;

[0016] The solar cell sheets thermally connected to the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component are electrically connected to the compressor; a first electromagnet is provided outside the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device, and the direction of the magnetic lines of force of the first electromagnet is perpendicular to the flow direction of the circulating working medium in the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device; a second electromagnet is provided outside the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device, and the direction of the magnetic lines of force of the second electromagnet is perpendicular to the flow direction of the circulating working medium in the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device.

[0017] More preferably, a boosting device is provided at the circulating working fluid input end of the compressor, and the circulating working fluid output ends of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component, the circulating working fluid output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank, and the circulating working fluid output end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device are respectively connected to the input end of the compressor via the boosting device.

[0018] More preferably, the phase change thermal storage solid particle output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank is connected to a phase change particle storage tank, and the phase change particle storage tank is used to store the phase change thermal storage solid particles.

[0019] More preferably, the porous graphite skeleton is made of porous graphite material and memory alloy, porous graphite is attached to the surface of the memory alloy, and a microchannel film is applied to the surface of the porous graphite skeleton, and the microchannel film has selective permeability; the microchannel film allows gaseous molecules to enter and exit the porous graphite skeleton, but can prevent the outflow of liquid molecules.

[0020] More preferably, the rotary hot melt throttling device is in the shape of a multi-layered concentric tube, the inner ring of each layer of concentric tubes is provided with a cylindrical solid-liquid phase change material hot melt ring channel, and the outer ring of each layer of concentric tubes is provided with a circulating working fluid ring channel; the lower section of the circulating working fluid ring channel is provided with a trapezoidal throttling orifice plate, a sealing marble is provided in the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate, and the sealing marble is connected to a spring that expands and contracts in the radial direction, one end of the small hole channel of the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate is connected to the circulating working fluid ring channel, and the other end of the small hole channel of the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate is connected to the circulating working fluid output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device;

[0021] The solid-liquid phase change material outlet of the solid-liquid phase change material hot melt ring channel is connected to the solid-liquid phase change material inlet pipe of the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device;

[0022] The circulating working fluid input end of the circulating working fluid ring channel is connected to the output end of the diverter, and the circulating working fluid output end of the circulating working fluid ring channel is connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component and / or the circulating working fluid input end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank;

[0023] The rotary hot-melt throttling device is provided with a rotary motor to drive the rotary hot-melt throttling device to rotate coaxially with the concentric circular tube.

[0024] More preferably, the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component is provided with a PT plate, the PT plate is thermally connected to the solar cell, the PT plate is filled with a PT plate filled phase change material, the PT plate filled phase change material is thermally conductively provided with a serpentine tube for heat exchange, the inlet of the serpentine tube is connected to the circulating working fluid output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device, and the outlet of the serpentine tube is connected to the input end of the compressor;

[0025] The circulating working fluid pipelines connecting the circulating working fluid output end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component, the circulating working fluid output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank, and the circulating working fluid output end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device to the input end of the compressor are coated with solar thermal storage phase change material, and the outer layer of the solar thermal storage phase change material is also surrounded by a photothermal conversion film.

[0026] More preferably, the gradient phase change particle cooling tank is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger top and a smaller bottom, a heat exchange tube is spirally coiled inside the gradient phase change particle cooling tank, the heat exchange tube is used to exchange heat inside and outside the tube, phase change heat storage particles flow inside the gradient phase change particle cooling tank, the heat exchange tube is buried in the phase change heat storage particles, and a circulating working medium flows inside the heat exchange tube;

[0027] The inlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to the circulating medium output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device, and the outlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to the input end of the compressor.

[0028] More preferably, the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device is spindle-shaped, and is divided into a front pipe, a middle pipe, and a rear pipe along the flow direction of the circulating working medium. A Venturi vertical intersection pipe is radially arranged at the middle pipe, and the input end of the front pipe is connected to the output end of the diverter, the input end of the Venturi vertical intersection pipe is connected to the solid-liquid phase change material output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device, and the output end of the rear pipe is connected to the input end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device.

