Flow battery multi-stack cascade test system

Abstract

The invention discloses a flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, and relates to the technical field of flow battery energy storage systems. The flow battery multi-stack cascade test system comprises a stack setting module which comprises a plurality of stack setting units, each stack setting unit comprises a plurality of stack setting groups, and each stack setting group comprises at least one stack setting mechanism; the galvanic pile arrangement structure is used for arranging a galvanic pile and comprises a galvanic pile positive electrode liquid inlet, a galvanic pile negative electrode liquid inlet, a galvanic pile positive electrode liquid outlet and a galvanic pile negative electrode liquid outlet; and the electrolyte circulating module comprises a positive electrode liquid storage tank, a negative electrode liquid storage tank, a positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline, a positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline, a positive electrode main liquid return pipeline, a negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline, a negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline, a negative electrode main liquid return pipeline and a plurality of control valves arranged in the pipelines. According to the technical scheme of the invention, multiple liquid supply modes in the flow battery multi-stack cascade test system can be realized, and the influence of different liquid supply modes on the charge and discharge efficiency of the flow battery energy storage system can be detected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of liquid flow battery energy storage systems, and in particular to a liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade testing system. Background Art

[0002] Liquid flow battery is a new type of electrochemical energy storage method. Liquid flow battery realizes charging and discharging by utilizing the redox reaction between the active substances contained in the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte. For large-scale energy storage power stations, the output power of a single battery stack is far from meeting the system charging and discharging requirements. Therefore, a series-parallel combination of multiple battery stacks is used to increase the voltage and current of the liquid flow battery energy storage system, so as to increase the charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit or module and meet the requirements of the large-scale energy storage power station stack energy storage unit or module.

[0003] As the power of liquid flow battery energy storage systems increases, the number of battery stacks also increases accordingly. There are multiple ways to supply positive and negative electrolytes to multiple battery stacks in series and parallel combinations. Different supply methods may lead to differences in the flow mode, mixing degree, and reaction rate of the electrolyte in the battery stack, which in turn affects the charge and discharge efficiency of the liquid flow battery energy storage system. Therefore, it is crucial to implement multiple supply methods in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system to effectively monitor the impact of different supply methods on the charge and discharge efficiency of the liquid flow battery energy storage system. Existing technologies usually only test the charge and discharge efficiency of a single battery stack, and cannot fully evaluate the impact of different supply methods on the charge and discharge efficiency of the entire system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system to realize a variety of liquid supply modes in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, so as to monitor the influence of different liquid supply modes on the charge and discharge efficiency of the liquid flow battery energy storage system.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides a multi-stack cascade test system for a flow battery, the multi-stack cascade test system for a flow battery comprising:

[0006] A stack setting module, comprising a plurality of stack setting units; each stack setting unit comprises a plurality of stack setting groups; each stack setting group comprises at least one stack setting mechanism; the stack setting structure is used to set a stack; the stack setting mechanism comprises a stack positive electrode liquid inlet, a stack negative electrode liquid inlet, a stack positive electrode liquid outlet and a stack negative electrode liquid outlet; the stacks arranged in the same stack setting unit are connected in series, and the stacks arranged in different stack setting units are connected in parallel;

[0007] An electrolyte circulation module, including a positive electrode storage tank, a negative electrode storage tank, a positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline, a positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline, a plurality of positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines, a positive electrode main liquid return pipeline, a plurality of positive electrode liquid return branch pipelines, a negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline, a negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline, a plurality of negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines, a negative electrode main liquid return pipeline, and a plurality of negative electrode liquid return branch pipelines;

[0008] The positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline is respectively connected with the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and each of the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines; each of the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines corresponds to each of the battery stack setting units; the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline includes a plurality of positive electrode pipeline outlet groups corresponding to a plurality of the battery stack setting groups in the battery stack setting unit; the positive electrode pipeline outlet group includes at least one positive electrode pipeline outlet corresponding to at least one of the battery stack setting mechanisms in the battery stack setting group; the positive electrode pipeline outlet is connected with the positive electrode liquid inlet of the battery stack;

[0009] The positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline is also provided with at least one positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet and at least one first control valve; the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet and the first control valve are located in the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline between two adjacent battery stack arrangement groups in the same battery stack arrangement unit;

[0010] The positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline is respectively connected with the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and each of the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlets; a second control valve is provided in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet;

[0011] The positive electrode main liquid return pipeline is respectively connected with the main liquid return port of the positive electrode storage tank and each of the positive electrode liquid return branch pipelines; each of the positive electrode liquid return branch pipelines corresponds to each of the battery stack setting units; the positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline includes a plurality of positive electrode pipeline liquid return port groups corresponding to a plurality of the battery stack setting groups in the battery stack setting unit; the positive electrode pipeline liquid return port group includes at least one positive electrode pipeline liquid return port corresponding to at least one of the battery stack setting mechanisms in the battery stack setting group; the positive electrode pipeline liquid return port is connected with the positive electrode liquid outlet of the battery stack;

[0012] The negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline is respectively connected with the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and each of the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines; each of the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines corresponds to each of the battery stack setting units; the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline includes a plurality of negative electrode pipeline outlet groups corresponding to a plurality of the battery stack setting groups in the battery stack setting unit; the negative electrode pipeline outlet group includes at least one negative electrode pipeline outlet corresponding to at least one of the battery stack setting mechanisms in the battery stack setting group; the negative electrode pipeline outlet is connected with the negative electrode liquid inlet of the battery stack;

[0013] The negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline is also provided with at least one negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet and at least one third control valve; the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet and the third control valve are located in the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline between two adjacent battery stack arrangement groups in the same battery stack arrangement unit;

[0014] The negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline is respectively connected to the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and each of the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlets; a fourth control valve is provided in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet;

[0015] The negative electrode main liquid return pipeline is respectively connected with the main liquid return port of the negative electrode storage tank and each of the negative electrode liquid return branch pipelines; each of the negative electrode liquid return branch pipelines corresponds one-to-one to each of the battery stack setting units; the negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline includes a plurality of negative electrode pipeline return port groups corresponding one-to-one to a plurality of the battery stack setting groups in the battery stack setting unit; the negative electrode pipeline return port group includes at least one negative electrode pipeline return port corresponding one-to-one to at least one of the battery stack setting mechanisms in the battery stack setting group; the negative electrode pipeline return port is connected with the negative electrode liquid outlet of the battery stack.

[0016] Optionally, the flow battery multi-stack cascade test system further includes:

[0017] at least one fifth control valve, the fifth control valve being disposed in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between two adjacent positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlets;

[0018] At least one sixth control valve is provided in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between two adjacent negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlets.

[0019] Optionally, the flow battery multi-stack cascade test system further includes:

[0020] The first temperature management module includes a heat exchange inlet and a heat exchange outlet; the heat exchange inlet is connected to the electrolyte heat exchange outlet of the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline through a heat exchange inlet pipeline; the heat exchange outlet is connected to the electrolyte heat exchange inlet of the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline through a heat exchange outlet pipeline; the temperature management unit is at least used to control the temperature of the electrolyte returning to the positive electrode storage tank through the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline.

[0021] Optionally, the flow battery multi-stack cascade test system further includes:

[0022] The seventh control valve is arranged in the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline between the electrolyte heat exchange outlet of the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline and the electrolyte heat exchange inlet of the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline.

[0023] Optionally, the flow battery multi-stack cascade test system further includes:

[0024] an eighth control valve, arranged in the heat exchange liquid inlet pipeline; and / or,

[0025] A ninth control valve is arranged in the heat exchange liquid outlet pipeline.

[0026] Optionally, the flow battery multi-stack cascade test system further includes:

[0027] The second temperature management module is at least partially located in the positive electrode liquid storage tank and at least partially located in the negative electrode liquid storage tank; the second temperature management module is used to control the temperature of the electrolyte in the positive electrode liquid storage tank and the negative electrode liquid storage tank.

[0028] Optionally, the flow battery multi-stack cascade test system further includes:

[0029] A plurality of positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipelines, each of which corresponds to each of the battery stack setting units one by one; the positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline is also provided with at least one positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port and at least one tenth control valve; the positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the tenth control valve are located in the positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline between two adjacent battery stack setting groups in the same battery stack setting unit; the positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline is respectively connected to the positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline; an eleventh control valve is provided in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline between the positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline;

[0030] A plurality of negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipelines, each of the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipelines corresponds to each of the battery stack setting units one by one; the negative electrode return liquid branch pipeline is also provided with at least one negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port and at least one twelfth control valve; the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the twelfth control valve are located in the negative electrode return liquid branch pipeline between two adjacent battery stack setting groups in the same battery stack setting unit; the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline is respectively connected with the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline; a twelfth control valve is provided in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline between the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline.

[0031] Optionally, the flow battery multi-stack cascade test system further includes:

[0032] A positive electrode main driving pump is arranged in the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline between the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline;

[0033] A positive electrode auxiliary driving pump is arranged in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet;

[0034] A negative electrode main driving pump is arranged in the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline between the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline;

[0035] The negative electrode auxiliary driving pump is arranged in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet.

