Railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system, and belongs to the technical field of railway locomotives, the railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system comprises a charger, the charger is electrically connected with a lithium battery pack, the lithium battery pack is electrically connected with a battery monitoring system, the battery monitoring system is electrically connected with a control system, and the lithium battery pack is electrically connected with a contactor circuit assembly through an inverter. The contactor circuit assembly is electrically connected with an air conditioner load assembly, the control system controls the contactor circuit assembly, the electricity utilization problem of a locomotive under the unpowered condition can be effectively solved, an air conditioner system, a warm air system, a traction motor cooling fan, a traction motor and the like can be controlled to be turned on and turned off, delayed shutdown is conducted, and the locomotive can be effectively protected. Waste heat of power components can be effectively dissipated, safety risks are reduced, and the service life of the motor is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of railway locomotives, and in particular relates to an emergency auxiliary power supply system for railway locomotives. Background Art

[0002] In the current use of railway locomotives, there are many situations of unpowered (no pantograph) operation. For example, when the locomotive is put into storage, the locomotive's pantograph power connection is usually disconnected to save energy and reduce costs; during unpowered transportation, the locomotive needs to be disconnected from the traction network power supply system for transportation; during skylight operations, in order to ensure the safety of railway line maintenance or inspection, the pantograph power supply is usually disconnected. In addition, under some extreme weather conditions, temporary power outages may also cause the locomotive to run without a pantograph. These scenarios result in a lack of continuous power support for the locomotive, which seriously affects the normal operation of the on-board equipment.

[0003] In the above-mentioned unpowered operation scenario, the locomotive's cooling and heating equipment cannot work properly, which directly affects the comfort and equipment maintenance inside the locomotive. At the same time, after the pantograph is lowered, the traction motor cooling fan stops running due to the loss of power, resulting in the inability to dissipate the residual heat of the traction motor and other heat-generating components in time. This not only increases the thermal load of the components, but may also cause problems such as accelerated aging of motor insulation and decreased performance of electrical equipment, thereby shortening the equipment life, reducing the efficiency of locomotive operation, and even posing a potential threat to the safety of locomotive operation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an emergency auxiliary power supply system for a railway locomotive to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

[0005] Provided is a railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system, comprising a charger, the charger being electrically connected to a lithium battery pack, the lithium battery pack being electrically connected to a battery monitoring system, and the battery monitoring system being electrically connected to a control system;

[0006] The lithium battery pack is electrically connected to a contactor circuit assembly through an inverter, the contactor circuit assembly is electrically connected to an air-conditioning load assembly, and the control system controls the contactor circuit assembly.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the charger is also electrically connected to the locomotive power supply and the locomotive battery box. The charger, as a DC / DC power supply, can convert the voltage of the DC power supply of the lithium battery pack. The entire auxiliary power supply system can not only output power to the outside, but also charge the existing battery box of the locomotive. When the locomotive main power supply system cannot supply power due to a fault or other reasons, the lithium battery pack supplies power to the locomotive battery box through the charger to ensure the backup power supply function of the locomotive in an unpowered state. When the lithium battery pack charges the lead-acid battery through the charger, it can achieve efficient management and distribution of energy, avoid energy waste, and optimize the use of electric energy under different working conditions of the locomotive. Based on the application of the new lithium battery pack, the connection between the charger and the lead-acid battery box is used to retain and be compatible with the traditional locomotive power supply system.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the lithium battery pack is also electrically connected to a discharger, and the control system controls the discharger to discharge the lithium battery pack. When the lithium battery pack is in a fully charged state for a long time, the activity will decrease due to the slowdown of the internal chemical reaction or the accumulation of side reactions, resulting in capacity decay problems. By controlling the discharge of the lithium battery pack by the discharger, the active substances inside the battery can be stimulated and the chemical balance of the battery can be optimized. Preventing the capacity loss of the lithium battery pack due to the long-term full charge state and ensuring that the lithium battery pack has sufficient power supply capacity at critical moments (such as when the main power supply of the locomotive fails) helps to reduce operation and maintenance costs and improve the reliability and stability of the power supply system. It is an important mechanism to ensure the long-term operation of lithium batteries.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the control system is also electrically connected to a fire extinguishing system, and the fire extinguishing system is connected in parallel to a lithium battery pack. The fire extinguishing system can quickly respond to potential fire risks of the lithium battery pack. When the control system triggers the fire extinguishing system, it can also send out an alarm signal to remind the locomotive staff to take further measures in time. Protect the lives of locomotive drivers, passengers and ground staff. The lithium battery pack is connected in parallel to the fire extinguishing system. In the event of an emergency, the fire extinguishing system can quickly control the danger through chemical inhibitors (such as inert gas, fire extinguishing foam, etc.) or physical cooling means (such as spraying coolant).