[0029] More preferably, the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger top and a smaller bottom. The trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device is radially divided into an inner layer and an outer layer by a separation device orifice plate. The separation device orifice plate is provided with phase change particle through holes connecting the inner layer and the outer layer. The output end of the phase change heat storage liquid particles of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device is connected to the outer layer, and the input end and the circulating working fluid output end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device are respectively connected to the two opposite ends of the rotating shaft of the inner layer.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] 1. The efficient conversion of heat energy and circulating working fluid of the present invention is manifested as follows: the rotary hot melt throttling device realizes the step-by-step heating between the solid-liquid phase change material and the gaseous circulating working fluid. The heated circulating working fluid releases heat and changes into liquid in the device, expands and reduces pressure through the small hole channel, thereby improving the heat energy conversion efficiency.

[0032] 2. The efficient phase change cycle of the circulating working fluid of the present invention is manifested as follows: the liquid circulating working fluid absorbs the heat after the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component layer in the evaporation device, is converted into a gaseous state, and merges with the gaseous circulating working fluid input from the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device, and passes through a high-efficiency boosting device and a compressor to achieve continuous and efficient circulation of the circulating working fluid.

[0033] 3. The efficient preparation of the phase change particles of the present invention is manifested as follows: the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device uses a high-pressure gaseous circulating medium to drive the porous graphite shape memory alloy skeleton to rotate, and generates a low-pressure area through the Venturi effect, thereby increasing the adsorption force and effectively adsorbing the liquid solid-liquid phase change material. After the porous graphite shape memory alloy skeleton contacts the liquid solid-liquid phase change material, the temperature rises and the pores increase, which is conducive to the adsorption of the liquid solid-liquid phase change material and the increase of heat storage.

[0034] 4. The gas-solid separation and phase change material recycling of the present invention are as follows: the rotating gas-solid separation device throws off the porous graphite shape memory alloy liquid composite phase change material through centrifugal force, thereby realizing the separation of the gaseous circulating medium and the porous graphite shape memory alloy liquid composite phase change material. The separated phase change heat storage liquid particles release heat in the gradient phase change particle cooling tank and then cool to phase change heat storage solid particles, which enter the phase change particle storage tank for subsequent use, thus realizing the continuous production of phase change particles and the efficient utilization of energy in the preparation process.

