A method and device for simulating deformation of basement-involved tectonic belt based on discrete element

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of geological structure deformation simulation, and in particular to a method and device for simulating deformation of a basement-involved tectonic belt based on discrete elements, including: extracting stratigraphic information of a target area through geological survey and seismic data analysis; defining basement wall conditions according to the distribution of basement activities; setting target speed according to multi-stage deformation in the target area; determining particle microscopic parameters based on geological parameters and constructing a discrete element model; starting the movement of boundary walls and basement walls to simulate the dynamic evolution of the tectonic belt; when the contraction amount of the rear edge boundary of the moving plate meets predetermined conditions, obtaining and analyzing simulation results based on the movement data of the filling particles. The present invention simulates and analyzes a variety of basement-involved tectonic modes, controls basement velocity boundary conditions, simplifies the model calculation amount of the basement, improves simulation efficiency, and enhances the reliability of results, thereby providing theoretical and technical support for oil and gas exploration work in basement-involved tectonic belts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological structure deformation simulation, and in particular to a method and device for simulating deformation of a basement involved structural belt based on discrete elements. Background Art

[0002] When conducting physical simulations, the experimental design faces many challenges due to the complexity and variability of the structure of the orogenic belt. In particular, in simulating the behavior of the basement, multiple motors are required, and the complex structure makes it difficult to accurately reproduce the basement characteristics and movement patterns under natural conditions. Therefore, it is a technical challenge to accurately reflect the mechanical properties of the basement, the initial state of the fault, and its evolution process in the physical simulation. In contrast, numerical simulation provides a more flexible method to explore the tectonic evolution of the orogenic belt.

[0003] However, traditional methods usually use pre-existing faults to perform numerical simulations, which may lead to simplification or neglect of the actual situation of the basement, especially when the velocity boundary conditions of the basement cannot be accurately controlled. This limitation is particularly obvious; therefore, existing numerical models may fail to fully capture the complex interaction mechanism between the basement and the overlying strata. At the same time, the basement depth is often uncertain, or it develops at the ductile / brittle transition surface or the middle crust extension slip surface or 15~30km inside the deep crust, resulting in a surge in the overall calculation amount; in order to overcome the above difficulties, the present invention uses discrete elements to better simulate the dynamic behavior of the basement, and considers its profound impact on the tectonic evolution of the entire tectonic belt, so as to obtain simulation results that are closer to the actual geological conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract of the specification and the title of the invention of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the abstract of the specification and the title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] In view of the above existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is: how to efficiently obtain reliable simulation results that are closer to actual geological conditions.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: through geological survey and seismic data analysis, the stratigraphic information of the target area is extracted to obtain the distribution of basement activity;

[0008] According to the distribution of basement activities, basement wall conditions are defined to simulate different movement states in actual geological environments;

[0009] According to the extrusion compression and stretching of the multi-stage deformation in the target area, the lateral boundary is divided into a movable wall and a fixed wall, and a target speed is set for movement;

[0010] Based on the geological parameters of the target area, target microscopic parameters of the filling particles are determined, and a discrete element model is constructed;

[0011] The movement of boundary walls and basement walls is initiated, and the deposition and erosion associated with basement uplift are considered to simulate the dynamic evolution of the entire tectonic belt.

[0012] When the shrinkage amount of the trailing edge boundary of the moving plate in the target area meets a predetermined condition, a simulation result is obtained and analyzed based on the movement data of the filling particles.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the method for simulating deformation of basement involved tectonic belt based on discrete element in the present invention, the distribution of basement activity is obtained, including:

[0014] Extracting stratigraphic information of the target area using high-resolution seismic reflection profile detection technology;

[0015] The analyzed seismic analysis map is inverted to obtain the distribution map and displacement of the influence of basement fault on overlying sediments;

[0016] Determining the amount of extrusion compression and stretching of the target area for multi-stage deformation;

[0017] Based on the geological parameters of the target area, the inversion process of the tectonic belt involved in the basement fault is obtained, and the position, fault properties, angle, and activity sequence parameters of the basement fault are obtained;

[0018] According to the position, fault properties, angle, and activity sequence parameters of the basement fault, a target discrete element numerical simulation model with multiple basement boundaries is constructed to simulate two basement components of the basement boundary;

[0019] The two basement components include a basement wall and a basement fault, and the basement wall and the basement fault together construct the basement boundary.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the method for simulating deformation of basement-involved tectonic belt based on discrete element described in the present invention, it includes:

[0021] The basement wall is set as a rigid structure in the model to simulate the basement rock in the actual geological body. Its geometric shape is adaptively adjusted according to the actual geological conditions. The velocity boundary conditions at both ends of the basement wall are independently controlled by accessing each node that constitutes the wall. During initialization, one end is used as a fixed boundary and is set to zero velocity or a specific initial velocity, and the other end is used as a moving boundary and is assigned a velocity value different from that of the other end to form a velocity gradient.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the method for simulating deformation of basement-involved tectonic belt based on discrete element described in the present invention, it includes:

[0023] The basement fault is set as a rigid structure in the model to simulate the fault behavior in the actual geological body, including uplift, subsidence or strike-slip movement, and to deal with the baffle blocking phenomenon, that is, the sealing effect that may occur when the two sides of the fault move relative to each other. The geometric parameters of the basement fault are determined according to the displacement of the basement uplift, the position of the basement fault, and the dip angle of the basement fault in the seismic profile information;

[0024] Among them, the basement fault is divided into thrust fault, extension fault and strike-slip fault according to the stress environment. The movement mode of the basement fault depends on the stress environment at different stages. The velocity in the movement parameter of the basement fault depends on the velocity of the intersection with the basement wall. The velocities of the two end points of the basement fault are consistent.