[0036] Optionally, the flow battery multi-stack cascade test system further includes:

[0037] A plurality of sensor modules are respectively arranged in each pipeline and used to obtain at least one of a temperature signal, a flow signal and a pressure signal of the electrolyte in each pipeline;

[0038] An electrical signal collection unit, connected to each of the battery stacks disposed at each of the battery stack arrangement mechanisms, and used to collect electrical signals from each of the battery stacks;

[0039] The battery stack management module is respectively connected to the battery stack, the electrical signal acquisition unit, and each sensor module arranged at each battery stack setting mechanism; the battery stack management module is used to control the charging and discharging status of each battery stack according to the signal acquired by the sensor module and the electrical signal collected by the electrical signal acquisition unit.

[0040] Optionally, the flow battery multi-stack cascade test system further includes:

[0041] The charging and discharging modules are electrically connected to the battery stacks arranged at the battery stack arrangement mechanisms, respectively, and are used to obtain the charging and discharging status of each battery stack, and determine the charging and discharging efficiency of each battery stack according to the charging and discharging status of each battery stack.

[0042] Optionally, the flow battery multi-stack cascade test system further includes:

[0043] The filters are respectively arranged in the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline between the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and each of the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines, in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and each of the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlets, in the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline between the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and each of the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines, and in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and each of the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlets.

[0044] Optionally, the flow battery multi-stack cascade test system further includes:

[0045] A first exchange valve is located in a top exchange pipeline between a top electrolyte exchange port of the positive electrode storage tank and a top electrolyte exchange port of the negative electrode storage tank;

[0046] The second exchange valve is located in the bottom exchange pipeline between the bottom electrolyte exchange port of the positive electrode storage tank and the bottom electrolyte exchange port of the negative electrode storage tank.

[0047] The technical solution provided by the present invention is to set multiple stack setting units in the stack setting module of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, and set multiple stack setting groups in each stack setting unit, and set multiple stack setting mechanisms in each stack setting group. The stack setting mechanism is used to set the stack to realize the series and / or parallel connection of multiple stacks in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, and to set the stack positive electrode liquid inlet, the stack negative electrode liquid inlet, the stack positive electrode liquid outlet and the stack negative electrode liquid outlet in the stack setting mechanism so that the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte can flow between the stacks, so that the stack can perform redox reactions to realize the charging and discharging process; the electrolyte circulation module in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system is set with a positive electrode storage tank, a negative electrode storage tank, a positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline, a positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline, a plurality of positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines, a positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline, and a positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline. A liquid return pipeline, a plurality of positive electrode liquid return branch pipelines, a negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline, a negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline, a plurality of negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines, a negative electrode main liquid return pipeline and a plurality of negative electrode liquid return branch pipelines, so that the positive / negative electrolyte can be transmitted to the positive / negative electrode liquid inlet of each stack setting mechanism in each stack setting group through each positive / negative electrode pipeline outlet group and each positive / negative electrode pipeline outlet in each positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline, so as to supply multiple liquid flows to the flow battery. Each battery stack in the stack cascade test system transports positive / negative electrode electrolyte; at the same time, the positive / negative electrode products after the oxidation-reduction reaction of each battery stack of each battery stack setting mechanism in each battery stack setting group are transported back to the positive electrode storage tank or the negative electrode storage tank through each positive / negative electrode pipeline return liquid port group and each positive / negative electrode pipeline return liquid port in each positive / negative electrode return liquid branch pipeline, thereby realizing the circulation of the positive / negative electrode electrolyte between the positive electrode storage tank or the negative electrode storage tank and each battery stack. In addition, by arranging at least one positive auxiliary liquid inlet and at least one first control valve in the positive liquid inlet branch pipeline, arranging a second control valve in the positive auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive liquid storage tank and the positive auxiliary liquid inlet, arranging at least one negative auxiliary liquid inlet and at least one third control valve in the negative liquid inlet branch pipeline, and arranging a fourth control valve in the negative auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative liquid storage tank and the negative auxiliary liquid inlet, different liquid supply modes of the positive main liquid inlet pipeline, the positive auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline, the negative main liquid inlet pipeline and the negative auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline can be realized by controlling the switching state of each control valve, thereby realizing a variety of liquid supply modes in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, so as to be able to monitor the influence of different liquid supply modes on the charging and discharging efficiency of the liquid flow battery energy storage system.

[0048] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0050] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another flow battery multi-stack cascade test system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a positive electrode liquid storage tank and a negative electrode liquid storage tank provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of another flow battery multi-stack cascade test system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of another liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade testing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0057] Figure 1 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a multi-stack cascade test system for a flow battery, which includes a stack setting module and an electrolyte circulation module. The stack setting module is used to set the stack, and the electrolyte circulation module enables the electrolyte to circulate in the stack.

[0058] Among them, the battery stack setting module includes multiple battery stack setting units; each battery stack setting unit includes multiple battery stack setting groups; each battery stack setting group includes at least one battery stack setting mechanism; the battery stack setting structure is used to set the battery stack; the battery stack setting mechanism includes a battery stack positive electrode liquid inlet, a battery stack negative electrode liquid inlet, a battery stack positive electrode liquid outlet and a battery stack negative electrode liquid outlet; the battery stacks arranged in the same battery stack setting unit are connected in series, and the battery stacks arranged in different battery stack setting units are connected in parallel.

[0059] The electrolyte circulation module includes a positive electrode storage tank 41, a negative electrode storage tank 42, a positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51, a positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52, a plurality of positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines, a positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53, a plurality of positive electrode liquid return branch pipelines, a negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 54, a negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 55, a plurality of negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines, a negative electrode main liquid return pipeline 56 and a plurality of negative electrode liquid return branch pipelines; the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51 is respectively connected to the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and each positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline; each positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline corresponds to each battery stack setting unit one by one; the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline includes a plurality of positive electrode pipeline outlet groups corresponding to a plurality of battery stack setting groups in the battery stack setting unit; the positive electrode pipeline outlet group includes a plurality of positive electrode pipeline outlet groups corresponding to the battery stack setting units ... At least one positive electrode pipeline liquid outlet corresponds to at least one battery stack setting mechanism in the stack setting group; the positive electrode pipeline liquid outlet is connected to the positive electrode liquid inlet of the battery stack; the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline is also provided with at least one positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet and at least one first control valve; the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet and the first control valve are located in the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline between two adjacent battery stack setting groups in the same battery stack setting unit; the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline is respectively connected to the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41, and each positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet; a second control valve is provided in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 between the auxiliary liquid outlet and the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41; the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53 is respectively connected to the main liquid return port of the positive electrode storage tank 41, and each positive electrode return liquid branch pipeline ; Each positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline corresponds to each battery stack setting unit one by one; the positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline includes a plurality of positive electrode pipeline liquid return port groups corresponding to a plurality of battery stack setting groups in the battery stack setting unit; the positive electrode pipeline liquid return port group includes at least one positive electrode pipeline liquid return port corresponding to at least one battery stack setting mechanism in the battery stack setting group; the positive electrode pipeline liquid return port is connected with the positive electrode liquid outlet of the battery stack; the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 54 is respectively connected with the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42, and each negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline; each negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline corresponds to each battery stack setting unit one by one; the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline includes a plurality of negative electrode pipeline liquid outlet groups corresponding to a plurality of battery stack setting groups in the battery stack setting unit; the negative electrode pipeline liquid outlet group includes At least one negative electrode pipeline outlet corresponds to at least one stack setting mechanism in the setting group; the negative electrode pipeline outlet is connected to the negative electrode liquid inlet of the stack; the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline is also provided with at least one negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet and at least one third control valve; the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet and the third control valve are located in the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline between two adjacent stack setting groups in the same stack setting unit; the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline is respectively connected to the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 and each negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet; a fourth control valve is provided in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 55 between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 and the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet; the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline 56 is respectively connected to the main liquid return port of the negative electrode storage tank 42 and each negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline;Each negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline corresponds to each battery stack setting unit one by one; the negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline includes a plurality of negative electrode pipeline liquid return port groups corresponding to a plurality of battery stack setting groups in the battery stack setting unit one by one; the negative electrode pipeline liquid return port group includes at least one negative electrode pipeline liquid return port corresponding to at least one battery stack setting mechanism in the battery stack setting group; the negative electrode pipeline liquid return port is connected to the negative electrode liquid outlet of the battery stack. ;

[0060] Among them, the stack setting module can be specifically used to organize and manage the arrangement and connection modules of multiple stacks in the multi-stack cascade test system of liquid flow batteries, and the stack setting module may include multiple stack setting units. Each stack setting unit may include multiple stack setting groups, and each stack setting group may include one or more stack setting mechanisms. The stack setting mechanism is used to install and fix the stack. Each stack setting mechanism includes a stack positive electrode liquid inlet, a stack negative electrode liquid inlet, a stack positive electrode liquid outlet, and a stack negative electrode liquid outlet, so that the positive electrode electrolyte can flow between the stacks through the stack positive electrode liquid inlet and the stack positive electrode liquid outlet, and the negative electrode electrolyte can flow between the stacks through the stack negative electrode liquid inlet and the stack negative electrode liquid outlet, so that the stack can perform redox reactions to realize the charging and discharging process.