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: it also includes a display screen, which is electrically connected to the control system. The control system processes the collected operating parameters (such as voltage, current, temperature, fault status, etc.) of components such as lithium battery packs, dischargers, chargers, and fire extinguishing systems, and transmits them to the display screen for real-time display. The display screen can be used as an interactive interface of the control system, and the staff can view operating instructions or prompts through the screen, such as starting the discharger, activating the fire extinguishing system, and adjusting the charging and discharging parameters of the lithium battery.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: it also includes a box body, which is arranged outside the charger. The box body can prevent external physical impact, falling objects or vibration from causing damage to the equipment. The box body is made of stainless steel to ensure hardness and mechanical strength. The surface is sprayed with flame-retardant paint, which is not easy to burn, and can effectively delay the time after the battery pack catches fire, providing sufficient time for rescue.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the battery monitoring and management system includes a thermal management unit and a battery management system to ensure that the lithium battery pack always operates in the optimal temperature range, effectively avoiding damage to battery performance and life due to extreme temperatures. The specific process is as follows: judging whether the battery exceeds the ideal operating range (such as 15°C-45°C) based on temperature information. If the temperature exceeds the range, further analyze the cause of the abnormal temperature, such as external environment, overcharging, overdischarging, or internal battery thermal runaway.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the fire extinguishing system includes a smoke alarm and a temperature sensor, which are used to detect the temperature and fire status of the lithium battery pack. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature change of the lithium battery pack in real time, and determines whether there is overheating or abnormal temperature rise by comparing with the preset safety temperature threshold. When the temperature of the lithium battery pack approaches or exceeds the safety threshold, the sensor sends an alarm signal to the control system, triggering cooling or other protective measures;

[0014] Smoke alarms detect tiny smoke particles in the air to determine whether there are signs of burning or fire. They are highly sensitive and can detect initial smoke before flames form. Fires are quickly discovered in the early stages of lithium battery pack combustion (such as when smoke appears but no open flames are seen), and alarms are issued in a timely manner. The fire extinguishing system is triggered. According to the control system logic, the smoke alarm can directly activate the fire extinguishing device (such as spraying fire extinguishing agent) to prevent the fire from spreading further.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system provided by the present invention is installed in the locomotive machinery room and connected in parallel between the locomotive traction converter and the power-consuming equipment. When the locomotive is without power, the charger provides power to the lithium battery pack, which can effectively solve the power consumption problem of the locomotive when it is without power;

[0017] 2. The lithium battery pack monitors the temperature, voltage and other information of the lithium battery pack through the battery monitoring management system and transmits it to the control system. The control system is used to control the opening and closing of each contactor in the contactor circuit, and then controls the opening and closing of each air-conditioning system, heating system, traction motor cooling fan, traction motor, etc. connected in the contactor circuit, and performs delayed shutdown, which can effectively dissipate the waste heat of the power components, reduce safety risks, and increase the life of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present drawings or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present drawings. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an emergency auxiliary power supply system for a railway locomotive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Based on the embodiments provided in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without creative work. In addition, it can also be understood that although the efforts made in this development process may be complicated and lengthy, for ordinary technicians in this field related to the content disclosed in this application, some changes in design, manufacturing or production based on the technical content disclosed in this application are just conventional technical means, and should not be understood as insufficient content disclosed in this application.

[0022] However, unnecessary detailed descriptions may be omitted. For example, detailed descriptions of well-known matters and repeated descriptions of substantially the same structures may be omitted. This is to avoid the following description from becoming unnecessarily lengthy and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. In addition, the drawings and the following description are provided to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the present application and are not intended to limit the subject matter described in the claims.