[0025] As a preferred solution of the method for simulating deformation of basement involved tectonic belt based on discrete element in the present invention, the lateral boundary is divided into movable wall and fixed wall according to the extrusion compression and extension of multi-stage deformation of the target area, and the target speed is set for movement to accurately reflect the tectonic action in different geological periods;

[0026] According to the stratum development around the basement fault in the target area, the superposition effect of the basement is evaluated, and the basement tectonic movement formed in multiple geological periods is set;

[0027] According to the deposition and erosion phenomena in the target area during its evolution, particles are dynamically added and subtracted during the simulation process to reflect the changes in actual geological conditions;

[0028] When deposition occurs, a new granular layer is added above the overlying sedimentary layer, and the thickness can be adjusted according to the actual deposition rate. When erosion occurs, the granular layer on the top of the model is removed to simulate the erosion and transportation process of the rock.

[0029] As a preferred solution of the method for simulating deformation of basement-involved tectonic belt based on discrete element in the present invention, the construction of discrete element model includes:

[0030] Filling the model at the boundary of the target area with particles of a specified size, and preliminarily establishing the first discrete element model;

[0031] Calibrate and determine the microscopic parameters of the granular materials of each stratum simulated by the first discrete element model through biaxial compression test;

[0032] The first discrete element model is fine-tuned in combination with the microscopic parameters of the granular material and the formation information of the target area to obtain an optimized second discrete element model, which is the final discrete element model.

[0033] As a preferred solution of the method for simulating deformation of basement-involved tectonic belt based on discrete element in the present invention, obtaining and analyzing simulation results includes:

[0034] Particle deformation, which is used to represent the deformation of the particles in the second discrete element model at different evolution stages;

[0035] Velocity field and displacement field, used to represent the velocity field and displacement field distribution of the particles in the second discrete element model at different evolution stages;

[0036] Fracture distribution, which is used to represent the fracture distribution in the second discrete element model at different evolution stages;

[0037] Stress-strain distribution, used to represent the stress-strain distribution of the particles in the second discrete element model at different evolution stages;

[0038] Basement contribution assessment is used to indicate the specific contribution of basement deformation to the deformation of the overlying sedimentary layer.

[0039] As a preferred solution of the discrete element-based substrate rolling-in structural belt deformation simulation device of the present invention, it includes:

[0040] The inversion module is used to extract stratigraphic information by observing the geology of the target area and analyzing the seismic data in the area, and to invert the seismic analysis map to obtain the distribution map and displacement of the influence of the basement fault on the overlying sediments;

[0041] The basement module is used to design basement boundary conditions according to the basement activity distribution, basement fault properties, and angular positions, including velocity boundary conditions that are independently controlled at both ends;

[0042] The formation module is used to determine the target microscopic parameters of the filling particles according to the geological parameters of the target area, construct a first discrete element model, and obtain a second discrete element model through experimental testing and parameter adjustment;

[0043] A deformation module is used to obtain the simulation results of the tectonic belt based on the movement of each moving boundary under different model boundary movement parameters;

[0044] The analysis module is used to analyze the evolution of deformation of the basement involved tectonic belt in the target area based on the simulation results.

[0045] As a preferred solution of the electronic device described in the present invention, it includes:

[0046] one or more processors;

[0047] A memory storing operable instructions, wherein when the instructions are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are caused to perform operations, wherein the operations include the process of the aforementioned discrete element-based base roll-in structural belt deformation simulation method.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment of a computer-readable medium storing software described in the present invention, the software includes instructions that can be executed by one or more computers, and the instructions enable the one or more computers to perform operations through such execution, and the operations include the process of the aforementioned discrete element-based base involvement tectonic belt deformation simulation method.