[0061] It is understandable that the number of battery stack setting units in the battery stack setting module, the number of battery stack setting groups included in each setting unit, and the number of battery stack setting mechanisms included in the battery stack setting group can be adjusted and set according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not specifically limit this. The multiple battery stacks set in the battery stack setting module can be connected in series and / or in parallel, wherein the battery stacks set in the same battery stack setting unit are connected in series, and the battery stacks set in different battery stack setting units are connected in parallel. It is understandable that the battery stacks in the same battery stack setting unit belong to the same battery stack cluster, and the battery stacks in the same battery stack cluster are connected in series, and the battery stacks in different battery stack setting units belong to different battery stack clusters, and the battery stacks in different battery stack clusters are connected in parallel.

[0062] It should be noted that the series connection and parallel connection of the fuel cell stacks are electrical connection methods of the fuel cell stacks, that is, the transmission method of electrical signals between the fuel cell stacks, and are not mechanical connection methods of the fuel cell stacks. The specific implementation method of the series connection and parallel connection of the fuel cell stacks can be designed according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not make specific limitations on this.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 1The stack setting module includes two stack setting units, namely, a first stack setting unit 11 and a second stack setting unit 12, and each stack setting unit includes two stack setting groups, namely, the first stack setting unit 11 includes a first stack setting group 21 and a second stack setting group 22, and the second stack setting unit 12 includes a third stack setting group 23 and a fourth stack setting group 24. Each stack setting group includes three stack setting mechanisms, for example, the first stack setting group 21 includes a first stack setting mechanism 31, a second stack setting mechanism 32 and a third stack setting mechanism 33, wherein the stacks arranged in the first stack setting unit 11 are connected in series, the stacks arranged in the second stack setting unit 12 are connected in series, and the stacks arranged in the first stack setting unit 11 are connected in parallel with the stacks arranged in the second stack setting unit 12.

[0064] In another exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the battery stack setting module includes three battery stack setting units, namely, a first battery stack setting unit 11, a second battery stack setting unit 12 and a third battery stack setting unit 13, and each battery stack setting unit includes two battery stack setting groups, namely, the first battery stack setting unit 11 includes a first battery stack setting group 21 and a second battery stack setting group 22, the second battery stack setting unit 12 includes a third battery stack setting group 23 and a fourth battery stack setting group 24, and the third battery stack setting unit 13 includes a fifth battery stack setting group 25 and a sixth battery stack setting group 26. Each battery stack setting group includes three battery stack setting mechanisms. For example, the first battery stack setting group 21 includes a first battery stack setting mechanism 31, a second battery stack setting mechanism 32 and a third battery stack setting mechanism 33, wherein the battery stacks arranged in the first battery stack setting unit 11 are connected in series, the battery stacks arranged in the second battery stack setting unit 12 are connected in series, and the battery stacks arranged in the third battery stack setting unit 13 are connected in series, and the battery stacks arranged in the first battery stack setting unit 11, the battery stacks arranged in the second battery stack setting unit 12 and the battery stacks arranged in the third battery stack setting unit 13 are connected in parallel with each other.

[0065] For the convenience of description, without any special limitations, the embodiments of the present invention are described by taking an example in which a battery stack setting module includes two battery stack setting units, each battery stack setting unit includes two battery stack setting groups, and each battery stack setting group includes three battery stacks, to exemplarily illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0066] Continue to refer Figure 1, the electrolyte circulation module includes a positive electrode storage tank 41 and a negative electrode storage tank 42, wherein the positive electrode storage tank 41 can be specifically understood as a container for storing positive electrode electrolyte, and the positive electrode storage tank 41 includes a container structure and corresponding main liquid outlets, auxiliary liquid outlets and main liquid return ports, so as to store and transport the positive electrode electrolyte to the stack setting mechanism, and collect the positive electrode products after the redox reaction of the stack. The negative electrode storage tank 42 can be specifically understood as a container for storing negative electrode electrolyte, and the negative electrode storage tank 42 includes a container structure and corresponding main liquid outlets, auxiliary liquid outlets and main liquid return ports, so as to store and transport the negative electrode electrolyte to the stack setting mechanism, and collect the negative electrode products after the redox reaction of the stack.

[0067] The electrolyte circulation module also includes a positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51, which is respectively connected to the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and each positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline, and the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline includes a first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 and a second positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 512. The first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 corresponds to the first battery stack setting unit 11, so that the positive electrode electrolyte in the positive electrode storage tank 41 can be transported to each battery stack in the first battery stack setting unit 11 in sequence through the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51 and the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511, and the second positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 512 corresponds to the second battery stack setting unit 12, so that the positive electrode electrolyte stored in the positive electrode storage tank 41 can be transported to each battery stack in the second battery stack setting unit 12 in sequence through the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51 and the second positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 523. The first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 includes a first positive electrode pipeline outlet group 5111 corresponding to the first battery stack setting group 21 in the first battery stack setting unit 11 and a second positive electrode pipeline outlet group 5112 corresponding to the second battery stack setting group 22 in the first battery stack setting unit 11, wherein the first positive electrode pipeline outlet group 5111 includes a first positive electrode pipeline outlet 1A corresponding to the first battery stack setting mechanism 31 in the first battery stack setting group 21, a second positive electrode pipeline outlet 2A corresponding to the second battery stack setting mechanism 32 in the first battery stack setting group 21, and a third positive electrode pipeline outlet 3A corresponding to the third battery stack setting mechanism 33 in the first battery stack setting group 21, and the first positive electrode pipeline outlet Port 1A is connected to the positive electrode liquid inlet of the first battery stack setting mechanism 31, the second positive electrode pipeline outlet port 2A is connected to the positive electrode liquid inlet of the second battery stack setting mechanism 32, and the third positive electrode pipeline outlet port 3A is connected to the positive electrode liquid inlet of the third battery stack setting mechanism 33, so that the positive electrode electrolyte can be transmitted to the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in each battery stack setting group through each positive electrode pipeline outlet port group and each positive electrode pipeline outlet in each positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline, so as to transport the positive electrode electrolyte to each battery stack in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, and so on. Other battery stack setting groups have similar settings. The similarities can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated here.

[0068] Correspondingly, one or more positive auxiliary liquid inlets and one or more first control valves are also provided in the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline. For example, the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 includes a first positive auxiliary liquid inlet 521 and a first first control valve 522. The first positive auxiliary liquid inlet 521 and the first first control valve 522 are located in the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 between the first battery stack setting group 21 and the second battery stack setting group 22 in the first battery stack setting unit 11. The second positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 512 includes a second positive auxiliary liquid inlet 523 and a second first control valve 524. The second positive auxiliary liquid inlet 523 and the second first control valve 524 are located in the second positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 512 between the third battery stack setting group 23 and the fourth battery stack setting group 24 in the second battery stack setting unit 12. The positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 is respectively connected to the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41, the first positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 521 and the second positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 523, and a second control valve 525 is provided in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and the second positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 523. It can be understood that by controlling the switching states of the first first control valve 522, the second first control valve 524 and the second control valve 525, different liquid supply modes of the multi-stack cascade test system of the flow battery can be realized.

[0069] Exemplarily, when the second control valve 525 is controlled to be in a closed state, and the first control valve 522 and the second first control valve 524 are both controlled to be in an open state, the positive electrode electrolyte can only be transferred from the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 through the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51 to the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 and the second positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 512 respectively, and then transferred from the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 to the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the first battery stack setting group 21 and the second battery stack setting group 22, and transferred from the second positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 512 to the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the third battery stack setting group 23 and the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the fourth battery stack setting group 24; at this time, if the second control valve 525 is controlled to be in an open state, and the first control valve 522 and the second first control valve 524 are both controlled to be in a closed state, the positive electrode electrolyte can be transferred from the positive electrode storage tank 41 to the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the first battery stack setting group 21 and the second battery stack setting group 22. The main liquid outlet is transmitted to the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 and the second positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 512 respectively through the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51, and then transmitted to the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the first battery stack setting group 21 by the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511, and transmitted to the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the third battery stack setting group 23 by the second positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 512; at the same time, the positive electrode electrolyte can be taken from the positive electrode storage tank 4 The auxiliary liquid outlet of 1 is transmitted through the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 via the first positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 521 to the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the second battery stack setting group 22, and is transmitted through the second positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 523 to the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the fourth battery stack setting group 24, thereby realizing a liquid supply method for supplying liquid to each battery stack in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system through the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline and the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline.

