An omnidirectional array antenna

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an omnidirectional array antenna which comprises a first frequency band antenna unit, a second frequency band antenna unit and a third frequency band antenna unit distributed from top to bottom on the outer ring surface of a ring-shaped antenna support, and the first, second and third frequency band antenna units are arranged around the central axis of the ring-shaped antenna support; the distribution positions of the first and third frequency band antenna units are consistent in the horizontal projection direction of the ring-shaped antenna support; the distribution position of the second frequency band antenna unit is staggered with the distribution positions of the first and third frequency band antenna units in the horizontal projection direction of the ring-shaped antenna support; the polarization directions of the first and third frequency band antenna units are staggered in the horizontal projection direction of the ring-shaped antenna support; and the polarization direction of the second frequency band antenna unit is parallel to the horizontal projection direction. The application can solve the problems of traditional antennas in the aspects of multifunction integration, multi-frequency band compatibility and efficient data transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to an omnidirectional array antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology and the widespread application of intelligent devices, antenna systems, as core components of wireless communication, are facing increasing demands for multi-functional integration, multi-band compatibility, and efficient data transmission. Especially in complex application scenarios such as vehicle navigation, drone control, and remote monitoring, antenna systems not only need stable and efficient communication capabilities but also the ability to accurately receive satellite signals to achieve positioning functions.

[0003] However, traditional antenna systems often employ a separate design, with the communication antenna and GPS receiving antenna installed separately. This not only increases the system's complexity and cost but can also affect overall performance due to mutual interference between antennas. Furthermore, traditional antennas are insufficient in terms of multi-band compatibility and omnidirectional coverage, making it difficult to meet the diverse needs of modern communication systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to propose an omnidirectional array antenna to solve the problems of traditional antennas in terms of multi-functional integration, multi-band compatibility, and efficient data transmission.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An omnidirectional array antenna, including a loop antenna support;

[0007] A GPS receiving unit is installed above the ring antenna bracket, and the GPS receiving unit is used to receive satellite signals;

[0008] The ring antenna bracket has a central axis, and the outer ring surface of the ring antenna bracket is provided with a first frequency band antenna unit, a second frequency band antenna unit and a third frequency band antenna unit from top to bottom, and the first frequency band antenna unit, the second frequency band antenna unit and the third frequency band antenna unit are all arranged around the central axis;

[0009] The first frequency band antenna unit, the second frequency band antenna unit, and the third frequency band antenna unit are all electrically connected to the GPS receiving unit via wires. A support plate is installed below the ring antenna bracket, and one end of each wire extends out of the support plate.

[0010] The direction parallel to the central axis is defined as the horizontal projection direction;

[0011] The distribution positions of the first frequency band antenna unit and the distribution positions of the third frequency band antenna unit are consistent in the horizontal projection direction of the ring antenna support;

[0012] The distribution positions of the second frequency band antenna units are staggered with the distribution positions of the first frequency band antenna units and the third frequency band antenna units in the horizontal projection direction of the ring antenna support;

[0013] The polarization directions of the first frequency band antenna element and the third frequency band antenna element are staggered in the horizontal projection direction of the ring antenna support;

[0014] The polarization direction of the second frequency band antenna element is set parallel to the horizontal projection direction.

[0015] Preferably, the first frequency band antenna element includes two first vertically polarized radiating elements and two first horizontally polarized radiating elements;

[0016] Two first vertically polarized radiation units and two first horizontally polarized radiation units are arranged alternately;

[0017] The third frequency band antenna element includes two third vertical polarization radiation elements and two third horizontal polarization radiation elements;

[0018] The two third vertically polarized radiation units and the two third horizontally polarized radiation units are arranged alternately;

[0019] The direction perpendicular to the central axis is defined as the vertical projection direction;

[0020] The first vertically polarized radiation unit and the third horizontally polarized radiation unit are arranged vertically and vertically correspondingly in the vertical projection direction of the ring antenna support;

[0021] The first horizontally polarized radiation unit and the third vertically polarized radiation unit are arranged vertically and vertically correspondingly in the vertical projection direction of the ring antenna support.

[0022] Preferably, the radiation directions of the first vertically polarized radiation unit and the third vertically polarized radiation unit are both omnidirectional radiation, and the electric field directions of the first vertically polarized radiation unit (31) and the third vertically polarized radiation unit are arranged parallel to the central axis.

[0023] Preferably, the structure of the first vertically polarized radiation unit is the same as the structure of the third vertically polarized radiation unit;

[0024] The front radiation structure or the back radiation structure of the first vertical polarization radiation unit includes a first dielectric plate and four pairs of single-frequency radiation units. The single-frequency radiation units are connected to the first dielectric plate. A first balanced microstrip line is connected between the four pairs of single-frequency radiation units. A first feed point connection part is provided in the middle of the first balanced microstrip line.

[0025] The single-frequency radiation unit includes two radiation arms, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first balanced microstrip line.

[0026] The front radiation structure and the back radiation structure of the first vertically polarized radiation unit are symmetrically and oppositely arranged.

[0027] The front and back radiation structures of the third vertically polarized radiation unit are symmetrically and oppositely arranged.

[0028] Preferably, the first horizontally polarized radiation unit and the third horizontally polarized radiation unit have the same structure;

[0029] The first horizontally polarized radiation unit includes multiple horizontally polarized radiation modules and multiple power dividers;

[0030] The multiple horizontally polarized radiation modules are connected in parallel and spaced apart by the multiple power dividers, and the multiple horizontally polarized radiation modules are connected coaxially in the horizontal projection direction;

[0031] The horizontally polarized radiation module has a power feed terminal, the power divider board is provided with a power divider network, and the power feed terminal and the power divider network are connected.