[0049] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention significantly simplifies the model calculation amount involving the basement by controlling the basement properties and velocity boundary conditions, and compares the simulation results with the seismic profile, which not only improves the simulation efficiency but also enhances the reliability and practicality of the results; at the same time, through the discrete element method, the dynamic behavior of multiple basement faults is better simulated, and its profound influence on the structural evolution of the entire tectonic belt is considered, so as to obtain simulation results that are closer to the actual geological conditions;

[0050] The method of the present invention provides a powerful tool for evaluating the impact of basement faults on the tectonic evolution of overlying strata, helps to reveal the reservoir-forming mechanism of multi-stage superimposed oil and gas basins, and provides solid theoretical and technical support for oil and gas exploration. In addition, this method can also be applied to a wide range of geological engineering fields, such as earthquake hazard assessment, mine safety design, etc., and has important application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0052] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the method for simulating deformation of basement-involved structural belt based on discrete element shown in the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the base rolled-in structural belt type shown in the present invention, wherein: Figure 2 a is a pure thick skin type diagram, Figure 2 b is the thick skin-thin skin transition type diagram, Figure 2 c is a superposition type diagram, Figure 2 d is the type of thick skin ridge at the front edge;

[0054] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of basement deformation under compression and extension environments shown in the present invention, where: Figure 3 a is the deformation diagram of basement fault under compression environment, Figure 3 b is the deformation diagram of basement fault in extensional environment;

[0055] Figure 4 The initial model setting diagram of the basement wall and fault shown in the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 The simulation results of different basement fault movement modes shown in the present invention are shown in FIG. Figure 5 a is the uniform uplift diagram of the basement reverse fault, Figure 5 b is the uniform subsidence diagram of the basement normal fault. Figure 5 c is the gradient lift diagram formed by the velocity difference in different parts of the base. Figure 5 d is the uniform uplift diagram of the basement strike-slip fault;

[0057] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram showing the comparison between the initial model of the basement involved in the tectonic zone and the seismic profile in the example area shown in the present invention, wherein: Figure 6 a is the initial model setting diagram of the basement involved in the tectonic belt. Figure 6 b is the comparison diagram of seismic profile;

[0058] Figure 7 This is a structural deformation, strain and stress distribution analysis diagram shown in the present invention, where: Figure 7 a is the structural deformation diagram, Figure 7 b is the volume strain diagram, Figure 7 c is the deformation strain diagram, Figure 7 d is the average stress diagram;

[0059] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a simulation device for deformation of a base roll-in structural belt based on discrete elements shown in the present invention;

[0060] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device shown in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.

[0062] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without making any creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] According to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 The flowchart shown in the figure is a method for simulating deformation of basement involved tectonic belt based on discrete element, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0066] S1. Through geological survey and seismic data analysis, the stratigraphic information of the target area is extracted to obtain the distribution of basement activity;

[0067] S2. According to the distribution of basement activities, basement wall conditions are defined to simulate different movement states in actual geological environments;

[0068] S3, dividing the lateral boundary into movable walls and fixed walls according to the extrusion compression and stretching of the multi-stage deformation in the target area, and setting the target speed for movement;

[0069] S4. Based on the geological parameters of the target area, the target microscopic parameters of the filling particles are determined and a discrete element model is constructed;

[0070] S5, start the movement of boundary walls and basement walls, and consider the deposition and erosion associated with basement uplift to simulate the dynamic evolution of the entire tectonic belt;

[0071] S6. When the shrinkage amount of the trailing edge boundary of the moving plate in the target area meets the predetermined conditions, the simulation results are obtained and analyzed based on the movement data of the filling particles.

[0072] Combine the following Figure 2~Figure 7 The schematic diagrams shown and some preferred or optional examples of the present invention more specifically describe the implementation process and / or effects of certain examples of the present invention.

[0073] Reference Figure 2 , which are four main types of basement-involved structural belts involved in the implementation of the method of the present invention. Each type embodies different geological characteristics and mechanical behaviors. The method of the present invention can effectively simulate these basement-involved structural belts, among which:

[0074] Figure 2 a is a pure "thick skin" type. This type of tectonic belt usually refers to the large-scale deformation and displacement of deep basement rocks under tectonic action, such as Figure 2As shown in a, in this type, the basement rock shows significant rigidity, and its deformation is mainly fault activity, with less folding. The present invention can accurately simulate the fault movement, the interaction between plates and the surface deformation caused by this "thick skin" tectonic belt;

[0075] Figure 2 b is the "thick skin" ~ "thin skin" type. This type of structural belt is in a transitional state between the two extremes of "thick skin" and "thin skin", such as Figure 2 As shown in b, the “thick skin” part reflects the rigid deformation of the deep basement, while the “thin skin” part shows more of the plastic deformation characteristics of the overlying sediments. By flexibly adjusting the model parameters, the present invention can capture the changes in structural style from deep to shallow, including the combined morphology of faults and folds and their evolution over time;

[0076] Figure 2 c is the superposition type, which involves the cumulative effect of multiple tectonic events, in which the normal fault structure formed in the early stage is further modified or covered by the later compressional tectonic activities. This complex tectonic history leads to the existence of multiple tectonic units of different ages and properties within the tectonic belts observed today. The present invention allows users to introduce tectonic events of multiple stages to reproduce the complex evolution of these tectonic belts and explore the relationship and influence between tectonic activities of different stages;

[0077] Figure 2 d is the front "thick-skinned" uplift type, which refers specifically to a special tectonic phenomenon located at the front of the orogenic belt. Here, due to strong compression, the basement rock arches upward to form an obvious uplift structure.