[0070] Continue to refer Figure 1The positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53 is respectively connected to the main liquid return port of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and each positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline, and the positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline includes a first positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 531 and a second positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 532. The first positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 531 corresponds to the first battery stack setting unit 11, so that the positive electrode products after the oxidation-reduction reaction of each battery stack in the first battery stack setting unit 11 can be transported back to the positive electrode storage tank 41 through the first positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 531 and the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53 in sequence. The second positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 532 corresponds to the second battery stack setting unit 12, so that the positive electrode products after the oxidation-reduction reaction of each battery stack in the second battery stack setting unit 12 can be transported back to the positive electrode storage tank 41 through the second positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 532 and the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53 in sequence. The first positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 531 includes a first positive electrode pipeline liquid return port group 5311 corresponding to the first battery stack setting group 21 in the first battery stack setting unit 11 and a second positive electrode pipeline liquid return port group 5312 corresponding to the second battery stack setting group 22 in the first battery stack setting unit 11, wherein the first positive electrode pipeline liquid return port group 5311 includes a first positive electrode pipeline liquid return port 1B corresponding to the first battery stack setting mechanism 31 in the first battery stack setting unit 11, a second positive electrode pipeline liquid return port 2B corresponding to the second battery stack setting mechanism 32 in the first battery stack setting unit 11 and a third positive electrode pipeline liquid return port 3B corresponding to the third battery stack setting mechanism 33 in the first battery stack setting unit 11, and the first positive electrode pipeline return port group 5311 is a positive electrode pipeline liquid return port group 5312. The liquid port 1B is connected to the positive electrode liquid outlet of the first battery stack setting mechanism 31, the second positive electrode pipeline liquid outlet 2B is connected to the positive electrode liquid outlet of the second battery stack setting mechanism 32, and the third positive electrode pipeline liquid outlet 3B is connected to the positive electrode liquid outlet of the third battery stack setting mechanism 33, so that the positive electrode products after the oxidation-reduction reaction of each battery stack of each battery stack setting mechanism in each battery stack setting group are transported back to the positive electrode storage tank 41 through each positive electrode pipeline return liquid port group and each positive electrode pipeline return liquid port in each positive electrode return liquid branch pipeline, thereby realizing the flow of positive electrode electrolyte between the positive electrode storage tank 41 and each battery stack, and so on. Other battery stack setting groups have similar settings. The similarities can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated here.

[0071] Continue to refer Figure 1The electrolyte circulation module also includes a negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 54, which is respectively connected to the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 and each negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline, and the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline includes a first negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 541 and a second negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 542. The first negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 541 corresponds to the first battery stack setting unit 11, so that the negative electrode electrolyte stored in the negative electrode storage tank 42 can be transported to each battery stack in the first battery stack setting unit 11 through the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 54 and the first negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 541 in sequence, and the second negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 542 corresponds to the second battery stack setting unit 12, so that the negative electrode electrolyte stored in the negative electrode storage tank 42 can be transported to each battery stack in the second battery stack setting unit 12 through the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 54 and the second negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 542 in sequence. The first negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 541 includes a first negative electrode pipeline outlet group 5411 corresponding to the first battery stack setting group 21 in the first battery stack setting unit 11 and a second negative electrode pipeline outlet group 5412 corresponding to the second battery stack setting group 22 in the first battery stack setting unit 11, wherein the first negative electrode pipeline outlet group 5411 includes a first negative electrode pipeline outlet 1C corresponding to the first battery stack setting mechanism 31 in the first battery stack setting unit 11, a second negative electrode pipeline outlet 2C corresponding to the second battery stack setting mechanism 32 in the first battery stack setting unit 11, and a third negative electrode pipeline outlet 3C corresponding to the third battery stack setting mechanism 33 in the first battery stack setting unit 11, and the first negative electrode pipeline outlet group 5412 corresponds to the second battery stack setting mechanism 33 in the first battery stack setting unit 11. The line liquid outlet 1C is connected with the negative electrode liquid inlet of the first battery stack setting mechanism 31, the second negative electrode line liquid outlet 2C is connected with the negative electrode liquid inlet of the second battery stack setting mechanism 32, and the third negative electrode line liquid outlet 3C is connected with the negative electrode liquid inlet of the third battery stack setting mechanism 33, so that the negative electrode electrolyte can be transmitted to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in each battery stack setting group through each negative electrode line outlet group and each negative electrode line outlet in each negative electrode liquid inlet branch line, so that the negative electrode electrolyte can be transported to each battery stack in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system. By analogy, other battery stack setting groups have similar settings. The similarities can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated here.

[0072] Correspondingly, one or more negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlets and one or more third control valves are also provided in the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline. For example, the first negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 includes a first negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 551 and a first third control valve 552, wherein the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 551 and the first third control valve 552 are located in the first negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 541 between the first battery stack setting group 21 and the second battery stack setting group 22 in the first battery stack setting unit 11. The second negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 512 includes a second negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 553 and a second third control valve 554, wherein the second negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 553 and the second third control valve 554 are located in the second negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 542 between the third battery stack setting group 23 and the fourth battery stack setting group 24 in the second battery stack setting unit 12. The negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 55 is respectively connected to the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42, the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 551 and the second negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 553, and a fourth control valve 555 is provided in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 55 between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 and the second negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 553. It can be understood that by controlling the switching states of the first third control valve 552, the second third control valve 554 and the fourth control valve 555, different liquid supply modes of the multi-stack cascade test system of the flow battery can be realized.

[0073] Exemplarily, when the fourth control valve 555 is controlled to be in a closed state, and the first, third control valve 552 and the second, third control valve 554 are controlled to be in an open state, the negative electrode electrolyte can only be transferred from the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 through the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 54 to the first negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 541 and the second negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 542 respectively, and then transferred from the first negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 541 to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the first battery stack setting group 21 and the second battery stack setting group 22, and from the second negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 542 to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the third battery stack setting group 23 and the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the fourth battery stack setting group 24; at this time, if the fourth control valve 555 is controlled to be in an open state, and the first, third control valve 552 and the second, third control valve 554 are controlled to be in a closed state, the negative electrode electrolyte can be transferred from the negative electrode storage tank 42 to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the first battery stack setting group 21 and the second battery stack setting group 22. The main liquid outlet is transmitted to the first negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 541 and the second negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 542 respectively through the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 54, and then transmitted from the first negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 541 to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the second battery stack setting group 22, and from the second negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 542 to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the fourth battery stack setting group 24; at the same time, the negative electrode electrolyte can be taken from the negative electrode storage tank 4 The auxiliary liquid outlet of 2 is transmitted to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the first battery stack setting group 21 through the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 55 via the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 551, and is transmitted to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the third battery stack setting group 23 through the second negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 553, thereby realizing a liquid supply method for supplying liquid to each battery stack in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system through the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline and the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline.

[0074] Continue to refer Figure 1The negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 56 is respectively connected to the main liquid return port of the negative electrode storage tank 42 and each negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline, and the negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline includes a first negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline 561 and a second negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline 562. The first negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline 561 corresponds to the first battery stack setting unit 11, so that the negative electrode products after the oxidation-reduction reaction of each battery stack in the first battery stack setting unit 11 can be transported back to the negative electrode storage tank 42 in sequence through the first negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline 561 and the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 56. The second negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline 562 corresponds to the second battery stack setting unit 12, so that the negative electrode products after the oxidation-reduction reaction of each battery stack in the second battery stack setting unit 12 can be transported back to the negative electrode storage tank 42 in sequence through the second negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline 562 and the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 56. The first negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline 561 includes a first negative electrode pipeline liquid return port group 5611 corresponding to the first battery stack setting group 21 in the first battery stack setting unit 11 and a second negative electrode pipeline liquid return port group 5612 corresponding to the second battery stack setting group 22 in the first battery stack setting unit 11, wherein the first negative electrode pipeline liquid return port group 5611 includes a first negative electrode pipeline liquid return port 1D corresponding to the first battery stack setting mechanism 31 in the first battery stack setting unit 11, a second negative electrode pipeline liquid return port 2D corresponding to the second battery stack setting mechanism 32 in the first battery stack setting unit 11 and a third negative electrode pipeline liquid return port 3D corresponding to the third battery stack setting mechanism 33 in the first battery stack setting unit 11, and the first negative electrode pipeline liquid return port group 5612 corresponds to the second battery stack setting mechanism 32 in the first battery stack setting unit 11. The liquid port 1D is connected to the negative electrode liquid outlet of the first battery stack setting mechanism 31, the second negative electrode pipeline liquid outlet 2D is connected to the negative electrode liquid outlet of the second battery stack setting mechanism 32, and the third negative electrode pipeline liquid outlet 3D is connected to the negative electrode liquid outlet of the third battery stack setting mechanism 33, so that the negative electrode products after the oxidation-reduction reaction of each battery stack of each battery stack setting mechanism in each battery stack setting group are transported back to the negative electrode storage tank 42 through each negative electrode pipeline return liquid port group and each negative electrode pipeline return liquid port in each negative electrode return liquid branch pipeline, thereby realizing the flow of negative electrode electrolyte between the negative electrode storage tank 42 and each battery stack, and so on. Other battery stack setting groups have similar settings. The similarities can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated here.

[0075] It is understandable that the switching modes of each first control valve, each second control valve, each third control valve and each fourth control valve in the electrolyte circulation module can be independently set according to actual conditions, that is, the switching modes of each first control valve, each second control valve, each third control valve and each fourth control valve can have multiple combinations to achieve multiple liquid supply modes in the multi-stack cascade test system of the flow battery. For example, when the second control valve is controlled to be closed, and the first first control valve and the second first control valve are both controlled to be open, the fourth control valve can be controlled to be open, and the first third control valve and the second third control valve are both controlled to be closed. By analogy, each control valve in the electrolyte circulation module can also have a similar switching combination mode, which will not be repeated here.