[0032] The horizontally polarized radiation module has multiple sets of dipoles arranged in concentric circles in the horizontal direction on one surface. Each dipole is a symmetrical oscillator with a set of symmetrical radiation arms.

[0033] The two radial arms of the symmetrical oscillator are bent and spread out to both sides, the two radial arms of the symmetrical oscillator are located on the same circumference, and a balun arm is provided between the two radial arms of the symmetrical oscillator to make the electromagnetic wave electric fields of the two radial arms in the same direction.

[0034] A dielectric plate is provided on the other surface of the horizontally polarized radiation module, and the radiation arm of the symmetrical oscillator is arranged parallel to the horizontal plane of the dielectric plate.

[0035] The radiating arm is connected to a ground wire, which intersects the bottom of the balun arm at the center of the dielectric plate to form a ground.

[0036] The dielectric substrate is provided with the power supply terminal, and the power supply terminal is provided with a microstrip line with an open end. The bottom of the microstrip line intersects at the center of the circle on the front side of the dielectric substrate to form a combined feed point.

[0037] The combining feed point is connected to the power splitter network.

[0038] Preferably, the second frequency band antenna element includes four second vertically polarized radiating elements;

[0039] The second vertically polarized radiation unit has an omnidirectional radiation direction, and the electric field direction of the second vertically polarized radiation unit is set parallel to the central axis.

[0040] Preferably, the front radiation structure or the back radiation structure of the second vertical polarization radiation unit includes two pairs of dual-frequency radiation units on the second dielectric plate. The dual-frequency radiation units are connected to the second dielectric plate. A second balanced microstrip line is connected between the two pairs of dual-frequency radiation units. A second feed point connection portion is provided in the middle of the second balanced microstrip line.

[0041] The dual-frequency radiation unit includes two long radiation arms and two short radiation arms, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first balanced microstrip line.

[0042] The front radiation structure and the back radiation structure of the second vertically polarized radiation unit are symmetrically and oppositely arranged.

[0043] Preferably, the ring antenna support is formed by splicing together two symmetrically arranged support bodies;

[0044] The main body of the support includes multiple arc-shaped plates and multiple supporting ribs;

[0045] The multiple arc-shaped plates are installed in parallel and spaced apart by multiple supporting ribs, and the multiple supporting ribs are equally spaced;

[0046] Both the uppermost and lowermost arc-shaped plates are provided with connecting ribs. The GPS receiving unit is installed on the uppermost connecting rib, and the support plate is installed on the lowermost arc-shaped plate.

[0047] The two ends of the connecting rib are respectively provided with a buckle part and a slot part, and both the buckle part and the slot part are provided with a snap opening. The buckle part is used to buckle onto another slot part, and the slot part is used to be buckled by another buckle part. The snap opening of the buckle part and the snap opening of the slot part are used to allow R-type rivets to be inserted and fixed.

[0048] The supporting rib located in the middle protrudes and is provided with multiple connecting slots;

[0049] The two support ribs located on the outermost side protrude and are provided with multiple connecting half slots. The connecting half is provided with a connecting port. When the connecting half slot is spliced ​​with another connecting half slot, the connecting slot is formed.

[0050] The plurality of connection slots are used for the insertion of the first frequency band antenna unit and the third frequency band antenna unit, and the two support connection ports are used for the insertion and fixing of R-type rivets.

[0051] Preferably, a connecting plug is installed on the curved plate in the middle;

[0052] The connecting plug includes a connecting plug, a connecting part, and a plug-in part connected in sequence;

[0053] The connecting plug is detachably fixed to the middle arc plate by the R-shaped rivet. The connection direction of the connecting part is consistent with the vertical projection direction. The plug part has a plug slot for plugging in the second frequency band antenna unit.

[0054] Preferably, it also includes a base and an antenna cover;

[0055] The ring antenna bracket is mounted on the upper surface of the base via the support plate. The antenna cover is provided over the ring antenna bracket, the first frequency band antenna unit, the second frequency band antenna unit, and the third frequency band antenna unit. The interior of the antenna cover is in a vacuum environment.

[0056] One of the above technical solutions has the following beneficial effects:

[0057] 1. Reduce inter-band interference: By separating and staggering frequency bands, electromagnetic interference between the first, second and third antenna elements is effectively reduced, improving the overall performance of the antenna system.

[0058] 2. Optimized radiation characteristics: The consistent horizontal projection positions of the first-band antenna elements and the staggered polarization directions of the third-band antenna elements help to achieve more uniform omnidirectional radiation characteristics, thereby improving the coverage and communication quality of the antenna system.

[0059] 3. Compact structure: The design of the loop antenna bracket makes the antenna system compact, easy to install and maintain, and reduces space occupation and cost.

[0060] 4. High adaptability: It can support the first, second and third segments of communication at the same time, and is suitable for a variety of communication scenarios and needs, with strong adaptability and flexibility. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an omnidirectional array antenna covered with a vacuum cover according to the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vacuum cover for hiding an omnidirectional array antenna according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the omnidirectional array antenna hidden vacuum cover in the horizontal projection direction according to the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the omnidirectional array antenna hidden vacuum cover in the vertical projection direction according to the present invention;

[0065] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first horizontally polarized radiating element and the third horizontally polarized radiating element in an omnidirectional array antenna according to the present invention;