[0078] As an example, the target area is the eastern tectonic belt of the Kuche Depression. The Kuche Depression is located in the transition zone between the Southern Tianshan Mountains and the Tarim Basin, and developed intracontinental syntectonic deposits of the late Cenozoic. According to the current structural morphology and stratigraphic distribution, the eastern depression is a semi-arc tectonic belt extending from east to west, which can be further divided into the Yiqikelik monocline belt, the Dongqiulitage-Dina-Yangbei tectonic belt, the Yangxia sag and the southern slope belt. According to the degree and scope of stratum participation in structural deformation, it is divided into multiple deformation zones from north to south.

[0079] In an optional embodiment, the stratigraphic information of the target area is comprehensively extracted through geological surveys and seismic data analysis, wherein the stratigraphic information of the target area is extracted using high-resolution seismic reflection profile detection technology; the seismic analysis map obtained by analysis is inverted to obtain the distribution map and displacement of the influence of the basement fault on the overlying sediments; the extrusion, compression and extension of the multi-stage deformation of the target area are determined; the inversion process of the tectonic belt involving the basement fault is clarified to obtain the properties and angle parameters of the basement fault.

[0080] For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the basement involvement type of the eastern section of the Kuche Depression structural belt is analyzed and the displacement is statistically analyzed, including the properties and angle parameters of the basement fault, referring to Figure 6 ,like Figure 6 As shown in b, the seismic profile of the basement involved in the exemplary area shows that the Yiqikelike belt has a large-scale uplift of the upper plate strata under the action of the high-angle basement main thrust fault; the Dongqiu tectonic belt is a deformation zone of four tectonic layers, and each layer participates in strong deformation. The basement deformation of the uplift anticline belt to the north of the basement main fault is strong. The upper tectonic layer of the gypsum mudstone in the Dongqiu Litag tectonic belt is a large-scale fold anticline, the gypsum mudstone layer is rapidly thickened, and the lower tectonic layer of the gypsum mudstone is a thrust-nappe structure; to the south to the southern slope area, all strata from shallow to deep are weakly deformed; according to Figure 6 The b section obtains the active position, properties and displacement of the basement fault.

[0081] Furthermore, according to the distribution of basement activity in the target area, basement boundary conditions are defined to simulate different movement states in the actual geological environment, including: defining the basement wall as a rigid structural element, representing the basement rock layer that is not easily deformed deep underground, multiple basement wall activity modes, and setting the target speed for movement; wherein, defining the velocity boundary conditions that can be independently controlled at both ends of the basement wall, one end is set as a fixed boundary to zero speed or a specific initial speed, and the other end is given a velocity value different from the first end as a moving boundary to form a velocity gradient; adding the fault baffle blocking phenomenon caused by basement uplift, subsidence or strike-slip, and considering the relationship between these activity directions and the fault angle, the basement wall uplift velocity direction depends on the basement angle direction, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0082] Reference Figure 3 , showing the two main geological environments considered by the present invention when simulating basement involvement in faults, namely compression environment and extension environment. The fault deformation under these two environments reflects different tectonic stress states and mechanical behaviors, among which:

[0083] like Figure 3 As shown in a, it is the deformation of basement fault under compression environment. Under compression environment, basement rock is subjected to pressure from both sides, resulting in complex stress field and strain distribution inside. Faults formed under such conditions usually appear as reverse faults or thrust structures, in which the upper plate slides upward relative to the lower plate along the fault plane.

[0084] like Figure 3 (b) shows basement fault deformation in an extensional environment. In contrast, in an extensional environment, the basement rocks are subjected to tensile tension, leading to the formation of normal faults, that is, the upper wall slides down relative to the lower wall.

[0085] As an example, step S2 sets basement walls 0, 4, 6, 7 and basement fault walls 5, 8, 9 according to the basement lifting position obtained in step S1, such as Figure 6 As shown in a, basement faults 5 and 8 are thrust faults, and the uplift velocity direction of the basement fault is along the basement angle direction; basement fault 9 is close to a vertical fault, and basement wall 0 is a fixed wall and does not participate in the activity; basement walls 4 and 6 involve differential uplift at both ends of the basement wall, and the uplift velocity of the intersection of the basement wall and the basement fault is obtained by inverting the basement fault uplift velocity according to step S1 , and according to the relationship of the right triangle:

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] in, is the velocity component of the basement wall at the intersection with the basement fault in the horizontal direction, is the velocity component of the basement wall at the intersection with the basement fault in the vertical direction, is the angle between the basement fault and the horizontal plane (basement angle), and the other end point is a fixed end point. The fixed end reduces the degree of freedom of the system and the computing resources required in the solution process, which is consistent with the inversion result.