[0023] See also Figure 1 As shown, a railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system in an embodiment of the present invention includes a charger, the charger is electrically connected to a lithium battery pack, the lithium battery pack is electrically connected to a battery monitoring system, the battery monitoring system is electrically connected to a control system: the lithium battery pack is electrically connected to an inverter, the inverter is electrically connected to a contactor circuit assembly, the contactor circuit assembly is electrically connected to an air conditioning load assembly, and the contactor circuit assembly is electrically connected to the control system; the lithium battery pack is charged by the charger, and when the locomotive is in an unpowered state (such as shutdown or failure), the lithium battery pack serves as a backup power source, converts direct current into alternating current through an inverter, supplies power to the contactor circuit assembly, and further provides energy for electrical equipment such as an air conditioning system and a heating system, thereby ensuring that the locomotive can still maintain basic power supply requirements when it is unpowered, especially the operation of key equipment such as air conditioning and heating, and improving the comfort and safety of passengers and staff;

[0024] The battery monitoring system monitors the voltage, temperature and other parameters of the lithium battery pack in real time and transmits these data to the control system. The control system determines the battery status based on the data and dynamically adjusts the load by controlling the contactor. This ensures that the lithium battery pack operates within a safe range and avoids safety hazards caused by overheating, overcharging, etc. This prolongs the service life of the lithium battery.

[0025] The control system monitors the status of each electrical device and intelligently controls the opening and closing of each contactor in the contactor circuit to achieve switch management of connected loads (air conditioning, heating, traction motor cooling fan, etc.). After the locomotive stops running, it selectively keeps certain loads running as needed, provides necessary heat dissipation and delayed shutdown functions, and protects power components from residual heat damage. It effectively reduces unnecessary power consumption and improves energy utilization efficiency. It increases the service life of equipment such as traction motors and cooling fans and reduces maintenance costs. According to the residual heat of the power components, the control system controls the cooling fan and other equipment to continue working for a period of time until the temperature drops to a safe range before stopping. Preventing thermal damage caused by the power components stopping running under high temperature can improve the overall reliability and service life of the system. The system realizes intelligent power supply management through closely coordinated chargers, lithium battery packs, monitoring systems, control systems and load devices. It solves the problem of insufficient power supply of traditional railway locomotives in the unpowered state. It improves the energy efficiency and safety performance of the locomotive. The railway locomotive intelligent APU system provides reliable power for the locomotive in the absence of power through the organic combination of chargers, lithium battery packs, inverters and contactor circuits, intelligently manages load operation and shutdown processes, and significantly improves the safety and service life of the locomotive operation.

[0026] In one embodiment, see Figure 1As shown, the charger is also electrically connected to the locomotive power supply and the locomotive battery box. As a DC / DC power supply, the charger can convert the DC power supply of the lithium battery pack into a voltage conversion. The entire auxiliary power supply system can not only output power to the outside, but also charge the existing battery box of the locomotive. Because the existing locomotives are relatively modified, they all take power from the battery, causing the battery to be undervoltage, affecting the safety of locomotive operation, and adjust it to a voltage range suitable for the locomotive battery box (lead-acid battery box) to charge. When the locomotive main power system cannot supply power due to a fault or other reasons, the lithium battery pack supplies power to the locomotive battery box through the charger to ensure the backup power supply function of the locomotive in the unpowered state. When the lithium battery pack charges the lead-acid battery through the charger, it can achieve efficient management and distribution of energy, avoid energy waste, and optimize the use of electric energy under different working conditions of the locomotive. Based on the application of the new lithium battery pack, the connection between the charger and the lead-acid battery box is used to retain and be compatible with the traditional locomotive power system.

[0027] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 As shown, the lithium battery pack is also electrically connected to a discharger. The control system controls the discharger to discharge the lithium battery pack. When the lithium battery pack is in a fully charged state for a long time, the activity will decrease due to the slowdown of the internal chemical reaction or the accumulation of side reactions, resulting in capacity decay. By controlling the discharge of the lithium battery pack through the discharger, the active substances inside the battery can be stimulated and the chemical balance of the battery can be optimized. Preventing the capacity loss of the lithium battery pack due to the long-term full charge state and ensuring that the lithium battery pack has sufficient power supply capacity at critical moments (such as when the main power supply of the locomotive fails) helps to reduce operation and maintenance costs and improve the reliability and stability of the power supply system. It is an important mechanism to ensure the long-term operation of lithium batteries.