[0066] Figure 6 This is a front structural schematic diagram of the horizontal polarization radiation module of the first horizontal polarization radiation unit and the third horizontal polarization radiation unit in an omnidirectional array antenna of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the horizontal polarization radiation module of the first and third horizontal polarization radiation units in an omnidirectional array antenna of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the back-side feeding of the horizontal polarization radiation module of the first and third horizontal polarization radiation units in an omnidirectional array antenna of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 9 This is a front-facing feeding schematic diagram of the horizontal polarization radiation module of the first and third horizontal polarization radiation units in an omnidirectional array antenna of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the main power distribution board of the first horizontally polarized radiation unit and the third horizontally polarized radiation unit in an omnidirectional array antenna of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the main power distribution board of the first horizontally polarized radiation unit and the third horizontally polarized radiation unit in an omnidirectional array antenna of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the sub-power divider of the first horizontally polarized radiation unit and the third horizontally polarized radiation unit in an omnidirectional array antenna of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the sub-power divider of the first horizontally polarized radiation unit and the third horizontally polarized radiation unit in an omnidirectional array antenna of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 14 This is a front structural schematic diagram of the first vertically polarized radiating element and the third vertically polarized radiating element in an omnidirectional array antenna of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the first vertically polarized radiating element and the third vertically polarized radiating element in an omnidirectional array antenna of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 16This is a front structural schematic diagram of the second vertically polarized radiating element in an omnidirectional array antenna according to the present invention.

[0077] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the second vertically polarized radiating element in an omnidirectional array antenna according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0078] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0079] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0080] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0081] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0082] An omnidirectional array antenna includes a loop antenna support 1;

[0083] A GPS receiving unit 2 is installed above the ring antenna bracket 1, and the GPS receiving unit 2 is used to receive satellite signals;

[0084] The ring antenna support 1 has a central axis, and the outer ring surface of the ring antenna support 1 is provided with a first frequency band antenna unit 3, a second frequency band antenna unit 4 and a third frequency band antenna unit 5 from top to bottom, and the first frequency band antenna unit 3, the second frequency band antenna unit 4 and the third frequency band antenna unit 5 are all arranged around the central axis;

[0085] The first frequency band antenna unit 3, the second frequency band antenna unit 4, and the third frequency band antenna unit 5 are all electrically connected to the GPS receiving unit 2 via wires 9. A support plate 6 is installed below the ring antenna bracket 1, and one end of each wire 9 extends out of the support plate 6.

[0086] The direction parallel to the central axis is defined as the horizontal projection direction;

[0087] The distribution positions of the first frequency band antenna unit 3 and the distribution positions of the third frequency band antenna unit 5 are consistent in the horizontal projection direction of the ring antenna bracket 1;

[0088] The distribution positions of the second frequency band antenna unit 4 are staggered with the distribution positions of the first frequency band antenna unit 3 and the third frequency band antenna unit 5 in the horizontal projection direction of the ring antenna bracket 1;

[0089] The polarization directions of the first frequency band antenna unit 3 and the third frequency band antenna unit 5 are staggered in the horizontal projection direction of the ring antenna bracket 1;

[0090] The polarization direction of the second frequency band antenna element 4 is set parallel to the horizontal projection direction.

[0091] like Figure 2-4 As shown, the working principle of this omnidirectional array antenna is based on the careful layout of antenna elements of different frequency bands on the loop antenna support 1 and the optimization of its radiation characteristics. The following is a detailed explanation of its working principle:

[0092] First, the ring antenna bracket 1 serves as the supporting structure, with the first-band antenna unit 3, the second-band antenna unit 4, and the third-band antenna unit 5 arranged sequentially from top to bottom around its central axis. This vertically layered layout helps reduce direct interference between frequency bands while maintaining the compactness and structural stability of the antenna system. Meanwhile, the GPS receiver unit 2 is mounted above the ring antenna bracket 1 to receive satellite signals and perform analysis and calculations through internal signal processing circuitry to obtain accurate geographical location information for precise positioning. The first-band antenna unit 3, the second-band antenna unit 4, and the third-band antenna unit 5 are electrically connected to the GPS receiver unit 2 via wires 9, ensuring stable signal transmission and processing. The design of the support plate 6 provides a robust supporting structure while ensuring the orderly passage of the wires 9, facilitating overall installation and maintenance.

[0093] Specifically, regarding the layout in the horizontal projection direction, the first-band antenna element 3 and the third-band antenna element 5 are positioned identically in the horizontal projection direction, meaning that their projections on the horizontal plane will overlap or be close. This design helps to generate strong radiation intensity in a specific direction while maintaining the omnidirectionality of the antenna system.

[0094] Furthermore, the second-band antenna element 4 and the first-band antenna element 3 are staggered in the horizontal projection direction. This staggered layout can further reduce interference between frequency bands and optimize the radiation pattern of the entire antenna system.

[0095] Specifically, regarding the polarization direction setting, the polarization directions of the first-band antenna element 3 and the third-band antenna element 5 are staggered in the horizontal projection direction. This means that their radiated beams will not completely overlap on the horizontal plane, but will instead form an interlaced radiation pattern. This design helps to achieve more uniform omnidirectional radiation and reduce blind spots or weak areas in specific directions.

[0096] The polarization direction of the second-band antenna element 4 is set horizontally to the horizontal projection direction, which means that its radiation beam mainly propagates along the axial direction of the loop antenna support 1. This polarization design helps to enhance the axial coverage capability of the antenna system, while complementing the radiation of the first and third-band antenna elements 5, further optimizing the radiation characteristics of the entire system.

[0097] In a feasible embodiment, the frequency band of the first frequency band antenna unit 3 is 6425-7125MHz; the frequency band of the second frequency band antenna unit 4 is 2458MHz; and the frequency band of the third frequency band antenna unit 5 is 5925-6425MHz.

[0098] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0099] 1. Reduce inter-band interference: By separating and staggering frequency bands, electromagnetic interference between the first, second and third antenna elements is effectively reduced, improving the overall performance of the antenna system.