[0089] Reference Figure 4 , is an initial model setting of a basement-involved fault involved in the implementation of the present invention, and the model includes two necessary basement components: a basement wall and a basement fault; this setting is intended to simulate the process of basement uplift causing deformation of overlying sediments, and takes into account the changes in the active directions of the basement wall and the basement fault along the fault angle; wherein the basement wall is a rigid structure in the model, responsible for simulating the basement rock in the actual geological body, which can undergo uplift movement during the simulation process, thereby inducing deformation of the overlying sedimentary layer; its geometric shape is adjusted according to the actual geological conditions to more accurately reflect the characteristics of the study area; the uplift of the basement wall can be uniform, accelerated or staged, depending on the geological process to be simulated; the basement fault is used to simulate the fault behavior in the actual geological body, including uplift, subsidence or strike-slip movement, and is also responsible for dealing with the baffle blocking phenomenon, that is, the sealing effect that may occur when the two sides of the fault move relative to each other.

[0090] Reference Figure 5 , is a simulation result diagram of a simple model setting of the basement involved in the implementation of the present invention, which realizes a fine simulation of structural belts with different basement shapes, such as Figure 5 As shown in a, the basement reverse fault and basement wall are uniformly uplifted along the fault plane at a constant rate, as shown in Figure 5 As shown in b, the basement reverse fault and basement wall sink uniformly along the fault plane at a constant rate, as shown in Figure 5As shown in c, it is the gradient lift formed by the velocity difference of different parts of the base, that is, the differential lift at the two end points of the base wall; among them, the velocity boundary conditions independently controlled at both ends set the initial velocity for these elements during initialization by accessing each node that constitutes the wall.

[0091] For example, for the left end point A and the right end point B of the wall, different speeds v are assigned to them respectively. A and v B , when updating the position in each time step, the position of each point is adjusted according to the formula Δx=v⋅Δt, where v is the velocity and Δt is the time step, such as Figure 5 As shown in (d), the basement strike-slip faults are uplifted at a uniform rate, and the vertical faults and basement walls are uplifted uniformly along the fault plane at a constant rate.

[0092] In an optional embodiment, the lateral boundaries are divided into movable walls (such as extension walls and compression walls) and fixed walls according to the amount of extrusion compression and extension of the multi-stage deformation in the study area, and the target speed is set for movement to accurately reflect the tectonic effects of different geological periods.

[0093] Exemplarily, step S3 determines the total amount of extrusion to be applied based on the extrusion shortening data of the Kuqa Depression obtained in step S1. In this embodiment, in order to simulate a process close to the actual geological time scale, a quasi-static extrusion rate is used.

[0094] Furthermore, according to the geological parameters of the target area, the target microscopic parameters of the filling particles are determined and an accurate discrete element model is constructed, in which:

[0095] Filling the model at the boundary of the target area with particles of a specified size, and preliminarily establishing the first discrete element model;

[0096] Through biaxial compression test, the microscopic parameters of the granular materials of each stratum simulated by the first discrete element model are calibrated and determined;

[0097] Combining the microscopic parameters of the granular material and the stratigraphic information of the target area, the first discrete element model is fine-tuned to obtain an optimized second discrete element model, which is the final discrete element model.

[0098] It should be noted that the microscopic parameters of granular materials are used to simulate the rock deformation of actual strata, which include the radius of the particles, the density of the particles, the shear modulus of the particles, the Poisson's ratio of the particles, the friction coefficient of the particles, the local damping coefficient and the bonding parameters between the particles; among which, the bonding parameters between the particles include the Young's modulus of the bond, the shear modulus of the bond, the tensile strength of the bond and the shear strength of the bond.

[0099] As an example, the eastern section of the Kuche Depression is bounded by the gypsum mudstone layer vertically. The eastern part of the Kuche Depression is divided into four layers vertically, including: the upper gypsum mudstone layer (Neogene Kangcun Formation-Quaternary), the gypsum mudstone layer (Neogene Jidike Formation), the lower gypsum mudstone layer (Triassic-Paleogene) and the basement; fill the particles with a specified size of 120~160m in diameter into the model of the above boundary, and preliminarily establish the first discrete element model; use the biaxial experiment to obtain the brittle layer parameters: the density of the particles is 2500km / m 3 , the elastic modulus of the particles is 2.9e 9 Pa, Poisson's ratio is 0.2, local damping coefficient is 0.4, friction coefficient is 0.3, and Young's modulus of bonding is 2.0e 8 Pa, the shear modulus of bonding is 2.0e 8 Pa, the tensile strength of the bond ranges from 0.0 to 1.0e 7 Pa, the shear strength of the bond ranges from 0.0 to 2.0e 7 Pa; Salt rock layer parameters: particle density is 2200km / m 3 , the elastic modulus of the particles is 2.9e 9 Pa, Poisson's ratio is 0.2, local damping coefficient is 0.4, friction coefficient is 0.0, and no bonding parameter is set, which conforms to the characteristics of plastic flow. The second discrete element model reflects the actual stratigraphic characteristics of the eastern part of the Kuche Depression, which can be divided into four layers in the vertical direction, such as Figure 6 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a second discrete element model, in which different strata are identified by different colors.

[0100] In an optional embodiment, after obtaining the optimized second discrete element model, the movement of the boundary wall and the basement wall is initiated, and the deposition and erosion associated with the basement uplift are considered to simulate the dynamic evolution of the entire tectonic belt.