[0035] 5. The environmental friendliness of the photovoltaic power supply of the present invention is manifested in that the electricity required by the system equipment is provided by the photovoltaic panels, thus realizing a green and environmentally friendly energy supply method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a system diagram of the phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary hot-melt throttling device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary hot-melt throttling device of the present invention taken along line A-A;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the B-B section and the C-C section of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange assembly of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of a porous skeleton storage tank of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device of the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 9 : are cross-sectional views D-D, E-E and F-F of the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase-change particle preparation device of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure, 1. Rotary hot melt throttling device; 2. Solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component; 3. Gradient phase change particle cooling tank; 4. Photothermal conversion film; 5. Solar thermal storage phase change material; 6. Pressurization device; 7. Compressor; 8. Diverter; 9. Porous skeleton storage tank; 10. Rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device; 11. First electromagnet; 12. Trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device; 13. Second electromagnet; 14. Phase change particle storage tank; 15. First rotary joint; 16. First valve; 17. Second valve; 18. Second rotary joint; 19. Third valve; 20. Third rotary joint; 21. Pressure sensor; 22. Fourth valve; 23. Fifth valve ; 24, the sixth valve; 25, the seventh valve; 26, the eighth valve; 27, the ninth valve; 101, the rotating motor; 102, the connecting orifice plate channel; 103, the solid-liquid phase change material hot melt ring channel; 104, the circulating working fluid ring channel; 105, the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate; 106, the sealing marble; 107, the spring; 108, the circulating working fluid air inlet main pipe; 109, the circulating working fluid air inlet branch pipe; 110, the circulating working fluid air inlet hole; 111, the circulating working fluid liquid outlet hole; 112, the circulating working fluid liquid outlet branch pipe; 113, the circulating working fluid liquid outlet main pipe; 114, the solid-liquid phase change material liquid outlet hole; 115, the solid-liquid phase change material liquid outlet branch pipe; 116, the solid-liquid phase change material liquid outlet main pipe; 201, tempered glass; 202, PV panel; 203, electrical insulation layer; 204, PT panel; 205, interconnecting busbar; 206, solar cell; 207, PT panel filled with phase change material; 208, main liquid inlet of circulating medium; 209, serpentine tube; 210, main gas outlet of circulating medium; 301, secondary liquid inlet of circulating medium; 302, heat exchange tube; 303, secondary gas outlet of circulating medium; 304, feed inlet of phase change thermal storage liquid particles; 305, discharge port of phase change thermal storage solid particles; 306, discharge channel; 601, diffuser; 901, high pressure inlet pipe; 902, high pressure gas; 903, porous graphite shape memory alloy skeleton; 904 , microchannel film; 905, high-pressure discharge channel; 1001, high-pressure feed channel; 1002, high-pressure chamber; 1003, low-pressure chamber; 1004, pressure diffusion chamber; 1005, gas-solid mixture outlet; 1006, solid-liquid phase change material inlet pipe; 1007, low-pressure adsorption area; 1008, liquid solid-liquid phase change material; 1009, adsorption state porous skeleton; 1010, phase change thermal storage liquid particles; 1201, gas-solid mixture inlet; 1202, mixing chamber; 1203, separation device orifice plate; 1204, phase change particle through hole; 1205, air outlet pipe; 1206, phase change thermal storage liquid particle outlet; 1401, phase change thermal storage solid particles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the relevant technologies in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] refer to Figures 1 to 10 In this embodiment, the phase change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system utilizing solar energy light-heat-electricity mainly includes a compressor 7, and a high-efficiency boosting device 6 is arranged at the front end entering the compressor 7. Gas pressurization is performed before entering the compressor 7, which can effectively reduce power consumption and improve efficiency; a diverter 8 is provided at the outlet end of the compressor 7 to divert the compressed gaseous circulating working fluid, and a part of the diverted gaseous circulating working fluid enters the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10, and the rest enters the rotary hot melt throttling device 1; for example, in the initial preparation, the liquid solid-liquid phase change material needs to be prepared in advance, and it is not necessary to enter the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 temporarily. At this time, the diverter 8 diverts all the gaseous circulating working fluid flow to the rotary hot melt throttling device 1, and the preparation process is controlled and diverted through the rotary hot melt throttling device 1.

[0049] The rotary hot melt throttling device 1 is composed of a plurality of concentric ring-shaped annular tubes, the innermost ring of each ring tube is a solid-liquid phase change material hot melt ring channel 103, followed by a circulating working medium ring channel 104, and the layers are alternately constructed in a circular manner. The outermost ring tube is for circulating working medium, and the overall outer shell is a heat-insulating layer; wherein, the lower section of each circulating working medium ring channel 104 is provided with a trapezoidal throttling orifice plate 105, and a small hole channel is provided on the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate 105, and the small hole channel is sealed by a sealing marble 106, and the sealing marble 106 is connected to a spring 10 7. The other end of the spring 107 is connected to the outer wall of the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate 105. When the rotary motor 101 drives the rotary hot melt throttling device 1 to rotate, the sealing marble 106 will compress the spring 107 under the centrifugal force, and the small hole channel will be opened. The motor speed can be controlled according to the flow rate, and the degree of compression of the spring 107 by the sealing marble 106 can be adjusted to control the expansion effect. The condensed liquid circulating medium will move to one side of the small hole channel and pass through it under the centrifugal force. This structure helps to reduce the pressure of the circulating medium. The solid-liquid phase change material hot melt ring channel 103 has an outlet at the lower end; the main trunk of the circulating medium ring channel 104 is connected to each branch pipe inlet, and a valve is used to control the opening and closing. When the rotary hot melt throttling device 1 rotates, the path of the circulating medium is to enter from the circulating medium air inlet main pipe 108, pass through the circulating medium air inlet branch pipe 109, the circulating medium air inlet hole 110, and then enter the circulating medium annular channel 104, enter the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate 105 in the circulating medium annular channel 104, and then the circulating medium enters the circulating medium liquid outlet branch pipe 112 through the circulating medium liquid outlet hole 111, and finally flows out of the rotary hot melt throttling device 1 through the circulating medium liquid outlet main pipe 113. The adsorption path of the solid-liquid phase change material is: the solid-liquid phase change material enters from the solid-liquid phase change material hot melt annular channel 103 through the solid-liquid phase change material liquid outlet hole 114, and then from the solid-liquid phase change material liquid outlet branch pipe 115 into the solid-liquid phase change material liquid outlet main pipe 116 and finally flows out of the rotary hot melt throttling device 1.