[0100] 2. Optimized radiation characteristics: The consistent position of the first-band antenna element 3 and the third-band antenna element 5 in the horizontal projection direction and the staggered polarization direction help to achieve more uniform omnidirectional radiation characteristics, thereby improving the coverage and communication quality of the antenna system.

[0101] 3. Compact structure: The design of the loop antenna bracket 1 makes the antenna system compact, easy to install and maintain, and reduces space occupation and cost.

[0102] 4. High adaptability: It can support the first, second and third segments of communication at the same time, and is suitable for a variety of communication scenarios and needs, with strong adaptability and flexibility.

[0103] In summary, this omnidirectional array antenna, through its ingenious layout design and optimized radiation characteristics, achieves reduced inter-band interference, optimized radiation characteristics, and improved structural compactness and adaptability, providing an efficient and reliable solution for modern communication systems.

[0104] To further explain, the first frequency band antenna element 3 includes two first vertically polarized radiation elements 31 and two first horizontally polarized radiation elements 32;

[0105] Two first vertically polarized radiation units 31 and two first horizontally polarized radiation units 32 are arranged alternately;

[0106] The third frequency band antenna element 5 includes two third vertically polarized radiation elements 51 and two third horizontally polarized radiation elements 52;

[0107] The two third vertically polarized radiation units 51 and the two third horizontally polarized radiation units 52 are arranged alternately;

[0108] The direction perpendicular to the central axis is defined as the vertical projection direction;

[0109] The first vertically polarized radiation unit 31 and the third horizontally polarized radiation unit 52 are arranged vertically and vertically correspondingly in the vertical projection direction of the ring antenna bracket 1.

[0110] The first horizontally polarized radiation unit 32 and the third vertically polarized radiation unit 51 are arranged vertically and vertically correspondingly in the vertical projection direction of the ring antenna support 1.

[0111] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first frequency band antenna element 3 includes two first vertically polarized radiation elements 31 and two first horizontally polarized radiation elements 32. Their staggered arrangement reduces mutual interference and optimizes the antenna's radiation performance in different directions. The first vertically polarized radiation elements 31 are primarily responsible for receiving and transmitting vertically polarized electromagnetic waves, while the horizontally polarized radiation elements are responsible for horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves.

[0112] The third-band antenna element 5 is similar to the first-band antenna element 3. It also includes two third vertically polarized radiating elements 51 and two third horizontally polarized radiating elements 52, arranged in an alternating pattern. This design helps achieve good radiation performance and polarization characteristics within the third band.

[0113] In the vertical projection direction of the loop antenna bracket 1, the first vertically polarized radiation unit 31 and the third horizontally polarized radiation unit 52 are arranged vertically in correspondence, and the first horizontally polarized radiation unit 32 and the third vertically polarized radiation unit 51 are also arranged vertically in correspondence. This layout helps to reduce interference between different frequency bands and polarization methods, and at the same time enables multi-band and multi-polarization signal transmission and reception within a limited space, thus improving space utilization.

[0114] To further explain, the radiation directions of the first vertically polarized radiation unit 31 and the third vertically polarized radiation unit 51 are both omnidirectional, and the electric field directions of the first vertically polarized radiation unit 31 and the third vertically polarized radiation unit 51 are arranged parallel to the central axis.

[0115] like Figure 2 As shown, both the first vertically polarized radiating element 31 and the third vertically polarized radiating element 51 have electric field directions parallel to the central axis, i.e., the electric field direction is vertical (up and down), and the magnetic field direction is horizontal. Furthermore, both the first vertically polarized radiating element 31 and the third vertically polarized radiating element 51 exhibit omnidirectional radiation. This design helps the antenna achieve higher gain in specific directions and reduces unnecessary backscattering and interference.

[0116] To further explain, such as Figure 14-15 As shown, the structure of the first vertically polarized radiation unit 31 is the same as that of the third vertically polarized radiation unit 51;

[0117] The front or back radiation structure of the first vertical polarization radiation unit 31 includes a first dielectric substrate 311 and four pairs of single-frequency radiation units. The single-frequency radiation units are connected to the first dielectric substrate 311. A first balanced microstrip line 312 is connected between the four pairs of single-frequency radiation units. A first feed point connection portion 313 is provided in the middle of the first balanced microstrip line 312.

[0118] The single-frequency radiation unit includes two radiation arms 314, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first balanced microstrip line 312.

[0119] The front radiation structure and the back radiation structure of the first vertically polarized radiation unit 31 are symmetrically and oppositely arranged.

[0120] The front radiation structure and the back radiation structure of the third vertical polarization radiation unit 51 are symmetrically arranged in opposite directions.

[0121] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first vertically polarized radiation unit 31 and the third vertically polarized radiation unit 51 have the same structure, but their distribution positions on the loop antenna support 1 are different. Therefore, this application will focus on the first vertically polarized radiation unit 31. Each first vertically polarized radiation unit 31 has two radiation structures on both sides, and the radiation structures on both sides are identical. However, the front and back radiation structures are symmetrically and oppositely arranged in the distribution direction of the first dielectric substrate 311. In short, as can be seen from the accompanying drawings, the opening directions of the two radiation arms 314 of the front radiation structure are opposite to the opening directions of the two radiation arms 314 of the back radiation structure. Based on this setting, the electric field direction of the first vertically polarized radiation unit 31 is guaranteed to be vertical to achieve omnidirectional radiation. Similarly, the third vertically polarized radiation unit 51 also follows this principle. This symmetrical and opposite radiation structure design helps to achieve wider directional coverage and less internal interference while maintaining the compactness of the antenna system.