[0101] For example, as the extrusion process proceeds, new particles are added above each 1 km of deformed particles to simulate syntactic deposition. Specifically, when the cumulative extrusion distance reaches 1 km, a new layer of particles is added to the corresponding position in the model. The thickness of the new layer can be adjusted according to the actual deposition rate and shortened until it is consistent with the deformation of the profile, e.g. Figure 6 As shown in b, the calculation is stopped and the deformation process of the basement being involved in the tectonic belt is completed.

[0102] It should also be noted that in this embodiment, when the shrinkage amount of the trailing edge boundary of the target moving plate meets the predetermined conditions, the simulation results are obtained and analyzed based on the movement data of the filling particles, including:

[0103] Particle deformation results: deformation of the particles in the second discrete element model at different evolution stages;

[0104] Velocity field and displacement field: velocity field and displacement field distribution of the particles in the second discrete element model at different evolution stages;

[0105] Fracture distribution: Fracture distribution in the second discrete element model at different evolution stages;

[0106] Stress-strain distribution: stress-strain distribution of particles in the second discrete element model at different evolution stages;

[0107] Basement contribution assessment: the specific contribution of basement deformation to the deformation of the overlying sedimentary layer.

[0108] Reference Figure 7 , for the various results analysis of the basement involved in the fault tectonic zone in the exemplary area provided by the present invention, such as Figure 7 As shown in a, it is a structural deformation map simulated by the basement of the eastern section of the Kuche Depression being involved in the fault structural belt. The structural deformation map shows the main geological structure changes in the basement of the eastern section of the Kuche Depression being involved in the fault structural belt, including folds, faults, and fissure geological phenomena; Figure 7 As shown in b, it is a volume strain diagram simulated by the fault tectonic zone of the basement involved in the eastern section of the Kuche Depression. The volume strain diagram reflects the change of the rock volume of the sedimentary layer in the fault tectonic zone of the basement involved in the eastern section of the Kuche Depression, and is used to evaluate the compression or tension state of the overlying strata; Figure 7 c is a deformation strain diagram of the basement involved in the fault tectonic zone in the eastern section of the Kuche Depression, which reflects the shear deformation and tensile deformation in the tectonic zone and reveals the deformation mode inside the sediment. Figure 7 (d) shows the average stress diagram of the basement involved in the fault tectonic zone in the eastern section of the Kuqa Depression, which shows the average stress distribution in the tectonic zone. The transition from high-pressure to low-pressure areas helps to identify potential stress release paths or fault zones.

[0109] Preferably, the present invention proposes a deformation simulation method for the basement involvement tectonic belt based on the discrete element method, which aims to simulate and analyze various basement involvement tectonic modes, by accurately controlling the velocity boundary conditions of the basement and simplifying the model calculation amount involving the basement, and comparing the model results with the current seismic profile, which not only improves the simulation efficiency but also enhances the reliability and practicality of the results.

[0110] The aforementioned extraction of stratum information and analysis of seismic images, as well as the parameter setting, fine-tuning and analysis methods of the model, can be performed using methods and means in the prior art, and will not be described in detail in this example.

[0111] Example 2

[0112] Reference Figure 8 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it provides a substrate rolling-in structural belt deformation simulation device based on discrete elements, which specifically includes:

[0113] The inversion module extracts stratigraphic information by observing the geology of the area to be analyzed and analyzing the seismic data in the area. It also inverts the seismic analysis map to obtain the distribution map and displacement of the influence of the basement fault on the overlying sediments.

[0114] Specifically, the inversion module is based on the data collection and preprocessing of the study area, including but not limited to seismic exploration records, drilling logs, geophysical measurements (such as gravity and magnetism), and geological survey reports, and based on the analysis results, the rock type and physical parameters (such as density and elastic modulus) of each layer are annotated to identify the location of basement faults and the structural signs of their activity;

[0115] The inversion module uses seismic data inversion algorithms such as parallel flow to statistically analyze the impact of basement faults on overlying sediments, that is, to show which areas are affected by fault activity and the displacement of these impacts;

[0116] The basement module designs basement boundary conditions according to the basement activity distribution, basement fault properties, and angle positions, and can set velocity boundary conditions that are independently controlled at both ends;

[0117] Among them, the velocity boundary conditions controlled independently at both ends visit each node that constitutes the wall and set the initial velocity for these elements during initialization;

[0118] The formation module determines the target mesoscopic parameters of the filling particles according to the geological parameters of the target area, constructs the first discrete element model, and obtains the second discrete element model through experimental testing and parameter adjustment;

[0119] The formation module uses a biaxial compression test or an angle of repose test to determine the microscopic parameters of the granular materials of each formation simulated by the first discrete element model, and uses the microscopic parameters of the granular materials and the formation information of the target area to set the parameters of the first discrete element model to obtain a second discrete element model;

[0120] The deformation module obtains the simulation results of the tectonic belt based on the movement of each moving boundary under different base boundary movement parameters. The simulation results refer to the deformation of the particles of the second discrete element model at different evolution stages calculated by applying external forces to the filling particles in different base movements of the model;