[0050] The solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component 2, the PT plate filled phase change material 207 in the PT plate 204 absorbs the heat generated by the heat exchange of the solar photovoltaic panel component layer (composed of tempered glass 201, PV panel 202, and electrical insulation layer 203) to provide heat for the circulating working fluid, and the circulating working fluid cavity pipeline is a serpentine tube 209, which is embedded in the PT plate filled phase change material 207 to absorb the stored heat generated by the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component 2.

[0051] The phase change heat storage liquid particles prepared by the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 are transported to the trapezoidal phase change particle cooling tank 3 to release heat to the liquid circulating working medium in the gradient circulating working medium heat exchange tube 302, promoting the liquid circulating working medium to absorb heat and evaporate. After releasing heat, they are converted into phase change heat storage solid particles and then pass through the phase change heat storage solid particle discharge port 305 of the trapezoidal phase change particle cooling tank 3 (the phase change heat storage solid particle discharge port 305 can only pass solid PCM particles), and finally piled up and stored for use. It should be noted that The gradient circulating working fluid heat exchange tube 302 has a gradient from the inlet end to the outlet end, and the spacing at the inlet end is large and sparse, while the spacing at the outlet end is small and dense, increasing in sequence; the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component 2 is used to heat the circulating working fluid before the PCM particles are prepared, and the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component 2 and the trapezoidal phase change particle cooling tank 3 are used to heat the circulating working fluid after the PCM particles are prepared, and the first valve 16 diverts the circulating working fluid entering the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component 2 and the trapezoidal phase change particle cooling tank 3. The outside of the circulating working fluid tube coming out of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component 2 and the trapezoidal phase change particle cooling tank 3 is wrapped with a light-heat conversion film 4 and a solar thermal storage phase change material 5, and the circulating working fluid is heated in three stages.

[0052] The gas circulation medium in the internal channel of the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10 is the circulating medium in the Carnot cycle. The circulating medium is divided into the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10 after exiting the compressor 7. The circulating medium flows together with the pipeline and the porous graphite skeleton flow before entering the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10. At this time, the porous graphite skeleton has a large external pressure, so the pores of the porous graphite skeleton are reduced; the liquid solid-liquid phase change material runs inside the venturi vertical intersection, and is embedded after the minimum pipe diameter of the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10; in addition, under the magnetic force of the first electromagnet 11, the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10 will rotate, and when the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10 rotates, it drives the fluid therein to rotate. The rotational power of the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 comes from the magnetic field of the first electromagnet 11. The first electromagnet 11 is provided with an energized coil. Therefore, the energized coil is driven by the magnetic force of the magnetic field to rotate the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10. The power of the energized coil comes from the photovoltaic panel that absorbs solar energy PV / T-PCM heat exchange component 2 for heat exchange. When the gas inside the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 entrains the porous graphite skeleton and flows through this place, the smaller the flow cross-sectional area, the additional mechanical work will be provided, further increasing the speed of this part of the fluid. At this time, the porous graphite skeleton has an increased external pressure compared to before, so the pores of the porous graphite skeleton are reduced again; thereby, the pressure difference of the low-pressure area formed in the pipeline behind the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 is larger. At this time, the porous graphite skeleton in the pipeline behind the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 has a greatly reduced external pressure compared to before, so The pores of the porous graphite skeleton increase. At the same time, due to the greater density of the porous graphite skeleton, the porous graphite skeleton deviates radially toward the circumferential side in the circular tube under the action of the swirl, and the annular space formed by the liquid solid-liquid phase change material adsorbed by the vertical venturi tube. At this time, the porous graphite skeleton uses the low-pressure environment behind the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 to adsorb the liquid solid-liquid phase change material, and due to the capillary force, the liquid solid-liquid phase change material will not overflow from the porous graphite skeleton. The porous graphite skeleton has an increased external pressure compared to before, so the pores of the porous graphite skeleton are reduced. The pressure sensor 21 is used as a signal to control the opening and closing of the fourth valve 22 and the fifth valve 23;