[0122] Therefore, based on the first frequency band antenna element 3 and the third frequency band antenna element 5, this omnidirectional array antenna can achieve higher gain in a specific direction, thereby improving the efficiency of signal reception and transmission.

[0123] In a preferred embodiment, the radiation frequency range of the first frequency band antenna unit 3 is the 6G WIFI high frequency band range, and the radiation frequency range of the third frequency band antenna unit 5 is the 6G WIFI low frequency band range of 5925-6425MHz.

[0124] To further explain, the first horizontally polarized radiation unit 32 and the third horizontally polarized radiation unit 52 have the same structure;

[0125] The first horizontally polarized radiation unit 32 includes multiple horizontally polarized radiation modules 321 and multiple power dividers;

[0126] The multiple horizontally polarized radiation modules 321 are connected in parallel and spaced apart by the multiple power dividers, and the multiple horizontally polarized radiation modules 321 are connected coaxially in the horizontal projection direction;

[0127] The horizontally polarized radiation module 321 has a power feed terminal, and the power divider board is provided with a power divider network 322. The power feed terminal and the power divider network 322 are connected.

[0128] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 5-13As shown, the first horizontal polarization radiation unit 32 can be composed of one horizontal polarization radiation module 321, or two or more horizontal polarization radiation modules 321 can be arrayed together. By stacking and arraying multiple horizontal polarization radiation modules 321 at a certain interval in the vertical direction, the radiation pattern can be synthesized to form a high gain effect.

[0129] In this method, a power divider board with a power divider network 322 is used to power several horizontally polarized radiation modules 321. Specifically, the power divider board in the middle is connected to the signal input source line and is defined as the main power divider board 322A. The left and right sides of the middle power divider board are each connected to a horizontally polarized radiation module 321 through a feed cable 323. The signal is split into two by the middle power divider board and sent to the horizontally polarized radiation modules 321 on the left and right sides respectively. The horizontally polarized radiation modules 321 on both sides can be connected to another horizontally polarized radiation module 321 through their own power divider board, defined as the sub-power divider board 322B, through the feed cable 323, and so on.

[0130] The horizontally polarized radiation module 321 has a surface provided with multiple sets of dipoles arranged in concentric circles in the horizontal direction. The dipole is a symmetrical oscillator 325 with a set of symmetrical radiation arms 324.

[0131] The two radial arms 324 of the symmetrical oscillator 325 are bent and opened to both sides, the two radial arms 324 of the symmetrical oscillator 325 are located on the same circumference, and a balun arm 326 is provided between the two radial arms 324 of the symmetrical oscillator 325 to make the electromagnetic wave electric fields of the two radial arms 324 in the same direction.

[0132] In this embodiment, since the electromagnetic waves radiated by the oscillator are directional, in order to achieve ideal omnidirectional roundness of the radiation pattern and control the roundness index, this application arranges multiple sets of symmetrical oscillators 325 into a concentric circle in the horizontal direction. Each horizontally polarized radiation module 321 is rotated symmetrically on a circle to achieve the same phase and amplitude of the electric field. Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, this application sets three sets of symmetrical oscillators 325 to form a horizontally polarized radiation module 321. Each set of symmetrical oscillators 325 is arranged at 120° to each other to make the radiation pattern omnidirectionally round. The symmetrical oscillators 325 are provided with two sets of symmetrical radiation arms 324. The radiation arms 324 are open and curved to both sides. The radiation arms 324 of the three sets of symmetrical oscillators 325 are all located on the same circumference and designed with the arc of a circle according to the direction of the circle, so that the radiation arms 324 are in the same circle, which helps to reduce the volume of the dielectric plate 327.

[0133] In this embodiment, a balun arm 326 is designed on the middle end face of the two radiating arms 324 of each group of symmetrical dipoles 325, so that the electromagnetic wave electric fields of the two radiating arms 324 of each group of symmetrical dipoles 325 are in the same direction, and the choking effect is completed to reduce the influence of current on radiation, further realizing omnidirectionality, making the circuit impedances match each other, and having a small standing wave ratio. The balun arm 326 passes through 0.25 wavelengths and is connected at the bottom to form a ground.

[0134] A dielectric plate 327 is provided on the other surface of the horizontally polarized radiation module 321, and the radiation arm 324 of the symmetrical oscillator 325 is arranged parallel to the horizontal plane of the dielectric plate 327.

[0135] In this embodiment, a copper-clad PCB substrate 327 is used as the manufacturing process. The radiation arm 324 is set on the back side of the substrate 327. Since the electromagnetic wave electric field radiates along the radiation arm 324 of the symmetrical oscillator 325 and is parallel to the radiation arm 324, the radiation arm 324 needs to be placed parallel to the horizontal plane of the substrate 327.

[0136] The radiating arm 324 is connected to a ground wire 328, which intersects the bottom of the balun arm 326 at the center of the dielectric plate 327 to form a ground.

[0137] In this embodiment, the end corner of the radiating arm 324 is designed to be connected to a ground wire 328. The ground wire 328 and the bottom of the balun arm 326 intersect at the center a on the back of the dielectric plate 327 to form a ground.

[0138] The dielectric substrate 327 is provided with the power supply terminal, and the power supply terminal is provided with a microstrip line 329 with an open end. The bottom of the microstrip line 329 intersects the center of the front side of the dielectric substrate 327 to form a combined feed point 329.

[0139] The combining feed point 329 is connected to the power splitting network 322.