[0076] It can also be understood that the relative position relationship between the control valve and the auxiliary liquid inlet in the liquid inlet branch pipeline between two adjacent battery stack setting groups in the same battery stack setting unit can be that the control valve can be located on the side of the liquid inlet close to the main liquid inlet pipeline; correspondingly, the relative position relationship between the control valve and the auxiliary liquid return port in the liquid return branch pipeline between two adjacent battery stack setting groups in the same battery stack setting unit can be that the control valve can be located on the side of the liquid return port close to the main liquid inlet pipeline. The specific setting method can be designed according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present invention does not make specific limitations on this.

[0077] In this embodiment, a plurality of stack setting units are set in the stack setting module in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, and a plurality of stack setting groups are set in each stack setting unit, and a plurality of stack setting mechanisms are set in each stack setting group. The stack setting mechanism is used to set the stack to realize the series and / or parallel connection of the plurality of stacks in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, and a stack positive electrode liquid inlet, a stack negative electrode liquid inlet, a stack positive electrode liquid outlet and a stack negative electrode liquid outlet are set in the stack setting mechanism, so that the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte can flow between the stacks, so that the stack can perform redox reactions to realize the charging and discharging process; a positive electrode storage tank, a negative electrode storage tank, a positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline, a positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline, a plurality of positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines, and a positive electrode main liquid return pipe are set in the electrolyte circulation module in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system. The positive / negative electrolyte can be transmitted to the positive / negative electrode liquid inlet of each stack setting mechanism in each stack setting group through each positive / negative electrode pipeline outlet group and each positive / negative electrode pipeline outlet group in each positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline, so as to supply liquid to multiple stacks of the flow battery. Each battery stack in the cascade test system transports positive / negative electrode electrolytes; at the same time, the positive / negative electrode products after the oxidation-reduction reaction of each battery stack of each battery stack setting mechanism in each battery stack setting group are transported back to the positive electrode storage tank or the negative electrode storage tank through each positive / negative electrode pipeline return liquid port group and each positive / negative electrode pipeline return liquid port in each positive / negative electrode return liquid branch pipeline, thereby realizing the circulation of the positive / negative electrode electrolytes between the positive electrode storage tank or the negative electrode storage tank and each battery stack. In addition, by arranging at least one positive auxiliary liquid inlet and at least one first control valve in the positive liquid inlet branch pipeline, arranging a second control valve in the positive auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive liquid storage tank and the positive auxiliary liquid inlet, arranging at least one negative auxiliary liquid inlet and at least one third control valve in the negative liquid inlet branch pipeline, and arranging a fourth control valve in the negative auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative liquid storage tank and the negative auxiliary liquid inlet, different liquid supply modes of the positive main liquid inlet pipeline, the positive auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline, the negative main liquid inlet pipeline and the negative auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline can be realized by controlling the switching state of each control valve, thereby realizing a variety of liquid supply modes in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, so as to be able to monitor the influence of different liquid supply modes on the charging and discharging efficiency of the liquid flow battery energy storage system.

[0078] Optionally, the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system also includes at least one fifth control valve and at least one sixth control valve; the fifth control valve is arranged in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between two adjacent positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlets; the sixth control valve is arranged in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between two adjacent negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlets.

[0079] Specifically, the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system further includes one or more fifth control valves and one or more sixth control valves to implement more liquid supply modes for the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system.

[0080] For example, continue to refer to Figure 1 A fifth control valve 526 is provided in the positive auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 between the first positive auxiliary liquid inlet port 521 and the second positive auxiliary liquid inlet port 523. When the fifth control valve 526 is controlled to be in a closed state, and the second control valve 525 is controlled to be in an open state, the first first control valve 522 is controlled to be in a closed state, and the second first control valve 524 is controlled to be in an open state, the positive electrolyte can be respectively transferred from the main liquid outlet of the positive liquid storage tank 41 through the positive main liquid inlet pipeline 51 to the first positive liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 and the second positive liquid inlet branch pipeline 512, and then transferred from the first positive liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 to the first positive liquid storage tank 41. The positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the battery stack setting group 21, and the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the third battery stack setting group 23 and the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the fourth battery stack setting group 24 are transmitted by the second positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 512. At the same time, the positive electrode electrolyte can be transmitted from the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 through the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 through the first positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 521 to the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the second battery stack setting group 22; at this time, if the fifth control valve 526 is controlled to be in the open state, and the second When the control valve 525 is in an open state, the first control valve 522 is controlled to be in a closed state, and the second first control valve 524 is controlled to be in a closed state, the positive electrode electrolyte can be transferred from the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 through the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51 to the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 and the second positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 512 respectively, and then transferred from the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 to the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the first battery stack setting group 21, and transferred from the second positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 512 to the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the third battery stack setting group 23. At the same time, the positive The cathode electrolyte can be transferred from the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 through the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 through the first positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 521 to the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the second battery stack setting group 22, and transferred to the positive electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the fourth battery stack setting group 24 through the second positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 523, thereby realizing more liquid supply methods for supplying liquid to each battery stack in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system through the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline and the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline, thereby increasing the flexibility and adjustability of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system.

[0081] For example, continue to refer to Figure 1A sixth control valve 556 is provided in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 55 between the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet port 551 and the second negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet port 553. When the sixth control valve 556 is controlled to be in a closed state, and the fourth control valve 555 is controlled to be in an open state, the first and third control valves 552 are controlled to be in a closed state, and the second and third control valves 554 are controlled to be in an open state, the negative electrode electrolyte can be transmitted from the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 through the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51 to the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 541 and the second positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 542, and then the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline is used to transfer the negative electrolyte to the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 541. 541 is transmitted to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the second battery stack setting group 22, and is transmitted to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the third battery stack setting group 23 and the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the fourth battery stack setting group 24 by the second negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 542. At the same time, the negative electrode electrolyte can be transmitted from the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 through the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 55 through the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 551 to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the first battery stack setting group 21; at this time, if the sixth control valve 556 is controlled to be in the open state , and when the fourth control valve 555 is controlled to be in an open state, the first and third control valves 552 are controlled to be in a closed state, and the second and third control valves 554 are controlled to be in a closed state, the negative electrode electrolyte can be transferred from the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 through the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 54 to the first negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 541 and the second negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 542 respectively, and then transferred from the first negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 541 to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the second battery stack setting group 22, and transferred from the second negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 542 to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the fourth battery stack setting group 24, and the same When the negative electrode electrolyte is in the form of a liquid phase, the negative electrode electrolyte can be transferred from the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 through the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 55 through the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 551 to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the first battery stack setting group 21, and transferred to the negative electrode liquid inlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the third battery stack setting group 23 through the second negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet 553, thereby realizing more liquid supply methods for each battery stack in the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system through the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline and the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline, thereby increasing the flexibility and adjustability of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system.

[0082] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1The liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system also includes a first temperature management module 6; the first temperature management module 6 includes a heat exchange inlet 61 and a heat exchange outlet 62; the heat exchange inlet 61 is connected to the electrolyte heat exchange outlet 533 of the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline 53 through a heat exchange inlet pipeline; the heat exchange outlet 62 is connected to the electrolyte heat exchange inlet 534 of the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline 53 through a heat exchange outlet pipeline; the temperature management unit 6 is at least used to control the temperature of the electrolyte refluxed to the positive electrode storage tank 41 through the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline 53.

[0083] Among them, the first temperature management module 6 can be specifically understood as a module for controlling and managing the temperature of the electrolyte. Exemplarily, the first temperature management module 6 can include a heat exchanger and a heat and cold integrated machine. The first temperature management module 6 sends the electrolyte in the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline 53 through the electrolyte heat exchange outlet 533 to the heat exchanger and the heat and cold integrated machine for temperature adjustment through the heat exchange liquid inlet 61. The heat exchanger realizes heating and cooling of the electrolyte through the refrigerant to control the electrolyte temperature to remain within the efficient operating range of 30-35°C, avoid crystallization due to the electrolyte temperature being too low, and avoid the electrolyte temperature being too high to affect the redox reaction of the battery stack. After the first temperature management module 6 adjusts the temperature of the electrolyte, the electrolyte is re-delivered to the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline 53 through the heat exchange liquid outlet 62 through the electrolyte heat exchange inlet 534, so that the temperature-adjusted electrolyte flows back to the positive electrode storage tank 41. The first temperature management module realizes the control and stabilization of the electrolyte temperature, ensuring that the multi-stack cascade test system of the liquid flow battery operates under suitable temperature conditions, improving the stability and reliability of the multi-stack cascade test system of the liquid flow battery, and at the same time ensuring that the battery stack undergoes redox reactions at the optimal temperature, optimizing the performance and efficiency of the battery stack.

[0084] Optionally, the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system also includes a seventh control valve 535, which is arranged in the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline 53 between the electrolyte heat exchange outlet 533 of the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline 53 and the electrolyte heat exchange inlet 534 of the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline 53.