[0121] Optionally, in the deformation module, the lateral boundaries are divided into movable walls (such as extension walls and compression walls) and fixed walls according to the extrusion compression and extension of the multi-stage deformation of the target area, and the target speed is set for movement to accurately reflect the tectonic effects of different geological periods. At the same time, particles can be added and reduced according to the sedimentation and erosion conditions in different stages;

[0122] The analysis module analyzes the evolution of deformation of the basement involved in the tectonic belt in the target area based on the simulation results;

[0123] Optionally, the analysis module calculates the deformation of the second discrete element model particles at different evolution stages based on the filling particles in different substrate movements during the movement of external force, and then obtains the velocity field and displacement field distribution of the second discrete element model particles at different evolution stages, the fracture distribution in the second discrete element model at different evolution stages, and the stress-strain distribution of the second discrete element model particles at different evolution stages.

[0124] Reference Fig. 9 , illustrates a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, which includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus. These components are interconnected through the communication bus to achieve data exchange.

[0125] The processor has the ability to call logic instructions stored in the memory to execute a discrete element-based simulation method for deformation of the basement involved in the tectonic belt, the method comprising: extracting stratigraphic information of the target area through geological survey and seismic data analysis to obtain the distribution of basement activity; defining basement wall conditions according to the distribution of basement activity to simulate different movement states in the actual geological environment; dividing the lateral boundary into movable walls and fixed walls according to the amount of extrusion, compression and extension of multi-stage deformation in the target area, and setting the target speed for movement; determining the target microscopic parameters of the filling particles based on the geological parameters of the target area and constructing a discrete element model; starting the movement of the boundary wall and the basement wall, while considering the deposition and erosion associated with the basement uplift, simulating the dynamic evolution process of the entire tectonic belt; when the contraction amount of the trailing edge boundary of the moving plate in the target area meets the predetermined conditions, obtaining and analyzing the simulation results based on the movement data of the filling particles.

[0126] It should be appreciated that embodiments of the present invention can be implemented or carried out by computer hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or by computer instructions stored in a non-transitory computer-readable memory.

[0127] The methods may be implemented in a computer program using standard programming techniques, including a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium configured with a computer program, wherein the storage medium so configured causes a computer to operate in a specific and predefined manner.

[0128] Each program can be implemented in a high-level procedural or object-oriented programming language to communicate with a computer system, however, the program can be implemented in assembly or machine language if desired.

[0129] In any case, the language may be a compiled or interpreted language.

[0130] Furthermore, the program can be run on an application specific integrated circuit programmed for this purpose.

[0131] The processes described herein (or variations and / or combinations thereof) may be performed under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions, and may be implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) that is executed collectively on one or more processors, by hardware, or a combination thereof. A computer program includes a plurality of instructions that can be executed by one or more processors.

[0132] Further, the methods may be implemented in any type of computing platform operably connected to a suitable computer, including but not limited to a personal computer, a minicomputer, a mainframe, a workstation, a network or distributed computing environment, a separate or integrated computer platform, or in communication with a charged particle tool or other imaging device.

[0133] The logic instructions stored in the above-mentioned memory can be designed as an independent product for sale or use. When implemented as a software functional unit, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. This computer software product contains a number of instructions designed to allow a computer device (such as a personal computer, server or network device) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in the present invention. Applicable storage media include but are not limited to USB flash drives, mobile hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks and optical disks.

[0134] In addition, the present invention provides a computer program product, which contains a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When this computer program is executed, it enables the computer to execute the above-mentioned method for simulating deformation of the basement-involved tectonic belt. The implementation of the technical solution can be achieved by combining software with a necessary general hardware platform, and the part of the technical solution that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can also be stored in various computer-readable storage media, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., for computer equipment to execute related methods.

[0135] Additionally, the machine-readable code, or portions thereof, can be transmitted over a wired or wireless network.

[0136] The invention herein includes these and other different types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media when such media include instructions or programs that implement the above steps in conjunction with a microprocessor or other data processor.

[0137] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for simulating deformation of basement involved tectonic belt based on discrete element, characterized in that: include: Through geological survey and seismic data analysis, the stratigraphic information of the target area is extracted to obtain the distribution of basement activity; According to the distribution of basement activities, basement wall boundary conditions are defined to simulate different movement states in actual geological environments; The basement wall is set as a rigid structure in the model to simulate the basement rock in the actual geological body, and its geometric shape is adaptively adjusted according to the actual geological conditions. The velocity boundaries are independently controlled at both ends of the basement wall. During initialization, one end is used as a fixed boundary and is set to zero velocity or a specific initial velocity, and the other end is used as a moving boundary and is assigned a velocity value different from that of the one end to form a velocity gradient. According to the extrusion compression and extension of the multi-stage deformation in the target area, the lateral boundary is divided into a movable wall and a fixed wall, and a target speed is set; Based on the geological parameters of the target area, target microscopic parameters of the filling particles are determined, and a discrete element model is constructed; including: Filling the model at the boundary of the target area with particles of a specified size, and preliminarily establishing the first discrete element model; Calibrate and determine the microscopic parameters of the granular materials of each stratum simulated by the first discrete element model through biaxial compression test; Combining the microscopic parameters of the granular material and the formation information of the target area, fine-tuning the first discrete element model to obtain an optimized second discrete element model, which is the final discrete element model; The movement of boundary walls and basement walls is initiated, and the deposition and erosion associated with basement uplift are considered to simulate the dynamic evolution of the entire tectonic belt. When the shrinkage amount of the trailing edge boundary of the moving plate in the target area meets a predetermined condition, a simulation result is obtained and analyzed based on the movement data of the filling particles.