[0053] The surface microstructure of the porous graphite shape memory alloy skeleton 903 is covered by a layer of microchannel film 904, which has a high degree of selective permeability. The microchannel film 904 allows gaseous molecules to enter and exit the porous graphite shape memory alloy skeleton 903, but can effectively prevent the outflow of liquid molecules, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the system; the partial memory alloy in the porous graphite shape memory alloy skeleton 903 makes it stable in high-temperature conditions in space, and flexible stretching can also store more energy. In addition, the electromagnetic surface is etched on the porous graphite shape memory alloy skeleton 903, which absorbs space heat to improve the thermal conductivity of the internal PCM particles while promoting the adsorption of PCM particles.

[0054] The rotary hot melt throttling device 1 in the system provides heat for the solid-liquid phase change material and a part of the circulating working fluid in stages. The heated circulating working fluid releases heat in the rotary hot melt throttling device 1 and becomes liquid. Then, when passing through the small hole channel, the liquid circulating working fluid expands and the pressure drops. Then, the liquid circulating working fluid enters the evaporation device, absorbs the heat of the phase change material layer and the PCM particle heat exchange cavity behind the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component 2, and becomes a gaseous circulating working fluid. At the same time, the gaseous circulating working fluid output by the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 converges into the dry pipe. The two converge and pass through the high-efficiency boosting device 6. The pressure of the gaseous circulating working fluid increases, and finally enters the compressor 7 for compression. The high-pressure and high-temperature circulating working fluid that comes out is diverted through the diverter 8, and a part of it is input into the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10, and a part of it enters the rotary hot melt throttling device 1, and it circulates continuously.

[0055] Subsequently, the high-pressure gaseous circulating medium in the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 drives the porous graphite shape memory alloy skeleton 903 to be transported. When passing through the minimum diameter, the electromagnetic energization at the minimum diameter promotes the rotation of the fluid in the entire pipe section, increases the speed of the internal fluid, and makes the regional pressure in the corresponding range of the rear end venturi tube decrease to reach "vacuum", the adsorption force is greater, and the pressure difference with the front end becomes larger; open the valve of the venturi vertical intersection, the gas and the porous graphite shape memory alloy skeleton 903 flow faster due to the venturi effect, and the regional pressure in the corresponding range decreases to reach "vacuum". When the heated liquid solid-liquid phase change material forms a low-pressure area in the venturi operation, the venturi vertical intersection valve is opened, and the liquid solid-liquid phase change material is adsorbed into the venturi tube. At this time, since the porous graphite shape memory alloy skeleton 903 enters the low-pressure environment from the high pressure, and due to the contact with the liquid solid-liquid phase change material, the temperature rises, so its external pores increase, which is conducive to the improvement of the adsorption and heat storage of the liquid solid-liquid phase change material. Through the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device 12, under the electromagnetic force of the second electromagnet 13, the porous graphite shape memory alloy liquid composite phase change material is thrown off by centrifugal force and separated from the gaseous circulating medium. When the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device 12 rotates, it drives the fluid therein to rotate. The rotational power of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device 12 comes from the magnetic field of the second electromagnet 13, and the second electromagnet 13 is provided with an energized coil. Therefore, the energized coil is driven by the magnetic force of the magnetic field to drive the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device 12 to rotate, and the power of the energized coil comes from the photovoltaic panel that absorbs the heat of the solar energy PV / T-PCM heat exchange component 2. It is accumulated in the outer ring from the phase change particle through hole 1204, and then enters the gradient phase change particle cooling tank from the phase change heat storage liquid particle discharge port 1206. After releasing heat to the liquid circulating medium, it is converted into phase change heat storage solid particles and passes through the discharge channel on the lower side of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank, and enters the phase change particle storage tank 14 for subsequent use, completing the preparation. The electricity required by the system equipment is provided by solar photovoltaic panels.