[0085] Specifically, the seventh control valve 535 is disposed between the electrolyte heat exchange outlet 533 and the electrolyte heat exchange inlet 534 of the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline 53. When the electrolyte in the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline 53 needs to enter the first temperature management module 6 for temperature adjustment, the seventh control valve 535 is controlled to be closed, so that the electrolyte in the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline 53 enters the first temperature management module 6 through the electrolyte heat exchange outlet 533 for temperature adjustment, and the electrolyte after temperature adjustment flows back to the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline 53 through the electrolyte heat exchange inlet 534. The seventh control valve can accurately adjust the flow direction of the electrolyte in the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline, so that the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system can flexibly adjust the temperature of the electrolyte in the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline according to demand, optimize the temperature management effect of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, and improve the stability and reliability of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system.

[0086] Optionally, the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system also includes an eighth control valve 611 and / or a ninth control valve 621; the eighth control valve 611 is arranged in the heat exchange liquid inlet pipeline; the ninth control valve 621 is arranged in the heat exchange liquid outlet pipeline.

[0087] Specifically, when the electrolyte in the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53 needs to enter the first temperature management module 6 for temperature adjustment, the seventh control valve 535 is controlled to be in a closed state, and the eighth control valve 611 and the ninth control valve 621 are controlled to be in an open state, so that the electrolyte in the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53 enters the first temperature management module 6 through the heat exchange liquid inlet pipeline for temperature adjustment, and the electrolyte after temperature adjustment flows back to the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53 through the heat exchange liquid outlet pipeline. When the electrolyte in the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53 does not need to enter the first temperature management module 6 for temperature adjustment, the seventh control valve 535 is controlled to be in an open state, and the eighth control valve 611 and the ninth control valve 621 are controlled to be in a closed state, and the electrolyte in the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53 will not enter the first temperature management module 6, but will directly flow back to the positive electrode storage tank 41. By controlling the switch states of the eighth control valve and the ninth control valve, and coordinating the switch states of the seventh control valve, the flow direction of the electrolyte in the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline can be accurately adjusted, so that the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system can flexibly adjust the temperature of the electrolyte in the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline according to demand, optimize the temperature management effect of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, and improve the stability and reliability of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system. It is understandable that the eighth control valve 611 and the ninth control valve 621 can exist at the same time or separately, and can be set according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0088] Optional, such as Figure 3As shown, the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system also includes a second temperature management module 7, which is at least partially located in the positive electrode storage tank 41 and at least partially located in the negative electrode storage tank 42; the second temperature management module 7 is used to control the temperature of the electrolyte in the positive electrode storage tank 41 and the negative electrode storage tank 42.

[0089] Specifically, the second temperature management module 7 can be understood as a module that is partially located in the positive electrode storage tank 41 and partially located in the negative electrode storage tank 42 for controlling and managing the temperature of the electrolyte. Exemplarily, the second temperature management module 7 can be a corrosion-resistant fluoroplastic heat exchanger, which includes a fluoroplastic tube, which is respectively arranged in the positive electrode storage tank 41 and the negative electrode storage tank 42. The coolant in the fluoroplastic tube exchanges heat with the electrolyte in the positive electrode storage tank 41 and the negative electrode storage tank 42 to control the electrolyte temperature in the positive electrode storage tank 41 and the negative electrode storage tank 42 to remain within an appropriate range. The second temperature management module realizes precise control of the electrolyte temperature in the positive electrode storage tank and the negative electrode storage tank, which ensures that the electrolyte maintains an appropriate temperature in the positive and negative electrode storage tanks, and improves the performance and stability of the multi-stack cascade test system of the flow battery.

[0090] Optionally, the multi-stack cascade test system for liquid flow batteries also includes multiple positive auxiliary liquid return pipelines, each positive auxiliary liquid return pipeline corresponds to each battery stack setting unit one by one; the positive liquid return branch pipeline is also provided with at least one positive auxiliary liquid return port and at least one tenth control valve; the positive auxiliary liquid return port and the tenth control valve are located in the positive liquid return branch pipeline between two adjacent battery stack setting groups in the same battery stack setting unit; the positive auxiliary liquid return pipeline is respectively connected to the positive auxiliary liquid return port and the positive main liquid return pipeline 53; the positive auxiliary liquid return pipeline between the positive auxiliary liquid return port and the positive main liquid return pipeline 53 is provided An eleventh control valve is provided; multiple negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipelines, each negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline corresponds to each battery stack setting unit one by one; the negative electrode return liquid branch pipeline is also provided with at least one negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port and at least one twelfth control valve; the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the twelfth control valve are located in the negative electrode return liquid branch pipeline between two adjacent battery stack setting groups in the same battery stack setting unit; the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline is respectively connected to the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline 56; the twelfth control valve is provided in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline between the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline 56.

[0091] For details, please refer to Figure 1The multi-stack cascade test system for liquid flow batteries includes multiple positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipelines, wherein the first positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 536 corresponds to the first battery stack setting unit 11, the second positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 537 corresponds to the second battery stack setting unit 12, and the first positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 531 is also provided with a first positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port 538 and a first tenth control valve 539. The first positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port 538 and the first tenth control valve 539 are located in the first positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 531 between the first battery stack setting group 21 and the second battery stack setting group 22 in the first battery stack setting unit 11. The first positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 536 is respectively connected to the first positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port 538 and the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53, and the first positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 536 between the first positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port 538 and the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53 is provided with a first eleventh control valve 5310. The second positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 532 is also provided with a second positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port 5311 and a second tenth control valve 5312. The second positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port 5311 and the second tenth control valve 5312 are located in the second positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 532 between the third battery stack setting group 23 and the fourth battery stack setting group 24 in the second battery stack setting unit 12. The second positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 537 is respectively connected to the second positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port 5311 and the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53. A second eleventh control valve 5313 is provided in the second positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 537 between the first positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port 5311 and the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53. It can be understood that, taking the first positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 536 as an example, by controlling the switching states of the first tenth control valve 539 and the first eleventh control valve 5310, different liquid return modes of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system can be realized.

[0092] Exemplarily, when the positive electrode electrolyte is provided to each battery stack in the second battery stack setting group 22 through the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52, the first tenth control valve 539 is controlled to be in an open state, and the first eleventh control valve 5310 is controlled to be in a closed state, so that the positive electrode electrolyte after oxidation and reduction of each battery stack in the second battery stack setting group 22 can flow back to the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53 through the positive electrode liquid outlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the second battery stack setting group 22 through the first positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 531, and flow back to the main liquid return port of the positive electrode storage tank 41 through the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53; when the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 is provided to each battery stack in the second battery stack setting group 22, the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 is provided to each battery stack in the second battery stack setting group 22. When the positive electrode electrolyte is used, the first and tenth control valves 539 are controlled to be in a closed state, and the first and eleventh control valves 5310 are controlled to be in an open state, so that the positive electrode electrolyte after oxidation and reduction of each battery stack in the second battery stack setting group 22 can flow through the positive electrode outlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the second battery stack setting mechanism 22 through the first positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port 538 and the first positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 536 to the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53, and flow back to the main liquid return port of the positive electrode storage tank 41 through the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline 53, thereby realizing different liquid return modes of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, and improving the flexibility and adjustability of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system.

[0093] Continue to refer Figure 1The multi-stack cascade test system of the flow battery includes multiple negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipelines, wherein the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 563 corresponds to the first battery stack setting unit 11, and the second negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 564 corresponds to the second battery stack setting unit 12. The first negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline 561 is also provided with a first negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port 565 and a first to twelfth control valve 566. The first negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port 565 and the first to twelfth control valve 566 are located in the first negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline 561 between the first battery stack setting group 21 and the second battery stack setting group 22 in the first battery stack setting unit 11. The first negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 563 is respectively connected to the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port 565 and the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline 56. The first to thirteenth control valve 567 is provided in the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 563 between the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port 565 and the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline 56. The second negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline 562 is also provided with a second negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port 568 and a second twelfth control valve 569. The second negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port 568 and the second twelfth control valve 569 are located in the second negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline 562 between the third battery stack setting group 23 and the fourth battery stack setting group 24 in the second battery stack setting unit 12. The second negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 564 is respectively connected to the second negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port 568 and the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline 56. A second thirteenth control valve 5610 is provided in the second negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 564 between the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port 568 and the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline 56. It can be understood that, taking the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 563 as an example, by controlling the switching states of the first twelfth control valve 566 and the first thirteenth control valve 567, different liquid return modes of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system can be realized.

[0094] Exemplarily, when negative electrode electrolyte is provided to each battery stack in the first battery stack setting group 21 through the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 55, the first twelfth control valve 566 is controlled to be in an open state, and the first thirteenth control valve 567 is controlled to be in a closed state, so that the negative electrode electrolyte after oxidation and reduction of each battery stack in the first battery stack setting group 21 can flow back to the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline 56 through the first negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline 561 of the negative electrode liquid outlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the first battery stack setting group 21, and flow back to the main liquid return port of the negative electrode storage tank 42 through the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline 56; when negative electrode electrolyte is provided to each battery stack in the first stack setting group 21 through the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 When the negative electrode electrolyte is used, the first twelfth control valve 566 is controlled to be in a closed state, and the first thirteenth control valve 567 is controlled to be in an open state, so that the negative electrode electrolyte after oxidation and reduction of each battery stack in the first battery stack setting group 21 can flow back to the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline 56 through the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port 565 and the first negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline 563 through the negative electrode outlet of each battery stack setting mechanism in the first battery stack setting group 21, and flow back to the main liquid return port of the negative electrode storage tank 42 through the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline 56, thereby realizing different liquid return modes of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, and improving the flexibility and adjustability of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system.