[0140] In this embodiment, the front side of the dielectric substrate 327 is the feed terminal, and the feed terminal is provided with an impedance-matched microstrip line 329 with an open end. In this application, three sets of microstrip lines 329 are designed, corresponding to three sets of balun arms 326 respectively. The microstrip lines 329 are designed to a certain length to meet the phase line length requirements of different frequencies. In addition, they can be designed to different thicknesses according to actual production needs to meet the circuit impedance matching of the horizontally polarized radiation module 321, forming good radiation and group wave ratio, and meeting the requirements of equipotential performance. The bottom of the microstrip lines 329 intersects the center b of the front side of the dielectric substrate 327 to form a combining feed point 329. The power divider network 322 can be welded to the combining feed point 329 through a feed cable to realize the feed point.

[0141] To further explain, the second frequency band antenna element 4 includes four second vertically polarized radiating elements 41;

[0142] The second vertically polarized radiation unit 41 has an omnidirectional radiation direction, and the electric field direction of the second vertically polarized radiation unit 41 is set parallel to the central axis.

[0143] like Figure 2-3 As shown, similar to the design of the two first vertically polarized radiating elements 31 and the two third vertically polarized radiating elements 51, the distribution positions of the four second vertically polarized radiating elements 41 are staggered with the distribution positions of the two first vertically polarized radiating elements 31 and the two third vertically polarized radiating elements 51 in the horizontal projection direction of the loop antenna support 1. This layout aims to fill the radiation gaps that may exist between antenna elements of different frequency bands, while reducing unnecessary back radiation and interference, thereby further improving the overall performance of this omnidirectional array antenna.

[0144] To further explain, such as Figure 16-17 As shown, the front and back radiation structures of the second vertical polarization radiation unit 41 both include a second dielectric plate 411 and two pairs of dual-frequency radiation units. The dual-frequency radiation units are connected to the second dielectric plate 411, and a second balanced microstrip line 412 is connected between the two pairs of dual-frequency radiation units. A second feed point connection portion 413 is provided in the middle of the second balanced microstrip line 412.

[0145] The dual-frequency radiation unit includes two long radiation arms 414 and two short radiation arms 415, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first balanced microstrip line 412.

[0146] The front radiation structure and the back radiation structure of the second vertical polarization radiation unit 41 are symmetrically and oppositely arranged.

[0147] In a preferred embodiment, the frequency band of the second frequency band antenna element 4 is the 6G WIFI range: 2400-2500MHz or 5150-5850MHz.

[0148] To further explain, the ring antenna support 1 is formed by splicing together two symmetrically arranged support bodies 11;

[0149] The main body 11 of the support includes multiple arc plates 111 and multiple supporting ribs 112;

[0150] The multiple arc-shaped plates 111 are installed in parallel and at intervals by multiple supporting ribs 112, and the multiple supporting ribs 112 are equally spaced;

[0151] Both the uppermost and lowermost arc-shaped plates 111 are provided with connecting ribs 113. The GPS receiving unit 2 is installed on the uppermost connecting rib 113, and the support plate 6 is installed on the lowermost arc-shaped plate 111.

[0152] The two ends of the connecting rib 113 are respectively provided with a snap-fit ​​part 114 and a slot part 115, and both the snap-fit ​​part 114 and the slot part 115 are provided with a latch. The snap-fit ​​part 114 is used to snap onto the other slot part 115, and the slot part 115 is used to be snapped onto the other snap-fit ​​part 114. The latch of the snap-fit ​​part 114 and the latch of the slot part 115 are used to allow the R-type rivet 116 to pass through and be fixed.

[0153] The supporting rib 112 located in the middle protrudes and is provided with multiple connecting slots 117;

[0154] The two support ribs 112 located on the outermost side protrude and are provided with a plurality of connecting half slots 118. The connecting half is provided with a connecting port. When the connecting half slot 118 is spliced ​​with another connecting half slot 118, it forms the connecting slot 117.

[0155] The plurality of connection slots 117 are used for the insertion of the first frequency band antenna unit 3 and the third frequency band antenna unit 5, and the two support connection ports are used for the insertion and fixing of R-type rivets 116.

[0156] like Figure 2 As shown, the ring antenna bracket 1 is firstly composed of two symmetrically arranged bracket bodies 11 spliced ​​together, which facilitates disassembly and installation. Specifically, the bracket body 11 is enhanced by multiple support ribs 112 at equal intervals and connecting ribs 113 on the upper and lower arc plates 111, which enhances the mechanical strength of the entire antenna bracket and enables it to withstand various environmental conditions, such as wind and temperature changes.

[0157] Secondly, the two ends of the connecting rib 113 are respectively provided with a snap-fit ​​part 114 and a slot part 115. The snap-fit ​​parts 114 and slot parts 115 are interlocked and fixed with R-shaped rivets 116 to ensure a firm connection between the main body 11 of the bracket. At the same time, the GPS receiving unit 2 is installed on the uppermost connecting rib 113 after splicing, for receiving satellite signals. The support plate 6 is installed on the lowermost arc-shaped plate 111 after splicing, for supporting the entire antenna structure.

[0158] Finally, the connecting half-slots 118 on the two outermost support ribs 112 can be spliced ​​to form a complete connecting slot 117, which is also fixed using R-type rivets 116, enhancing the connection stability between the antenna unit and the bracket. The middle layer support ribs 112 also have multiple connecting slots 117, which are used to insert the first-band antenna unit 3 and the third-band antenna unit 5. This plug-in method not only allows the antenna units to be quickly connected to the antenna bracket without complicated installation steps, greatly improving installation efficiency, but also allows for flexible arrangement of the antenna units on the bracket to achieve the desired antenna array configuration.

[0159] In summary, by optimizing the structural design of the loop antenna support 1, the antenna elements of different frequency bands can be more evenly distributed on the loop antenna support, thereby improving the omnidirectional radiation performance and gain of the antenna.