[0028] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 As shown, the control system is also electrically connected to a fire extinguishing system, and the fire extinguishing system is connected in parallel with a lithium battery pack. During operation, the lithium battery may cause thermal runaway due to overheating, short circuit, overcharging or external damage, thereby causing a fire. The fire extinguishing system is connected in parallel with the lithium battery pack to monitor its operating status in real time. Once an abnormal situation (such as overheating or smoking) is detected, the control system can quickly start the fire extinguishing system to effectively reduce the risk of fire damage to the lithium battery pack and surrounding equipment. The fire extinguishing system can quickly respond to the potential fire risk of the lithium battery pack. While triggering the fire extinguishing system, the control system can also issue an alarm signal to remind the locomotive staff to take further measures in time. Protect the lives of locomotive drivers, passengers and ground staff. The lithium battery pack is connected in parallel to the fire extinguishing system. In an emergency, the fire extinguishing system can quickly control the danger through chemical inhibitors (such as inert gas, fire extinguishing foam, etc.) or physical cooling means (such as spraying coolant).

[0029] In one embodiment, see Figure 1As shown, it also includes a display screen, which is electrically connected to the control system. The control system processes the collected operating parameters (such as voltage, current, temperature, fault status, etc.) of components such as lithium battery packs, dischargers, chargers, and fire extinguishing systems, and transmits them to the display screen for real-time display. The display screen can be used as an interactive interface for the control system, and the staff can view operating instructions or prompts on the screen, such as starting the discharger, activating the fire extinguishing system, and adjusting the charging and discharging parameters of the lithium battery.

[0030] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a box, which is arranged outside the charger. The box serves as the outer shell of the charger and the lithium battery pack, and can effectively isolate the direct impact of the external environment on the internal core equipment. To prevent external physical impact, falling objects or vibration from damaging the equipment, the box is made of stainless steel to ensure hardness and mechanical strength, and the surface is sprayed with flame-retardant paint, which is not easy to burn, effectively delaying the time after the battery pack catches fire, providing sufficient time for rescue.

[0031] In one embodiment, the battery monitoring and management system includes a thermal management unit and a battery management system. The battery management system (BMS) collects the key parameters of each single lithium battery in real time through sensors, including temperature, voltage, current, internal resistance, etc., to form a complete data set of the battery operating status, realize real-time monitoring of the operating status of the lithium battery pack, and ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the data. The thermal management unit analyzes the temperature information provided by the BMS to decide whether to start the cooling, heating or self-circulation mode to keep the temperature of the lithium battery pack within the ideal range (usually 15°C-45°C). Through the dynamic adjustment of the thermal management unit, it ensures that the lithium battery pack always operates in the optimal temperature range, effectively avoiding damage to battery performance and life due to extreme temperatures. The specific process is as follows: determine whether the battery exceeds the ideal operating range (such as 15°C-45°C) based on the temperature information. If the temperature exceeds the range, further analyze the cause of the abnormal temperature, such as external environment, overcharging, over-discharging or internal battery thermal runaway.

[0032] Determine whether the battery exceeds the ideal operating range (such as 15℃-45℃) based on the temperature information. If the temperature is out of range, further analyze the cause of the abnormal temperature, such as external environment, overcharging, over-discharging or internal battery thermal runaway. Health state assessment (SOH): Use voltage, current, internal resistance and other information to determine the health state (SOH) of the battery and predict the battery's service life and possible failures. Safety state assessment (SOS): Analyze real-time data, detect possible dangerous conditions (such as short circuit, overheating, overvoltage or low voltage), and trigger corresponding safety protection measures. Based on the data analysis results, the BMS sends instructions to the thermal management module to decide whether to start real-time replenishment, heating or self-circulation mode. If a serious abnormality is detected, the BMS will trigger an alarm or take protective measures (such as disconnecting the battery pack, limiting charging and discharging, etc.) to turn on the alarm;