[0095] Optional, such as Figure 4 As shown, the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system also includes a positive electrode main driving pump 81, which is arranged in the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51 between the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline; a positive electrode auxiliary driving pump 82, which is arranged in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet; a negative electrode main driving pump 83, which is arranged in the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 54 between the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 and the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline; a negative electrode auxiliary driving pump 84, which is arranged in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 55 between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 and the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet.

[0096] The driving pump may be specifically understood as a device that provides the power pressure required to transport the electrolyte from the positive electrode liquid storage tank 41 or the negative electrode liquid storage tank 42 to each stack setting unit.

[0097] Specifically, the positive electrode main drive pump 81 is used to provide the power pressure required for transporting the positive electrode electrolyte from the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 through the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51 to each battery stack setting unit, the positive electrode auxiliary drive pump 82 is used to provide the power pressure required for transporting the positive electrode electrolyte from the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 through the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 to each battery stack setting unit, the negative electrode main drive pump 83 is used to provide the power pressure required for transporting the negative electrode electrolyte from the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 through the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 54 to each battery stack setting unit, and the negative electrode auxiliary drive pump 84 is used to provide the power pressure required for transporting the negative electrode electrolyte from the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 through the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 55 to each battery stack setting unit. By setting up various driving pumps, it is possible to ensure that the electrolyte is smoothly transported to the battery stack, which helps to ensure the normal operation of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system and guarantee the stability and continuity of the performance of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system.

[0098] Optionally, the multi-stack cascade test system for liquid flow batteries also includes: multiple sensor modules, respectively arranged in each pipeline, respectively used to obtain at least one of the electrolyte temperature signal, flow signal and pressure signal in each pipeline; an electrical signal acquisition unit, respectively connected to the battery stacks arranged at each battery stack setting mechanism, for respectively collecting the electrical signals of each battery stack; a battery stack management module, respectively connected to the battery stacks arranged at each battery stack setting mechanism, the electrical signal acquisition unit, and each sensor module; the battery stack management module is used to control the charging and discharging state of each battery stack according to the signals acquired by the sensor modules and the electrical signals collected by the electrical signal acquisition unit.

[0099] For details, please refer to Figure 4The liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system also includes a plurality of sensor modules, which are respectively arranged in each pipeline. For example, the sensor module 9 arranged in the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51 and the first positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 531 is used as an example for explanation. The sensor module 9 includes pressure sensors, temperature sensors and flow meters arranged in the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51 and the first positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 531. The first pressure sensor 911, the second pressure sensor 912 and the third pressure sensor 913 are arranged in the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51, wherein the positive electrode main driving pump 81 is located between the first pressure sensor 911 and the second pressure sensor 912, and the first pressure sensor 911 and the second pressure sensor 912 are respectively used to detect the pressure conditions before and after the positive electrode electrolyte enters the positive electrode main driving pump 81. The third pressure sensor 913 is located between the second pressure sensor 912 and the connection point between the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 and the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51. The third pressure sensor 913 is used to detect the pressure of the positive electrode electrolyte when it enters the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511. The first positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 531 is provided with a fourth pressure sensor 914, and the fourth pressure sensor 914 is used to detect the pressure of the positive electrode electrolyte after the redox reaction of each battery stack in the first battery stack setting group 21. A first temperature sensor 921 is also provided in the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51. The first temperature sensor 921 is located between the second pressure sensor 912 and the connection point between the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 and the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51. The first temperature sensor 921 is used to detect the temperature of the positive electrode electrolyte when it enters the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511. The first positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline 531 is also provided with a second temperature sensor 922, which is used to detect the temperature of the positive electrode electrolyte after the redox reaction of each battery stack in the first battery stack setting group 21. A first flow meter 931 is also provided in the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51, and the first flow meter 931 is located between the positive electrode main drive pump 81 and the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 and the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51. The first flow meter 931 is used to detect the flow rate of the positive electrode electrolyte when entering the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511. The first positive electrode pipeline outlet 1A, the second positive electrode pipeline outlet 2A and the third positive electrode pipeline outlet 3A in the first positive electrode pipeline outlet group 5111 in the first positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline 511 are respectively provided with a second flow meter 932, a third flow meter 933 and a fourth flow meter 934, and the second flow meter 932, the third flow meter 933 and the fourth flow meter 934 are respectively used to detect the flow rate of the positive electrode electrolyte when entering each battery stack setting mechanism in the first battery stack setting group 21.By setting up multiple sensor modules, the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system can monitor the pressure, temperature and flow of the electrolyte in real time, so that it can adjust the electrolyte delivery parameters in time to ensure the stable operation of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system. At the same time, it can judge the flow of the electrolyte entering each battery stack to ensure that the electrolyte flow received by each battery stack is balanced, avoid performance differences caused by uneven flow, and improve the stability and consistency of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system.

[0100] Accordingly, Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system also includes an electrical signal acquisition unit 101 and a stack management module 102, wherein the electrical signal acquisition unit 101 is connected to the stacks provided at each stack setting mechanism, and is used to collect electrical signals of each stack, including parameters such as voltage and current. By collecting electrical signals from each stack, the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system can monitor the working status of each stack in real time, including the voltage and current changes during the charging and discharging process of the stack, so as to achieve accurate management and optimization of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system. The stack management module 102 is connected to the stack, the electrical signal acquisition unit 101, and each sensor module 9 provided at each stack setting mechanism, and is used to monitor the working state of each stack in real time according to the signal obtained by the sensor module 9 and the electrical signal collected by the electrical signal acquisition unit 101, so as to accurately adjust the charge and discharge state of each stack according to the working state of each stack, ensure that the charge and discharge state of each stack is within a safe range, prevent problems such as overcharging and over-discharging, and help improve the efficiency, stability and safety of the multi-stack cascade test system of the liquid flow battery, and ensure that each stack can operate stably and efficiently during the test. It can be understood that the stack management module 102 can be connected to the stack, the electrical signal acquisition unit 101, and each sensor module 9 provided at each stack setting mechanism by electrical connection, or by communication connection, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0101] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 5 The liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system also includes a charge and discharge module 103, which is electrically connected to the battery stacks set at each battery stack setting mechanism, and is used to obtain the charge and discharge status of each battery stack, and determine the charge and discharge efficiency of each battery stack according to the charge and discharge status of each battery stack.

[0102] Specifically, the charge and discharge module 103 is electrically connected to the battery stacks provided at each battery stack setting mechanism, respectively, to obtain the charge and discharge state of each battery stack, and determines the charge and discharge efficiency of each battery stack according to the charge and discharge state of each pair of electrodes, that is, the ratio of energy input to output, so as to evaluate the performance of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system. It is understandable that the charge and discharge module 103 can monitor the charge and discharge efficiency of each battery stack under different liquid supply modes. By comparing the efficiency data under different liquid supply modes, the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system can determine which liquid supply mode can achieve the best battery stack charge and discharge efficiency, thereby optimizing the operation mode of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system and improving the efficiency, stability and reliability of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system.

[0103] Optionally, the multi-stack cascade test system for liquid flow batteries also includes a filter 13, which is respectively arranged in the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51 between the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and each positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline, in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and each positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet, in the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 54 between the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 and each negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline, and in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 55 between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 and each negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet.

[0104] For details, please refer to Figure 4 , the first filter 131 is arranged in the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 51 between the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and each positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline, the second filter 132 is arranged in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 52 between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and each positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet, the third filter 133 is arranged in the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline 54 between the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 and each negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline, and the fourth filter 134 is arranged in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 55 between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank 42 and each negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet. By arranging filters in each liquid inlet pipeline, impurities and particulate matter in the electrolyte can be filtered, which helps to maintain the purity of the electrolyte, prevent impurities from entering the battery stack, and avoid blockage of each liquid inlet pipeline, ensuring that the multi-stack cascade test system of the flow battery can operate stably and efficiently.

[0105] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 3 The liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system also includes a first exchange valve 01, which is located in the top exchange pipeline between the top electrolyte exchange port of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and the top electrolyte exchange port of the negative electrode storage tank 42; a second exchange valve 02, which is located in the bottom exchange pipeline between the bottom electrolyte exchange port of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and the bottom electrolyte exchange port of the negative electrode storage tank 42.