[0160] To further explain, a connecting plug 119 is installed on the curved plate 111 located in the middle;

[0161] The connector 119 includes a connector 1191, a connector 1192, and a plug-in portion 1193 connected in sequence.

[0162] The connecting plug 1191 is detachably fixed to the middle arc plate 111 by the R-shaped rivet 116. The connection direction of the connecting part 1192 is consistent with the vertical projection direction. The plug-in part 1193 has a plug-in slot 1194, which is used for the second frequency band antenna unit 4 to be plugged in.

[0163] like Figure 2 As shown, the connector 119 is firstly composed of a connector 1191, a connector 1192, and a plug-in 1193 connected in sequence. The connector 1191 is detachably fixed to the central arc plate 111 by an R-shaped rivet 116, which allows the connector 119 to be securely installed on the antenna bracket while maintaining a certain degree of detachability for easy subsequent maintenance and replacement.

[0164] Secondly, the connection direction of the connecting part 1192 is consistent with the vertical projection direction. This means that when the antenna unit is plugged into the plug-in part 1193, the connecting part 1192 plays a guiding and supporting role, ensuring that after the second band antenna unit 4 is plugged in, the electric field direction of the second band antenna unit 4 is set perpendicular to the horizontal projection direction.

[0165] Finally, the insertion part 1193 has an insertion slot 1194, which is specifically used for the insertion of the second band antenna unit 4, while maintaining a stable connection.

[0166] Further explanation also includes the base 7 and the antenna cover 8;

[0167] The ring antenna bracket 1 is mounted on the upper surface of the base 7 via the support plate 6. The antenna cover 8 covers the ring antenna bracket 1, the first frequency band antenna unit 3, the second frequency band antenna unit 4, and the third frequency band antenna unit 5. The interior of the antenna cover 8 is in a vacuum environment.

[0168] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the radome 8 covers the ring antenna support 1 and all the antenna elements on it, and its interior is in a vacuum environment. The vacuum environment helps reduce external interference experienced by the antenna during operation, such as air molecule scattering and electromagnetic noise, thereby improving the antenna's receiving and transmitting efficiency. Furthermore, the radome 8 also protects the antenna elements from physical damage.

[0169] The technical principles of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are merely for explaining the principles of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention in any way. Based on this explanation, those skilled in the art can readily conceive of other specific embodiments of the invention without inventive effort, and these equivalent variations or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An omnidirectional array antenna, characterized in that, Including the ring antenna support (1); A GPS receiving unit (2) is installed above the ring antenna bracket (1), and the GPS receiving unit (2) is used to receive satellite signals; The ring antenna support (1) has a central axis. The outer ring surface of the ring antenna support (1) is distributed from top to bottom with a first frequency band antenna unit (3), a second frequency band antenna unit (4) and a third frequency band antenna unit (5), and the first frequency band antenna unit (3), the second frequency band antenna unit (4) and the third frequency band antenna unit (5) are all arranged around the central axis. The first frequency band antenna unit (3), the second frequency band antenna unit (4) and the third frequency band antenna unit (5) are all electrically connected to the GPS receiving unit (2) through wires (9). A support plate (6) is installed below the ring antenna bracket (1), and one end of each wire (9) passes through the support plate (6). The direction parallel to the central axis is defined as the horizontal projection direction; The distribution positions of the first frequency band antenna unit (3) and the distribution positions of the third frequency band antenna unit (5) are consistent in the horizontal projection direction of the ring antenna support (1); The distribution positions of the second frequency band antenna unit (4) are staggered with the distribution positions of the first frequency band antenna unit (3) and the third frequency band antenna unit (5) in the horizontal projection direction of the ring antenna support (1); The polarization direction of the first frequency band antenna unit (3) and the polarization direction of the third frequency band antenna unit (5) are staggered in the horizontal projection direction of the ring antenna support (1); The polarization direction of the second frequency band antenna unit (4) is set parallel to the horizontal projection direction; The first frequency band antenna element (3) includes two first vertical polarization radiation elements (31) and two first horizontal polarization radiation elements (32). Two first vertically polarized radiation units (31) and two first horizontally polarized radiation units (32) are arranged alternately; The third frequency band antenna element (5) includes two third vertical polarization radiation elements (51) and two third horizontal polarization radiation elements (52). The two third vertically polarized radiation units (51) and the two third horizontally polarized radiation units (52) are arranged alternately; The direction perpendicular to the central axis is defined as the vertical projection direction; The first vertically polarized radiation unit (31) and the third horizontally polarized radiation unit (52) are arranged vertically and vertically correspondingly in the vertical projection direction of the ring antenna support (1); The first horizontally polarized radiation unit (32) and the third vertically polarized radiation unit (51) are arranged vertically and vertically correspondingly in the vertical projection direction of the ring antenna support (1); The first vertically polarized radiation unit (31) and the third vertically polarized radiation unit (51) both radiate in an omnidirectional direction, and the electric field directions of the first vertically polarized radiation unit (31) and the third vertically polarized radiation unit (51) are set parallel to the central axis. The second frequency band antenna element (4) includes four second vertical polarization radiating elements (41); The radiation direction of the second vertically polarized radiation unit (41) is omnidirectional radiation, and the electric field direction of the second vertically polarized radiation unit (41) is set parallel to the central axis. The first frequency band antenna unit (3) has a frequency band of 6425-7125MHz; the second frequency band antenna unit (4) has a frequency band of 2458MHz; and the third frequency band antenna unit (5) has a frequency band of 5925-6425MHz.