[0056] This embodiment utilizes the phase change process of solid-liquid phase change material (PCM) and circulating fluid to achieve heat storage and release, and combines multiple components such as solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange components, rotary hot melt throttling devices, and rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation devices. Therefore, this embodiment has the following effects:

[0057] 1. The high COP of the heat pump cycle and its circulating working fluid coupled with the Venturi tube are used to continuously prepare phase change thermal storage particles, making the preparation process more efficient and stable.

[0058] 2. Heat storage and release: The system stores and releases heat through the phase change process of phase change materials, improving heat utilization efficiency.

[0059] 3. Phase change process of circulating working fluid: The circulating working fluid undergoes heating, expansion, evaporation and other processes in the rotary hot melt throttling device, realizing heat transfer and change of working fluid state.

[0060] 4. Pressure and temperature control: Through the throttling device and expansion process, the system controls the pressure and temperature of the circulating working fluid, achieving pressure drop and temperature regulation.

[0061] 5. Solar energy utilization: The system uses solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange components to absorb solar energy, which improves the system's energy input and the utilization rate of renewable energy.

[0062] 6. Preparation and circulation of phase change particles: The rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device realizes the continuous and efficient preparation of phase change particles through adsorption, rotation, ring separation, re-adsorption and packaging.

[0063] 7. Application of electromagnetic and shape memory alloy: The system uses the interaction between electromagnetic and porous graphite shape memory alloy skeleton to increase fluid velocity and adsorption force, and optimize the adsorption and heat storage process of phase change materials.

[0064] 8. Utilization of Venturi effect: Through the design of the Venturi tube, the system utilizes the Venturi effect to generate a low-pressure area, which promotes the adsorption and release of phase change materials.

[0065] 9. Gas-solid separation and recovery of phase change particles: The rotating gas-solid separation device separates the liquid composite phase change particles from the gaseous circulating working fluid through centrifugal force, thereby realizing the recovery and reuse of the phase change particles.

[0066] 10. Energy supply: The electricity required by the system equipment is provided by photovoltaic panels, achieving energy self-sufficiency and the use of clean energy.

[0067] 11. Environmentally friendly: The design of the entire system takes environmental impact into consideration, reducing energy waste and environmental burden through efficient energy conversion and recycling of phase change materials.

[0068] It should be emphasized that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any simple modification of the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention also falls within the protection scope of the present invention. Other equivalent changes and modifications still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization, characterized in that: include: Rotary hot melt throttling device (1), solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2), gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3), compressor (7), splitter (8), porous skeleton storage tank (9), rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10), trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device (12); The rotary hot melt throttling device (1) is used to reduce the pressure of the input gaseous circulating working fluid, condense it and convert it into a liquid circulating working fluid; the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2) is used to store the heat generated by solar thermal conversion through phase change; the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3) is used to exchange heat between the phase change heat storage liquid particles and the circulating working fluid; the porous skeleton storage tank (9) is used to provide a porous graphite skeleton for the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10); the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10) is used to prepare porous graphite shape memory alloy liquid composite phase change particles; the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device (12) is used to centrifugally separate the gaseous circulating working fluid and the phase change heat storage liquid particles; The output end of the compressor (7) is connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1) and the input end of the porous skeleton storage tank (9) respectively through the diverter (8); the output end of the porous skeleton storage tank (9) is connected to the input end of the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10); the circulating working fluid output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1) is connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2); and the circulating working fluid output end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2) is connected to the input end of the compressor (7); The circulating working fluid output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1) is also connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3), and the circulating working fluid output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3) is connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the compressor (7); The solid-liquid phase change material output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1) is connected to the solid-liquid phase change material input end of the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10); the output end of the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10) is connected to the input end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device (12); the circulating working fluid output end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device (12) is connected to the input end of the compressor (7); and the phase change thermal storage liquid particle output end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device (12) is connected to the phase change thermal storage liquid particle input end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3).

2. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The compressor (7) is used to compress the gaseous circulating working medium; the flow divider (8) is used to divide the circulating working medium output by the compressor (7); the output end of the compressor (7) is connected to the input end of the flow divider (8), one output end of the flow divider (8) is connected to the circulating working medium input end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1), and the other output end of the flow divider (8) is connected to the input end of the porous skeleton storage tank (9); The solar cell sheet (206) thermally connected to the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange assembly (2) is electrically connected to the compressor (7); The rotating low-pressure adsorption phase-change particle preparation device (10) is externally provided with a first electromagnet (11); The trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) is externally provided with a second electromagnet (13).

3. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A booster device (6) is provided at the circulating working fluid input end of the compressor (7), and the circulating working fluid output end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2), the circulating working fluid output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3), and the circulating working fluid output end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) are respectively connected to the input end of the compressor (7) via the booster device (6).

4. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The phase change heat storage solid particle output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3) is connected to a phase change particle storage tank (14), and the phase change particle storage tank (14) is used to store the phase change heat storage solid particles.

5. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The porous graphite skeleton is made of porous graphite material and memory alloy, porous graphite is attached to the surface of the memory alloy, and a microchannel film (904) is applied on the surface of the porous graphite skeleton, and the microchannel film (904) has selective permeability.

6. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rotary hot melt throttling device (1) is in the form of a multi-layered concentric tube, the inner ring of each layer of the concentric tube is provided with a cylindrical solid-liquid phase change material hot melt ring channel (103), and the outer ring of each layer of the concentric tube is provided with a circulating working fluid ring channel (104); the lower section of the circulating working fluid ring channel (104) is provided with a trapezoidal throttling orifice plate (105), a sealing marble (106) is provided in the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate (105), and the sealing marble (106) is connected to a spring (107) that expands and contracts in the radial direction; one end of the small hole channel of the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate (105) is connected to the circulating working fluid ring channel (104), and the other end of the small hole channel of the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate (105) is connected to the circulating working fluid output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1); The solid-liquid phase change material liquid outlet hole (114) of the solid-liquid phase change material hot melt ring channel (103) is connected to the solid-liquid phase change material liquid inlet pipe (1006) of the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10); The input end of the circulating working fluid annular channel (104) is connected to the output end of the flow divider (8), and the output end of the circulating working fluid annular channel (104) is connected to the input end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2) and / or the input end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3); The rotary hot-melt throttling device (1) is provided with a rotary motor (101) for driving the rotary hot-melt throttling device (1) to rotate coaxially with the concentric circular tube.

7. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2) is provided with a PT plate (204), the PT plate (204) is heat-conductively connected to the solar cell sheet (206), the PT plate (204) is filled with a PT plate-filled phase change material (207), a serpentine tube (209) is provided in the PT plate-filled phase change material (207) for heat conduction, the inlet of the serpentine tube (209) is connected to the output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1), and the outlet of the serpentine tube (209) is connected to the input end of the compressor (7); The output end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2), the circulating working fluid output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3), and the circulating working fluid output end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) are connected to the circulating working fluid pipeline at the input end of the compressor (7) and are coated with a solar thermal storage phase change material (5), and the outer layer of the solar thermal storage phase change material (5) is also surrounded by a light-heat conversion film (4).

8. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3) is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger top and a smaller bottom, a heat exchange tube (302) is spirally wound inside the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3), phase change heat storage particles flow inside the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3), the heat exchange tube (302) is buried inside the phase change heat storage particles, and a circulating working medium flows inside the heat exchange tube (302); The inlet of the heat exchange tube (302) is connected to the circulating medium output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1), and the outlet of the heat exchange tube (302) is connected to the input end of the compressor (7).

9. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device (10) is spindle-shaped, and is divided into a front pipe, a middle pipe, and a rear pipe along the flow direction of the circulating working medium. A venturi vertical intersection pipe is arranged radially at the middle pipe. The input end of the front pipe is connected to the output end of the diverter (8), the input end of the venturi vertical intersection pipe is connected to the solid-liquid phase change material output end of the rotating hot melt throttling device (1), and the output end of the rear pipe is connected to the input end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12).

10. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger top and a smaller bottom. The trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) is radially divided into an inner layer and an outer layer by a separation device orifice plate (1203). The separation device orifice plate (1203) is provided with a phase change particle through hole (1204) connecting the inner layer and the outer layer. The phase change heat storage liquid particle output end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) is connected to the outer layer. The input end and the circulating working medium output end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the rotating shaft of the inner layer.

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