[0106] It is understandable that, due to the increase in the number of charge and discharge cycles of the multi-stack cascade test system of the flow battery, the electrolyte may migrate in the positive electrode storage tank and the negative electrode storage tank, resulting in an unbalanced liquid level and affecting the capacity of the electrolyte. Therefore, a first exchange valve 01 is set in the top exchange pipeline between the top electrolyte exchange port of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and the top electrolyte exchange port of the negative electrode storage tank 42 to play a safety protection role when the electrolyte level in the storage tank is too high, to prevent the electrolyte from overflowing the storage tank and to maintain the liquid level in the storage tank stable. A second exchange valve 02 is set in the bottom exchange pipeline between the bottom electrolyte exchange port of the positive electrode storage tank 41 and the bottom electrolyte exchange port of the negative electrode storage tank 42 to mix part of the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte, to ensure the uniformity and consistency of the electrolyte, to help maintain the stability and performance of the electrolyte, and to avoid excessive or low local electrolyte concentrations leading to a decrease in electrolyte performance. The provision of the first exchange valve and the second exchange valve helps to maintain the stability, safety and performance of the flow battery multi-stack cascade test system.

[0107] On the basis of the above embodiment, the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system optionally also includes a container, which is used to accommodate the entire liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system, thereby realizing the integrated design of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system and improving the efficiency, stability and reliability of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system. The container can also be installed with a walking wheel assembly, which is composed of a group of rollers, so that the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system can be easily moved to the required position, thereby improving the flexibility and convenience of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system.

[0108] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, optionally, the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system also includes an environmental chamber, which simulates the operating conditions of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system under different environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity by adjusting the parameters inside the environmental chamber, thereby being able to verify the stability and reliability of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system under various environmental conditions, helping to evaluate the performance of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system under extreme conditions, discover potential problems in advance and make improvements, thereby improving the stability and adaptability of the liquid flow battery multi-stack cascade test system.

[0109] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0110] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries, characterized in that: include: A stack setting module, comprising a plurality of stack setting units; each stack setting unit comprises a plurality of stack setting groups; each stack setting group comprises at least one stack setting mechanism; the stack setting structure is used to set a stack; the stack setting mechanism comprises a stack positive electrode liquid inlet, a stack negative electrode liquid inlet, a stack positive electrode liquid outlet and a stack negative electrode liquid outlet; the stacks arranged in the same stack setting unit are connected in series, and the stacks arranged in different stack setting units are connected in parallel; An electrolyte circulation module, including a positive electrode storage tank, a negative electrode storage tank, a positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline, a positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline, a plurality of positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines, a positive electrode main liquid return pipeline, a plurality of positive electrode liquid return branch pipelines, a negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline, a negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline, a plurality of negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines, a negative electrode main liquid return pipeline, and a plurality of negative electrode liquid return branch pipelines; The positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline is respectively connected with the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and each of the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines; each of the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines corresponds to each of the battery stack setting units; the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline includes a plurality of positive electrode pipeline outlet groups corresponding to a plurality of the battery stack setting groups in the battery stack setting unit; the positive electrode pipeline outlet group includes at least one positive electrode pipeline outlet corresponding to at least one of the battery stack setting mechanisms in the battery stack setting group; the positive electrode pipeline outlet is connected with the positive electrode liquid inlet of the battery stack; The positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline is also provided with at least one positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet and at least one first control valve; the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet and the first control valve are located in the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline between two adjacent battery stack arrangement groups in the same battery stack arrangement unit; The positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline is respectively connected with the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and each of the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlets; a second control valve is provided in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet; The positive electrode main liquid return pipeline is respectively connected with the main liquid return port of the positive electrode storage tank and each of the positive electrode liquid return branch pipelines; each of the positive electrode liquid return branch pipelines corresponds to each of the battery stack setting units; the positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline includes a plurality of positive electrode pipeline liquid return port groups corresponding to a plurality of the battery stack setting groups in the battery stack setting unit; the positive electrode pipeline liquid return port group includes at least one positive electrode pipeline liquid return port corresponding to at least one of the battery stack setting mechanisms in the battery stack setting group; the positive electrode pipeline liquid return port is connected with the positive electrode liquid outlet of the battery stack; The negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline is respectively connected with the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and each of the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines; each of the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines corresponds to each of the battery stack setting units; the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline includes a plurality of negative electrode pipeline outlet groups corresponding to a plurality of the battery stack setting groups in the battery stack setting unit; the negative electrode pipeline outlet group includes at least one negative electrode pipeline outlet corresponding to at least one of the battery stack setting mechanisms in the battery stack setting group; the negative electrode pipeline outlet is connected with the negative electrode liquid inlet of the battery stack; The negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline is also provided with at least one negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet and at least one third control valve; the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet and the third control valve are located in the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline between two adjacent battery stack arrangement groups in the same battery stack arrangement unit; The negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline is respectively connected to the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and each of the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlets; a fourth control valve is provided in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet; The negative electrode main liquid return pipeline is respectively connected with the main liquid return port of the negative electrode storage tank and each of the negative electrode liquid return branch pipelines; each of the negative electrode liquid return branch pipelines corresponds one-to-one to each of the battery stack setting units; the negative electrode liquid return branch pipeline includes a plurality of negative electrode pipeline return port groups corresponding one-to-one to a plurality of the battery stack setting groups in the battery stack setting unit; the negative electrode pipeline return port group includes at least one negative electrode pipeline return port corresponding one-to-one to at least one of the battery stack setting mechanisms in the battery stack setting group; the negative electrode pipeline return port is connected with the negative electrode liquid outlet of the battery stack.

2. The multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: at least one fifth control valve, the fifth control valve being disposed in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between two adjacent positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlets; At least one sixth control valve is provided in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between two adjacent negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlets.

3. The multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The first temperature management module includes a heat exchange inlet and a heat exchange outlet; the heat exchange inlet is connected to the electrolyte heat exchange outlet of the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline through a heat exchange inlet pipeline; the heat exchange outlet is connected to the electrolyte heat exchange inlet of the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline through a heat exchange outlet pipeline; the temperature management unit is at least used to control the temperature of the electrolyte returning to the positive electrode storage tank through the positive electrode main return liquid pipeline.

4. The multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: The seventh control valve is arranged in the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline between the electrolyte heat exchange outlet of the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline and the electrolyte heat exchange inlet of the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline.

5. The multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: an eighth control valve, arranged in the heat exchange liquid inlet pipeline; and / or, A ninth control valve is arranged in the heat exchange liquid outlet pipeline.

6. The multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: a second temperature management module, at least partially located in the positive electrode liquid storage tank, and at least partially located in the negative electrode liquid storage tank; The second temperature management module is used to control the temperature of the electrolyte in the positive electrode liquid storage tank and the negative electrode liquid storage tank.

7. The multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipelines, each of which corresponds to each of the battery stack setting units one by one; the positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline is also provided with at least one positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port and at least one tenth control valve; the positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the tenth control valve are located in the positive electrode liquid return branch pipeline between two adjacent battery stack setting groups in the same battery stack setting unit; the positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline is respectively connected to the positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline; an eleventh control valve is provided in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline between the positive electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the positive electrode main liquid return pipeline; A plurality of negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipelines, each of the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipelines corresponds to each of the battery stack setting units one by one; the negative electrode return liquid branch pipeline is also provided with at least one negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port and at least one twelfth control valve; the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the twelfth control valve are located in the negative electrode return liquid branch pipeline between two adjacent battery stack setting groups in the same battery stack setting unit; the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline is respectively connected with the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline; a twelfth control valve is provided in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return pipeline between the negative electrode auxiliary liquid return port and the negative electrode main liquid return pipeline.

8. The multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A positive electrode main driving pump is arranged in the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline between the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline; A positive electrode auxiliary driving pump is arranged in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet; A negative electrode main driving pump is arranged in the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline between the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipeline; The negative electrode auxiliary driving pump is arranged in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet.

9. The multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of sensor modules are respectively arranged in each pipeline and used to obtain at least one of a temperature signal, a flow signal and a pressure signal of the electrolyte in each pipeline; An electrical signal collection unit, connected to each of the battery stacks disposed at each of the battery stack arrangement mechanisms, and used to collect electrical signals from each of the battery stacks; The battery stack management module is respectively connected to the battery stack, the electrical signal acquisition unit, and each sensor module arranged at each battery stack setting mechanism; the battery stack management module is used to control the charging and discharging status of each battery stack according to the signal acquired by the sensor module and the electrical signal collected by the electrical signal acquisition unit.

10. The multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The charging and discharging modules are electrically connected to the battery stacks arranged at the battery stack arrangement mechanisms, respectively, and are used to obtain the charging and discharging status of each battery stack, and determine the charging and discharging efficiency of each battery stack according to the charging and discharging status of each battery stack.

11. The multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The filters are respectively arranged in the positive electrode main liquid inlet pipeline between the main liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and each of the positive electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines, in the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the positive electrode storage tank and each of the positive electrode auxiliary liquid inlets, in the negative electrode main liquid inlet pipeline between the main liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and each of the negative electrode liquid inlet branch pipelines, and in the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline between the auxiliary liquid outlet of the negative electrode storage tank and each of the negative electrode auxiliary liquid inlets.

12. The multi-stack cascade test system for flow batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A first exchange valve is located in a top exchange pipeline between a top electrolyte exchange port of the positive electrode storage tank and a top electrolyte exchange port of the negative electrode storage tank; The second exchange valve is located in the bottom exchange pipeline between the bottom electrolyte exchange port of the positive electrode storage tank and the bottom electrolyte exchange port of the negative electrode storage tank.

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