2. An omnidirectional array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structure of the first vertically polarized radiation unit (31) is the same as that of the third vertically polarized radiation unit (51); The front or back radiation structure of the first vertical polarization radiation unit (31) includes a first dielectric plate (311) and four pairs of single-frequency radiation units. The single-frequency radiation units are connected to the first dielectric plate (311). A first balanced microstrip line (312) is connected between the four pairs of single-frequency radiation units. A first feed point connection portion (313) is provided in the middle of the first balanced microstrip line (312). The single-frequency radiation unit includes two radiation arms (314), which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first balanced microstrip line (312). The front radiation structure and the back radiation structure of the first vertical polarization radiation unit (31) are symmetrically and oppositely arranged. The front radiation structure and the back radiation structure of the third vertical polarization radiation unit (51) are symmetrically and oppositely arranged.

3. An omnidirectional array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first horizontally polarized radiation unit (32) and the third horizontally polarized radiation unit (52) have the same structure; The first horizontally polarized radiation unit (32) includes multiple horizontally polarized radiation modules (321) and multiple power dividers; The multiple horizontally polarized radiation modules (321) are connected in parallel and spaced apart by the multiple power dividers, and the multiple horizontally polarized radiation modules (321) are connected coaxially in the horizontal projection direction; The horizontally polarized radiation module (321) has a power supply terminal, and the power divider board is provided with a power divider network (322). The power supply terminal and the power divider network (322) are connected. The horizontally polarized radiation module (321) has a surface composed of multiple sets of dipoles arranged in concentric circles in the horizontal direction. The dipole is a symmetrical oscillator (325) with a set of symmetrical radiation arms (324). The two radial arms (324) of the symmetrical oscillator (325) are bent and opened to both sides, the two radial arms (324) of the symmetrical oscillator (325) are located on the same circumference, and a Balun arm (326) is opened between the two radial arms (324) of the symmetrical oscillator (325) to make the electromagnetic wave electric field of the two radial arms (324) in the same direction. The other surface of the horizontally polarized radiation module (321) is provided with a dielectric plate (327), and the radiation arm (324) of the symmetrical oscillator (325) is arranged parallel to the horizontal plane of the dielectric plate (327). The radiating arm (324) is connected to a ground wire (328), and the ground wire (328) intersects the bottom of the balun arm (326) at the center of the dielectric plate (327) to form a ground. The dielectric substrate (327) is provided with the power supply terminal, and the power supply terminal is provided with a microstrip line (329) with an open end. The bottom of the microstrip line (329) intersects the center of the front side of the dielectric substrate (327) to form a combined feed point. The combined feed point is connected to the power splitting network (322).

4. An omnidirectional array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front radiation structure or the back radiation structure of the second vertical polarization radiation unit (41) includes a second dielectric plate (411) and two pairs of dual-frequency radiation units. The dual-frequency radiation units are connected to the second dielectric plate (411). A second balanced microstrip line (412) is connected between the two pairs of dual-frequency radiation units. A second feed point connection part (413) is provided in the middle of the second balanced microstrip line (412). The dual-frequency radiation unit includes two long radiation arms (414) and two short radiation arms (415), which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second balanced microstrip line (412). The front radiation structure and the back radiation structure of the second vertical polarization radiation unit (41) are symmetrically and oppositely arranged.

5. An omnidirectional array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring antenna support (1) is formed by splicing together two symmetrically arranged support bodies (11); The main body of the support (11) includes multiple arc-shaped plates (111) and multiple supporting ribs (112). The multiple arc-shaped plates (111) are installed in parallel and at intervals by multiple supporting ribs (112), and the multiple supporting ribs (112) are equally spaced; Both the uppermost arc plate (111) and the lowermost arc plate (111) are provided with connecting ribs (113). The uppermost connecting rib (113) is used to install the GPS receiving unit (2), and the lowermost arc plate (111) is used to install the support plate (6). The two ends of the connecting rib (113) are respectively provided with a snap-fit ​​part (114) and a slot part (115), and both the snap-fit ​​part (114) and the slot part (115) are provided with a snap opening. The snap-fit ​​part (114) is used to snap onto another slot part (115), and the slot part (115) is used to be snapped onto another snap-fit ​​part (114). The snap opening of the snap-fit ​​part (114) and the snap opening of the slot part (115) are used to allow R-type rivets (116) to pass through and be fixed. The supporting rib (112) located in the middle protrudes and is provided with multiple connecting slots (117). The two support ribs (112) located on the outermost side protrude and are provided with multiple connecting half slots (118). The connecting half slots (118) are provided with connecting ports. When the connecting half slots (118) are spliced ​​with another connecting half slot (118), they form the connecting slot (117). The plurality of connection slots (117) are used for the insertion of the first frequency band antenna unit (3) and the third frequency band antenna unit (5), and the two connection ports are used for the insertion and fixing of R-type rivets (116).

6. An omnidirectional array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, A connecting plug (119) is installed on the arc-shaped plate (111) in the middle. The connecting plug (119) includes a connecting sub-plug (1191), a connecting part (1192), and a plug-in part (1193) connected in sequence. The connector (1191) is detachably fixed to the arc plate (111) in the middle by means of R-shaped rivets (116). The connection direction of the connector (1192) is consistent with the vertical projection direction. The plug-in part (1193) is provided with a plug-in slot (1194). The plug-in slot (1194) is used for the second frequency band antenna unit (4) to be plugged in.

7. An omnidirectional array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a base (7) and an antenna cover (8); The ring antenna bracket (1) is mounted on the upper surface of the base (7) via the support plate (6). The antenna cover (8) covers the ring antenna bracket (1), the first frequency band antenna unit (3), the second frequency band antenna unit (4) and the third frequency band antenna unit (5). The inside of the antenna cover (8) is in a vacuum environment.

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