[0033] When the battery temperature exceeds 45°C (the upper limit of the ideal range), the cooling mode is activated; when it is detected that the battery is heating up too quickly during charging or discharging, there is a trend of further cooling. The cooling system (such as liquid cooling or air cooling) is activated to quickly reduce the battery temperature. Adjust the excess capacity to reduce heat generation. When the battery temperature reaches below 40°C, the mode is turned off and switched to the self-circulation mode. When the battery temperature is below 15°C (below the lower limit of the ideal range), the external ambient temperature is low, and the battery is at risk of reduced working efficiency or failure to charge. The heating device (such as PTC heating sheet or electric heating film) is activated to increase the battery pack temperature and limit the charging current. Lithium analysis in the Finnish environment has problems. When the battery temperature reaches above 20°C, the heating mode is turned off and switched to the self-circulation mode. When the battery temperature is between 15°C-45°C and the temperature change rate is within a safe range, the self-circulation mode is activated.

[0034] After the battery is consumed, external cooling or heating can maintain it within the ideal temperature range. During the cycle, the system only monitors the battery status, starts the cooling or heating device, and maintains the temperature stable by optimizing the charge and discharge strategy (such as reducing the current). If the temperature exceeds the ideal range, it switches to the interruption or heating mode according to the situation. The thermal management unit determines whether the mode needs to be switched based on the real-time temperature information. When the temperature is close to 45°C, the compensation mode is started in advance to prevent overheating. When the temperature is close to 15°C, the heating mode is started in advance to prevent low temperature from affecting performance. When the temperature measurement value changes or exceeds the safe range (such as >50°C or <10°C), emergency protection is given priority. While meeting the temperature requirements, the control of the cooling or heating device is minimized, and the self-circulation mode is maintained first. The BMS collects and analyzes the key parameters of the battery in real time, and the thermal management module collects and analyzes the results to start the extraction, heating or self-circulation mode to ensure that the battery pack operates within the ideal temperature range. The mode switching logic dynamically adjusts each mode based on the battery temperature, external environment and real-time working conditions, which not only ensures the safety of battery operation, but also improves the system performance efficiency.

[0035] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 As shown, the fire extinguishing system includes a smoke alarm and a temperature sensor. The smoke alarm and the temperature sensor are used to detect the temperature and fire status of the lithium battery pack. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature change of the lithium battery pack in real time and determines whether there is overheating or abnormal temperature rise by comparing with the preset safety temperature threshold. When the temperature of the lithium battery pack approaches or exceeds the safety threshold, the sensor sends an alarm signal to the control system, triggering cooling or other protective measures;

[0036] Smoke alarms detect tiny smoke particles in the air to determine whether there are signs of burning or fire. They are highly sensitive and can detect initial smoke before flames form. Fires are quickly discovered in the early stages of lithium battery pack combustion (such as when smoke appears but no open flames are seen), and alarms are issued in a timely manner. The fire extinguishing system is triggered. According to the control system logic, the smoke alarm can directly activate the fire extinguishing device (such as spraying fire extinguishing agent) to prevent the fire from spreading further.

[0037] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples, and the embodiments having the same structure as the technical idea and exerting the same effect within the scope of the technical solution of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, without departing from the scope of the main purpose of the present application, various modifications that can be thought of by those skilled in the art to the embodiments and other methods of combining some of the constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system, comprising a charger, characterized in that: The charger is electrically connected to a lithium battery pack, the lithium battery pack is electrically connected to a battery monitoring system, and the battery monitoring system is electrically connected to a control system; The lithium battery pack is electrically connected to a contactor circuit assembly through an inverter, the contactor circuit assembly is electrically connected to an air-conditioning load assembly, and the control system controls the contactor circuit assembly.

2. A railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charger is also electrically connected to a locomotive power source and a locomotive power storage box.

3. A railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lithium battery pack is also electrically connected to a discharger, and the control system controls the discharger to discharge the lithium battery pack.

4. A railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control system is also electrically connected to a fire extinguishing system, and the fire extinguishing system is connected in parallel to a lithium battery pack.

5. A railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a display screen, which is electrically connected to the control system.

6. A railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a box body, which is arranged outside the charger.

7. A railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery monitoring and management system comprises a thermal management unit and a battery management system.

8. A railway locomotive emergency auxiliary power supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing system includes a smoke alarm and a temperature sensor, and the smoke alarm and the temperature sensor are used to detect the temperature and fire status of the lithium battery pack.

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