2. The method for simulating deformation of basement involved tectonic belt based on discrete element according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtaining the distribution of the substrate activity includes: Extracting stratigraphic information of the target area using high-resolution seismic reflection profile detection technology; The seismic analysis map is inverted to obtain the distribution map and displacement of the influence of the basement fault on the overlying sediments; Determining the amount of extrusion compression and stretching of the target area for multi-stage deformation; Based on the geological parameters of the target area, the inversion process of the tectonic belt involving the basement fault is obtained, and the position, fault properties, angle, and activity sequence parameters of the basement fault are obtained.

3. The method for simulating deformation of basement involved structural belt based on discrete element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: include: The basement fault is set as a rigid structure in the model to simulate the fault behavior in the actual geological body, including uplift, subsidence or strike-slip movement, and to deal with the baffle blocking phenomenon, that is, the sealing effect that may occur when the two sides of the fault move relative to each other. The geometric parameters of the basement fault are determined according to the displacement of the basement uplift, the position of the basement fault, and the dip angle of the basement fault in the seismic profile information; Among them, the basement fault is divided into thrust fault, extension fault and strike-slip fault according to the stress environment. The movement mode of the basement fault depends on the stress environment at different stages. The velocity in the movement parameter of the basement fault depends on the velocity of the intersection with the basement wall. The velocities of the two end points of the basement fault are consistent.

4. The method for simulating deformation of basement involved structural belt based on discrete element according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the stratum development around the basement fault in the target area, the superposition effect of the basement is evaluated, and the basement tectonic movement formed in multiple geological periods is set; According to the deposition and erosion phenomena in the target area during its evolution, particles are dynamically added and subtracted during the simulation process to reflect the changes in actual geological conditions; When deposition occurs, a new granular layer is added above the overlying sedimentary layer, and the thickness can be adjusted according to the actual deposition rate. When erosion occurs, the granular layer on the top of the model is removed to simulate the erosion and transportation process of the rock.

5. The method for simulating deformation of basement-involved tectonic belt based on discrete element according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain and analyze simulation results, including: Particle deformation, which is used to represent the deformation of the particles in the second discrete element model at different evolution stages; Velocity field and displacement field, used to represent the velocity field and displacement field distribution of the particles in the second discrete element model at different evolution stages; Fracture distribution, which is used to represent the fracture distribution in the second discrete element model at different evolution stages; Stress-strain distribution, used to represent the stress-strain distribution of the particles in the second discrete element model at different evolution stages; Basement contribution assessment is used to indicate the specific contribution of basement deformation to the deformation of the overlying sedimentary layer.

6. A device for simulating deformation of basement involved structural belt based on discrete element, characterized in that: include: The inversion module is used to extract stratigraphic information by observing the geology of the target area and analyzing the seismic data of the target area, and to invert the seismic analysis map to obtain the distribution map and displacement of the influence of the basement fault on the overlying sediments; The basement module is used to design the basement wall boundary conditions according to the basement activity distribution, basement fault properties, and angular positions. The basement wall is set as a rigid structure in the model to simulate the basement rock in the actual geological body. Its geometric shape is adaptively adjusted according to the actual geological conditions. The velocity boundaries are independently controlled at both ends of the basement wall. During initialization, one end is used as a fixed boundary and is set to zero velocity or a specific initial velocity, and the other end is used as a moving boundary and is assigned a velocity value different from that of the one end to form a velocity gradient. The formation module is used to determine the target microscopic parameters of the filling particles according to the geological parameters of the target area and to construct a discrete element model; A deformation module is used to obtain the simulation results of the tectonic belt based on the movement of each moving boundary under different model boundary movement parameters; The analysis module is used to analyze the evolution of deformation of the basement involved tectonic belt in the target area based on the simulation results; Wherein, constructing a discrete element model comprises: Filling the model at the boundary of the target area with particles of a specified size, and preliminarily establishing the first discrete element model; Calibrate and determine the microscopic parameters of the granular materials of each stratum simulated by the first discrete element model through biaxial compression test; The first discrete element model is fine-tuned in combination with the microscopic parameters of the granular material and the formation information of the target area to obtain an optimized second discrete element model, which is the final discrete element model.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; A memory storing operable instructions, wherein when the instructions are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are caused to perform operations, wherein the operations include the process of the discrete element-based base involvement tectonic belt deformation simulation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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